yekau

rgl foaYfj<| m%;sm;a;s hkak ir<j ykajkafka k h rgla wfkla rgj,a iu

fj<| lghq;= lrf.khdu i|yd wkq.ukh lrkakd jQ l%shdms<sfj;a jYfhka yeoskah yelsh'
fYaIfhka rgla foaY fj<|df m%dfhda.slj l%shd;aul jkafka flfiao hkak ms<sn| wjOdkh
fhduqlsfuka rgl foaY fj<| m%;sm;a;sfha iajrEmh ykd.; yelsh'

foaY fj<| m%;sm;a;sh ms<sn| ie<lSf fuh fYaIfhka rf foaYmd,k wldh

fyj;a rch iska wkq.ukh lrkakd jQ wdl m%;sm;a;sh yd inkaO mj;skakls' fYaIfhka rgl
n,hg m;ajk foaYmd,k mlaIfha fyda tu rg ;=< oe f,i ms<s.kakd u;jdofha isg foaY fj,|
m%;sm;a;sh ;srKh lsula olakg we;' ksoiqkla jYfhka lshqndj jeks rgj, iudcjd wl
m%;sm;a;shla ms<s.kakd ksid Tjqka ;u foaY fj<| m%;sm;a;s ta wkqj ;srKh lrhs'

YS% ,xldf uE; ld,sk yd fuf;la ls%hd;aul jq wdl m%;sm;a;s u; mokj ysjq
foaY fj<| m%;sm;a;s ldKav lsysmhla ykd.; yelsh' tajd k"

01 hg;a ; jD; wdl m%;sm;a;sh u; mok jq foaY fj<| m%;sm;a;sh ^1948-1956&

02 wNHka;rdjf,dalk wdl m%;sm;a;sh u; mok jq foaY fj<| m%;sm;a;sh ^1957-1977&

03 ndysrdjf,dlk wdl m%;sm;a;sh u; mok jq foaY fj<| m%;sm;a;sh ^1978-2005&

04 uyskao ka;kh ^2005 isg f olajd&

fuu m%;sm;a;s foi iQlaIuj n,k g fmkShkafka Y%S ,xld wKavq n,h ys foaYmd,k
mlaIh fyda lKavdhf u;jdoh wkqj foaY fj<| m%;sm;a;sh ;srKh fldg we;s njhs' tfiau
foaYdNsudkh ksiqkaf.a flld,sk wjYH;d foaYmd,ksl jYfhka jdisiy.; ;;ajhka i,ld foaY
fj<| m%;sm;a;Ska fjkialsula ,xld b;sydih ;=< oel.; yelsh'

flfia kuq;a wdKavq udrejkg foaY fj<| m%;sm;a;s fjkiaula ;snqk o ,xldf
wmkhk f;%h wrdcHjdka ksudKh l< foaj,ska Tng hEug ;ju;a wiu;a we;' fYaIfhka
f;a"fmd,a"rn jeks m%d:l NdKavka m%uLq lr.kska ;ju;a foaY fj,|du lrf.khk ;;ajhla
olakg ,ef' frms<s wmkhkh ms<sn| uE;ld,Sk m%.;shla w;alrf.k ;snq w;r j;udkh jk g
O fya;=ka ksid tu ludka;ho miqneiSf wjhlg t<U we;'

fYaIfhka YS% ,xldf mj;sk O jq u;jdohka fya;=fjka ia:r S jq foaY fj<|

m%;sm;a;shla l%shdkaul lrf.khdug fkdyels ;;ajhla we;' foaYmd,ksl jYfhka olaYskdxIsl iy
jdudxYsl jYfhka fukau uOHia: jYfhka fldgia j,g fn mej;Su fuhg m%Odk;u fya;=jls' h
olaIsKdxYsl fj<| m%;am;a;shla l%shd;aul lsug hdf thg oefrdOhla jdudxYsl lKavdh u.ska
t,a, u fya;=fjka tu m%;sm;a;sh fjkia lsug isf' fujeks jd;djrKhla u; iska YS% ,xldf
fj,| m%;sm;a;s ;srKh l<hq;=h'

flfia kuq;a fuu fya;= idOlhkq;a mok lr.kska ,xld b;sydifha m%Odk jYfhka
lemSfmfkk wdl m%;sm;a;s y;rla iy tu.ska fjkig ,la jq foaY fj<| m%;sm;a;Ska ms<sn| fYaI
wjOdkhla fhduqlsrsu;a" tu.ska rf foaY fj<|ug isjq n,mEu;a" j;udk foaY fj<| m%;s;a;s;a
;=,ska w;alr .ekSug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkakd jq wkd.; m%.;Ska ms<sn|j .%ylsu;a" ,xldf uE; ld,sk
foaY fj<| m%;sm;a;s .%ylsrsu ;=,ska n,dfmdfrd;a;=f'

1
 ^01& hg;a cs; jD; wd:sl m%;sm;a;sh hgf;a foaY fjf<| m%;sm;a;s
^1948- 1956&

Y%S ,xldf foaY fjf<| m%;sm;a;S;a .ek i<ld ne,Sf b;d jeo.;a
ikaia:dkhla f,i hg;a ; jD; wdl m%;sm;a;sh hgf;a foaY fjf<|du l%shd;aul jQ wdldrh
jeo.;af' 1948 jIfha Y%S ,xldjg ksoyi ,efnk g hg;a ; wdlfhka Y%S ,xld wdlhg
Wreu jq ,laIK rdYshla mj;S' ta w;r foaY fjf<|du inkaO fYaI m% ;sm;a;s uid ne,Sf my;
lreKq l.; yelsh'

wdkhk wmkhk wdl rgdj' tjl Y%S ,xldf lDIs wmkhk fNda.h jQ f;a" fmd,a yd rn
wmkhk i|yd f,dal fjf<|m, hym;a h' 1950-51 we;s jQ fldhdkq hqoaOh;a" 1954-55 ld,fha
f;a , by< heu;a ksid Y%S ,xldf wmkhk bmhS jeh'
uq wkhkfhka 80] mdfNda.sl NdKav wdkhkh lsu' tu mdfNdack NdKavj,ska Yd,
m%udKhla iykdOdr f,i fnodu'
j;= wdlh mok lr.;a wmkhk jHqyhla l%shd;aul lsu'

jeks fYaIs; ,laIK fuu ld,fha l .; yelsh'

flfia kuq;a 1948 yd 1956 ld,fha hg;a ; jD; wd:sl m%;sm;a;sh

ls%hd;aul jqjo tjl md,lhska l, jeros my; mrsos yoqkd .eksug mqjks'

wd:sl jOkfha uQ,sl idOlh jq ldlrKh fkdi,ld yersu'

j;= wd:slh ksid fydoska jecUqKq md,lhska je,s wd:slh mokus lr .;a wmkhk
jHqyh fyda ksIamdok jHqyh fjkia lsrsug lghq;q fkdlsrsu'
n, f,daNS foaYmd,kh ksid iqN idOk ho mq,a lsrsu'
lDIslufhka iajhxfmdaIs; u ;=,ska .%dh lDIs wxYh oshqKq fldg luslre jHdmdr
oshqKq u je,ela u' tfy;a wjidkfha is jqfha lDIs ldl m%;sm;a;sh wkq.ukh l,
iqN idOk m%;sm;a;s iu. .e lDIsluh wvmk u;a foaY ix; ;j oqrg;a my;
jeuhs'
fuys wjika m%;m s ,h jqfha hg;a ;jdos m%;sm;a;sfhka osug is uhs'
hg;a ;jdos m%;sm;a;sfhka ,nd.;a ldhidokh my; mrsos f' 1951 o< foaYsh ksIamdokh 6'2
o 1953 o< foaYh s ksIamdokh 1'9 la h' tfukau 1956 os tu w.h 5'9 olajd je h' fuys wjika
m%;sm,h jqfha wd:sl jOkh 4'2] la muKla jd;d uhs' wvq WoaOukhla mej;s w;r fiajd
jHqla;s ;;ajhla u;= ke;' f.jq ;=,kh jir follos yer wfkla jirj, w;srsla;hla
jd;d lr;sf' ksoyiska miq whjeh w;srsla;h;a jd:d jq jirj,a jYfhka 1954 yd 1955 oela
h yelsh'

