A tachometer is a device used to measure the RPM or Revolutions Per Minute

of any rotating body. Tachometers can be contact based or non-contact ones.

The non-contact or contact-less optical tachometers usually use laser or
Infrared beam to monitor the rotation of any body. This is done by calculating
time taken for one rotation.

FEATURES
It can measure RPM over 20k
Sensor range extends upto 7~8 cm
Displays Maximum RPM when left Idle
Automatically toggles modes from "Idle" to "reading"
Can be adjusted to match the ambient lighting conditions
It is comparatively cheap and easy to build
Can work without an LCD
Programmable and supports customization
Connect an SD card to the Arduino to keep logs.

Electronics

Arduino

Resistors - 33k , 270 ohm , 10k potentiometer

LED - blue

IR LED and Photodiode

16 x 2 LCD

74HC595 shift Register

Ribbon cable ( 3 wire )

Perfboard and headers