Static Awareness: An Insight Into The Indian States (JAMMU

AND KASHMIR)
Dear Readers,

Today, we are discussing the state JAMMU & KASHMIR

(Heaven of India)

Jammu and Kashmir is a state in northern India, often denoted by the acronym
J&K. It is located mostly in the Himalayan mountains, and shares borders with the
states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab to the south. Jammu and Kashmir has an
international border with China in the north and east, and the Line of Control. The
state has special autonomy under Article 370 of the Constitution of India.

The State of Jammu & Kashmir is situated in extreme north of India. It was founded on 26
October, 1947.

J&K touches International boundaries with:

China in the north and east,
Afghanistan in the north-west
Pakistan in the west
It consists of three region:-

Summer Capital -> Shrinagar

Winter Capital -> Jammu
CM -> Mehbooba Mufti
Governor -> Narinder Nath Vohra
Administrative Language -> Urdu
Major Industries -> Handicrafts & Handlooms

Nicknames/Special titles of cities:

Jammu & Kashmir -> Heaven of India
City Special Names
Srinagar City of Rivers/lakes
Kashmir Switzerland of India
Siachen Highest and coldest battlefield in the
world
Jammu City of Temples

Folk Dance: S. No. Dance

1. Rouf
2. Bhand
Panther
3. Hafiza
4. Bhand
Jashan
5. Bacha
Nagmaa
6. Dumhal
 Important Tribes:
S. No. Tribes name Remarks
1. Bakharwal Known as DHANGAR in rest of
India
2. Gaddi
3. Gurjar or
Gujjar
4. Sippi

Important Festivals:

S. Festivals
No.
1. Baisakhi
2. Lohri
3. Eid-ul-Fitr
4. Eid-ul-Azha
5. Hemis

Important Rivers and Dams

RIVER DAM Purpose
Chenab Baglihar, Hydroelectric
Dulhasti ,
Salal
Indus Nimoo Bazgo Hydroelectric
Satluj
Masurdar(tributary PakalDul Hydroelectric
of Chenab)
Jhelum Uri-II Hydroelectric
 Important Lakes

S. Lake Remarks Located in/near

No.
1. Dal Lake Jewel in the crown of Srinagar
Kashmir
2. Gadsar Lake Lake of flowers Sonamarg
3. Krishnasar Sonamarg
Lake
4. Gangabal Haramukh Ganga Sonamarg
Lake
5. Nagin Lake Jewel In The Ring Srinagar
6. Wular Lake Largest fresh water lake in Srinagar
Asia
7. Manasbal Birds Paradise Srinagar
Lake
8. Pangong Lake Share international boundary Leh
with China
9. Tso Kar Lake White or Salty lake Ladakh
10. Sheshnag Pahalgam
Lake
 Important National Parks, Bird and Wildlife
Sanctuary:

National Park Famous species Place/near

Dachigam National Park Hangul(Kashmiri Stag) Srinagar
Salim Ali National Park Srinagar
Kazinag National Park Markhor(Capra falconeri) Srinagar
Kishtwar High Altitude Himalayan Snow Cock and brown
National Park bear
City Forest National Park known as Salim National Park Srinagar
(CFO)
Hemis National Park it is believed to have the highest Ladakh
density of snow leopards of any
protected area in the world
Glulmarg WLS Musk Deer Srinagar
Limber WLS Baramulla
Nandini WLS Jammu
 Important Mountains:

Mountains Heights Remarks Place/near

Karakoram & Kyunlun 8615 M Second highest peak these mountains
ranges (k2) of the world. lie to the north
and north-east of
the State
Nanga Parbat Range 8107 M It is also known as Gilgit
NAKED
MOUNTAIN or
DEO MIR or
KILLER
MOUNTAIN
Soyamji (volcanic 1860M North
mountain) Machhipura
(Handwara)
Pir Panjal Range (part 1400- J & K and
of greater Himalyan) 4100M Himachal
Pradesh
Amarnath (part of 5372 M It is Called Gander district of
Himalyan) SHESHANG as its Kashmir
peak resemble the
heads of seven big
snakes.
Harmukh (part of 5142 M It is the abode of Ganderbal
Himalyan) LORD SHIVA. District of Jammu
and Kashmir
Shiwalik Range 1500 M Shiwalik means from the Indus
TREES OF SHIVA and ends close to
and known as the Brahmaputra
MANAK PARBAT
in ancient time.
 Important Temples/Archaeological
Monuments/Sites:

