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443 6-1
443 6-1
1
1. The set K is closed under subtraction and multiplication, so is a subring. How-
ever, K does not have the absorption property: 2 K, and x Z[x], but 2x 6 K.
19. (a) + (b) = {ma + nb | a, b Z}. Now argue as in 12(b): every element
of (a) + (b) lies in (d) since a, b are multiples of d: so (a) + (b) (d). On the
other hand, we know from the Euclidean algorithm that d = pa + qb for some
integers p, q, so that d, and every multiple of d, is an element of (a) + (b). Hence
(d) (a) + (b), and we deduce (a) + (b) = (d).