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Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNS N04400) Plate, Sheet, and Strip: Standard Specification For
Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNS N04400) Plate, Sheet, and Strip: Standard Specification For
Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNS N04400) Plate, Sheet, and Strip: Standard Specification For
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This specification2 covers rolled nickel-copper alloy 3.1 Descriptions of Terms Specific to This StandardThe
(UNS N04400)* plate, sheet, and strip. terms given in Table 1 shall apply.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as the standard. The other values given are for information TABLE 1 Product Description
only. Width, in.
Product Thickness, in. (mm)
(mm)
2. Referenced Documents Hot-rolled plateA and over (Table 5 and Table 6)
3 16 (Table 8)B
2.1 ASTM Standards: Hot-rolled sheetA 0.018 to 0.250 (0.46 to 6.4), incl (Table 7) (Table 10)
Cold-rolled sheetC 0.018 to 0.250 (0.46 to 6.4), incl (Table 7) (Table 10)
B 164 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy Rod, Bar, and Cold-rolled stripC 0.005 to 0.250 (0.13 to 6.4), incl (Table 7) (Table 10)
Wire3 A
Material 316 to 14 in. (4.8 to 6.4 mm), incl, in thickness may be furnished as
E 8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials4 sheet or plate provided the material meets the specification requirements for the
E 10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materi- condition ordered.
B
Hot-rolled plate, in widths 10 in. (254 mm) and under, may be furnished as
als4 hot-finished rectangles with sheared or cut edges in accordance with Specification
E 18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell B 164, provided the mechanical property requirements of this specification are
Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials4 met.
C
Material under 48 in. (1219 mm) in width may be furnished as sheet or strip
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to provided the material meets the specification requirements for the condition
Determine Conformance with Specifications5 ordered.
E 76 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel-Copper
Alloys6 4. Ordering Information
E 112 Test Methods for Determining the Average Grain
4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
Size4
the following information:
E 140 Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals4
4.1.1 AlloyName or UNS number (see Table 2).
F 155 Test Method for Temper of Strip and Sheet Metals for
Electronic Devices (Spring-Back Method)7
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
2.2 Military Standards:8
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage Product (Check) Anal-
Composition,% ysis Variations, under
MIL-STD-271 Nondestructive Testing Requirements for Element min or over max, of
Metals Alloy N04400 the Specified Limit of
Element
1
Nickel, minA 63.0 0.45
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B-2 on Copper 28.0 to 34.0 0.15 under min-
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee 0.20 over max
B02.07 on Refined Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys. Iron, max 2.5 0.05
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 1998. Published October 1998. Originally Manganese, 2.0 0.04
published as B 127 39 T. Last previous edition B 127 93a{1. max
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi- Carbon, max 0.3 0.02
cation SB-127 in Section II of that code. Silicon, max 0.5 0.03
* New designation established in accordance with ASTM E527 and SAE J1086, Sulfur, max 0.024 0.005
Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS). A
Element shall be determined arithmetically by difference.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.04.
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
5
6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. 4.1.2 ASTM designation, including year of issue.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.
7 4.1.3 ConditionSee 6.1, 6.2, and Appendix X1.
DiscontinuedSee 1983 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.04.
8
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700 4.1.4 FinishSee Appendix X1.
Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS. 4.1.5 DimensionsThickness, width, and length.
TABLE 3 Mechanical Properties for Plate, Sheet, and Strip (All Thicknesses and Sizes Unless Otherwise Indicated)
Elongation
Condition Tensile Strength, min, psi Yield StrengthA (0.2 % in 2 in. or Rockwell Hardness
(Temper) (MPa) offset), min, psi (MPa) 50 mm, or (B Scale)B,C
4D, min, %
Hot-Rolled Plate
Annealed 70 000 (485) 28 000 (195) 35 ...
As-rolledD,E 75 000 (515) 40 000 (275) 25 ...
Hot-Rolled Sheet
Annealed 70 000 (485) 28 000 (195) 35 ...
