97

) () (2322 91

) (

1 :
u a2u , x , t
t xx
T1 , x
u (x , )
T2 , x
x x
( u(x ,t) A B : ( u(x , t) f ) )
2a t 2a t
T T T T z 2 T T T T z 2
B 1 2 , A 1 2 , (z) e s ds (2 B 1 2 , A 1 2 , (z) e s ds (1
2 2

T T T T z 2 T T T T z 2
B 1 2 , A 1 2 , (z) e s ds (4 B 1 2 , A 1 2 , (z) e s ds (3
2 2

2 x a . y b
) u f (x , y
2

)u(x , ) , u(x ,b) h(x

)u( , y) u(a , y) , u ( , y) u (a , y
x x

f h ) (x
2kx 2kx kx kx
1 , cos , sin , k 1, 2 , 3 , 4 , (2 1 , cos , sin , k 1, 2 , 3 , 4 , (1
a a a a
kx kx 2kx 2kx
cos , sin , k 1, 2 , 3 , 4 , (4 cos , sin , k 1, 2 , 3 , 4 , (3
a a a a
3 T z1 a z 2 z3 a z w1 w 2 1 w 3
w . a T TOT I
2

2 (4 1 (3 1 (2 2 (1
z1
w 1
z 1
4 w 1
z
1 1 1 1
(4 (3 (2 (1
1 1 1 1
u a2u f (x , t) , t , x

t xx 5
u(x , ) , x
(x )2
t
1 2
) (t
u(x , t) [ e 4a .f ( , )d]d )(1 :
) 2a (1

ut a2u xx f (x , t) , x , t
:
u(x , ) , u ( , t)
) (1 :
(x )2 (x )2 (x )2
2 2 2
(e 4a (t ) e 4a (t ) ) f ( , ) d (2 e 4a (t ) .f ( , ) d (1

(x )2 (x )2 (x )2 (x )2
2 2 2 2
)4a (t
[e .f ( , ) e 4a (t ) .f ( , ) d] (4 (e 4a (t ) e 4a (t ) )f ( , ) d (3

98
) () (2322 91

eiz
z | x | R y R 6
ez e z
1
f (x)
cosh x

2 (3 2 (2
(4 )cosh(
(1
)cosh( )cosh(
)cosh( 2
2
7 :
)ut u xx f (x , t , x L , t

)u(x , ) (x , x L
u ( , t) , u(L , t) , t
x
) (x ) f (x , t . x
(2k 1)x
{cos
}kN (1
2L
(2k 1)x
{cos }kN (2
L
(2k 1)x
{sin }kN (3
L
(4 x L .
)ut u xx f (x , t , x L , t
8
u(x , ) , u x ( , t) , u(L , t)
:

(2k 1) x
u(x , t) uk (t)cos
k 1 2L

x
.( f (x ,t) sin t .cos )
2L 2L
2
[ cos ( t) e t ]cos (x) (1
2 4 2 4
2 2
[ cos ( t) sin ( t) e t ]cos (x) (2
2 4 2 4 2 4
2 2
[ cos ( t) sin ( t) e t ]cos (x) (3

2 4

2 4

2 4

2
[ 2 cos ( t) 2 sin ( t) 2 e t ]cos (x) (4
2
2
2

9 V xy . V(x , ) A
x V(x , ) 2A . x ) P (1 , 1 ) Q (1 , 3 )V(Q) V(P
) A(
A A A A
(4 (3 (2 (1
6 8 12 24

99
) () (2322 91

10 ) T(u , v v u 1 v T b u 1
v a) T a b ( v 1 u 1
a b b a v
Arc tan (1
2 u
a b a b (u 1)2 v2 (u 1)2 v2
Arcsin (2
2 2 2
a b b a (u 1)2 v2 (u 1)2 v2
Arcsin (3
2 2
a b a b (u 1)2 v2 (u 1)2 v2
Arcsin (4
2 2
) 2 2 ( 1 cos n
f (x)
n 2 n2 1
11 x f (x) sin x cos (nx) :
1 1 1

1 3
2 2
3 5
2 2
5 72
2

2 8 2 8 2 8 2 8
(4 (3 (2 (1
2 4 8 16

1
12 ) Pn (x n n Ik (x4 2x2 ) P2k 1 (x)dx
1

)(k 1
, k 1 , k 2
1 , k 1 1

Ik (4 k Ik , k 2 (3 Ik 1 (2 Ik , k 2 (1
3 2k 1 , k 2 3
, k 2 , k 1

ez dz

C | z | 3 13 2 iM
C )(z2 4)(z 4
C1 :| z 1 | | z 1 | 4 2

e4 2iM (1
2i (M ) (2
2
e4
(4 C1 . 2i (M ) (3
2
14 ) u(x , t ) v(x , t :
utt u xx , x , t v tt v xx , x , t

u (x , ) t

v (x , ) t
x x x x
)ut (x , ) a cos 2 b sin 2 (x v t (x , ) (x) a (1 ) b

u(, t) at , u ( , t) bt ) v(, t) v ( , t
) w(x , t) u(x , t) v(x , t
x x x x x x
at cos bt sin (4 at ( x) btx (3 at (1 ) bt (2 a (1 ) b (1
2 2

