History of Computer

• Traditional Calculator and Mechanical Calculator

Abacus was the first calculator in the world. It used in Asia and Europe 5000 years ago.

In 1642 Blaise Pascal was found numerical wheel calculator or known as Pascaline, in 1649
Gottfried W. Von Leibniz was refining it. In 1820 Charles de Colmar found mechanical calculator,
Arithometer that used to help military in World war I.

The first computer has begun when Charles Babbage released a machine that could calculate
differential operation in 1822. In 1889, Herman Hollerith used perforation card principal to help
USA census bureau. In 1903, John V Atanasoff and Cliff Berry tried to create electric computer
that used algebra Boolean which created by George Boolean. However, the project ended in 1940
due to financial problem.

• Computer First Generation

First computer created by Konrad Zuse in 1941, the name was Z3, which used to controlled
Germany's air-crafts and missiles in world war II. In 1943 Alliance force was built Colossus to face
Z3, which used to breaking Germany's secret codes. In USA, Howard Aiken and IBM created other
electric calculator for US Navy. It name was Harvard-IBM Automatic Sequence Controlled
Calculator or Mark I.

In 1940, John V. Neumann designed new concept of computer. He designed Electronic Discrete
Variable Automatic Computer (EDVAC) in 1945, it has memory that could accommodated data and
programs. The main key of new computer design was the central processing unit (CPU) that
enable all process controlled by one processor.

• Computer Second Generation

In 1948, transistor found and replaced vacuum tube in many electronic equipment, that made
computer smaller and faster than previous computer. IBM-Stretch and Sperry-Rand LARC were
the examples.

Computer second generation replaced usage of machine language by assembly language. Then, it
replaced again by Common Business-Oriented Language (COBOL) and Formula Translator
(FORTRAN).

• Computer Third Generation

In this era, Quartz rock appears replaced transistors that created huge heat and potentially
damage the components in the computer. In 1958, Jack Kilby develops Integrated Circuit (IC),
combination of 3 electric components in one silicon disc that created from quartz rock.

After that, scientist was success set more component in one chip that called semiconductor. The
other advanced was the usage of Operating System.

• Computer Fourth Generation (Computer Today)

After IC found, next goal was shrink circuit components. The first innovation was Large Scale
Integration (LSI), in 1980s Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) created. Next generation was
Ultra Large Scale Integration (ULSI). That all made computer cheaper, smaller, more efficient,
and more advanced than before.

In early 1981 IBM introduced Personal Computer (PC) to general user in homes, schools, and
officers. In the development process, PC changed to smaller size, first to laptop, next to Tablet
PC, and next to Palmtop (Hand Computer).

• Computer Fifth Generation

Computer fifth generation is being develop. The similar example is HAL9000, that was created by
Arthur C. Clarke in his film 2001: A Space Odyssey. HAL9000 offers all of function that computer
needed. With artificial intelligence, HAL9000 will have self-Analise brain like human, and it enable
the computer speak with human, use visual input and learn from it's experiences.

