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Waves HL Q Sol
Waves HL Q Sol
Waves HL Q Sol
1
(b) (i) use of f = ; T
1
f
and so 0.20 = 5.0 Hz; 2
IB Questionbank Physics 1
(ii) the point at 8 cm; 1
[14]
2g
(iii) = l ;
0.32
2
T= 2 9.81 ;
= 0.80 s; 3
[0.05] 2 [0.03] 2
v = 7.85 ;
1 1
= 0.31 m s ; (allow working in cm to give 31cm s ) 4
(iii) = 4.0 m;
1
recognition that f = 0.80 (= 1.25);
(f =)v = 1.25 4.0;
1
(= 5.0 m s ) 3
IB Questionbank Physics 2
(d) (i) wave reflects at ends (of string);
interference/superposition occurs (between waves);
regions of maximum displacement/zero displacement
form (that do not move)(*);
one region of max displacement/antinode forms at
centre with zero displacement/node at each end(*);
(* allow these marking points from a clear diagram ) 3 max
(ii) the waves (in a string) are transverse and vibrate only
in one plane;
light waves are transverse electromagnetic waves;
(and) for polarized light the electric field vector vibrates
only in one plane; 3
1
(e) Brewster angle = tan [1.3] = 52;
= (90 52 =) 38; 2
[25]
14
2
(iii) = l ;
4 2
2 2
= T :
14 1.4 2
l= 40 ;
= 0.70m 3
14
2 1
(c) (i) = 0.70 = 20 rad ;
2
max acceleration = (20 0.12 =) 2.4 m s ; 2
IB Questionbank Physics 3
(d) (i) period = 1.4 s;
0.45
c= T 1.4 = 0.32 m s1; 2
2 .8
(ii) 3 .7 ;
0.76; 2
a
2
(b) use of = () x ;
2900
3
= 0.60 10 ;
2
= 2f;
1 2900
f = 2 0.60 10 ;
3
330
(ii) 350 or use of c = f ;
0.94 m; 2
Award [2] for bald correct answer.
[12]
IB Questionbank Physics 4
d
(b) (i) 2; 1
22
(ii) acceleration = a4 f seen/used;
3 2
9.2 10 m s ; 2
2
Amplitudes need not be the same.
IB Questionbank Physics 5
-10
(b) (i) 1.5 10 m; 1
-12
(ii) T = 1.1 10 s;
1
f 12
;
1.110
13
= 9.1 10 Hz 2
14 -1
(iii) = (2pf) = 5.7 10 (rad s );
Emax =
1
2
m 2 x 0
2
1
2
1.7 10 27 1.5 10 20 5.7 10 28 ;
2 2
-18
= 6.2 10 J 2
22 26 -27
(c) (i) k = (4p f mp) = 40 83 10 1.7 10 ;
-1
560 N m 1
(d) (i) infra red radiation radiated from Earth will be absorbed by
greenhouse gases;
and so increase the temperature of the atmosphere/Earth; 2
(ii) the natural frequency of oscillation (of a methane molecule)
13
is equal to 9.1 10 Hz;
because of resonance the molecule will readily absorb radiation
of this frequency; 2
[14]
v 6
150 10
7. (a) (i) f = c
= 3950Hz;
= 149.99605 MHz; 2
IB Questionbank Physics 6
(iii) equation only applies for v << c / relativistic effects occur (at 0.9c); 1
(b) (i) the Rayleigh Criterion is used to establish when the image
of two objects are just resolved / Rayleigh criterion describes
resolution condition;
the minimum of one diffraction pattern falls on the maximum
of the other; 2
1.22
use of
(ii) d
5 10 7
2
resolution = 1.22 8.5 10 = 7.2 10 rad;
6
24 10 3
300
= 80 106 (rad);
separation > resolution limit so can be resolved; 3
Allow ecf for third marking point.
[11]
c
(ii) f= ;
= 10 GHz; 2
IB Questionbank Physics 7
(c) place a metal grid/analyser between source and detector;
electric field vector (of the microwaves) vibrates in only one
direction/plane;
rotate the metal grid/detector;
until minimum signal is detected; 3 max
or
electric field vector vibrates in only one direction/plane;
rotate transmitter through an angle;
need to rotate receiver through same angle to restore signal in transmitter;
[11]
(b)
(c) since the wavelength of radio waves is relatively large to get good
resolution the aperture must be large / OWTTE;
this is achieved by having large dish-like receivers/by separating
the receivers by large distances; 2
IB Questionbank Physics 8
2 1012
3 10 16
(d) angular separation of sources = = 6.7 105 (rad);
0.21
1.22 1.22
angle at which sources are resolved = b 300 = 8.5 104 (rad);
some statement about angles to show that they cannot be resolved; 3
[10]
(ii) diagram:
9
620 10
3
(iii) = b 0.4 10 ;
2.0 1.9 620 10 9
w = (2D =) 0.4 10 3 ;
w = 5.9mm; 3
Award [3] for bald correct answer.
IB Questionbank Physics 9
(ii) diffraction occurs (at the aperture/iris of the eye);
each lamp gives rise to a diffraction pattern (at the
back of the eye/on the retina);
(for distant lamps) the two diffraction patterns overlap;
so that patterns cannot be distinguished / OWTTE; 4
[13]
11. (a) light for which the electric field is oscillating in (only) one plane; 1
IB Questionbank Physics 10
(ii) = 4l;
330
= 16 20.6;
l = 5.2 m 3
13. (a) in unpolarized light the electric field vector may vibrate in any
plane (normal to the direction of propagation);
in polarized light the vector/electric field vibrates in one plane only;
To award [2 max] reference must be made to electric field vector
at least once. Award [2 max] for any relevant correctly labelled diagram. 2
2
(b) cos graph; (judge shape by eye)
max I0 at 0 and 180 and zero at 90; 2
[4]
5
= 6.7 10 (rad);
0.21
1.22
1.22
angle at which sources are resolved = b 300 14. (a)
polarized light is light in which the (electric) field vector vibrates in one
plane only / OWTTE;
the liquid crystal changes the plane in which (electric) field vector rotates; 2
IB Questionbank Physics 11