100
) () (2322 91

) log (1 z2 ) log (1 z2
C :| z
i 1
C (3z i)2
I | f )(z 15
3 2 (3z i)2


I
(1 i
6

(2 i I
3
(3 .
(4 .

u (x) g (x) g h h ()

16 h (x )u ( )d
1 .

u (x) g (x) h (x ) g () d h (x ) g (x ) h () d ... (1


u (x) g (x) g (x ) h () d g (x ) g ( ) h () d d ... (2


u (x) g (x) h (x ) g () d h2 (x )g () d ... (3


u (x) g (x) h (x ) g () d h (x ) h ( ) g () d d ... (4


R
4
2
17 eiz , r R

I cos (x2 )dx , J sin(x2 )dx

J ,I (4 J ,I (3 J ,I (2 J ,I (1
2 2 4 4 4 2 2 2 2 2

f () f (x) f (x)e ix dx
1
18
1 x2

e (4 e (3 e

(2 e (1
2
f (z) ) (z 2 .
1
)(z 1)(z 2
19
( z 2 1 ( z 2 1
) (1( f (z) (z 2) 1 1 (z 2) (z 2)2 (z 2)3 .....
)( .

) (2( f (z) (z 2) 1 1 (z 2) (z 2)2 (z 2)3 .....

1 1 1 1
f (z) )( ...
)(z 2) (z 2
2 3
(z 2) (z 2)5
4

) (3( f (z) (z 2) 1 1 (z 2) (z 2)2 (z 2)3 .....

1 1 1 1
f (z) )( ...
)(z 2) (z 2
2 3
(z 2) (z 2)5
4

) (4( f (z) (z 2) 1 1 (z 2) (z 2)2 (z 2)3 .....

1 1 1 1
f (z) )( ...
)(z 2) (z 2
2 3
(z 2) (z 2)5
4

101
) () (2322 91

1
20 z n ) f (z) sin (z
z

1 1 2
2
an cos (n)sin (2 cos ) d (2 an cos (n)sin (2 cos ) d (1

1 2 1
2
an sin (n)sin (2 cos )d (4 an cos (n)sin (2 cos ) d (3

v1 4x3 3x2 , v2 3x1 , v3 4x1 21 :

.

3e2 4e3 (4 3e2 4e3 (3 4e2 3e3 (2 4e2 3e3 (1

22 O . OC
3 9
ij
9 22
x2
C oc 35 (1
B 220 oc 66 (2
oc 4 (3
45
oc 5 (4
x1
O A 300

23 P . 6x1 2x2 3x3 12 P

14 7 7

ij)p 7 21 ksi
7 35


i 95e1 84e2 63e3 (2 i 6e1 12e2 9e3 (1

i 11e1 12e2 9e3 (4 i 95e1 63e3 (3

24 A A T
A.A T AijA ji (4 A.A T AijA kj (3 A.A T AijA mn (2 A.A T AijAij (1
1 1 1
25 1 1 1 .
1 1 1
(1
(2 .
(3 .
(4 .
11

. ii 22

26
33

1 22 33 1 11 33 1 11 22 3 3 3
, , (2 , , (1
3 3 3 3 3 3
1 11 1 22 1 33 1 11 1 22 1 33
, , (4 , , (3
3 3 3 3 3 3

102
) () (2322 91

27 A ) A. ( A
Aij Aij Aij Aii
(4 (3 (2 (1
Xi X j X k Xi

28 V A A 1
1 1 1 1 , V (1
, V (4 , V (3 ,V (2
29 covariant v i
vi j vi, j v k ijk (4 vi j vi, j v k ijk (3 vi j vi, j v k ijk (2 vi j vi, j v k ijk (1

30 g i,j .gk ) g i,j (.

ijk (4 ijk g k (3 ijk g k (2 ijk (1

31 T E
(1 .
T (2 E .
(3 .
(4 .
32 Navier
u i jj ( )u j ij Fi
u i (2 u i, jj ( )u j, ji
u i (1

u i jj ( )u j ij
u i (4 u i, jj ( )u j, ji Fi
u i (3

33 ijk ,christoftel
1 1
(g jk,i g ki, j gij,k ) (4 2(g jk,i g ki, j gij,k ) (3 2(g jk,i g ki, j gij,k ) (2 (g jk,i g ki, j gij,k ) (1
2 2
34 aij (aij xi x j ) ,k :
a ki x i a ijx j (4 a jk x i a ik x j (3 a ik x i a kjx j (2 a ijx i a jk x j (1

35 ijk ijr Akr

2 (4 3 (3 4 (2 (1
36 :
x xy
Fx
x y
y xy
Fy
y x

r 1 r r r r
FR FR
r r r r
(2 (1
1 r 2r r r
F F
r r r r
r r r r r
FR FR
r r r r
(4 (3
r r r
F F
r r

103
) () (2322 91

37 ) p ( . x y z p
p
k . k
k
P
E
(1
)2(1 v
P E
(2
P dy
dz
)3(1 2v
dx E
y (3
)2(1 v
x
E
z (4
)3(1 2v

38 :
x 2G x
y 2G y
z 2G z
x y z . E v
vE E E E
(4 (3 (2 (1
)(1 v)(1 2v )(1 v)(1 2v )(1 v)(1 2v )2(1 v

39 - - :
u v u v
x , y , xy
x y y x
) (Compatibility Eq.

