Linear Algebra For Dummies

by Mary Jane Sterling 9780470430903

Errata as of July 2010

Chapter 3
Page 47, Bottom equation should be:
a11b11 + a12b21 + L + a1nbn1 a11b12 + a12b22 + L a1n bn 2 L
A * B = a21b11 + a22b21 + L + a2 n bn1 a21b12 + a22b22 + L a2 n bn 2 L
M M O
Page 51, Last sentence should be:
A square matrix is non-singular if it has a multiplicative inverse; a matrix is singular if it
does not have a multiplicative inverse.
Page 53, Equation in middle should be:
5 3 4 1 9 8 5 3 4 1 9 8
+ + = + +
0 1 2 3 6 2 0 1 2 3 6 2
9 2 9 8 5 3 13 7
2 4 + 6 2 = 0 1 + 4 5

18 10 18 10
4 6 = 4 6

Page 56, Second line should be:
a a
each ij in A becomes ji in AT.

Chapter 4
Page 75, Middle set of equations should be:
5 x + 4 y 5 z = 27 3R 1 15 x + 12 y 15 z = 81

5 x + 8 y 3 z = 35 5R 2 25 x 40 y + 15 z = 175

7 x + 6 y = 25 3R 1 + ( 5R 2 ) 10 x 28 y = 94
Page 77, Last equation should be:
x y z = 3

4x + 5 y = 6
y 3z = 5

Page 78, Last paragraph, the first two sentences should be:
Not all square matrices have inverses (singular matrices). Some square matrices (non-
singular) do have inverses.

Chapter 5
Page 96, Last equation should be:
1 4 3
c1 2 + c2 2 + c3 1

0 1 2
Page 100, Third equation should be:
2c1 + c3 = 2 x + y
2c1 + 4c3 = 2 z
5c3 = 2 x + y + 2 z

Linear Algebra For Dummies, Page 1

Chapter 6
Page 112, Top set of matrices should be:
1 0 0 17 18 1 0 0 17 18
0 1 0 7 8 0 1 0 7 8
1R 4 R 4
0 0 1 2 0 0 0 1 2 0

0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1
1 0 0 0 1
17R 4 + R 1 R1
0 1 0 0 1
7R 4 + R 2 R 2
0 0 1 0 2
2R 4 + R 3 R 3
0 0 0 1 1
Page 119, Paragraph below first set of equations, first sentence should be:
lines in the matrix read
x1 + 18 x3 = 1
7 7

Chapter 7
Page 130, Top equation should be:
1 4 3 0 1 4 3 0
2 0 1 0 2R + R R 0 8 5 0
1 2 2

0 8 5 0 0 8 5 0
1 4 3 0
1R 2 + R 3 R 3 0 8 5 0
0 0 0 0
1 4 3 0
1 5
R 2 R 2 0 1 0
8 8
0 0 0 0

1
1 0 2
0

5
4R 2 + R 1 R 1 0 1 0
8
0 0 0 0

Linear Algebra For Dummies, Page 2

 Page 132, The equation should be:
1 0 2 0 1 0 2 0
2 2R + R R
1 0 0 0 1 4 0
1 2 2
1R1 + R 3 R 3
1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
4R1 + R 4 R 4
4 1 7 0 0 1 1 0
1 0 2 0
1R 2 + R 3 R 3 0 1 4 0

1R 2 + R 4 R 4 0 0 3 0

0 0 3 0
1 0 2 0
1R 3 + R 4 R 4
0 1 4 0
1
R 3 R 3 0 0 1 0
3
0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0
2R 3 + R 1 R1 0 1 0 0

4R 3 + R 2 R 2 0 0 1 0

0 0 0 0
Page 143, Third line equation should be:
an x n + an 1 x n 1 + ...
Page 146, Last equation should be:
x 3y 2x + y x 3z 5 x + z
a1 = , a2 = or a1 = , a2 =
7 7 14 14

Chapter 10
Page 187, Second line from bottom, third set of as should be a12 a21a33 , so the five sets in a
row should read:
a11a22 a33 , a11a23 a32 , a12 a21a33 , a12 a23 a31 , a13 a21a32 , and a13 a22 a31.
Page 188, Second line from top, last set of as should be:
a12 a21a33
Page 196, Second equation should be:
1 2
Area = det = 5 12 = 7 = 7
6 5
Page 199, Second equation should be:
1 6 2
V = det 1 2 1 = 38 = 38
2 2 5

Linear Algebra For Dummies, Page 3

Chapter 11
Page 208, Top equation should be:
g11 a g13 a
g b g 23 b
det(G) = 21
g 31 c g 33 c

g 41 d g 43 d
b g 23 b g 21 g 23 b
det(G) = g11 * c g33 c + a * g 31 g 33 c
d g 43 d g 41 g 43 d
g 21 b b g 21 b g 23
+ g13 * g31 c c + a * g31 c g 33
g 41 d d g 41 d g 43
= g11 ( bg33 d + g 23cd + bcg 43 (bg33 d + cg 43b + dg 23c) )
+ a ( g 21 g33 d + g 23cg 41 + bg31 g 43 (bg33 g 41 + cg 43 g 21 + dg 23 g31 ) )
+ g13 ( g 21cd + bcg 41 + bg 31d (bcg 41 + cdg 21 + dbg31 ) )
+ a ( g 21cg 43 + bg 33 g 41 + g 23 g 31d ( g 23cg 41 + g33 dg 21 + g 43bg 31 ) )
Page 208, Last equation should be:
a ( g 21 g 33 d + cg 23 g 41 + bg 31 g 43 (bg33 g 41 + cg 21 g 43 + dg 23 g31 ) )
a ( cg 21 g 43 + bg 33 g 41 + dg 23 g31 (cg 23 g 41 + dg 21 g 33 + bg 31 g 43 ) )

