DERIVATIVE WORDS

PERUBAHASA DARI KATA KERJA MENJADI KATA BENDA

Kecuali dengan bentuk GERUND (infinitive + ing) yang mengandung arti hal
perbuatan/cara perbuatan itu dilakukan, misalnya : swimming is good for our health,
collecting stamps is my hobby, reading French is difficult, parking here is forbidden dsb.
kata kerja yang dijadikan kata benda bisa dibuat dengan memberi berbagai akhiran
selain ing.

a. Infinitive + TION
to inform information artinya: penerangan
to reform reformation pembaharuan
to solve solution larutan, pemecahan
to repeat repetition ulangan
to produce production hasil/produksi
to attend attention perhatian
to pronounce pronunciation pengucapan suara
to administer administration pengelolaan
to educate education pendidikan
to elect election pemilihan
to invite invitation undangan
to intend intention niat
to invent invention penemuan (baru)
to demonstrate demonstration demonstrasi
to alter alteration pengubahan (ganti)
to altercate altercation pertengkaran
to fabricate fabrication pembuatan
to act action perbuatan
to appreciate appreciation penghargaan
to assume assumption sangkaan/dugaan
to corrupt corruption (korupsi)
to classify classification (jenis/klasifikasi)
to circulate circulation (peredaran)
to combine combination (gabungan/kombinasi)
to mwounicate communication (perhubungan)
to confirm confirmation (penetapan/pengesahan)
to decorate decoration (dekorasi ruangan)
to declare declaration (pernyataan)
to devote devotion (ketaman/kepamhan)
to expose exposition (pertunjuka/pameran)
to except exception (bantahan/kekecualian
to frustrate frustration (kekecewaan dan bingung;frustasi)
to hesitate hesitation (kebimbangan)
to inject injection (suntikan)
to interrupt interruption (pemulusan/penentangan)
to interpret interpretation (penafsiran)
to intervere intervention (campur tangan)
to narrate narration (penceramah)
to observe observation (pengamatan)
to operate operation (pembedahan ;kedokteran ;gerakan ;militer
pengerjaan)
to present -presentation (presentasi)
to register registration (pendaftaran)
to relate relation (perhubungan)
to restore restoration (perbaikan/pemugaran)
to satisfy satisfaction (kepuasan)
to translate translation (penerjemahan)

b. Berakhiran SION
to permit permission (izin)
to omit omission (penghilangan/penanggalan)
to secede secession (pemisahan)
to succeed succession (pewarisan)
to apprehend apprehension (pemahamam, keprihatinan,pengertian,
kecemasan)
to decide decision (keputusan)
to discuss discussion (perundingan)
to suspect suspicion (kesangsian, kecurigaan)
to explode explosion (ledakan, letusan)

c. Berakiran URE
to please pleasure (kesenangan)
to press pressure (tekanan)
to depart departure (keberangkatan)
to sign signature (tandatangan)
to seize seizure (perampasan)

d. Berakhiran AL
to arrive arrival (kedatangan)
to try trial (percobaan)
to approve approval (pernyataan setuju)
to remove removal (perpindahan)
to rehearse rehearsal (pengulangan)
to acquit acquittal (pelunasan/kelepasan)
to dispose disposal (pengaturan/kecondongan)
to edit editorial (tajuk rencana)
to continue continual (kesinambungan)

e. Berakhiran MENT
to govern government (pemerintahan)
to equip equipment (perlengkapan)
to agree agreement (persetujuan)
to improve improvement (perbaikan)
to enlarge enlargement (perluasan)
to pay payment (pembayaran)
to invest investment (penanaman modal)
to punish punishment (hukuman)
to arrange arrangement (tatanan, susunan)
to settle settlement (penyelesaian, perkampungan)
to entertain entertainment (hiburan)
to manage management (pengelolaan)
to develop development (perkembangan)