2
 ^02& wNH;a;rdjf,dalk wdl m%;sm;a;sh hgf;a foaY fjf<| m%;Sm;a;shka
^1956-1977&
1960 ueo Nd.fha ,xlf foaY fjf<| m%;sm;a;sh fuhg w;qj yev.eiqks '
tu ld,fha furg foaY ix;h isoShdu;a foaY fj<o wkqmd;h wjdisodhl u;a u; thg ms<shula
f,i fuu wdhd; wdfoaYk ldlrK Wmdh ud. ;+,g keTqrej fyj;a wNHh;a;r wNsuqL
m%;sm;a;sh ls%hd;aul lrk ,os' 1960 -1965 yd 1971- 1976 o f,i ls%hd;aul jq w;r 1966 -1970 ld,fha
,sys,a f,i ls%hd;aul h' fuu ld,fha os furg mej;s foaYmd,k ;;ajh fuu foaY m%;Sm;a;sh we;su
flfrys n,mdk ,os wNHdka;r wdfoaYk hkq tf;la wdkhk lrk ,o NdKavh foaYShj ksmojd
.eksuhs' f hgf;a iqfLdamfNda.S hehs ie,l+ iuyr NdKaav wdkhkh imqKfhka ;yyk lrk
,os' ;j;a iuyr NdKav n,m;%hla hgf;a wdkhkh lsrsug wjir fok ,os' we; NdKav j,g
wl ;Sre n whlrk ,os' foaYSh ludka; j,g wjYH wka; yd wdfhdack NdKav wkhkhg
iykodhS ;SrE n mkjk ,os' kuh wkqmd;h ia:djr lrk ,os'
fuysoS foaYSh ksIamdolhskag iykodh uq,H myiql ,ndfok ,os'
wNH;a;r wNsuqL wd:sl m%;sm;a;sh hgf;a rdcH wxYh flfrys je fhduq lrk w;r
fm!oa.,sl wxYh flfrys wjOdkh wvqh' f hgf;a foaYSh im;a Wmfhdckh jeh' foaYSh
ksuh b;+re lr.eksu" fiajdkshqla;sh by, heu" f.jq fYaI wiu;+,s;d ke;slr.eksug f
m%;sm;a;sh l%shd;aul h' fuu wruqKq bgqlr .ekSug by, ;SrE n" wdkhk iSud ls"wdkhk mx.="
ksuh md,k jeks WmlrKo ksuh wkqmd; m%;sm;a;sh hgf;a ia:djr ksuh wkamd; l%uhlao
l%Shd;aul flKs'
wNH;a;r wNsuL q wd:sl m%;sm;a;sh f wdldrhg ls%hd;aul
jqjo tys oel.; yels j,;d lsysmhls' tk ho wl u yd .=K;ajfhka wvq NdKav ksmou
"tfiau wfmalaIs; fiajd kshqla;sh by, fkdheu " ;dlaIKsl {dkh wmg fkd.e,mSu" fjf<| m, iS;
u" " cd;sl im;a ldhlaIu yd M,odhs f,i Wmfhda.s lr fkd.ekSu ksid wldhlaaIu ludka;
ysu wd:sl jOkh wvd, u" ksImd;j, wl wdkhk fhojq msjehla wka;.; u"
ldlrK m%;sm;a;s u.ska b iy miq inkaO;d iys; NdKav ksIamdokhla we;s fkdu jeks j,;d
lsh yelsh'

fuu ld,fhaos mej;s foaYmd,k kdhl;ajhka yd oYkhka wkqj rf wd:sl

m%;sm;a;sh fjkia h' th rgl ixjOkhg t;r ys;lr ;;ajhla fkdf' rgg wjYHjk M,odhs
wd:sl m%;sm;a;s ls%hd;aul l< hq;= w;r foaYmd,k wruqKq mgq wdl,amj,ska f;drh hq;=h'

^03& ndysrdjf,dalkh wdl m%;sm;a;sh hgf;a foaY fj<| m%;sm;a;Ska

^1978-2005&
ldhidokh iy m%;sm;a;suh uq,Ou j,;d fya;=fldgf.k we;=<;g fhduq
jQ wdl m%;sm;a;shg jvd jD; fyj;a ndysrdNsuqL wd:sl m%;sm;a;shl wjYH;djh fkkakg jQfhka
1977 w.nd.fha n,hg m;a wdKaavqj fuu m%;sm;a;sh l%shdjg kxjkakg h' NdKav yd fiajd wmkhk
fjf<|m, ioyd ksIamdok lsu ldlrKh ;=,ska wd:sl jOkh f.j;a lsrsu fuys fuu
m%;sm;a;sfha yrh f'
flfia kuq;a Y%S ,xldj fuu m%;sm;a;sh l%shd;aul l%sug mgka .kakd g we;e rgj,a fuu
m%;sm;a;sh l%shd;aul lr fndfyda l,ah' tfia jD; wdl m%;sm;a;s wkq.ukh l< rgj,g iudk
m%;sm;a;s f.dkakla Y%S ,xldj o wkq.ukh flKs' fuu m%;sm;a;s f.dkak ;=< jQ fYaI foaY fjf<|
m%;sm;a;Ska lsysmhla ykd .; yelsh' ta w;r"
mej;s md,k hgf;a wd:slfha mj;ajdf.k .sfha oe , lD;s fjkia fldg Y%S ,xld
remsh, i|yd ;:H kuh wkqmd;hla mj;ajdf.k hEu' fuys n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQfha

3
 tf;la mej;s ia:djr ksuh wkqmd;sl l%uh fjkqjg p, ksuh wkqmd;hla
ykajduhs' ia:djr ksuh wkqmd;slh hgf;a foaYSh uqof,a foaY w.h jD;
fj<|mf,a mj;skjdg jvd by< ugul fyj;a w ;lafiare ugul mej;Su
fya;=fldg f.k wmkhklrejka wffOh ula is jQ w;r" ^wmkhklreg wvq foaYsh
uqo,a m%udKhla ysjk ksid&mdfjk ksuh wkqmd;slhla ;=<ska foaYh s uqof,a foaY
w.h" foaY ksuh b,au yd iemhqu u; ;srKh u ksid wmkhklreg ta u.ska je
foaYsh uqo,a m%udKhla ysfuka wmkhklre ffOhu;a ula isf' wfkla w;g
f.jq fYaIfha iajhxl%Sh ;=,khlao p, ksuh wkqmd;sl m%;sm;a;shla hgf;a wfmalaId
flf'

wdkhk ,sys,a lsuo ;j;a wx.hls' f hgf;a tf;la ;snq wdkhk mx.= l%uh ksuh
md,k Wml%u hgf;a ;snQ fkdfhl=;a ;yx bj;a h' tfy;a w;jYH wdkhk
wffOhu;a lsug f l%uh hgf;a jqjo h h Wml%u fhdod.ekSKs' wdkhk ,sys,a
lsu fya;=fldg f.k ksIamdok lghq;= myiqfjka yd ldhlaIuj lrf.k hEug
fuf;la ;snQ ndOl bj;a flKs' wfkla w;g fuf;la ;snq NdKav ys ke;s fldg
NdKav iq<N;djla we;s lsug o tu m%;sm;a;sh rel=<la h' tfiau Bg fmr ;snQ
wdkhk md,k Wml%u hgf;a is jQ O IK f ksid fndfyda rg bj;a lr .ekSug
yelsh'

foaY wdfhdackh i|yd ys;lr jd;djrKhla we;s lsu ;j;a wx.hls' f i|yd
wdfhdack m%jOk l,dm msysgqu o tfiau wdfhdck wdrlaIK .siqu we;slr .ekSuo
jeo.;a fldg i,lk ,' foaY wdfhdck fya;=fldg f.k foaYsh ksImdok jvd;a
ldhlaIuj l< yels jkjd muKla fkdj ldl wmkhk .ekau yd foaY
fjf<|fmd<j,a ms<sn| kqu mq,a uo is f

jeks m%;sm;a;Ska f
flfia kuq;a Wla; ioyka l< m%;sm;a;Ska 1977-88 olajd ld,h ;=< wdl
ia:dhslrK yd jHqyd;aul .e,mS wjYH;dj bgqlsug fhdod.;a m%;sm;a;s f,i yekah yelsh' ta wkqj
bkamiq ;;ajh ;=< foaY fj<o m%;sm;a;Skays m%;sixialrKhkaf.ka we;sjq ;;ajh uid ne,Sf f.jq
;=,kfha j;k .sKqf lghq;= inkaOfhka ksuh md,k ksoyia lsu" fmdfydr hkd wdkhk
NdKav i|yd fjf<|fmdf<a , .Kka ksoyia lsu" im%Odhsl wmkhk i|yd jq n bj;a lsu"
wmkhkhg fhduq jQ jOkhla i|yd remshf,a ndysr w.h wjm%udKh lsu" wdkhk u; Wmu kdl
n 100] isg 50] g wvq lsu jeks m%;s m;a;ska l%shd;aul ks'

