K THI HC SINH GII CC TRNG THPT CHUYN

KHU VC DUYN HI V NG BNG BC B

LN TH IX, NM HC 2015 2016

THI MN: HA HC 11
Thi gian: 180 pht (Khng k thi gian giao )
CHNH THC
Ngy thi: 23/4/2016
( thi gm 04 trang)

Cu 1 (2 im).

1. Mt trong cc phn ng pha kh c nghin cu k l: H2(k) + I2(k) 2HI (k). Kho st

hng s tc ca phn ng cc nhit khc nhau thu c kt qu sau:
T(K) k1(l/mol.s) k -1 (l/mol.s)
-12
400 8,37.10 3,25.10-14
500 2,48.10-7 1,95 .10-9
600 2,38.10-4 2,97.10-6
700 3,22.10-2 5,61.10-4
800 1,27 2,85.10-2

a. Phn ng thu nhit hay ta nhit ? Tnh entanpi v entropi ca phn ng 400 K. Coi trong
khong 400 - 500K H, S khng ph thuc vo nhit .
b. Tnh phn ly ca HI 600K.
2. C ch phn ng to thnh amoniac trong cc m my v tr c xut nh sau:
N+ + H2 NH+ + H k1
NH + H2 NH2 + H
+ +
k2
NH2 + H2 NH3 + H
+ +
k3
NH3 + H2 NH4 + H
+ +
k4

NH4 + e NH3 + H
+
k5

NH4 + e NH2 + 2H
+
k6
a. S dng nguyn l nng n nh hy tm cc phng trnh biu din nng ca cc cu t
trung gian NH+, NH2+, NH3+ v NH4+ theo nng cc cht phn ng [N+], [H2] v [e]. Electron
c coi nh mt cht phn ng thng thng.
b. Chng minh rng biu thc tc phn ng to thnh NH3 c dng nh sau:
[dNH3 ]
= k a [N ][H 2 ] vi ka c biu din theo cc gi tr t k1 n k6.
dt

Cu 2 (2 im).

1. Dung dch A cha H2C2O4 (0,05M); HCl (0,1M), NH3 (0,1M). Tnh pH ca dung dch A
Cho pKa: NH4+ (9,24); H2C2O4 (1,25; 4,27).
2. Cc ion CN- c mt trong mt s loi nc thi cng nghip. C th loi cht c ny bng
phn ng sau 25oC: CN- + H2O2 NCO- + H2O
a. Tnh hng s cn bng ca phn ng.
b. Trong nc thi c nng CN- l 10-3 M. Nu dng dung dch H2O2 0,1M (th tch khng i)
nng CN- cn li sau phn ng l bao nhiu? Rt ra kt lun.
Cho: Eo(H2O2/H2O) = 1,77V v Eo(NCO-/CN-) = - 0,14V; F = 96500C/mol; R = 8,314J.K-1.mol-1
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Cu 3 (2 im).

1. Cho: E 0Ag +
/Ag
= 0,779V; E 0AgI/Ag,I- = - 0,15V. Thit lp mt s pin xc nh tch s tan ca
AgI. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra trn mi in cc v trong pin.
2. 250C, cho dng in mt chiu c cng 0,5 A i qua bnh in phn cha 2 in cc
platin nhng trong 200 ml dung dch gm Cu(NO3)2 0,02 M; Co(NO3)2 1 M v HNO3 0,01 M.
a. Vit phng trnh cc na phn ng c th xy ra ti catot v anot trong qu trnh in phn.
b. Khi 10% lng ion kim loi u tin b in phn, ngi ta ngt mch in v ni on mch
hai cc ca bnh in phn. Hy vit cc qu trnh ha hc xy ra.
c. Xc nh khong th ca ngun in ngoi t vo catot c th in phn hon ton ion th
nht trn catot (coi qu trnh in phn l hon ton khi nng ca ion b in phn cn li 10-6 M).
Chp nhn: p sut ring phn ca kh hiro: PH2 1 atm ; khi tnh ton khng k n qu th,
nhit dung dch khng thay i trong sut qu trnh in phn.
Cho: E 0Cu /Cu = + 0,337 V; E Co
2
0
/Co
= - 0,227 V; E O0 , H /H O = +1,229 V . Hng s Faraday F = 96500 C.mol-1
2
2 2

Cu 4 (2 im).

1. Khi un nng magie kim loi vi kh nit to thnh hp cht A mu xm nht. A phn ng vi
nc sinh ra kt ta B v kh C. Kh C phn ng vi ion hypoclorit thu c cht lng D khng
mu. Cht lng D phn ng vi axit sunfuric theo t l mol 1:1 to ra hp cht ion E. Dung dch
trong nc ca E phn ng vi axit nitr, sau trung ha dung dch thu c vi amoniac to
thnh mui F c cng thc thc nghim l NH. Kh C phn ng vi natri kim loi un nng thu
c cht rn G v kh hydro. Cht G phn ng vi init oxit theo t l mol 1:1 sinh ra cht rn H
v nc. Anion trong H v F l ging nhau. Xc nh cc cht t A ti H, vit phng trnh phn
ng xy ra.
2. Cht rn mu (A) khi c nung trong mi trng tr (khng c khng kh) bay hi sau
ngng t thnh cht sp mu vng (B). (A) khng phn ng c vi khng kh nhit phng
nhng (B) c th t bc chy to ra khi trng l cc ht cht rn (C). (C) tan trong nc ta nhiu
nhit to dung dch ca axit 3 ln axit (D). (B) phn ng vi lng thiu kh clo to thnh cht
lng khng mu d bc khi (E), cht ny d phn ng tip vi clo to cht rn mu trng (F). Khi
ha tan (F) vo nc thu c hn hp gm (D) v axit clohidric. Khi cho (E) vo nc, (E) to
ra axit 2 ln axit (G) v axit clohidric.
a. Xc nh cng thc cc cht t (A) ti (G) v vit phn ng xy ra.
b. Cho bit trng thi lai ha ca nguyn t trung tm v dng hnh hc ca phn t (E).