Story Board

Narration

Background
Narration Pictures
Music
Abacus was the first calculator in the X-Japan-
world. It used in Asia and Europe 5000 Picture of Abacus Endless Rain
years ago. (Instrumental)
In 1642 Blaise Pascal was found Pictures of Blaise Pascal, Numerical Continued
numerical wheel calculator or known as Wheel Calculator, and Gottfried W. Von
Pascaline, in 1649 Gottfried W. Von Leibniz
Leibniz was refining it.
In 1820 Charles de Colmar found Pictures of Charles de Coulmar, Continued
mechanical calculator, Arithometer that Arithometer, and World War I
used to help military in World war I.
The first computer has begun when Pictures of Charles Babbage and Continued
Charles Babbage released a machine that Differential operation calculator
could calculate differential operation in
1822.
In 1889, Herman Hollerith used Pictures of Herman Hollerith and Continued
perforation card principal to help USA perforation card principles
census bureau.
In 1903, John V Atanasoff and Cliff Berry Pictures of John V. Atanasoff, Cliff Berry, Continued
tried to create electric computer that Algebra Boolean, and GOerge Boolean
used algebra Boolean which created by
George Boolean
However, the project ended in 1940 due Picture of salary Continued
to financial problem.
First computer created by Konrad Zuse in Pictures of Konrad Zuse, Z3, Swastika Ryu-
1941, the name was Z3, which used to seal, World War II Instrument
controlled Germany's air-crafts and Cheoeumbuteo
missiles in world war II. Jigeumkkaji
In 1943 Alliance force was built Colossus Picture of Colossus Continued
to face Z3, which used to breaking
Germany's secret codes.
In USA, Howard Aiken and IBM created Pictures of Howard Aiken, IBM seal, and Continued
other electric calculator for US Navy. Mark I
It name was Harvard-IBM Automatic Picture of Mark I (arvard-IBM Automatic Continued
Sequence Controlled Calculator or Mark I. Sequence Controlled Calculator)
In 1940, John V. Neumann designed new Picture of John Von Neumann Continued
concept of computer.
He designed Electronic Discrete Variable Pictures of Electronic Discrete Variable Continued
Automatic Computer (EDVAC) in 1945, it Automatic Computer (EDVAC) and
has memory that could accommodated Memory
data and programs.
The main key of new computer design Picture of central processing unit (CPU) Continued
was the central processing unit (CPU)
that enable all process controlled by one
processor.
In 1948, transistor found and replaced Pictures of Transistor and vacuum tube. Toshiro
vacuum tube in many electronic Masuda-
equipment, that made computer smaller Sarutobi
and faster than previous computer.
IBM-Stretch and Sperry-Rand LARC were Pictures of IBM-Stretch and Sperry-Rand Continued
the examples. LARC
Computer second generation replaced Picture of Common Business-Oriented Continued
usage of machine language by assembly Language (COBOL)
language.
Then, it replaced again by Common Picture of Formula Translator (FORTRAN) Continued
Business-Oriented Language (COBOL)
and Formula Translator (FORTRAN).
In this era, Quartz rock appears replaced Picture of Quartz rock and transistor Toshiro
transistors that created huge heat and Masuda-Fight
potentially damage the components in
the computer.
In 1958, Jack Kilby develops Integrated Pictures of Jack Kilby and Integrated Continued
Circuit (IC), combination of 3 electric Circuit (IC)
components in one silicon disc that
created from quartz rock.
After that, scientist was success set more Pictures of semiconductor Continued
component in one chip that called
semiconductor.
The other advanced was the usage of Pictures of Operating SYstem Continued
Operating System.
After IC found, next goal was shrink Picture of Integrated Circuit (IC) Muse-Hysteria
circuit components.
The first innovation was Large Scale Pictures of Large Scale Integration (LSI), Continued
Integration (LSI), in 1980s Very Large Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI), and
Scale Integration (VLSI) created. Next Ultra Large Scale Integration (ULSI)
generation was Ultra Large Scale
Integration (ULSI)
That all made computer cheaper, smaller, Pictures of chip Continued
more efficient, and more advanced than
before.
In early 1981 IBM introduced Personal Pictures of PC in 1981 and PC in 1991 Continued
Computer (PC) to general user in homes,
schools, and officers.
In the development process, PC changed Pictures of PC, Laptop, and Palmtop Continued
to smaller size, first to laptop, next to (Hand Computer)
Tablet PC, and next to Palmtop (Hand
Computer).
Computer fifth generation is being Picture of HAL9000 Muse-Knight of
develop. Cydonia
he similar example is HAL9000, that was Pictures of Arthur C. Clarke and 2001: A Continued
created by Arthur C. Clarke in his film Space Odysseys
2001: A Space Odyssey.
HAL9000 offers all of function that Picture of HAL9000 Continued
computer needed.
With artificial intelligence, HAL9000 will Pictures of Terminator Continued
have self-Analise brain like human, and it
enable the computer speak with human,
use visual input and learn from it's
experiences.