Chapter 12
Page 226, Fifth line from bottom, the multiplier should be:
( 1)
i+ j

Linear Algebra For Dummies, Page 4

Page 227, Top equation should be:
3 3 1 7
7 6 3 14
A=
5 4 2 9

5 5 2 11
6 3 14
C11 = (1) 4 2 9 = 1(1) = 1
2

5 2 11
7 3 14
C12 = (1) 5
3
2 9 = 1(2) = 2
5 2 11
7 6 14
C13 = (1) 5
4
4 9 = 1(3) = 3
5 5 11
7 6 3
C14 = (1) 5
5
4 2 = 1(1) = 1
5 5 2
3 1 7
C21 = (1) 4 2
3
9 = 1(1) = 1
5 2 11
Page 232, Second equation should be:
11 3 1 2 11 1
A x = 3 4 2 , A y = 1 3 2 ,


19 5 3 4 19 3
2 3 11
A z = 1 4 3
4 5 19
Page 233, First equation should be:
2 3 1
det(A) = 1 4 2 = 24 + 24 5 (16 + 20 9) = 43 27 = 16
4 5 3
11 3 1
det ( A x ) = 3 4 2 = 132 + 114 + 15 (76 + 110 + 27) = 261 213 = 48
19 5 3
2 11 1
det ( A y ) = 1 3 2 = 18 88 + 19 (12 76 + 33) = 87 + 55 = 32
4 19 3
2 3 11
det ( A z ) = 1 4 3 = 152 + 36 55 (176 + 30 57) = 133 149 = 16
4 5 19

Linear Algebra For Dummies, Page 5

 Page 234, Last full paragraph second sentence should be:
When you add the first and third equations together, you get

Chapter 13
Page 242, Seventh item in bulleted list should begin with:
k (u v ) = k u k v
Page 252, Second paragraph, first sentence should be:
First, k (u v ) = k u k v .
Page 252, Last equation should be:
(8 + 9) [14 87 23] = 8 [14 87 23] 9 [14 87 23]
1 [14 87 23] = [ 112 696 184] [126 783 207 ]
[14 87 23] = [14 87 23]

Chapter 14
Page 262, Last offset equation should be:
f ( x) = cn x n + cn 1 x n 1 + K + c1 x1 + c0
Page 265, Fourth paragraph, second line, should begin:
ai
Page 266,Bottom equation should be:

1 1 2 0 13
3 2 0 1 1

1 0 1 2 0
1 1 2 13 0
3R 1 + R 2 R 2
0 5 6 1 38
R1 + R 3 R 3
0 1 3 2 13
1 1 2 13
0
R2 R3
0 1 3 2 13

0 5 6 1 38
1 1 2 13 0
0 1 3 2 13
R 2 R 2
0 5 6 1 38
1 0 1 0 2
R 2 + R1 R1
0 1 3 2 13
5R 2 + R 3 R 3
0 0 9 9 27
1 0 1 0 2
R 3 R 3 0 1 3 2 13
1
9
0 0 1 1 3
1 0 0 3 1
R 3 + R1 R1
0 1 0 1 4
3R 3 + R 2 R 2
0 0 1 1 3

Linear Algebra For Dummies, Page 6

 Page 268, Top equation should be:
1 1 2 0 b1
3 2 0 1 b2

1 0 1 2 b3
1 1 2 0 b1
3R 1 + R 2 R 2
0 5 6 1 b2 3b1
R1 + R 3 R 3
0 1 3 2 b1 + b3
1 1 2 0 b1
R2 R3
0 1 3 2 b1 + b3

0 5 6 1 b2 3b1
1 1 2 0 b1
0 1 3 2 b1 b3
R 2 R 2
0 5 6 1 b2 3b1
1 0 1 2 b3
R 2 + R1 R 1
0 1 3 2 b1 b3
5R 2 + R 3 R 3
0 0 9 9 2b1 + b2 + 5b3

1 0 1 2 b3
1
R 3 R 3 0 1 3 2 b1 b3
9 2 1 5
0 0 1 1 b1 + b2 + b3
9 9 9
2 1 4
1 0 0 1 b1 + b2 b3
9 9 9

R 3 + R1 R 1 1 1 2
0 1 0 1 b1 + b2 + b3
3R 3 + R 2 R 2 3 3 3

0 0 1 1 2 b1 + 1 b2 + 5 b3
9 9 9

Chapter 15
Page 277, Second offset equation should be:
1 1 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0
1 2 1 6 3 0 0 1 0 5 2 0

2 1 4 1 2 0 0 0 1 2 1 0

1 1 1 5 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Page 277, Fourth paragraph, second line, second equation, equation should be:
a2 = 5a4 2a5

Linear Algebra For Dummies, Page 7

 Page 284, Bottom equation should be:
u1 u 2 u3
1 1 1

U = 1 , 1 , 1

0 2 1

1 1
2
6
1 1
1 1 1 1
a1u1 = 1 = , a u = 1 =
2 2 6 6
2 2

0 2
0 2
6

1

3
1
1 1
a3u3 = 1 =
3 3
1
1
3

Chapter 17
Page 311, Last paragraph, starting at the end of the third line, should be:
21 grams of carbohydrates

Linear Algebra For Dummies, Page 8