sql>show parameter db_name

sql>show parameter instance_name

sql>show parameter db_block_size

Commit durty buffer.

Uncommited pinned buffer.

Smon instance crash recoverer.

Oracle Background Processes

When an Oracle instance starts, the background processes are started after the memory for the
SGA is allocated. The background processes manage system activity and i/o, monitor other
processes and maintain the integrity of the system.

Mandatory Background Processes

The exact Oracle architecture you have depends on your database configuration which
determines which background processes run but every Oracle instance will have the following
background processes.

SMON - the system monitor process which performs instance recovery on startup if
required, coalesces free space and monitors system activity to ensure the Oracle instance
is in a valid state
PMON - the process monitor which monitors other server processes and performs
recovery when a process fails
 LGWR - the log writer process which writes the redo buffers to the online redo log files

RECO - the recoverer process which cleans up distributed transaction failures in

distributed databases
DBWRn - the database writer process(es) which write changed data blocks from the
database buffer cache to the data files
CKPT - the checkpoint process updates the control file and data file headers with
checkpoint information and signals the database writer (DBWRn) processes to write
changed data blocks to the data files
MMON and MMNL - the manageability monitor processes which collect data for the
Automatic Workload Repository (AWR)

Optional Background Processes

These include:
ARCn - the archiver processes which archive inactive redo logs
CJQ0 and Jnnn - the job queue coordinator and slave processes which perform scheduled
tasks for users
FBDA - the flashback data archiver process which writes the pre-change image of
changed rows of tracked tables into Flashback Data Archives.
SMC0 - the space management coordinator process which coordinates space management
related tasks

Database (Files)
The final component in the Oracle architecture is the database. This
comprises the physical files that hold information about the
database. The various types of files in the database are:

data files - a database must have at least one data file

containing the system data (information about the database
such as the data dictionary)
control files - this is a small file storing information about the
physical structure of the database, they are usually
multiplexed to reduce the risk of losing the control file

redo log groups - at least 2 sets of redo log files must exist to
store the information required to redo changes to data. Each
group must comprise at least one file

a parameter file - either text or binary which contains the

parameter settings for the database
 a temp file - this is used to hold temporary data for example
during sorting of results

an undo file - this holds the undo data i.e. the pre-change
image of changed data blocks