Cu 5 (2 im).

1. Phc cht (A) [PtCl2(NH3)2] c xc nh l ng phn trans-. Cho bit dng hnh hc v vit
cng thc cu to ca (A)
Phc cht (A) phn ng chm vi Ag2O cho phc cht [PtCl2(NH3)2(OH2)2]2+ (k hiu l X). Vit
phng trnh phn ng
Phc cht (X) khng phn ng c vi etyleniamin (en) to ra [PtCl2(NH3)2en]2+ . Hy gii
thch v v (vit) cu to ca phc cht (X).
2. Hy gii thch s hnh thnh lin kt trong cc phc Co(NH3)63+ v CoF63- theo thuyt VB. Bit
phc u l spin thp v phc sau l spin cao..

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Cu 6 (2 im).

1. Sp xp cc hp cht sau theo th t tng dn tnh baz v gii thch

2. So snh nhit si ca cc cht sau y v gii thch.

b. So snh c gii thch tnh axit ca cc cht: CH2=CH-COOH (A); CH2=CH-CH2-COOH (B)
cis-CH3-CH=CH-COOH (C); trans-CH3-CH=CH-COOH (D).
3. Lin kt i C=C to ra cc cu dng khc nhau rt kh khn do s quay quanh trc lin kt
C=C dn ti s ph hy lin kt nu gc quay l 900. Gii thch s tng dn ca chnh lch gi
tr nng lng khi quay 900 quanh lin kt i ca mt s cht di y:
Hp cht Cng thc cu to Chnh lch nng lng (Kcal/mol)
Axit butenioic HOOC-CH=CH-COOH 15,5
But-2-en CH3 CH= CH CH3 18,0
Etilen CH2=CH2 40
Stilben C6H5 CH= CH C6H5 42,8

Cu 7 (2 im).

1. Phn ng ca natri axetilua vi 1,12-dibromdodecan thu c hp cht A, cng thc phn t

C14H25Br. Khi x l vi natri amiua, A b chuyn thnh B (C14H24). zon phn B cho diaxit
HO2C(CH2)12CO2H. Hidro ha B trn xc tc Lindlar cho cht C (C14H26), cn khi hidro ha vi
xc tc Pt cho cht D (C14H28). Kh B vi Na/NH3 thu c E. Khi ozon phn c C v E u cho
O=CH(CH2)12CHO. Vit s phn ng, xc nh cng thc ca A n E ph hp vi cc d
kin trn.
2. Mt s hidrocacbon C10H16 tham gia vo cc chuyn ha sau:

Xc nh cu trc ca C10H16 v cc cht t A n D bit C v D l ng phn ca hidrocacbon

ban u. Ozon phn C, ri x l hn hp sn phm vi dung dch kim H2O2 to mt sn phm,
nu tin hnh tng t vi D to 2 sn phm.
3. Thnh phn chnh ca du thng l -pinen (2,6,6-trimetylbixiclo[3.1.1]hept-2-en). Cho -pinen
tc dng vi axit HCl c hp cht A, sau cho A tc dng vi KOH/ancol thu c hp cht
camphen (B). Cu trc A, B c cho di y. Vit c ch phn ng chuyn ha -pinen thnh A
v A thnh B.

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Cu 8 (2 im).

1. Hp cht A (C11H17NO3) khng quang hot, khng tan trong mi trng trung tnh v kim
nhng d tan trong mi trng axit long. A c hai nguyn t H linh ng, A phn ng vi Ac2O
to B (C13H19NO4) trung tnh. A phn ng vi MeI d sau thm AgOH, sn phm thu c C
c cng thc l C14H25NO4. un nng C thu c Me3N v D(C11H14O3) trung tnh. D phn ng
vi O3 thu c HCHO v E . Andehit thm E phn ng vi HI to sn phm cha 3 nhm OH
m chng khng to c lin kt hidro ni phn t bn vng. Xc nh CTCT cc cht cha bit.
2. Thy phn hp cht A (C13H18O2) trong mi trng axit HCl long cho hp cht B (C11H14O). Khi
B phn ng vi brom trong NaOH, sau axit ha th thu c axit C. Nu un nng B vi hn hp
hirazin v KOH trong glicol th cho hirocacbon D. Mt khc, B tc dng vi benzanehit trong
dung dch NaOH long (c un nng) th to thnh E (C18H18O). Khi A, B, C, D b oxi ha mnh th
u cho axit phtalic. Hy vit cng thc cu to ca cc hp cht t A n E

Cu 9 (2 im). Trnh by c ch to sn phm ca cc phn ng sau.

Bit:

Cu 10 (2 im).

1. T nhm cacbua v cc cht v c cn thit khc, lp s tng hp xiclopentanon.

2. T benzen v hp cht hu c cha 1C, tng hp cht di y (coi cc hp cht v c c ).
OH OH
Cl Cl

Cl Cl
Cl Cl

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(Th sinh khng c s dng ti liu. Cn b coi thi khng gii thch g thm)

H v tn th sinh: ................................................................ S bo danh: ............................... ....

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