CIVL3014 Slope Engineering

Three Basic Upgrading Measures

Lecture Notes QT9

Parametric Studies about Method 1: Filling back at toe

Three Basic Upgrading Methods
on Slope Stability Method 2: Trimming back at crest
Quentin Z Q Yue

Method 3: Reinforcing the middle
Department of Civil Engineering
The University of Hong Kong
Room: HW602
Telephone No.: 28591967
Email: yueqzq@hkucc.hku.hk

The effects are demonstrated by Slope/W on Example 1: Cohesive soil

Cohesive soil slope Example 1: Cohesive soil

Original Slope SLIP
S1
FOS
1.168
S2 1.102

Frictional soil slope

S3 1.080
S4 1.084
Existing Condition S5
S6
1.077 *critical
1.079
S7 1.083
General soil slope 24 S8 1.086

22
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8
20
18
Elevation (mPD)

16

14
12
The FOS are calculated with 10
1

8 Description: Cohesive Soil

Wt: 16

Morgenstern-Price slice method. 6

4
Cohesion: 15
Phi: 0

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70

Distance (m)

Example 1: Cohesive soil Example 1: Cohesive soil

Example 1: Cohesive soil SLIP FOS Example 1: Cohesive soil SLIP FOS
Toe Weighting S1 1.223 Trimming slope crest S1 1.713
S2 1.178 S2 1.703
S3 1.170 S3 1.607
S4 1.186 S4 1.446
S5 1.188 S5 1.309
S6 1.196 S6 1.225
S7 1.207 Trim back of slope crest S7 1.175
24 Toe Weighting S8 1.212 24 S8 1.147

22 22
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8
20 20
18 18
10kPa
Elevation (mPD)
Elevation (mPD)

16 16
14 14
12 12
10 10
Description: Cohesive Soil
1

Description: Cohesive Soil

1

8 8
Wt: 16 Wt: 16
6 Cohesion: 15 6 Cohesion: 15
Phi: 0 Phi: 0
4 4
2 2
0 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70

Distance (m) Distance (m)

QT9-1
 Example 1: Cohesive soil
Example 1: Cohesive soil Slope stability increased by:
1.8
Trim back of slope crest
1.7 Toe weighting
Example 1: Cohesive soil SLIP FOS
Soil Improvement at mid slope S1 1.379 Soil improvement at mid-slope
S2 1.261 1.6
S3 1.202

Factor of safety (Morgenstern-Price)

S4 1.198
S5 1.174 1.5
S6 1.165
Soil Improvement at mid slope S7 1.155
24 S8 1.142 1.4

22
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8
20 1.3
1

18
Elevation (mPD)

16 1.2
14 Description: Improved soil
12 Wt: 17
Cohesion: 50 1.1
10 Phi: 0
8 3

1.0
6 Description: Cohesive Soil S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8
Wt: 16 Existing Slope 1.168 1.102 1.080 1.084 1.077 1.079 1.083 1.086
4 Cohesion: 15
Phi: 0 Trim back 1.713 1.703 1.607 1.446 1.309 1.225 1.175 1.147
2
Toe weighting 1.223 1.178 1.170 1.186 1.188 1.196 1.207 1.212
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 Soil improvement 1.379 1.261 1.202 1.198 1.174 1.165 1.155 1.142
Slip Surface no.
Distance (m)

Example 2: Frictional soil Example 2: Frictional soil

Example 2: Cohesionless soil SLIP FOS

Example 2: Cohesionless soil SLIP FOS
S1 1.221
Original Slope S1 1.133 Toe Weighting
S2 1.130 S2 1.207
S3 1.217 S3 1.285
Existing Condition S4 1.346 S4 1.407
S5 1.457 S5 1.512
16 S6 1.592 16 S6 1.651

14 14
S1
S2
S3
S4 S5 S6 Toe Weighting S1
S2
S3
S4 S5 S6
12 12
Elevation (mPD)

Elevation (mPD)

10 10

8 8 10 kPa
6 6
1 1

Description: Cohesionless soil Description: Cohesionless soil

4 4 Wt: 18
Wt: 18
Cohesion: 0 Cohesion: 0
2 2
Phi: 30 Phi: 30
0 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30