1977 w. N.fha isg 2005 w. olajd ndysrdjf,dalk wd:sl m%;sm;a;sh hgf;a wd:slh
ls%hd;aul jq w;r th fmr mej;s ;;ajhg jvd hym;a h rcfha ueosy;a u hgf;a wd:sl jOkh 2''5
-4] w;r fuu m%;sm;a;sh hgf;a th 5] je h' furg wdkhk wmkhk fjf<o ixhq;sh fuu
m%;sm;a;sh hgf;a oe fjkilg ,la h' wdkhk n wvq lsu jeks m%;sm;a;s yryd foaYSh
mdfNda.slhkag je mdfNdack wjia:d ys jqjo foaYh
s lDIsludka; ksIamdokhkag ;rul whym;a
n,mEula t,a, h'

4
 ^04& uyskao ka;kh

uyskao ka;k m%;sm;a;s ;=,ska rf ixjOk wruqKq bgq lr.ekSf b;d jeo.;a
idj wdl WmlrKhla f,i foaY fj<odu olS tfiau tu.ska foaY fj<odug iqiq mirhla
f.dvke.Su ;dlsl whqka ;s/ n m%;sm;a;s l%shd;aul lsu foaY wdfhdack .ekafjk whqka
lghq;= lsu wdh ;=,ska cd;sl ixjOk rduqjg b;d jeo.;a f,i foaY fj<odu fhdod .ekSug
n,dfmdfrd;a;= we;

uyskao ka;k oi wjqre ie,eiau ;=,ska YS% ,xldf wdlh f.da,Sh fj<om,
yd ixl,kh u jelsug ;on, W;aiyhla .ekSug ls%hdud.f.k we; f,dl fj<o ixOkfha
uq,Ouhkag wkql=,j hka ;jrg;a ndysrdNsuqL fj<o m%;sm;a;sh ls%hd;aul lrka ;u ksIamdokhka
foaY fj<om,g m%fYf bvlv mq,a lsug;a f,dl wdlh yd ixl,kh ug;a W;aiy .ekSug
uyskaok ka;k oi wjqre ie,eiau ;=,ska n,dfmdfrd;a;= we;

f wdldrfhka lghq;= lrka Y%S ,xldj wLKavj ;u ;Sre n jHqyh ,sys,a

lrka foaY iDcq wdfhdack ffOhu;a lrka rf h;, myiql jOkhg;a /lshd wjia:d ys
lrka rf ksuejqu mq,a lsug;a lghq;= lsuhs uE; ld,Skj uyskao ka;k m%;sm;a;s hgf;a we;sl<
jeo.;au ;sre n m%jOk m%;sm;a;sh jQfha ldKav 03la hgf;a ;sre n jHqyhla ykajd uhs ^ 5] 15] iy
30]& fuh 2010 cqks ui isg n,meje;ah

tfukau Y%S ,xldj nyqmdIh ne mj;ajdf.k hk w;ru l,dmSh

inka|;d iy oamdYh ne il%Sh f,i mj;ajdf.k hdug lghq;= lrhs rf wkd.; ixjOkhg
iqiqu m%;sm;a;sh w;f nyqmdIh ugf kso Ndjfhka yd wmlaImd;S f,i nyqmdIh fj<o
moaO;sh jv jvd;a ,sys,a lrka lghq;= lrk w;r ixjOkh jk rgj,ays wjYH;d ms<sn| je
ie,ls,a,la olajka lghq;= lsug uyskao ka;kh hgf;a mshjr f.k ;sf

tfia Y%S ,xldj l%shdYs,s f,i fodayd ixjOk kHdh m;%h bgqlsugla olakg
,ef fuu kHh m;%hg wkqj lDISluh NAMA, TRIPS iy foaY fj<odu myiqls jeks ldhka
ukdj Y%S ,xldj bgqlrka mj;s flfia kuq;a Y%S ,xldj Y=oaO wdydr wdkhk ixjOkh jk rgla njg
m;a ;sf fuhg fya;= f,i ,fxlSh f.dkaf.a wdydr iqrlaIs; l%uhka weiqre l%uhka fkdhqKq
ugf my;a ;;ajhl mej;Su;a wjOk iys; l=vd lDIsldl l%u u; / mej;Su;a nj uyskao
ka;k m%;sm;a;s ;, ykdf.k we; ta flfia fj;;a f ;;ajh ;=, Y%S ,xldjg kuHYS,s ;sre n
l%uhl wjYH;djh ykdf.k ;sf

tfiau GSP jeks fhdackd l%uhka os.=ld,sk jYfhka n,dfmdfrd;a;= fkdh

yels nj;a ta u; .ska .gu hemSh f;dyels nj;a f;aref.k tu iykfhka ,efnkakd jq m%;s,dNhka
ldfhlaIu f,i ixjOkhg uq,H wxYhg iy ixjOkh jk rgj, wjYH;d ioyd wjYH f,ii
lid .ekSug ffOhu;a lsug fhdodf.k lghq;= lsug mshjr f.k we; tu iyk lsisgl;a

5
foaYmd,ksl wruqKq Tiafia .,d hdug Wmfhda.s fkdlsug lghq;= lsug fuu m%;sm;a;sh hgf;a W;aiy
.kS

tfia Y%S ,xld rch ksr;=/ju ;u foaY fj<odu hqKq lsf m%;smlalskag
Okd;aul iyhla ;u yjq,aldr rgj,aj,ska n,dfmdfrd;a;= f WodyrKf,it h uE;ld,Skj kh
rch iu tl;= islrka mj;sk njla fmfkkag we;

uyskao ka;k m%;sm;a;s hgf;a Y%S ,xldj ;rfha Yajdi lrkqfha l,dmSh
fj<odu iy wdl iyfhd.s;dj nyqmdIh ksoyia fj<odu Yla;su;a lsf .uka u i,iajk njhs
fuu moku u; isg Y%S ,xldj ol=Kq wdish;sl fj<o l,dmh iy wdishdkq *eismsla fj<o .siqu hk
l,dmSh ixOdkhkays l%shdld iudlfhl= ug W;iy orhs

flfia kuq;a 1977 wmkhk wNsuqL ludka; i|yd W;aiy oeu;a iutys
mej;S wvqmdvq uyrjka tk b;d iq m%udKhl ksIamdok bm;a lsu jeks lreKq ldrKd foi
fYaI wkOkhla fhduq lr tu wxYhka hqKq lsug mshjr .kska foaY fj<o m%;sm;a;s Yaf,aIKh
lr .siq j,g t,U th l%shd;aul lrka wdmkhk Odx.slrKhka ;rld;ajh jOkh ;=,ska tu
j,;d u yrjd .ekSug lghq;= lsug fm< we; fYaIfhka wdishdkq ixjOk nexl=f m%Odk
uq,H iemhqlrejk cmdkh jeks rgj,ays fkdu| iyh ,la rch ,nd .ekSug j;udkfha mshjr f.k
we; g wu;rj bkahdj kh jeks rgj,ays iyh ,nd.ekSug o mshjr f.k ;sf

;dlaIKsl kfjd;amdokhka yslsu;a fm!oa.,sl wxYfha wdfhdck je lsu;a

rdcH fiajfha Wiia ;;ajhg f.k tu;a l=vd yd uOH mudK ludka; .ekau;a iy fm!oa.,sl yd
rdcH wxYhkaf.a inkaO;djh ffOhu;a lsu;a fYaI jq uq,sldx.hka f,i i,ld lghq;= lsula
j;udk m%;sm;a;s ;=,ska oel .; yelsh fYaIfhka wmkhk wxYfha h;, myiql jOkhg
m%uqL;djh u o jeo.;a ;;ajhls

6
 ^05& j;udk fj<o m%;sm;a;Ska ksid foaY fj<o wxYfha we;s jq m%;sM,hka
NdKav fjf<|du iy fjf<| fYaIh