S. Temples/Archaeological Remarks
No. Monuments/Sites
1. Amarnath Temple
2. Vaishno Devi Mandir Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
released coins with Maa
Vaishno Devis image on the
Head side of the coins.
3. Bahu Fort
4. Raghunath Temple temple are covered with gold
sheet on three sides while the
interiors of the temple are
plated with gold
5. Peer kho cave temple it is widely believed that
Ramayan character Jamvant
(the bear God) meditated in
this cave.
6. Panchbakhtar Temple It is one of the oldest Shivalya
in the city and the Lingam in
this temple is self manifested
(Aap Shambu).
7. Mahamaya Temple
8. Shankaracharya Temple known as Takht-I-Sulaiman
9. Hari Parbat Fort & Temple of Sharika
Devi
10. Kheer Bhawani
11. Jama Masjid Originally built by Sultan
Sikandar in 1400 AD
12. Hazratbal Mosque only domed mosque in
Srinagar
13. Khanqah of Shah Hamadan first mosque ever built
in1395 Srinagar
14. Chhatti Padshahi Gurudwara
15. Shalimar Bagh Mughal Garden
16. Chashme Shahi one of the Mughal gardens built
in 1632 ADNubra Valley, north
east of Ladakh valley
17. Thikse Monastery Leh in Ladakh
18. Shanti Stupa Buddhist white-domed stupa
on a hilltop in Chanspa, Leh
district
19. Magnetic Hill Leh
20. Leh Palace built by King Sengge Namgyal
in the 17th century
21. St. Joseph's Catholic Church It was established in 1891, by
Mill Hill Missionaries, making
it the oldest Catholic church in
Jammu and Kashmir
22. Martand Temple dedicated to Lord Surya , the
Sun God
23. Amar Mahal Palace built in the nineteenth century
for Raja Amar Singh, a Dogra
king

Important stadiums:

S. Stadium City
No.
1. Sher-i-Kashmir Srinagar
2. Bakshi Srinagar
3. Maulana Azad Jammu
 Major Airports:

S. No. Name City

1. Sheikh Ul Alam International Srinagar
airport (Srinagar airport)
2. Jammu airport Jammu
3. Leh Kushok Bakula Rimpochee Leh
Airport
4. Kargil airport
5. Poonch airport Jammu
6. Kushok Bakula Rimpochhe Leh
Airport

Constituency of Cabinet Minister:

S. Name of Minister Constituency Ministry (MoS)
No.
1. Dr. Jitendra Singh Udhampur Development of North Eastern Region
(Independent Charge)
Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions
Department of Atomic Energy
Department of Space

HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER STATIONS

1. Mohra Hydro-Electric Power Stations-
Srinagar, Sopore, Baramulla and Gulmarg towns are supplied electric power from this power station.

2. The Sind Valley Hydro-Electric Project-This project established in 1955, is near Ganderbal on the
bank of the Nullah Sind towards its east. The project is a multipurpose one. Its water is used for a
variety of purposes, like irrigation, generation of electricity, flood control, navigation, fish culture and soil
preservation.

3. The Pahalgam Hydro-Electric Project-

The river Liddar is an important tributary of the Jhelum. It has been harnessed for water power at
Pahalgam and helps in lighting tourists huts and running cottage industries.
4. Lower Jhelum Hydel Project (Sheri)-
This project for generating electricity has only one stage which generates 105 megawatts of electric
power.

ARTICLE 370:
Article 370 embodied six special provisions for Jammu and Kashmir:
It exempted the State from the complete applicability of the Constitution of India. The State was
allowed to have its own Constitution.
Central legislative powers over the State were restricted to the three subjects of defence, foreign
affairs and communications.
Other constitutional provisions of the Central Government could be extended to the State only with
the concurrence of the State Government.
The `concurrence' was only provisional. It had to be ratified by the State's Constituent Assembly.
The Government's authority to give `concurrence' lasted only until the State Constituent Assembly
was convened. Once the State Constituent Assembly finalized the scheme of powers and dispersed,
no further extension of powers was possible.
The Article 370 could be abrogated or amended only upon recommendation of the State's
Constituent Assembly.