Cold-Rolled Sheet
Annealed 70 000 to 85 000 (485 to 585) 28 000 (195) 35 ...
Quarter-hard ... ... ... 73 to 83
Half-hard ... ... ... 82 to 90
Hard 100 000 (690) 90 000 (620) 2 ...
Cold-Rolled Strip
F
Annealed 70 000 to 85 000 (485 to 585) 28 000 (195) 35F ...
Skin hard ... ... ... 68 to 73
Quarter-hard ... ... ... 73 to 83
Half-hard ... ... ... 82 to 90
Three-quarter-hard ... ... ... 89 to 94
Hard 100 000 (690)F 90 000 (620) 2F ...
Spring temper ... ... ... 98 min
A
Yield strength requirements do not apply to material under 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) in thickness.
B
For Rockwell or equivalent hardness conversions see Hardness Conversion Tables E140.
C
Caution should be observed in using the Rockwell test on thin material, as the results may be affected by specimen thickness. For thicknesses under 0.050 in. (1.3
mm), the use of the Rockwell superficial or the Vickers hardness test is suggested.
D
As-rolled plate may be given a stress-relieving heat treatment subsequent to final rolling.
E
As-rolled plate specified suitable for hot forming shall be furnished from heats of known good hot-malleability characteristics (see X1.2.2). There are no applicable
tensile or hardness requirements for such material.
F
Not applicable for thickness under 0.010 in. (0.25 mm).
NOTE 1All plates shall be ordered to thickness and not to weight per square foot. No plates shall vary more than 0.01 in. (0.3 mm) under the thickness
ordered, and the overweight of each lotA in each shipment shall not exceed the amount given in the table. Spot grinding is permitted to remove surface
imperfections, such spots not to exceed 0.01 in. (0.3 mm) under the specified thickness.
Permissible Excess in Average Weight,B,C per Square Foot of Plates for Widths Given in Inches (Millimetres)
Expressed in Percentage of Nominal Weights
Specified Thickness, in. (mm) 48 to 60 60 to 72 72 to 84 84 to 96 96 to 108 108 to 120 120 to 132 132 to 144 144 to 160
Under 48 (1220 to (1520 to (1830 to (2130 to (2440 to (2740 to (3050 to (3350 to (3660 to
(1220) 1520), 1830), 2130), 2440), 2740), 3050), 3350), 3660), 4070),
excl excl excl excl excl excl excl excl incl
to 516 (4.8 to 7.9), excl
3 16 9.0 10.5 12.0 13.5 15.0 16.5 18.0 ... ... ...
to 38 (7.9 to 9.5), excl
5 16 7.5 9.0 10.5 12.0 13.5 15.0 16.5 18.0 ... ...
38 to 716 (9.5 to 11.1), excl 7.0 7.5 9.0 10.5 12.0 13.5 15.0 16.5 18.0 19.5
716 to 12 (11.1 to 12.7), excl 6.0 7.0 7.5 9.0 10.5 12.0 13.5 15.0 16.5 18.0
12 to 58 (12.7 to 15.9), excl 5.0 6.0 7.0 7.5 9.0 10.5 12.0 13.5 15.0 16.5
58 to 34 (15.9 to 19.0), excl 4.5 5.5 6.0 7.0 7.5 9.0 10.5 12.0 13.5 15.0
34 to 1 (19.0 to 25.4), excl 4.0 4.5 5.5 6.0 7.0 7.5 9.0 10.5 12.0 13.5
1 to 2 (25.4 to 50.8), incl 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.5 6.0 7.0 7.5 9.0 10.5 12.0
A
The term lot applied to this table means all of the plates of each group width and each group thickness.
B
The permissible overweight for lots of circular and sketch plates shall be 25 % greater than the amounts given in this table.
C
The weight of individual plates shall not exceed the nominal weight by more than 114 times the amount given in the table and Footnote B.
