Seven Sources

Gook, B. (2015). Divided Subjects, Invisible Borders : Re-Unified Germany After 1989. Lanham,

Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield International.

Most people only know what happened during the years that the wall was built all the

way to the year when they took it down. What most people dont know is what happened

after the fall of the Berlin Wall. This is where this book comes in handy. What do

Germany's memorials, films, artworks, memory debates and national commemorations

tell us about the lives of Germans today? Germany remains divided; a mutual distrust

lingers, and national history remains contentious.

Millington, R. (2014). The Fall of the Berlin Wall. History Today, 64(11), 7.

The article discusses the impact of the Berlin Wall on East Germans, focusing on how

citizens' opposition to the ruling Socialist Unity Party led to the fall of the Wall in 1989.

This article also includes how social and economic conditions in East Berlin, East

Germany impacted citizens' view of the Socialist Unity Party, information on oral history

interviews with people who experienced life with the Wall, and information on the

protests against the Wall.

Minkenberg, M. (1993). The Wall after the Wall: On the Continuing Division of Germany and

the Remaking of Political Culture. Comparative Politics, 26(1), 53-68.

doi:10.2307/422173

One of the major events in history would be the fall of the Berlin Wall which occurred in

November 9, 1989. This event paved the way for the unification of Germany which was

divided for a long time. There have been many articles and books written about the

division of Berlin and how the two sides united after the fall of the Berlin Wall. In this
 article what they are really focusing on is if there really was such thing as a unification.

That is what this article is all about and has many information on things that were going

on during that time period.

Sheffer, E. (2011). Burned Bridge : How East and West Germans Made the Iron Curtain. New

York: Oxford University Press.

The building of the Berlin Wall in 1961 shocked the world. Ever since, the image of this

impenetrable barrier between East and West has been a central symbol of the Cold War.

In this book, it is supposed to reveal hidden origins of the Iron Curtain and viewing it

from another perspective. There were many differences on both sides of the wall. Some

including the differences of freedom and captivity, rich and poor, peace and bloodshed,

and past and present. Using this book, we can see how it all happened and all the

movements they were doing from another perspective and not only from the side of the

story that most people know.

Stadelmann, M. (2015). 1990 - The First Year of Transition. H-Net Reviews In The

Humanities & Social Sciences, 1-6.

After an event as big as the Berlin Wall, the outcome is very important in many

categories such as the economy, politics, religion, etc. In this article it talks about a

conference that occurred in Jena and talks about the German reunification in the year

1990. It mentioned the relationship between political and economic reforms in former

East Germany. There were supposedly social preferences for moderate socialism. This

article would be helpful because not many people know what went on the year after

everything went back to the way it was.

Taylor, F. (2007). THE BERLIN WALL. History Today, 57(2), 43-49.

 Whenever there is a big event like the construction of the Berlin Wall for example, there

are countries that form allies right away. This article focuses on the political attitudes of

the French, British, and American allies towards the construction of the Berlin Wall in

1961 by the Soviet sector. After doing an analysis, the author concluded that the

construction of the Wall was not considered a major point of contention for the allies. The

author also suggests that none of the allies took action against the construction of the

Wall because it helped to divide the threat of post-war Germany.

Wilke, Manfred; Perl, Sophie (2014). The Path to the Berlin Wall: Critical Stages in the History

of Divided Germany. Retrieved from http://www.eblib.com

The long path of the Berlin Wall originally started in 1945 when Josef Stalin instructed

the Communist Party to take power in the Soviet occupation zone while the three Western

allies secured their areas of influence. Between the years 1959 and 1961, the Soviet

Union demanded once and for all the withdrawal of the Western powers and the transition

of West Berlin to a "Free City." Nikita Khrushchev decided to close the border in hopes

of halting the overwhelming exodus of East Germans into the West. This source would

really help because it includes conversations between Khrushchev and Walter Ulbricht,

head of the East German state, in order to reconstruct the coordination process between

these two leaders and the events that led to building the Berlin Wall.