2 xy 2 x 2 y 2 xy 2 x 2 y
(2 (1
y2 x 2 y2 xy y2 x 2
2 xy 2 x 2 y 2 xy 2 x 2 y
(4 (3
xy x 2 y2 x 2 y2 x 2
x2 y 2
40 . 1
a2 b 2



a
2a 2b2G G
b (2 (1
a 2 b2 a b2
2

a 2b2G a2b2G
(4 (3
) 2(a 2 b2 a 2 b2

41 B ) (kPa
y 5kPa 4 / 13 (1
60 2 (2
x B
1 (3
5kPa
5 (4

104
) () (2322 91

42 T . T

a

a
6at
T (2 a2
T (1
a a t
2 2
3a 2 t 2
t
a
2a 2 3a 2
T (4 T (3
2a 2 3 t 2 3a 2 2t 2
1 2y

. 43 x2 y 2 z2 14 1 4x kPa
2y 4x 1
x 1 y 2 ) (x, y, z

6 / 12i 4 j 3 / 18k (4 2 / 57i 4 / 13 j 2k (3 3 / 47i 3 / 74 j 4k (2 1/ 25i 3 / 18k (1

44 :
2 3 4
3 1

4 1 2

2 / 18 (4 (3 5 / 83 (2 4 / 13 (1

m ii 4 ksi (3) 39 ksi .

65
2
45 ksi
) (1) (2) (3 ksi
(2) 1 / 5 ksi (1) 32 / 5 ksi (2 (2) (1) 135 ksi (1
(2) (1) 43 ksi (4 (2) 17 ksi (1) 26 ksi (3

105
) () (2322 91

) (

x
( u(x , t) f : 1 3 )
2a t
x x 1 x
(f ( ) a2 ( ) f )
4at t 2a t 2 2a t
4a t
x x
f (z) f (z) f (z) 2zf (z) z :
a t 2a t
2 z 2
g(z) 2zg(z) g(z) Be z f (z) f (z) u(x , t) A B es ds ) f (z) g(z :

2
A B e s ds T1 x

u(x , )

A B s2

e ds T2 x

T T
A B( ) T1 A 1 2
2 2
e s ds e s ds
2 2


:
A B( ) T B 1 T2
T 2

2
2

2 2 .
) u( , y) u(a , y

) u x ( , y) u x (a , y
k2x k2x
sin 1. cos T a
T T

za
a
za za z a az a 2
T TOT 3 2 T :
za za
a z a az a
2
z a
T2 TOT :
a 2 a
z a az a
2
z z (a 2 a) a 2z (a 1) z2 a 1 a 1
z a az a 2
2
a 1

| | w | |1 4 4 1 ) (w :
z 1
w :
z 1
z 1 z 1 z )(1 ) z (1
| | | |1 | | | |1 | | | | 1
z 1 z 1 z 1
1 1
z z
| 1 | | 1 | 1
|| | 1 | 1
z 1 z 1

106
) () (2322 91

| | z
1 1 ) (z :
| | z 1
1
:
1

5 3 u ( , t) ) f (x , t x . :
)f ( , ) f ( ,
:
(x )2 (x )2 (x )2

2 2 2
e 4a (t ) f ( , ) d e 4a (t ) f ( , ) d e 4a (t ) f ( , )d

:
(x )2 (x )2

)4a 2 (t 2
e f ( , ) d e 4a (t ) f ( , )d

) f ( , ) f ( , 3 .

e i z
i. f (z) 6 3
2 ez ez

e z e z e2z 1 e2z 1 ei z i
2
) f (z :
e i z R
ei x
)ei (R iy R
)ei (x i
)ei ( R iy
C ez ez dz
R e x e x
dx
e R iy e R iy
(idy)
R e x i e x i
dx
e R iy e R iy
)(idy

R . :
e i z
e i x
e i x
e i x
ez ez dz dx e dx (1 e ) dx
e x e x e x e x e x e x
:


e i x e i z
(1 e ) dx 2i[Res ] e 2
e x e x z
i e z ez
2


i x
e e 2
ex e x dx 1 e
2 :

cosh
2
1
:
cosh x

1 i x

2 i x

e i x
cosh x e dx ex e x e dx 2 ex e x dx )(


cosh cosh
2 2