TABLE 6 Permissible Variations in Thickness for Rectangular Plates Over 2 in. (51.0 mm) in Thickness
NOTE 1Permissible variation under specified thickness, 0.01 in. (0.3 mm).
Permissible Variations, in. (mm), over Specified Thickness for Widths Given, in. (mm)
36 to 60 60 to 84 84 to 120 120 to 132
Specified Thickness, in. (mm) To 36 (915), 132 (3350)
(915 to 1520), (1520 to (2130 to (3050 to
excl and over
excl 2130), excl 3050), excl 3350), excl
Over 2 to 3 (51.0 to 76.0), excl
1 16 (1.6) 332 (2.4) 764 (2.8) 18 (3.2) 18 (3.2)
9 64 (3.6)
3 to 4 (76.0 to 102.0), incl
5 64 (2.0) 332 (2.4) 764 (2.8) 18 (3.2) 18 (3.2)
9 64 (3.6)
angle between adjacent sides shall be 906 0.15 (116 in. in 24 same thickness and condition, except for plates weighing over
in.) (1.6 mm in 610 mm). 500 lb, in which case only one specimen shall be taken.
7.7 Flatness: 9.2 Test Material Selection:
7.7.1 There shall be no flatness requirements for deep 9.2.1 Chemical AnalysisRepresentative samples shall be
drawing quality, spinning quality, or as-rolled, sheet and taken during pouring or subsequent processing.
strip (see X1.4) 9.2.1.1 Product (Check) Analysis shall be wholly the re-
7.7.2 Standard flatness tolerances for plate shall conform to sponsibility of the purchaser.
the requirements prescribed in Table 12. Specially flattened 9.2.2 Mechanical Properties, Hardness, and Grain Size
plate when so specified, shall have permissible variations in Samples of the material to provide test specimens for mechani-
flatness as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the cal properties, hardness, and grain size shall be taken from such
purchaser. locations in each lot as to be representative of that lot.
(Hardness and grain size required only on the products as
8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance specified in Table 3 and Table 4.)
8.1 The material shall be uniform in quality and temper,
smooth, commercially straight or flat, and free of injurious 10. Number of Tests
imperfections. 10.1 Chemical AnalysisOne test per lot.
8.2 Sheet, Strip, and PlateSheet, strip, and plate supplied 10.2 Mechanical PropertiesOne test per lot.
in the conditions and finishes as listed in the appendix may be 10.3 HardnessOne test per lot. (Required only as speci-
ground or machined to remove surface imperfections, provided fied in Table 3 and Table 4.)
such removal does not reduce the material below the minimum 10.4 Grain SizeOne test per lot. (Required only as speci-
specified dimensions. Surface eliminated depressions shall be fied in Table 4.)
faired smoothly into the surrounding material. The removal of
a surface imperfection shall be verified by the method origi- 11. Specimen Preparation
nally used to detect the imperfection. 11.1 Tension test specimens shall be taken from material in
the final condition (temper) and tested transverse to the
9. Sampling direction of rolling when width will permit.
9.1 LotDefinition: 11.2 Tension test specimens shall be any of the standard or
9.1.1 A lot for chemical analysis shall consist of one heat. subsize specimens shown in Test Methods E 8.
9.1.2 A lot for mechanical properties, hardness, and grain 11.3 In the event of disagreement, referee specimens shall
size testing shall consist of all material from the same heat, be as follows:
nominal thickness, and condition. 11.3.1 Full thickness of the material machined to the form
9.1.2.1 Where material cannot be identified by heat, a lot and dimensions shown for the sheet-type specimen in Test
shall consist of not more than 500 lb (227 kg) of material in the Methods E 8 for material under 12 in. (12.7 mm) in thickness.
