SREE CHITRA THIRUNAL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

THIRUVANANTHAPURAM 695018

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

Certified that seminar work entitled INSULATED GLAZING: VARIATIONS

AND ITS EFFECT ON THERMAL TRANSMISSION is a bonafide work carried
out in the seventh semester by SARATH NAIR S (13 402 053) in partial fulfilment
for the award of Bachelor of Technology in MECHANICAL (PRODUCTION)
ENGINEERING from University of Kerala during the academic year 2016-2017,
who carried out the seminar work under the guidance and no part of this work has
been submitted earlier for the award of any degree.

SEMINAR CO_ORDINATOR SEMINAR GUIDE

E. JAYAKUMAR T. S. SIGI KUMAR

Assistant professor Assistant professor
Department of Mechanical Engg. Department of Mechanical Engg.
SCT College of Engineering, SCT College of Engineering,
Thiruvananthapuram-18 Thiruvananthapuram-18

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

Dr. AJITH R
Professor,
Department of Mechanical Engg.
SCT College of Engineering,
Thiruvananthapuram-18

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The satisfaction that accompanies the successful completion of this seminar

would be incomplete without the mention of the people who made it possible, without
whose constant guidance and encouragement would have made efforts go in vain. I
consider myself privileged to express gratitude and respect towards all those who
guided us through the completion of this project.

I convey thanks to my seminar guide Sri. T. S. SIGI KUMAR, Assistant

Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, for providing encouragement,
constant support and guidance which was of a great help to complete this seminar
successfully.

I am grateful to Prof. Dr. Ajith R, Head of the Department Mechanical

Engineering for giving me the support and encouragement that was necessary for the
completion of this seminar.

I would also like to express my gratitude to my family and friends for their unerring
support throughout the course of this seminar.

SARATH NAIR S

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 ABSTRACT

The building sector consumes about 40% of the total energy and contributes to about
30% of greenhouse gas emissions; therefore, improving energy efficiency of buildings
has been regarded as one important measure to reach global environmental standards.

Windows can constitute up to 45% of the total energy loss through the building
envelope, and windows with a low thermal transmittance (i.e. U-value) can
substantially reduce the energy loss and saving cost. This paper deals with Glazed
window systems.

We will take a look at the entire Insulated Glazing Unit, and discuss about its
construction components. The focus of the paper will however be on the insulation
materials used in these glazing systems, and their impact on thermal properties of a
glazing unit. We shall discuss in details about the past, present and future technologies
that will infiltrate the window industry.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ii
ABSTRACT iii
NOMENCLATURE v
LIST OF FIGURES vi

TITLE PAGE NO:

1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1. GLOBAL NECCESSITY TO NOVEL
WINDOW TECHNOLOGIES 1
1.2. WINDOWS AND HEAT LOSS 1
2. INSULATED GLAZING UNIT 3
2.1. MULTILAYERED GLAZING 3
2.2. HEAT INSULATING PROPERTY 4
2.3. ACOUSTIC INSULATING PROPERTY 5
3. CONSTRUCTION OF AN INSULATED GLAZING UNIT 6
3.1. GLASS 7
3.2. SPACER 8
3.3. SEALENT 9
3.4. DESICANT 10
3.5. INSULATING MATERIAL 11
4. INSULATING MATERIALS 12
4.1. DE-HYDRATED AIR 12
4.2. INERT GAS 13
4.3. VACUUM GLAZING 14
4.3.1. VACUUM TUBE GLAZING 16
4.3.2. AEROGEL SUPPORT PILLARS
FOR VACUUM GLAZING 17
4.4. AEROGEL GLAZING UNITS 19
5. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVE 22
6. REFERENCES 23
7. ANNEXURE

NOMENCLATURE

SYMBOLS MEANING
IGU Insulated glazing unit
U Overall heat transfer co efficient
R measure of thermal resistance

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SHGC solar heat gain coefficient
e emissivity
Tvis visible light transmissivity
SF-6 sulphur hexafluoride

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 LIST OF FIGURES

PAGE NO:

1. Thermal imaging of a house. 2

2. Application of Glazed windows 5

3. Construction details of a typical IGU (double glazed) 6

4. A double glazed window 7

5. Triple glazed window 7

6. Various spacer types and arrangements 8

7. Types of sealants 9

8. Graph showing performance comparison of insulating gases 13

9. Construction of a vacuum glazed unit 15

10. Vacuum tube windows 16

11. Variation of u value with variation in diameter of vacuum tubes 17

12. Construction of glazed unit using aerogel pillars 18

13. Difference of lighting in aerogel infused glazing unit 21