2012 jir ;=< oS ls%hd;aul lrk ,o m%;sm;a;suh ls%hdud.j, m%;sM,hla f,i tu

jif wvq jQ fjf<| .sKqf ysh 2013 m<uq udi wg ;=< ;jrg;a wLKavj wvq h' f.da,Sh
b,au wvqu iy fjf<| jHhkaf.a cd;Hka;r , .Kka my; jeu fya;=fjka wmkhk wdodhu
my; jegqK kuq;a wdkhk hou Yd, f,i my; jeu" 2013 m<uq udi wg ;=< fjf<| ysh
ie,lsh hq;= f,i wvq ug fya;= h'

2012 ud;= udifha isg fmr jif wkqrEm ld,mfoh iu. ieif my; jegq Kq
wmkhk wdodhu" 2013 cqks udifha isg Okd;aul jOkhla jd;d lrk ,' flfia jqjo" 2013 m<uq
udi wg ;=< iuq; wmkhk wdodhu fmr jif wkqrEm ld,mfoh iu. ieif t'c'fvd,
,shk 6"437 la olajd ishhg 1'0 lska iq jYfhka my; jegqKs' uq wmkhkj,ska ishhg 75 lg jvd
je odhl;ajhla ,ndfok ldl iy Lksc wmkhk my; jeu f i|yd fndfyda fihska fya;= h'

lDIsldl wmkhk wdodhu hym;a jOkhla jd;d l< w;r m%Odk

lDIsldl fjf<| jHhkaf.a wmkhk mudjka by<hdu f i|yd m%Odk jYfhka fya;= h'
lDIsldl wmkhkhkaf.ka ishhg 74 lg muK odhl;ajhla ,ndfok f;a iy l=nvq
wmkhkj, by< jOkh fya;=fjka 2013 jif m<uq udi wg ;=< lDIsldl wmkhk
wdodhu fmr jif wkqrEm ld,mfoh iu. ieif t'c'fvd, ,shk 1"598 la olajd
ishhg 5'8 lska jOkh h' idudkH , iy wmkhk mudj hk foflysu jOkh fya;=fjka
fuu ld,mfoh ;=< f;a wmkhk wdodhu t'c'fvd, ,shk 963 la olajd ishhg 8'1 lska
jOkh jQ w;r l=nvq wmkhk wdodhu t'c'fvd, ,shk 213 la olajd ishhg 33'7 lska
jOkh h' 2013 jif m<uq udi wg ;=< wmkhkh lrk ,o f;a lsf,da .%Euhl idudkH ,
t'c'fvd, 4'68 la jQ w;r" 2012 jif wkqrEm ld,mfoh ;=< f;a 54 lsf,da .%Euhl
idudkH wmkhk , t'c'fvd, 4'37 la f,i jd;d h' l=f" tlai;a wrd t rdcHh iy ;=lsh
hk rgj,g l< f;a wmkhkj, ie,lsh hq;= jOkh iuia; f;a wmkhk mudf jeug m%Odk
jYfhka odhl h' l=re wmkhkj, ukao.d ls%hdld;ajh yuqf jqjo" .ia iy lrdnq ke
wmkhk mudf by< jOkh" l=nvq wmkhk wdodhf ie,lsh hq;= jOkhg fya;= h' flfia
jqjo" f.da,Sh b,af wvqu iy cd;Hka;r , .Kka my; jeu iu. M,odj wvqu o ms<sUq lrka
2013 m<uq udi wg ;=< rn iy fmd,a wmkhk wdodhu wLKavj my; jegqKs' 2013 m<uq udi wg ;=<
rn lsf,da .%Euhl idudkH , t'c'fvd, 3'15 la olajd my; jegqK w;r 2012 wkqrEm
ld,mfofha tu w.h t'c'fvd, 3'57 la h' fmd,a uo ksIamd;j, idudkH , 2012 m<uq udi
wg ;=< f.hla i|yd jQ t'c'fvd, 0'23 isg 2013 wkqrEm ld,mfofha t'c'fvd, 0'21 la olajd
wvq h' rn iy fmd,a wmkhk mudj o ie,lsh hq;= f,i wvq h' ta wkqj" rn wmkhk wdodhu
t'c'fvd, ,shk 46'5 la olajd ishhg 49'4 lska wvq jQ w;r" fmd,a wmkhk wdodhu t'c'fvd, ,shk
121'5 la olajd ishhg 15'6 lska my; jegqKs' wfkl=;a lDIsldl ks Iamd; w;=ka t<j" ilia fkdl<
fld<" iq lDIsldl ksIamd; iy uqyqwdydr wmkhk wdodh 2013 m<uq udi wg ;=< ie,lsh
hq;= f,i jOkh fjka iuia; lDIsldl wmkhk jOkhg odhl h'

2013 m<uq udi wg ;=< m%Odk ldl ksIamd; fndfydauhl wmkhk fukau
Lkscuh wmkhk o my; jegqKq w;r f.da,Sh b,au j, ;;a;ajhl mej;Su f i|yd m%Odk jYfhka
fya;= h' frms<s yd we. wmkhk jvd hym;a ls%hdld;ajhla fmkajqjo" uq wmkhk wdodhfuka
y;frka ;=kla muK jk ldl wmkhk wdodhu t'c'fvd, ,shk 4"815 la olajd ishhg 2'8 lska
my; jegqKs' uq wmkhkhkaf.ka ishhg 40 lg jvd odhl;ajhla ,nd fok frms<s yd we
wmkhk wdodhu fuu ld,mfofha t'c'fvd, ,shk 2"740 la olajd ishhg 2'6 lska jOkh h'
fjf<|fmd< Odx.SlrKh iy ksIamdok ls%hdj,sfha by< wka;hkays ls%hdj,Ska fj; je wjOdkh
fhduq lsu" frms<s yd we ludka;fha Yla;su;a ls%hdld;ajhg odhl h' rn ksIamd; iy
ueKsla" huka;s yd iajKdNrK wmkhkj, j,j, ls%hdld;ajh ldl wmkhk wvqug m%Odk
jYfhka odhl h' rn ksIamd; wmkhkfhka ,o wdodhu t'c'fvd, ,shk 543 la olajd ishhg 7'6

7
lska o" ueKsla" huka;s iy iajKdNrK wmkhkfhka ,o wdodhu t'c'fvd, ,shk 301 la olajd
ishhg 25 lska o wvqjQ w;r" cd;Hka;r fjf<|fmdf<ys rn iy r;%x , .Kkays is jQ ie,lsh hq;=
my; jeu f i|yd m%Odk jYfhka fya;= h' wfkl=;a ldl wmkhk ie,l+ g" m%jdyk WmlrK"
mska ue ksIamd; iy i NdKav" ixpdrl NdKav yd mdjyka hk ldKavhka yer wfkl=;a m%Odk
ldKavhka ish,a,u RKd;aul jOkhka jd;d lrk ,' 2013 m<uq udi wg ;=< Lksc wmkhk o
t'c'fvd, ,shk 54'7 olajd ishhg 15'4 lska my; jegqKs'

wdkhk md,kh lsrSu i|yd 2012 jif oS .kq ,enQ m%;sm;a;suh l%shdud.hkag
m%;spdr lau iy fjf<| jHhkays cd;Hka;r , .Kka my< hdu fya;=fjka m%Odk wdkhk
ldKavhka ish,a,lu wdkhk ho 2013 m<uq udi wg ;=< wLKavj my; jegqKS' fuu ld,h
;=< wdkhk hou miq.sh jif iu ld,mrsfohg idfmalaIj t'c'fvd, ,shk 12"435 la
olajd ishhg 3'3 lska wvq h' wdkhkhkays ixhq;sh ie,l+ g" mdfNda.sl NdKav wdkhk
hou ishhg 0'7 lska iq jYfhka je jqjo" uq wdkhk hofuka ishhg 83 lg;a jvd je
m%udKhla jk wka; NdKav iy wdfhdack NdKav i|yd jQ ho ms<sfj<ska ishhg 3'2 lska
iy ishhg 6'1 lska my; jegqK's fuu ld,mfoh ;=< bkaOk yer wfkl=;a NdKav i|yd jQ
wdkhk hou t'c'fvd, ,shk 9"122 la olajd ishhg 3'6 lska wvq h'