f. Berakhiran CB/ANCE
to perform performance (pertunjukan)
to resist resistance (perlawanan)
to assist assistance (bantuan)
to appear appearance (kemunculan, penampilan)
to enter entrance (jalanmasuk)
to guide guidance (tuntunan, panduan)
to serve service (pelayanan)
to accord accordance (persesuaian/persetujuan)
to maintain maintenance (pemeliharaan)
to defend defense (pertahanan)

g. Berakhlran ESS
to succeed success (keberhasilan)
to proceed process (perkembangan/kemajuan)
to exceed excess (kelebihan)

h. Berakhiran TH
to grow growth (perturnbuhan)
to die death (kematian)
to deepen (memperdalam) depth (kedalaman)

t. Ada pula kata-kata yang diberi bentuk tersendiri dan berubah suara/bunyi
to see sight (penglihatan)
to fly flight (penerbangan)
to receive receipt (tanda penerimaan)
to draw drawing (gambar)
to drink draught (tegukan/minum (obat))
to give gift (pemberian)
to speak speech (pidato)
to loose loss (kehilangan/rugi)
to choose choice (pilihan)
to live life (kehidupan)
to conquer conquest (penaklukan)
to pray prayer (persembahan/doa)
to sing song (nyanyian)
to know knowledge (pengetahuan)

J. Ada pula kata-kata kerja yang tidak berubah sama sekali bentuknya
to walk walk (perjalanan/jalannya)
to ride ride (pengendaraan)
to dance dance (tarian)
to play play (permainan)
to visit visit (kunjungan)
to escape escape (kelepasan/kelolosan)
to laugh laugh (tertawa)
smile smile (senyuman)
to sleep sleep (tidurnya)
to plant plant (tanaman)
to change change (perubahan)
to look look (pandangan)
to show show (pertunjukkan)
to drink drink (minuman)
to love love (cinta)
to aid aid (bantuan)
to help help (pertolongan)

Regular & Irregular Verbs

PRESEN
PASTTE PASTPARTICI
T
NSE PLE
TENSE
arise arose arisen
awake awoke awoken
be was/were been
bear bore born, borne
beat beat beaten
become became become
begin began begun
bend bent bent
bet bet bet
bid bid, bade bid, bade
bind bound bound
bite bit bitten
bleed bled bled
blow blew blown
break broke broken
breed bred bred
bring brought brought
broadca broadcas broadcast
st t
build built built
burn burned, burned, burnt
burnt
burst burst burst
buy bought bought
cast cast cast
catch caught caught
choose chose chosen
cling clung clung
come came come
cost cost cost
creep crept crept
cut cut cut
deal dealt dealt
dig dug dug
dive dived, dived
dove
do did done
draw drew drawn
dream dreamed, dreamed,
dreamt dreamt
drink drank drunk
drive drove driven
dwell dwelt dwelt
eat ate eaten
fall fell fallen
feed fed fed
feel felt felt
fight fought fought
find found found
fit fitted, fit fit
flee fled fled
fling flung flung
flow flowed flowed
fly flew flown
forbid forbade forbidden
forecast forecast, forecast,
forecaste forecasted
d
forget forgot forgotten
forgive forgave forgiven
forego, forewent foregone
forgo
forsake forsook forsaken
freeze froze frozen
get got got
give gave given
go went gone
grab grabbed grabbed
grind ground ground
grow grew grown
hang hung hung
hang hanged hanged
(kill)
have had had
hear heard heard
hide hid hidden
hit hit hit
hold held held
hurt hurt hurt
keep kept kept
kneel knelt knelt
knit knitted knitted
know knew known
lay laid laid
lead led led
lean leaned, lean, leant
leant
leap leapt leapt
learn learned, learned, learnt
learnt
leave left left
lend lent lent
let let let
lie lay lain
light lighted, lighted, lit
lit
lose lost lost
make made made
mean meant meant
meet met met
misspell misspelle misspelled
d
mistake mistook mistaken
mow mowed mowed, mown
overcom overcam overcome
e e
overdo overdid overdone
overtake overtook overtaken
overthro overthre overthrown
w w
pay paid paid
plead pleaded, pleaded, pled
pled
prove proved proved,
proven
put put put
quit quit, quit, quitted
quitted
read read read
rid rid, rid
ridded
ride rode ridden
ring rang rung
rise rose risen
run ran run
saw sawed sawn
say said said
see saw seen
seek sought sought
sell sold sold
send sent sent
set set set
sew sewed sewn
shake shook shaken
shave shaved shaved,
shaven
shear sheared sheared, shorn
shed shed shed
shine shone shone
shoe shod shod
shoot shot shot
show showed shown
shrink shrank shrunk
shut shut shut
sing sang sung
sink sank sunk
sit sat sat
sleep slept slept
slay slew slain
slide slid slid
sling slung slung
slit slit slit
smell smelled, smelled, smelt
smelt
smite smote smitten
sow sowed Sown
speak spoke spoken
speed speeded, speeded, sped
sped
spell spelled, spelled, spelt
spelt
spend spent spent
spill spilled, spilled, spilt
spilt
spin spun spun
spit spat spat
split split split
spoil spoiled, spoiled, spoilt
spoilt
spread spread spread
spring sprang sprung
stand stood stood
steal stole stolen
 stick stuck stuck
sting stung stung
stink stank stunk
stride strode stridden
strike struck struck
string strung strung
strive strove striven
swear swore sworn
sweep swept swept
swell swelled swollen
swim swam swum
swing swung swung
take took taken
teach taught taught
tear tore torn
tell told told
think thought thought
thrive thrived, thrived
throve
throw threw thrown
thrust thrust thrust
tread trod trodden
understa understo understood
nd od
uphold upheld upheld
upset upset upset
wake woke woken, waked
wear wore worn
weave wove woven
wed wed, wed, wedded
wedded
weep wept wept
win won won
wind wound wound
withhold withheld withheld
withstan withstood withstood
d
wring wrung wrung
write wrote written