4
12 to 34, excl 38 18 38 18 12 18 58
18
34
18
34 to 1, excl 12 18 12 18 58 18 34 18 78 18
1 to 114, incl 58 18 58 18 34 18 78 18 1 18
Abrasive-cut:E,F
316 to 114, incl 18 18 18
18 18
18 18 18 18
18
Plasma-torch-cut:G
316 to 2, excl 12 0 12 0 12 0 12 0 12 0
2 to 3, incl 58 0 58 0 58 0 58 0 58 0
Millimetres
D
Sheared:
4.8 to 7.9, excl 4.8 3.2 6.4 3.2 9.5 3.2 12.7 3.2 ... ...
7.9 to 12.7, excl 6.4 3.2 9.5 3.2 9.5 3.2 12.7 3.2 15.9 3.2
12.7 to 19.0, excl 9.5 3.2 9.5 3.2 12.7 3.2 15.9 3.2 19.0 3.2
19.0 to 25.4, excl 12.7 3.2 12.7 3.2 15.9 3.2 19.0 3.2 22.2 3.2
25.4 to 31.8, incl 15.9 3.2 15.9 3.2 19.0 3.2 22.2 3.2 25.4 3.2
Abrasive-cut:E,F
4.8 to 31.8, incl 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2
Over 31.8 to 69.8, incl 4.8 3.2 4.8 3.2 4.8 3.2 4.8 3.2 4.8 3.2
Plasma-torch-cut:G
4.8 to 50.8, excl 12.7 0 12.7 0 12.7 0 12.7 0 12.7 0
50.8 to 76.2, incl 15.9 0 15.9 0 15.9 0 15.9 0 15.9 0
A
Permissible variations in width for powder-cut or inert-arc-cut plate shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
B
Permissible variations in machined, powder-cut, or inert-arc-cut circular plate shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
C
Permissible variations in plasma-torch-cut sketch plates shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
D
The minimum sheared width is 10 in. (254 mm) for material 34 in. (19.0 mm) and under in thickness and 20 in. (508 mm) for material over 34 in. (19.0 mm) in thickness.
E
The minimum abrasive-cut width is 2 in. (50.8 mm) and increases to 4 in. (101.6 mm) for thicker plates.
F
These tolerances are applicable to lengths of 240 in. (6100 mm), max. For lengths over 240 in (6100 mm), an additional 116 in. (1.6 mm) is permitted, both plus and
minus.
G
The tolerance spread shown for plasma-torch cutting may be obtained all on the minus side, or divided between the plus and minus side if so specified by the
purchaser.
11.3.2 The largest possible round specimen shown in Test be rounded as indicated, in accordance with the rounding
Methods E 8 for material 12 in. (12.7 mm) and over. method of Practice E 29.
Rounded Unit for Observed
12. Test Methods Test or Calculated Value
12.1 Determine the chemical composition, mechanical, and Chemical composition, hardness, nearest unit in the last right-hand place
other properties of the material as enumerated in this specifi- and tolerances (when expressed offigures of the specified limit. If two
cation, in case of disagreement, in accordance with the in decimals) choices are possible, as when the digits
dropped are exactly a 5 or a 5 followed
following methods: only by zeros, choose the one ending in
Test ASTM Designation an even digit, with zero defined
as an even digit.
Chemical analysis E 76 Tensile strength and yield strength nearest 1000 psi (6.9 MPa)
Tension E8 Elongation nearest 1 %
Brinell hardness E 10 Grain Size:
Rockwell hardness E 18 0.0024 in. (0.06 mm) or larger nearest multiple of 0.0002 in. (0.005 mm)
Grain size E 112 less than 0.0024 in. (0.06 mm) nearest multiple of 0.0001 in. (0.002 mm)
Rounding E 29
Rounding procedure E 29 13. Inspection
Spring-back F 155
13.1 Inspection of the material shall be as agreed upon
12.2 The measurement of the average grain size may be between the purchaser and the supplier as part of the purchase
carried out by the planimetric method, the comparison method, contract.
or the intercept method described in Test Methods E 112. In
case of dispute, the referee method for determining the 14. Rejection and Rehearing
average grain size shall be the planimetric method. 14.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements of
12.3 For purposes of determining compliance with the this specification may be rejected. Rejection should be reported
specified limits for requirements of the properties listed in the to the producer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case of
following table, an observed value or a calculated value shall dissatisfaction with the results of the test, the producer or
5
Plasma-Torch-Cut PlateB
Permissible Variations in Specified Diameter for Thickness Given, in. (mm)C
Specified Diameter, in. (mm) Thickness, max, in.