uq wdkhk hofuka ishhg 16 la muK jk mdfNda.sl NdKav wdkhk

hou" 2012 jif wkqrEm ld,mfohg idfmalaIj 2013 jif m<uq udi wg ;=< t'c'fvd,
,shk 2"100 la olajd ishhg 0'7 lska iq jYfhka je h' wdydr yd mdk wdkhk hou t'c'fvd,
,shk 942 la olajd ishhg 4'3 lska je jQ w;r ta i|yd t<j" uqyq wdydr iy f;,a yd fo wdkhk
i|yd jQ hou by< hdu fya;= h' flfia jqjo" fuu ld,mfofha iSks yd rile,s" ls
ksIamd; iy mdka j. i|yd jQ wdkhk hou wvqh' f w;r" m%Odk jYfhka r:jdyk
wdkhkfha isjQ ishhg 7'5 l wvq u fya;=fjka wdydruh fkdjk mdfNda.sl NdKav
wdkhk t'c'fvd, ,shk 1"158 la olajd ishhg 2'1 lska wvq h' w;HjYH fkdjk fjf<|
NdKav wdkhkh wffOhu;a lsu i|yd mkjkq ,enQ m%;sm;a;suh ls%hdud. fya;=fjka r:jdyk
wdkhk hou m<uq udi my ;=< wvq jqjo" t'c'fvd,rhg idfmalaIj cmka fhka iy
bkahdkq remsh, wjm%udKh u fya;=fldg f.k r:jdyk wdkhk hou 2013 cqks udifha isg
wf.daia;= udih olajd ld,h ;=< je h'

g wu;rj uq wdkhkj,ska ishhg 60 la muK jk wka; NdKav wdkhk hou

miq.sh jif tu ld,mfohg idfmalaIj 2013 m<uq udi wg ;=< t'c'fvd, ,shk 7"484
la olajd ishhg 3'2 lska wvq h' 2013 m<uq udi wg ;=< wdfhdack NdKav wdkhkh i|yd
jQ hou" t'c'fvd, ,shk 2"842 la olajd ishhg 6'1 lska my< .sfhah' iuq; w.hka ie,l+
g wmkhk wdodhfuys wvqug jvd je m%udKhlska wdkhk hou wvqu fya;=fjka 2013
m<uq udi wg ;=< fjf<| ysh wvqh'

fjf<| , wkqmd;h

2013 m<uq udi wg ;=< fjf<| , wkqmd;h idudkH jYfhka 2012 jif tu
ld,mfohg idfmalaIj jvd;a ys;lr ugula olajd jOkh h' YS% ,xldf wmkhk NdKavj,
, ug my< hdug jvd je f.hlska m%Odk wdkhk ldKav rdYshl , .Kka my<
hdu" fjf<| , wkqmd;h jOkh ug rel=,la h' 2013 m<uq udi wg ;=< m%Odk
wdkhk ldKavhka ish,af,ysu , .Kka my< hdu fya;=fjka wdkhk , oYlh ishhg 4'0
lska my< .sfhah' 2013 m<uq udi wg ;=< wka; NdKav yd Lksc jH wmkhk , .Kkays my<
hdula fmkakq lrka YS% ,xldf wmkhk , oYlh ishhg 2'3 lska wvq h' fuu m%jK;djhkays
m%;sM,hla f,i" 2013 ckjd isg wf.daia;= olajd ld,h ;=< fjf<| , wkqmd;h 2012 iu
ld,mfohg idfmalaIj oYl wxl 90'5 la olajd idudkH jYfhka ishhg 1'8 lska jOkh h'

8
 fiajd fjf<|du

2013 jif m<uq Nd.h ;=< fiajd .sKqfuys w;sla;h wLKavj jOkh h'
2012 jif wkqrEm ld,mfoh ;=< t'c' fvd, ,shk 596 la f,i jd;d jQ fiajd .sKqfuys
w;sla;h m%jdyk" ixpdrl iy m.Kl yd f;dr;=re fiajd Wm wxYhkays jOkh jQ
l%shdld;ajh fya;=fjka 2013 jif m<uq Nd.h ;=< t'c' fvd, ,shk 787 l w;sla;hla
olajd ishhg 32'1 lska jOkh h' u.S .dia;=" ke l=,S" jrdh yd .=jka f;dgqfmd< wdY%s;
fiajdjkaf.ka iuka; m%jdyk fiajd i|yd jQ o< ,e" jif m<uq Nd.h ;=< t'c' fvd, ,shk
906 la olajd ishhg 10'8 l i;=gqodhl jOkhla fmkakq lf<ah' Y%S ,xlka .=jka iud.u iy
wfkl=;a .=jka iud.j,g wh;a .=jka hdkd u.ska .uka l< u.Ska ixLHdj by< hdu iy Y%S
,xlka .=jka iud.u iska .uka .dia;= by< kexu fya;=fjka u.S .dia;= u; jQ ,e ishhg 19'2
lska jOkh h' ny m%;ske.; lsu iy ta wdY%s; fiajdjkays jQ l%shdld;ajh jOkh u
fya;=fjka ke l=,S" wfkl=;a jrdh iy .=jka f;dgqfmd< wdY%s; fiajdjkays ,e ishhg 4'1 lska
jOkh h' Y%S ,xldf .=jka fiajd ludka;hg iy jHdmdr" fjf<| iy fkdaod;aul
l%shdldrlj,g by< m%;s,dN ,nd .ekSf wfmalaIdfjka 2013 jif ud;= udifha " Y%S
,xldf fojk cd;Hka;r msiqu jk u;a;, rdcmlaI cd;Hka;r .=jka f;dgqfmdf<ys fufyhq
lghq;= werUq' f w;r" 2013 jif wf.daia;= udifha fld<U ol=K jrdfha kj;u ny
mhka;h ksu flreKq w;r" tu.ska mj;akd moaO;shg w iaig iudk ny tall (TEUs) ,shk
2'4 la tla h' fld<U iy ynkaf;dg jrdhka zzksoyia jrdhkaZZ(free ports) f,i iy u;a;,
rdcmlaI cd;Hka;r .=jka f;dgqfmd< zznka; m%foaYhlaZZ (bonded area) f,i m%ldY lsug rch
.kq ,enQ l%shdud.hka iu`. b jirj, fuu fiajd wxYhka fj; by< foaY ksuh
,e m%udKhla wfmalaId flf'

g wu;rj YS% ,xldf mej;s hqOuh jd;djrKh ksudu;a iu. YS% ,xldjg
mefKk ixpdrlhka ixLHdf iS>% jOkhla olakg ,enqK's 2016 jif oS ,shk 2'5 l
ixpdrl mef m%udKhla iy 2016 jir jk g t'c'fvd, ,shk 3'6 l jdIsl ixpdrl
bmehqula f,i jQ b,lalhka imqrd.ekSu i|yd wod< n,Odka iska ls%hdud. /ila f.k we;'

tfiau m.Kl iy f;dr;=re fiajd wxYfhys ,e ;jrg;a ia:djrj mej;=Ks'

jHdmdr l%shdj,s ndysr uQ,dY% fj; meju(BPO) iy kqu mok lr.;a jHdmdr l%shdj,s ndysr uQ,dY%
fj; meju (KPO)jeks f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh mok lr.;a fiajd (ITES) jOkh ug by<
YlH;djhla we;s wxYhla f,i ke.S tka mj;S' f.da,Sh wdl l%shdldrl ukao.d u
yuqf jqjo" 2013 jif m<uq Nd.fha mrs.Kl iy f;dr;=re fiajd Wm wxYfhys o< ,e" 2012
jif wod< ld,mfoh ;=< jd;d jQ t'c' fvd, ,shk 212 iu`. ieif t'c' fvd, ,shk
248 la olajd ishhg 17 lska jOkh h' idm%odhslj is lrkq ,enQ zzuDldx. ieliSuZZ blaujd
hka .KldlrKh" bxcsfkare iy ikaksfok hk lafIa;%hkays fukau .Dy ksudKlrKh iy
kS;sh jeks kqu mok lr.;a jHdmdr l%shdj,s ndysr uQ,dY% fj; mejf lafIa;%hkays uyd
mrsudK f,i f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh iemhSf uOHia:dkhka olajd mq,a fjka" Y%S ,xldj f;dr;=re
;dlaIKh (IT)" jHdmdr l%shdj,s ndysr uQ,dY% fj; meju iy kqu mok lr.;a jHdmdr
l%shdj,s ndysr uQ,dY% fj; meju hk wxYhkays ke.S tau fuu jOkhg odhl h' flfia kuq;a" fuu
wxYfha wLKav jOkh ;yjqre lr .ekSu i|yd jHdmdr YlH;djh mq`M,a lsu" zzYS% ,xldjZZ
ikak kduhla jYfhka m%jOkh lsu" kj jHdmdr i|yd wdfhdaclhska wdlIKh lr .ekSu
iy f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh i|yd wjYH h;, myiql Yla;su;a lsu wjYH f'

9
 wdodh ,e iy f.

