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Ans CH06
Ans CH06
Answersareinblue.
For Exercises 1- 15, mark the answers true and false as follows:
A. True
B. False
Given the following state of memory (in hexadecimal), answer Exercises 16 through 20 by matching
the problem to the solution shown.
0001 A2
0002 11
0003 00
0004 FF
A. A2 11
B. A2 12
C. 00 02
D. 11 00
E. 00 FF
16. What are the contents of the A register after the execution of this instruction?
C1 00 01
21. What does it mean when we say that a computer is a programmable device?
Programmable means that data and instructions are logically the same and are stored in the same
place. The consequence of this fact is that the program the computer executes is not wired into the
hardware but entered from outside.
22. List five operations that any machine language must include.
There must be machine-language instructions to store, retrieve, and process data, to input data and
to output data. These instructions mirror the operations of the von Neumann machine.
23. How many low-level tasks can each machine language instruction perform?
A machine language instruction can perform only one low-level task.
24. What is a virtual machine? Discuss this definition in terms of the Pep/8 computer.
A virtual machine is a hypothetical machine designed to illustrate important features of a real
computer. The Pep/8 computer is a virtual machine designed to illustrate the features of the von
Neumann architecture. It has instructions to store, retrieve, and process data as well as instructions
to input and output data.
25. How many bits does an instruction take in Pep/8?
The instructions in Pep/8 are variable length.
26. Describe the features of the Pep/8 CPU that we covered in this chapter.
There is one register for arithmetic and logical operations: the A register (the accumulator). There
is a Program Counter that contains the address of the next instruction to be executed and the
Instruction Register that contains the instruction being executed. An operand may be immediate
(stored in the instruction specifier) or direct (stored in the place named in the instruction specifier).
27. Where is the data (operand) if the address mode specifier is:
A. 000
B. 001
A. in the instruction specifier
B. in the place named in the instruction specifier
28. We discussed two mode specifiers. How many are there?
8
29. Distinguish between the IR (instruction register) and the PC (program counter).
The IR contains an instruction (the one being executed); the PC contains an address (the address of
the next instruction to be executed).
30. How many bits are required to address the Pep/8 memory?
The Pep/8 memory contains 65,536 bytes, so 16 bits are required to address each one.
31. How many more cells could be added to memory without having to change the instruction format?
Justify your answer.
None. The operand specifier could not address more than the current memory.
32. Some Pep/8 instructions are unary, taking only one byte. Other instructions require three bytes.
Write "N"
Write 4E (hex)
Write "e"
Write 65 (hex)
Write "l"
Write 6C (hex)
Write "l"
Write 6C (hex)
36. Write the machine-language program to implement the algorithm in Exercise 35.
50 00 4E 50 00 65 50 00 6C 50 00 6C zz
37. Write the algorithm for writing out your name, given that the implementation language is Pep/8
assembly language.
Write "Nell"
Write "N"
Write "e"
Write "l"
Write "l"
38. Write the assembly-language program to implement the algorithm in Exercise 37.
CHARO 0x004e,i ;Output 'N'
CHARO 0x0065,i ;Output 'e'
CHARO 0x006C,i ;Output 'l'
CHARO 0x006C,i ;Output 'l'
STOP.END
39. Rewritethemachinelanguageprogramin6.4,usingdirectaddressing.
Directaddressingrequirestheabilitytostorevaluesintotheaddressesfromwhichyouareto
extractvalues.Wedidnotcoverthisinthetext.IfyouwenttoPep/8documentationandfounda
waytodothis,morepowertoyou.
40. DistinguishbetweenthePep/8menuoptionsAssemble,Load,andExecute(run).