Surface Excavation Tutorial 91

Surface Excavation Tutorial

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 Surface Excavation Tutorial 93

Enter:
Project Name = (optional)
Number of Stages = 3
Max. # of iterations = 500
Tolerance = 0.001
# Load Steps = Auto
Method = Plane strain
Solver Type = Gauss. Elim.

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Entering Boundaries
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Enter vertex [a=arc,esc=quit]: a

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Number of segments in arc <20>: enter 60

Enter first arc point[esc=quit]: -1 0
Enter second arc point[u=undo, esc=quit]: 1 0
Enter third arc point[u=undo, esc=quit]: c

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Enter vertex[a=arc,esc=quit]: 4.5 4

Enter vertex[a=arc,u=undo,esc=quit]: 4.5 -1
Enter vertex[a=arc,u=undo,esc=quit]: 6.5 -1
Enter vertex[a=arc,c=close,u=undo,esc=quit]: 6.5 4
Enter vertex[a=arc,c=close,u=undo,esc=quit]: c

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Enter:
Bndry Type = User Defined

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Enter vertex[esc=quit]: 15 4
Enter vertex[u=undo,esc=quit]: 6.5 4
Enter vertex[u=undo,esc=quit]: 4.5 4
Enter vertex[c=close,u=undo,esc=quit]: 1 4
Enter vertex[c=close,u=undo,esc=quit]: -1 4
Enter vertex[c=close,u=undo,esc=quit]: -10 4
Enter vertex[c=close,u=undo,esc=quit]: -10 -8
Enter vertex[c=close,u=undo,esc=quit]: 15 -8
Enter vertex[c=close,u=undo,esc=quit]: c
 Surface Excavation Tutorial 95

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Enter:
# Excavation Nodes = 100
Gradation Factor = 0.1
Mesh Type = Graded
Elem. Type = 3 Noded Tri.

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Discretizations: Excavation=130, External=56

96 PHASE2 Tutorial Manual

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Custom Discretization
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Select Segments to Discretize [enter=done,

esc=quit]: use the mouse to select the three
segments marked 10 in Figure 4-1. Right-click
and select Done Selection, or just press Enter.

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 Surface Excavation Tutorial 97

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Select Segments to Discretize [enter=done,

esc=quit]: use the mouse to select the segment
above the tunnel. Right-click and select Done
Selection, or just press Enter.

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98 PHASE2 Tutorial Manual

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ELEMENTS = 1901 NODES = 990

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Boundary Conditions
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Select segments to free [enter=done, esc=quit]:

Use the mouse to select the five segments
representing the ground surface. When finished,
right-click and select Done Selection, or press
Enter.

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 Surface Excavation Tutorial 99

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Select segments to restrain in the X direction

[enter=done,esc=quit]: Use the mouse to select the
left and right edges of the external boundary.
Right-click and select Done Selection, or press
Enter.

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Select segments to restrain in the Y direction

[enter=done,esc=quit]: Use the mouse to select the
bottom edge of the external boundary. Right-click
and select Done Selection, or press Enter.

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100 PHASE2 Tutorial Manual

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Adding a Traction
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Enter:
Horizontal = 0
Vertical = 0.2
Stage Traction

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Select segments to add traction [enter=done,

esc=quit] : use the mouse to select the external
boundary line segment directly above the circular
tunnel. Right-click and select Done Selection, or
press Enter.
 Surface Excavation Tutorial 101

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102 PHASE2 Tutorial Manual

Field Stress
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Enter:
Fld. Str. Type = Gravity
Ground Surf. Elev. = 4
Str.Ratio (in-plane) = 0.5
Str.Ratio(out-of-plane) =0.5
Locked-in (in-plane) = 0
Locked-in (out-of-plane) = 0
Show Ground Surf. Elev.

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 Surface Excavation Tutorial 103

Properties
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Enter:
Name = till
In.El.Ld.=Fld Str & Bdy For.
Unit Weight = 0.02
Material Type = Isotropic
Youngs Modulus = 50
Poissons Ratio = 0.25
Failure Crit. = Mohr Coul.
Material Type = Elastic
Tens. Strength = 0
Fric. Angle (peak) = 38
Cohesion (peak) = 0.01

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 Surface Excavation Tutorial 105

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106 PHASE2 Tutorial Manual

Compute

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Sigma 1
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 Surface Excavation Tutorial 107

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Additional Exercises

Single Stage Model

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