2013 jif m<uq Nd.h ;=< wdodh .sKqf ys`.h" 2012 jif tu ld,mfoh
;=< jd;d jQ t'c' fvd, ,shk 526 isg t'c' fvd, ,shk 666 olajd by< .sfhah' 2012
jif m<uq Nd.h ;=< jd;d l< t'c' fvd, ,shk 477 la jQ fmd,S f. 2013 jif
tu ld,mfoh ;=< t'c' fvd, ,shk 568 la olajd by< hdu f i|yd uQ,slju fya;= h' by<
fmd,S f. uQ,sl jYfhka NdKavd.dr nelr i|yd jQ l+mk f. iy rch ,nd.;a .=ld,Sk
Kh u; jQ fmd,S f.j,ska iuka; h' wdodh .sKqu fj; jQ ,e ie,ls,a,g .ekSf "
2013 jif m<uq Nd.fha Y%S ,xld uy nexl=f uq bmehq my< hdug fya;= fjka Y%S ,xld
uy nexl=j i;= ia:djr wdodh iys; iq/l=m;a i|yd ,o fjf<| ,dN my; jegqKq w;r"
ix; ;=<ska ,o fmd,S ,e fkdfjkiaj mej;=K'S fuu ld,mfoh ;=< foaYh S iDcq
wdfhdack iud.ys wdfhdackh l< wfkajdislhska fj; lrk ,o ,dNdxY f. t'c' fvd,
,shk 191 la f,i jd;d h' flfia kuq;a" wfkajdisl wdfhdaclhska iska ,nd.;a
,dNdxYj,ska ie,lsh hq;= fldgila mj;akd jHdmdr fufyhq lghq;= ;jrg;a mq`M,a lsu i|yd
myiql i,ika tu jHdmdr wdh;k ;=< m%;swdfhdackh lr we;'

cx.u ixl%du
foaY fiajd kshqla;slhskf
a .a fm%aIK" Y%S ,xldf m%Odk iy ia:djr foaY ksuh
bmehq uQ,h jYfhka ;jrg;a mej;=Ks' 2013 jif m<uq udi kjh ;=< foaY fiajd
kshqla;slhskaf.a fm%aIK ,e 2012 jif wod< ld,mfoh ;=< jd;d jQ t'c' fvd, ,shk
4"419 g idfmalaIj t'c' fvd, ,shk 4"922 olajd ishhg 11'4 lska jOkh h' jD;a;Sh iy mqyqKq
wxYhkag wh;a Y%lhskaf.a ixl%uK by< hdu" wfkajdisl foaY jHjydr uqo,a nexl= .sKq (NRFC)
jOkh u u.ska ms<sUq jk m u;a nexl= uQ,dY% yryd uqo,a fm%aIKh lsu ;=<ska ,efnk
jdis ms<sn| foaY fiajd kshqla;slhskaf.a kqu jOkh lsu iy uqo,a fm%aIKh lsu i|yd
wka;cd,h mok lr.;a kj uqo,a ifm%aIK l%u ykajd u 2013 jif m<uq udi kjh
;=< foaY fiajd kshqla;slhskaf.a fm%aIK ,e by< hdug m%Odk jYfhka fya;= h' g
wu;rj" W;=re iy kef.kysr m<d;aj, kj nexl= YdLd jD; lsu iy ksuh yqjudre
uOHia:dk" iajhxl%Sh fg, hka;% cd,h iy jdKsc nexl=j, jHdmdr m%jOk ldhd, ixLHdj by<
kexu u.ska u;a ud. Nd; lrka uqo,a fm%aIKh lsu i|yd foaY fiajd kshqla;slhska
.eka we;' foaY fiajd kshqla;sh i|yd Y%S ,dxlsl mqyqKq Y%lhska .ekaug n,Odka
iska .kq ,enQ l%shdud.hkays m%;sM,hla f,i foaY fiajd kshqla;sh i|yd msg;aj .sh
Y%lhska ixLHdfjys Y%u n, ugfuys iy ia;%S-mqreI Ndjfhys ixhq;suh fjkia is we;'
2013 jif m<uq Nd.h ;=< " foaY fiajd kshqla;sh i|yd msg;aj .sh mqreIhskaf.a ixLHdj ishhg 22
lska jOkh jQ w;r" ldka;djka ixLHdj ishhg 7 lska my; jegqKs' foaY /lshd i|yd ixl%uKh jk
mqyqKq iy jD;a;Sh wxYhkag wh;a Y%lhskaf.a ixLHdj ishhg 14'2 lska jOkh h' f w;r"
.Dy fiajh i|yd msg;aj .sh Y%lhska ixLHdj" 2012 jif m<uq Nd.h ;=< jd;d jQ ishhg 22'8
l jOkhg idfmalaIj 2013 jif m<uq Nd.h ;=< ishhg 9 lska my; jegqKs'

cx.u .sKQf fYaIh

2012 jif m<uq Nd.fha t'c' fvd, ,shk 2"180 la jQ cx.u .sKqf ys`.h 2013
jif m<uq Nd.fha t'c' fvd, ,shk 1"583 la olajd wvq h' idfmalaIj wvq f.hlska
my< .sh wmkhk iu`. ieif wdkhkhkays is jQ iS>% wvqfuys m%;sM,hla f,i
fjf<| .sKqf ys`.h wvqu cx.u .sKqf ys`.h wvqug uQ,slju fya;= h' by< hk
wdkhk ho wvq lsu i|yd 2012 jif uq,a Nd.fha ykajdka m%;sm;a;s l%shdud.hka
id:l jqjo" f.da,Sh wdlh h:d ;;a;ajhg m;au ukao.d u fya;=fldgf.k foaYh S
b,au wvqf m%;sM,hla f,i jif m<uq Nd.h ;=< wmkhk bmehq wvq h' ixpdrl"
m%jdyk" mrs.Kl yd f;dr;=re fiajd wxYhkays bmehq u.ska fiajd .sK qu fj; jQ ,e ie,lsh

10
hq;= f,i by<hdu iy foaY fiajd kshqla;slhskaf.a fm%aIK ,e" cx.u .sKqf fYaIh Yla;su;a lsug
fya;= jQ w;r" foaY fiajd kshqla;slhskaf.a fm%aIK ,e ;=<ska muKla fjf<| ys`.fhka
ishhg 70 lg je m%udKhla uQ,Hkh lr .ekSug yels h' iD;=uh b,au yuqf t<fUk udij,
wdkhk iq jYfhka jOkh h yels jqjo" f.da,Sh wdlh l%lj h:d ;;a;ajhg m;au;a
iu`. jif b;s ld,mfoh ;=< wmkhk bmehq by< hkq we;ehs wfmalaId flfrk w;r ta
wkqj" fjf<| .sKqf fYaIh ;jrg;a jOkh jkq we;' fiajd .sKqu fj; jQ by< ,e iy
foaY fiajd kshqla;slhskaf.a fm%aIK by< hdu ;=<ska fjf<| .sKqf ys`.fhka Yd, m%udKhla
uQ,Hkh flfrkq we;ehs wfmalaId flfrk w;r" tu.ska 2012 jif o< foaYh S ksIamd;fha
m%;sY;hla f,i ishhg 6'6 la jQ cx.u .sKqf ys`.h 2013 jif o< foaYSh ksIamd;fha
m%;sY;hla f,i ishhg 4'3 la muK olajd wvq jkq we;'