Distance (m) Distance (m)

Example 2: Frictional soil Example 2: Frictional soil

Example 2: Cohesionless soil SLIP FOS

Example 2: Cohesionless soil SLIP FOS
S1 1.166
Trim back of slope crest S1 1.188 Soil improvement at mid-slope
S2 1.251 S2 1.178
S3 1.383 S3 1.266
Trim back of slope crest S4 1.563
Soil Improvement at mid slope S4
S5
1.387
1.490
S5 1.704
16 S6 1.810 16 S6 1.631

14 S1 S3 14 S1 S3
S2 S4 S5 S6 S2 S4 S5 S6
12 12
Elevation (mPD)
Elevation (mPD)

10 10 2

Description: Improved soil

Wt: 19
8 8
Cohesion: 2
Phi: 38
6 6
Description: Cohesionless soil
1

Description: Cohesionless soil

4 4 3

Wt: 18
Wt: 18
Cohesion: 0 Cohesion: 0
2 2
Phi: 30 Phi: 30
0 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30

Distance (m) Distance (m)

QT9-2
 Example 2: Frictional soil
Example 3: General soil slope
Slope stability increased by: Trim back of slope crest
Toe weighting
1.9
Soil improvement at mid-slope
1.8
Example 3: Cohesive Frictional Soil SLIP FOS
1.7 Original Slope S1 1.161
S2 1.158
Factor of safety (Morgenstern-Price)

S3 1.310
1.6 Existing Condition S4 1.480
S5 1.688
1.5 16 S6 1.886

1.4
14
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6
12

Elevation (mPD)
1.3
10
1.2
8
1.1
6 1

1.0 Description: CDG

4
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 Wt: 18
Existing Slope 1.133 1.130 1.217 1.346 1.451 1.592 Cohesion: 3
2
Trim back 1.188 1.251 1.383 1.563 1.704 1.810 Phi: 32
Toe weighting 1.221 1.207 1.285 1.407 1.512 1.651 0
Soil improvement 1.166 1.178 1.266 1.387 1.490 1.631 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30
Slip Surface no.
Distance (m)

Example 3: General soil slope Example 3: General soil slope

Example 3: Cohesive Frictional Soil SLIP FOS Example 3: Cohesive Frictional Soil SLIP FOS
Toe Weighting S1 1.216 Trim back of slope crest S1 1.231
S2 1.203 S2 1.303
S3 1.347 S3 1.526
S4
S5
1.515
1.722
Trim back of slope crest S4
S5
1.711
1.805
16
Toe Weighting S6 1.920 16 S6 1.938

14 14
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6
12 12
Elevation (mPD)

Elevation (mPD)

10 10

8 10kPa 8

6 1
6
1

Description: CDG Description: CDG

4 4
Wt: 18 Wt: 18
Cohesion: 3 Cohesion: 3
2 2
Phi: 32 Phi: 32
0 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30

Distance (m) Distance (m)

Example 3: General soil slope Example 3: General soil slope

Trim back of slope crest
Slope stability increased by:
Toe weighting
2.0 Soil improvement at mid-slope
1.9

Example 3: Cohesive Frictional Soil SLIP FOS 1.8

Soil Improvement at mid-slope S1 1.187
S2 1.183
Factor of safety (Morgenstern-Price)

1.7
S3 1.332
Soil Improvement at mid slope S4 1.501
1.6
S5 1.708
16 S6 1.908
1.5
14
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 1.4
12
Elevation (mPD)

1.3
10 2
Description: Improved soil
Wt: 18 1.2
8
Cohesion: 5
Phi: 36 1.1
6
Description: CDG 1.0
4 3

Wt: 18 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6
Cohesion: 3 Existing Slope 1.161 1.158 1.310 1.480 1.688 1.886
2 Phi: 32
Trim back 1.231 1.303 1.526 1.711 1.805 1.938
0 Toe weighting 1.216 1.203 1.347 1.515 1.722 1.920
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 Soil improvement 1.187 1.183 1.332 1.501 1.708 1.908
Slip Surface no.
Distance (m)

QT9-3