3 16 to 2 (4.8 to 50.8), excl 2 to 3 (50.8 to 76.2), incl
(mm) + +
19 to 20 (483 to 508), excl 3 (76.2)
12 (12.7) 0 (15.9)
58 0
20 to 22 (508 to 559), excl 234(69.8) 12 (12.7) 0 58 (15.9) 0
22 to 24 (559 to 610), excl 212(63.5) 12 (12.7) 0 58 (15.9) 0
24 to 28 (610 to 711), excl 214(57.3) 12 (12.7) 0 58 (15.9) 0
28 to 32 (711 to 812), excl 2 (50.8) 12 (12.7) 0 58 (15.9) 0
32 to 34 (812 to 864), excl 134(44.5) 12 (12.7) 0 ... ...
34 to 38 (864 to 965), excl 1 2(38.1)
1 12 (12.7) 0 ... ...
38 to 40 (965 to 1020), excl 114(31.8) 12 (12.7) 0 ... ...
40 to 140 (1020 to 3560), incl 3 (76.2) 12 (12.7) 0 58 (15.9) 0
A
No permissible variations under.
B
Permissible variations in plasma-torch-cut sketch plates shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
C
The tolerance spread shown may also be obtained all on the minus side or divided between the plus and minus sides if so specified by the purchaser.
supplier may make claim for a rehearing. with the specification number, alloy, condition (temper), heat
number, manufacturers identification, and size. The markings
15. Certification shall not have a deleterious effect on the material or its
15.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, a performance and shall be sufficiently stable to withstand
manufactuers certification shall be furnished to the purchaser normal handling.
stating that material has been manufactured, tested, and in- 16.2 When applicable, each bundle or shipping container
spected in accordance with this specification, and that the test
shall be marked with the name of the material, condition
results on representative samples meet specification require-
(temper), this specification number, alloy, size, consignor and
ments. When specified in the purchase order or contract, a
consignee address, contract or order number, and such other
report of the test results shall be furnished.
16. Product Marking information as may be defined in the contract or order.
16.1 Each plate, sheet, or strip shall be marked on one face
TABLE 11 Permissible Variations in LengthA of Sheared, Plasma-Torch-Cut,B and Abrasive-Cut Rectangular PlateC
Permissible Variation in Length for Lengths Given, in. (mm)
Over 450 to
Specified Thickness Up to 60 Over 60 to Over 96 to Over 120 to Over 240 to Over 360 to
540 (11 430 Over 540
(1520), 96 (1520 to 120 (2440 to 240 (3050 to 360 (6096 to 450 (9144 to
to (13 716)
incl 2440), incl 3050), incl 6096), incl 9144), incl 11 430), incl
13 716), incl
+ + + + + + + +
Inches
Sheared:D
316 to 516, excl
3 16
18
14
18
38
18
12
18
58
18
34
18 78
18 ... ...
516 to 12, excl
38
18
12
18
12
18
12
18
58
18
34
18 78
18 1 18
TABLE 12 Permissible Variations from Flatness of Rectangular, Circular, and Sketch Plates
NOTE 1Permissible variations apply to plates up to 12 ft (366 cm) in length, or to any 12 ft or longer plates.
NOTE 2If the longer dimension is under 36 in. (914 mm), the permissible variation is not greater than 14 in. (6.4 mm).
NOTE 3The shorter dimension specified is considered the width, and the permissible variation in flatness across the width does not exceed the tabular
amount of that dimension.
NOTE 4The maximum deviation from a flat surface does not customarily exceed the tabular tolerance for the longer dimension specified.