m%.aOk yd uq,H m%jdy

Y%S ,xld wfhdack uKav,fha ,shdmosx iud. iska ,nd.;a foaYh

S Kh o we;=<;a
foaYhS iDcq wdfhdack ,e 2012 jif wkqrEm ld,mrsfoh ;=< jd;d jQ t'c' fvd, ,shk
452 l isg 2013 jif m<uq Nd.h ;=< " t'c' fvd, ,shk 540 la olajd by< .sfhah' foaYh S
iDcq wdfhdack ,e ys wdxYsl ixhq;sh ie,lSf 2013 jif m<uq Nd.fha h;, myiql"
ksIamdok iy fiajd hk wxYhka fj; je foaYh S wdfhdack m%udKhla fhduq h' foaYh S iDcq
wdfhdack ,e ys m%Odk uQ,dY% f,i kh ^t'c' fvd,r ,shk 125&" fydxfldx ^t'c' fvd, ,shk
79&" isx.mamQrej ^t'c' fvd, ,shk 55&" fko,ka;h ^t'c' fvd, ,shk 48& iy bkahdj ^t'c'
fvd, ,shk 47& jd;d h' fuu ld,mfoh ;=< foaYSh iDcq wdfhdack .,d hE
t'c'fvd, ,shk 49 la f,i jd;d h' ta wkqj" Y=oaO foaYSh iDcq wdfhdack ,e 2012 jif
wkqrEm ld,mfoh ;=< jd;d jQ t'c' fvd, ,shk 411 iu. ieif 2013 jif m<uq
Nd.h ;=< t'c' fvd, ,shk 491 la h' blsug ksh; jHdmD;s i|yd idlPdjka
wjika u iy wkque;sh ,ndu iu`. 2013 jif fojk Nd.fha foaYSh iDcq wdfhdack ,e
jejkq we;ehs wfmalaId flf' wkd.;fha kj foaYh S iDcq wdfhdack ,nd .ekSug we;s yelshdj
ms<sUq lrka foaYh S iDcq wdfhdack hgf;a .si.;a jHdmD;s ixLHdj 2012 jif m<uq Nd.h
yd ieif 2013 jif tu ld,mfoh ;=< by< .sfhah'

g wu;rj 2013 jif m<uq Nd.fha fm!oa.,sl wxYhg ,enqKq Y=oaO .=ld,Sk
Kh ,e ie,lsh hq;= ugulska by< .sfhah' 2013 jif m<uq udi kjh ;=< rch fj; jQ
Y=oaO foaYSh ,e idudkH ;;a;ajhl mej;=Ks 'Kh jdl wdmiq f. iy fmd,S f. we;=<;a uq`M
foaYhS Kh fiajdlrK f. 2013 jif m<uq Nd.h ;=< by< .sfhah' m%.aOk yd uq,H
m%jdyh fujeks iso we;su fYaI;ajhls'

f.jq ;=,kh

f.jq ;=,kfha iuia; fYaIh 2012 jif m<uq Nd.fha jd;d jQ t'c' fvd,
,shk 320 l ys`.h yd ieif 2013 jif wod< ld,mfoh ;=< t'c' fvd, ,shk
169 l ys`.hla jd;d l< kuq;a 2013 jif iema;en udih w. jkg th w;sla;hla njg jOkh
h' 2013 jif ;=kja k ld;=f cd;sl b;s lsf nexl=f nelr ksl=;=f ,e o we;=j
nexl= iy fm!oa.,sl wxY fj; jQ ,e by< hdu fukau wmkhk" ixpdrl fiajd iy wfkl=;a fiajd
wxYhkays l%shdld;ajh jOkh u iy foaYh S fiajd kshqla;slhskaf.a fm%aIK ,e" 2013 jif
iema;en ui w. jkg f.jq ;=,kfhys t'c' fvd, ,shk 585 l w;sla;hla jd;d ug
uQ,sl jYfhka fya;= h' nexl= wxYfha weia;fka;=.; ,e iy ixpdrlhska je jYfhka
mefKk ld, iSudj wdrN u;a iu`. ixpdrl bmehq by< hdu we;= j NdKav yd fiajd
wmkhk jOkh u fya;=fjka 2013 jir w. jkg f.jq ;=,kh ;jrg;a Yla;su;a t'c'
fvd, ,shk 700 l w;sla;hla jd;d lrkq we;ehs wfmalaId flf'

11
 foaY ix;

2012 jir w.jk g t'c' fvd, ,shk 6'9 la jQ o< ks, ix; m%udKh 2013 jif
iema;enui w. jkg t'c' fvd, ,shk 7'0 la olajd jOkh h' fuu ld, mfoh
;=< imia: Kh myiqlu hgf;a jQ f. we;=<;a Kh fiajdlrK f. iy uE; udihka
;=< wdkhk b,au idudkH f,i by< hdu o< ks, ix; ugu flfrys h n,mEula we;s
lf<ah' tfiau" foaY ix; jHjydr uqo,a w.hka Yd, jYfhka fjkiau iy rka ,
f,i my< hdu fya;=fldgf.k we;s jQ ;lafiare w,dN fya;=fjka ix;j, fjf<|fmd< jkdlu
t'c' fvd, j,ska ;lafiare lsf h fjkiaj,g nka h' flfia kuq;a" cd;sl b;s
lsf nexl=f nelr ksl=;=fjka ,o foaY ksuh ,e Y%S ,xld uy nexl=f ;ekam;a lsu
iy wfkl=;a foaY ksuh ,e o fya;=fjka 2013 iema;en ui w. jkg o< ks, ix; m%udKh
t'c' fvd,r ,shk 7'0 la olajd jOkh h' cd;Hka;r jYfhka ms<s.;a iu;h jk
wdkhksl udi 3 yd ieif fuh wdkhksl udi 4'4 lg iudk h' mqfrdal:kh lr we;s t'c'
fvd, ,shk 700 l f.jq ;=,k w;sla;h iu`." 2013 jir w. jkg o< ks, ix; m%udKh
wdkhksl udi 4'5 lg iudk jk m t'c'fvd, ,shk 7'1 la olajd by< hkq we;ehs
weia;fka;= lr we;' f w;r" o< ks, ix; iy jdcKs nexl=j, foaYh S j;alj,ska iuka;
uq`M foaYh
S ix; m%udKh 2013 jif iema;en udih w. jkg t'c' fvd, ,shk 8'3 la h' th
wdkhksl udi 5'3 lg iudk h'

ksuh wkqmd; l%u iy ksuh wkqmd;slfhys fjkia

2013 jif foaY ksuh m%;sm;a;sh uQ,sl jYfhka fhduq jQfha Y%S ,xld
remshf,ys foaYSh w.h jvd kuHYS,S f,i ;SrKh ug bv yeu flfrysh' 2012 jif wdrNfha
ykajd fokq ,enQ m%;sm;a;suh fjkia ug laIKsl m%;spdrhla jYfhka t'c' fvd,rhg tfrysj Y%S ,xld
remsh, wjm%udKh fuka miqj 2013 jif cqks ui wdrNh olajd l%lj ia:djr fjka mej;=Ks'
ta wkqj" 2013 jif ckjd ui isg cqks ui m<uq i;sh olajd ld,h ;=< t'c' fvd,rhg tfrysj
remsh, ishhg 0'55 lska wm%udKh h' flfia kuq;a" cqks iy cQ,s udi ;=< wdkhk b,au
by< hdu iy tlai;a ckmofha nelr , .ekSf jevigyk iSud lsf bv m%ia:dj u;
rdcH iq/l=m;a fjf<|fmd< ;=<ska foaYSh wdfhdaclhska bj;aj hkq we;ehs hk wfmalaIdj
fya;=fldgf.k cqks ui fojk i;sfha isg 2013 jif wf.daia;= ui w. jk;=re remsh, t'c'
fvd,rhg tfrysj ishhg 5'01 lska wjm%udKh h' flfia kuq;a" tlai;a ckmofha f*vr,a
ix; nexl=j u.ska l%shd;aul lrk m%udKd;aul ,ssys,alrK jevigyk iSud lsug we;s bv
m%ia:dj ms<sn| ksfokh lsfuka wk;=rej Yd, jYfhka wjm%udKh ula fmkakq lrk
,o cmka fhka" bkahdkq remsh, iy bkakSishdkq remsh, jeks O l,dmSh uqo,a tallj,g
idfmalaIj Y%S ,xld remshf,a wjm%udKh wju ;;a;ajhl mej;=' fjf<|fmd< wfmalaIdjka
Yla;su;a lrka 2013 jif iema;en ui islrk ,o cd;sl b;s lsf nexl=fjys
nelr ksl=;=j we;=j nexl= wxYh fj; ,e by< hdu fya;= fldgf.k Y%S ,xld remsh,
iema;en ui wdrNfha isg Tlaf;dan ui w. olajd ishhg 1'45 lska wm%udKh h'
ta wkqj" iuia;hla f,i remsh, 2013 jif Tlaf;dan ui w. jkg ishhg 2'94 lska
muK wjm%udKh h' wfkl=;a foaY jHjydr uqo,aj, fjkia ms<sUq lrka Y%S ,xld remsh,
m%Odk uqo,a j. lsysmhlg tfrysj wm%udKh h' 2013 jif Tlaf;dan ui w. jkg Y%S
,xld remsh, bkahdkq remsh,g tfrysj ishhg 8'74 lska o" iaf%,shdkq fvd,rhg tfrysj ishhg
6'24 lska o" cmka fhkaj,g tfrysj ishhg 11'19 lska o wm%udKh jQ w;r hqfrdaj,g tfrysj ishhg
6'55 lska o" %;dkH mjqug tfrysj ishhg 2'19 lska o wjm%udKh h'

