/ -

/2009 ..
/


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in it.

1.

()

1987 .



47(1)(4)
/
/ /

2

-
49 5 "


"

/



-

2.

2.1.

2.2. /

3
2.3.
(indigenous people)
/

2.4. /

3. /

3.1.

()



(Balbala)

12



1868

1868 . " "



"... "..."
"

4
 1887
-
/

.. 1870



-


16



W.C Harris [ The Highlands of
Ethiopia, (1884)]

1907 .. (Land
Charter)

" "

. /
Agamsa
Doobbii
Hurufa Boombii
Dildila
Eekkaa
Birbirsa Gooroo
Caffee Araaraa
Malkaa Daabus
Caffee Tumaa
Caffee Aannanii
Qarsaa
Baddaa Ejersaa
Mujjaa
Garbii
Golboo
Calcalii
Roobii
Burqaa Finfinnee
Tulluu Heexoo

6
 Lupha Kormaa
Baaroo Kormaa
Hrbuu Irrechaa
Karra Qirixi
Adami
Babo
Burqa Qoricha

-
...

- /






1960 .
50
33

7

/

1966 .

17














-

3.2.

20 1983 .

8



-

15 1983 .

1 2

...

9

-
-

/

39 (1) (2)

49 5



7/1984
15(1) ()
2/1985 58

/

/ /

10


(

)

[1. Art.
20 of the African Charter of Human and Peoples Rights of 1981, 2. International
Human Rights, Indeginous rights, rights to self Determination]

1999 .
2,739,551
1,288,895(47%) 534,547(19.5%) 447,777(16.3%)

11
169,082(6.2%) 299,150(10.1%)

-






/

/

/
/
-

12
3.3.

9(4)


(UDHR) (ICCPR)
(ICESCR)
(CERD)
(UNDRIP)
(ACHPR) (CRC)
(ACRWC)
/

3.3.1 (UDHR)

.. 1948
(UDHR)
2


17 1

25 1

(indigenous Tulama Oromo)

/

13


3.3.2 (ICCPR)

.. 1966
(ICCPR)

1 1 2

2 1



27

14
3.3.3 (ICESCR)

.. 1966
(ICESCR)

1 1


2
2 2

3.3.4 (CERD)

.. 1965

2 2

15
 /

( ...
)

3.3.5 (UNDRIP)

.. 13 2007 107
(the United
Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples-UNDRIP)

(self determination)

16


3.3.6 (ACHPR)

18 ..
1981
1

2

13 (3)

14 19

22 (1)

24

17
3.3.7 (ACRWC)

.. 29 1999

3



7

3.4.

/
/
/

18
3.4.1

. 7/1984

2() 9() 13 5 1984 ..
7/1984

3(1)

" 4"
(4) 13( ) 14( )

7/1984

106 108
49 5
-




507 6 49
- 49 (5)

19
 "

"

7/1984

. 87/1989

9 1989 .
87/1989 33

(1) 2(1)

(2)
(3)


(4)

20


. 311/1995

8 1995 .
311/1995 62

(1)
(2)
49 (5)


5

""

87/1989

21


. 361/1995

17 1995 .
361/1995 62
5 311/1995
/

3.4.2

. (1984)

2/1985
14 1984 . 9 14
1984 .



// /
55 57

58

. (1987)

1/1987
15 1987 .

22
 6

. (1994)

46/1994 1 9 9 3
/ 17 1994 .

6
3-5 1992 .
9
35/1992 . 3 (1) 5
1992 .

1997 .
1 1997
. 1994 .
46/1994 94/1997 2
(3)

. 115/2000

() 8 2000 .
115/2000 /
9 (2)

23

(6)
/

/ / /
/

3.4.3

1986 .
23

12 3.5.1 3.5.2

" ()

"

1994 .
34

1.

24
 2.

3.

4.

20
- / /

(UNESCO)





-

25


3.5.

3.5.1

26
.

1950


-

1960 1970

27


1960
(Quite Revolution)

(Soveriegn Association)
(Secession)

-
1980
60% 40%

1982

-

28



-
(Veto right over constitutional reform)

Meech
Lake Accord
1982

-

(

)

Charlottetown Accord

- (Concept of Subsidary Federalism)
/ (
)

29




/

1982

1982

1982

Charter of Human Rights and Freedom



/
1975 Charter of Human Rights and Freedom 1982

1995 -




1960

30


( )


(pragmatism)

3.5.2

1948



( )

100
1848

19

1948

31
 142



-

(If there are different meanings or different
interpretations, then each language has to be considered as an original and
authoritative text)::


/

32
 ( )

(local autonomy)

3.5.3
.


11,190,845 6,437,680
3,585,214 1,167,951
1831 ..
1970 ..
.. 1993

33


3





-

59%
40%
1%

34

.. 1830
20 /

20

63%
20% 2.5%
29.7%
59%
19%

. /Brussels-capital region/

35

194

.. 1989




.. 1960

19
170 32.6 .

19

3

1.8 162
89
89 72 17
8



72

36
 19

1.




.. 1830 18

2.

/

37





/

30% 70%

3.

50%
38%

3.5.4

38



ACT of 1971 .




ACT of 1982

3.5.5.

39
 ...

4.



/

4.1
1. /






2.
30%





3.

40
 4. /


5. /



6. /





7.





1)/


/

/

4.2

41
1. /




2.
()
3.
15%

4.
..

5.
/

6.

7.

8. /



9.


10.

42
 11.

..
4.3

1.






"/ "

2. /

3.




4.


5. /

43
 6.
/

7.

4.4

1.

2.

3.

4.
%

44


5. /

6.

(affirmative actions)

4.5

1.




2.



3.

4. /

45
5.
... -





9

/



/

46