Permissible Variations from a Flat Surface for Thickness and Widths Given, in. (mm)
48 to 60 60 to 72 72 to 84 84 to 96 96 to 108 108 to 120 120 to 144
Specified Thickness To 48 144
(1220 to (1520 to (1830 to (2130 to (2440 to (2740 to (3050 to
(1220), (3660)
1520), 1830), 2130), 2440), 2740), 3050), 3660),
excl and over
excl excl excl excl excl excl excl
Inches
to , excl
3 16 14
34 1
1 16 1
14 1
38 158 158 ... ... ...
to 38, excl
14
11 16 34
15 16 118 138 1716 1916 178 ...
38to 12, excl 12 916 1116 34 1516 118 114 1716 134
12to 34, excl 12 916 58 1316 118 118 118 138
34to 1, excl 916 58 58 34 1316 1516 1 118
1 to 2, excl
12 916 916 916 1116 1116 1116 34 1
2 to 4, incl 14 516 38 716 12 916 58 34 78
Millimetres
4.8 to 6.4, excl 19.0 27.0 31.7 34.9 41.3 41.3 ... ... ...
6.4 to 9.5, excl 17.5 19.0 23.8 28.6 35.0 36.5 39.7 47.6 ...
9.5 to 12.7, excl 12.7 14.3 17.5 19.0 23.8 28.6 31.7 35.0 44.4
12.7 to 19.0, excl 12.7 14.3 15.9 15.9 20.6 28.6 28.6 28.6 34.9
19.0 to 25.4, excl 12.7 14.3 15.9 15.9 19.0 20.6 23.8 25.4 28.6
25.4 to 50.8, excl 12.7 14.3 14.3 14.3 17.5 17.5 17.5 19.0 25.4
50.8 to 101.6, incl 6.4 7.9 9.5 11.1 12.7 14.3 15.9 19.0 22.2
Editorially corrected.
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
The following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the
inquiry, contract, or order, for agencies of the U.S. Government.
S1. Referenced Documents TABLE S3.1 Mechanical Properties for Quarter-Hard Cold Rolled
Strip
S1.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on date
Tensile Strength, min, psi (Mpa) 78 00085 000 (538586)
of material purchased form a part of this specification to the Yield Strength, min, psi (Mpa) (0.2% offset) 45,000 (310)
extent referenced herein. Federal Standard No. 102, No. 123, Elongation in 2 in., 50 mm, or 4D, min, % 20
No. 182, and Military Standard MIL-STD-129.
S2. Chemical Composition S4. Nondestructive Tests
S2.1 The material shall conform to the composition limits S4.1 When specified by the purchaser, each piece of each lot
specified in Table 2 except as specified in Table S2.1 shall be inspected. The purchaser shall specify if one or both
tests are required.
S3. Mechanical Properties S4.2 Ultrasonic Tests:
S3.1 Mechanical property requirements for quarter hard S4.2.1 General Requirements:
cold-rolled strip 14 in. thick and less shall be as specified in S4.2.1.1 Ultrasonic testing shall be performed in accordance
Table S3.1. with MIL-STD-271 as modified by the requirements specified
herein.
TABLE S2.1 Chemical Requirements S4.2.1.2 Acoustic compatibility between the production ma-
Element Composition Limits, % terial and the calibration standard material shall be within 75%.
Carbon 0.2 max. If the acoustic compatibility is within 25%, no gain compen-
Sulfur 0.015 max. sation is required for the examination. If acoustic compatibility
Aluminum 0.5 max.
Lead 0.006 max.
difference is between 25% and 75%, a change in the gain or dB
Tin 0.006 max. controls shall be accomplished to compensate for the differ-
Zinc 0.02 max. ences in acoustic compatibility. This method cannot be used if
Phosphorous 0.02 max.
the ultrasonic noise level exceeds 50% of the rejection value.
8
(Nonmandatory Information)
The American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection
with any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such
patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and
if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
and should be addressed to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible
technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make your
views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428.
10