2012 jir wdrNfha .kq ,enQ m%;sm;a;suh ;SrKh wkq.ukh lrka Y%S
,xld uy nexl=j iska ksuh wkqmd;slfha wl Wpdjpkhka je<elau i|yd muKla foaY
ksuh fjf<|fmd<g uey;au iSud lrk ,' ta wkqj" 2013 jif m<uq udi oyh ;=< Y%S
,xld uy nexl=j t'c' fvd, ,shk 879 la , .kska iy t'c'fvd, ,shk 640 la imhka

12
foaYSh foaYSh ksuh fjf<|fmd< fj; uey;a we;' iuia;hla f,i 2013 jif Tlaf;dan ui
w. jkg Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j iska foaYh
S foaYh
S ksuh fjf<|fmdf<ka Y=oaO moku u; t'c'
fvd, ,shk 239 la , .kakd ,'

2013 jif m<uq udi oyh ;=< kdl iM, ksuh wkqmd;slh iq wjm%udKh
ula fmkakq l< w;r" uQ; iM, ksuh wkqmd;slh iq m%udKhlska wm%udKh h' t'c'
fvd,rhg tfrysj iy uqo,a mefiys wvx.= %;dkH mjqu iy hqfrda jeks m%Odk uqo,a j.j,g
idfmalaIj Y%S ,xld remsh, wjm%udKh u ms<sUq lrka 2013 jif Tlaf;dan ui w. jkg
jHjydr uqo,a j. 5 lska iy jHjydr uqo,a j. 24 lska ie,;a mei u; mok jQ kdl iM,
ksuh wkqmd;slhka ms<sfj<sska ishhg 0'24 lska iy ishhg 0'11 lska wjm%udKh h' f w;r" 2013
jif Tlaf;dan ui w. jkg fjf<| yjq,aldr yd ;r.ld rgj,g idfmalaIj foaYh S
WoaOukh jeu fya;=fjka WoaOuk wka;rh by< w.hla .;a w;r"ta wkqj uqo,a j. 5 lska iy
24 lska ie,;a mei u; mok jQ uQ; iM, ksuh wkqmd;slhka ms<sfj<ska ishhg 1'22 lska iy
ishhg 1'53 lska muK wm%udKh h'

g wu;rj 2012 jif wkqrEm ld,mfoh iu`. ieif 2013 jif m<uq
udi oyh ;=< foaYSh foaY ksuh fjf<|fmd< Y% l%shdld;ajhla fmkakq lf<ah'udi ;=k iy
udi yh hk ld, mrdihka i|yd jk b ksuh .kqfokq w," 2013 cqks ui ueo Nd.h jk
f;la fmd,S wkqmd;sl wka;rhg jvd ;rul my< ugul mej;=Ks'

^06& mj;sk foaY fj<o m%;sm;a;ska hgf;a 2014 jIfha wfmalaIdjka

f.da,Sh yd foaYh
S wdlfha l%l jOkh iu YS% ,xldf foaY fjf<odfb
lau yd 2014 jif jOk wfmalaIdjka hym;a f,i jOkh jkq we;ehs wfmalaId flf' fYaIfhkau
YS% ,xldf m%Odk fjf<| yjq,alrejka jk wefuld tlai;a ckmoh yd hqfrda l,dmh we;= f.da,Sh
wdlh h:d ;;a;ajhg m;au;a iu." wmkhk wdodhf wLKav jOkhla jd;d lrkq we;ehs
wfmalaId flf' flfia jqjo" mqfrdal:kh lr we;s foaYSh wdl jOkh iu. 2014 oS wdkhk b,au
by< hdug bv we;s w;r fYaIfhkau fuu by< wdl jOk udj; mj;ajdf.k hdug wjYH
wdfhdack NdKav wdkhkh by< hkq we;' ta wkqj" 2014 fjf<| .sKqf ysh o'foa'ks'fha m%;sY;hla
f,i ishhg 13'8 l ugfu mj;skq we;ehs mqfrdal:kh flf'

f.fhka jOkh jk m%Odk wdluh wxYhkays h;, myiql ixjOk jHdmD;s

iS>%fhka l%shd;aul f m%;sM,hla jYfhka 2014 jif fiajd wxYfha jOkh ;Sj% jkq we;ehs
wfmalaId flf' fld<U ol=K" .d,a, iy T,a jeks mj;akd jrdhkays Od;djh jehqKq lsrSu;a"
fld<U iy ynkaf;dg jrdhka zzksoyia jrdhkaZZ (free ports) f,i iy u;a;, rdcmlaI cd;Hka;r
.=jka f;dgqfmd< zznkaa; m%foaYhlaZZ (bonded area) f,i m%ldY lsu;a iu`. 2014 jif ke l=,S
iy wfkl=;a jrdh yd .=jka f;dgqfmd< wdY%s; l%shdldrl ie,lsh hq;= f,i by< hkq we;ehs
mqfrdal:kh flf' ixpdrl meKsf ys wfmalaIs; jOkh iu`. 2014 jif ixpdrl wxYfha
bmehS t'c' fvd, ,shk 2 l ugug <`.d jkq we;ehs wfmalaId flf' f w;r" fjkiajk foaYSh
Y%u fjf<|fmd< ;;a;ajhka yuqf foaYSh fiajd kshqla;slhskaf.a fm%aIK ,e miq.sh jir lsysmhg
jvd wvq f.hlska jqjo jOkhla fmkakq lrkq we;ehs wfmalaId flf'

13
 2013 jif o< foaYh
S ksIamd;fha m%;sY;hla jYfhka ishhg 4'3 la f,i mqfrdal:kh
lr we;s cx.u .sKqf ys`.h" 2014 jif o< foaYSh ksIamd;fha m%;sY;hla f,i ishhg 3'2 lg muK
;jrg;a wvqjkq we;ehs mqfrdal:kh flf' f.da,Sh wdlh h:d ;;a;ajhg m;a u;a iu`. fjf<|
.sKqfuys wfmalaIs; jOkh yd foaY fiajd kshqla;slhskaf.a fm%aIK ,e wLKavj jOkh u iy
ixpdrl jHdmdrfha by< bmehq 2014 jif cx.u .sKqf ys`.h ie,lsh hq;= f,i wvq ug odhl
jkq we;ehs wfmalaId flf'

2014 jif uq,H .sKqf ,e ;jrg;a by< hkq we;ehs wfmalaId flf' 2014
jif foaYh
S Kh iy m%odk jYfhka rch fj; jk ,e t'c' fvd, ,shk 2"350 la muK jkq
we;ehs weia;fka;= lr we;' m%d.aOk .kqfokqj,g wod< iuyr foaY ksuh md,khkaa ,sys,a lsu iy
cd;Hka;r uQ,dY%hkaf.ka wruqo,a /ia lsu i|yd fm!oa.,sl wxYh u;a lsu fya;=fjka foaYSh iDcq
wdfhdack o we;=<;a fm!oa.,sl wxYh fj; jQ ,e ;jrg;a jOkh jkq we;ehs wfmalaId flfr'

f.jq ;=,kfha iuia; fYaIh 2013 jif wfmalaIs; t'c' fvd, ,shk 700 l
w;sla;hl isg 2014 jif t'c' fvd, ,shk 1"125 l w;sla;hla olajd by< hkq we;ehs wfmalaId
flf' ta wkqj" 2014 jir w. jk g o< ks, ix; wdkhksl udi 4'2 lg iudk jk m t'c'
fvd, ,shk 7'6 la olajd jOkh jkq we;ehs wfmalaIs;h'

14
 mrsYS,kh l< uQ,dY%hka
kaika uka m%kdka" Y%S ,xldf wdl jOkh iy ixjOkh
uynexl= j;dj ^2014&
wka;cd,h

15