Preference

Preference adalah ungkapan perasaan yang menyatakan lebih suka daripada yang lainnya

1. Prefer

Rumus:

Subject + Prefer + to infinitive

Subject + Prefer + Nouns + to + Nouns

Subject + Prefer + Gerund + to + Gerund

Contoh:

They prefer to go now

My mother prefers lemon to orange

 She prefers watching TV to listening to the radio

2. Would Rather

Rumus:

Subject + would rather + Kata kerja bentuk I (tanpa to-

Infinitives)

Subject + would rather + Infinitives + than + Infinitives

Subject + would rather + Infinitives + Noun + than + Inf + Noun

Subject + would rather + someone + Bentuk II

Contoh:

I would rather study now

She would rather stay home than go shopping

Wed rather play card than play ball

Id rather you went now

3. Would Prefer to

Rumus:

Subject + Would Prefer to + infinitive +rather than + inf

Subject + would Prefer to + infinitives + Nouns + rather than +

infinitives + Nouns

Contoh:

They would prefer to sing rather than dance

Youd prefer to play ball rather than take a sleep

4. Like

Rumus:

Subject + Like + Nouns/Gerunds

Subject + like +gerunds + better than + gerund

Subject + like + noun + better than + noun

Contoh:

I like singing a song

She likes singing a song better than playing a guitar

They like coffee better than tea

5. Had Better

Rumus:

Subject + had better + infinitive

Subject + had better + not + infinitive

Contoh:

You had better study hard

You had better not work on Sundays

6. Its time

Rumus:

Its time + to infinitives

Its time + Subject + Bentuk past

Contoh:

Its time to get up

Its time you went away

7. Instead of

Instead of kita gunakan sebagai pengganti dari: to, than, better than, rather than

Rumus:

Instead of + Gerund/Nouns

Contoh:

I prefer staying home instead of going out

They would rather eat their lunch instead of work

 I woud prefer to invite them instead of him

He likes me instead of him