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Unit 3 Water For Print
Unit 3 Water For Print
Unit 3 Water For Print
Water
Water is essential for all life on Earth. most of the planet is covered in water,
but less than 3% is fresh water, which is the type plants need for growing
and animals need for drinking. The other type of water is salt water, which is
contained in our seas and oceans.
Can you think of all the things we use water for?
How do we get water?
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Types of bodies of water
SPRING OCEAN
Questions
1. What percentage of the Earths water is salt water? where can we find it?
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River Mio
Questions
1. Read the definitions below and match them to
the correct term: river basin, spring, tributary,
source, rain
2. The Sil feeds the Mio river. A smaller river that feeds into a bigger river is a
1. Complete the chart with the missing information. Then add information about the
longest river in Spain.
2. Does the longest river have the fastest flow? which column gives you this information?
3. Which countries does the River Nile flow through? Which continent is the river located
on?
Average flow
Length
Name Location (cubic metres /
(kilometres)
second)
500
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Bodies of water
If you look at a map, you will see that most of our planet is covered in water.
no wonder it is called the blue planet!
Bodies of water range in size from enormous oceans to small streams and
everything in between.
Oceans
Seas
A sea is a large body of salt water similar to
oceans, but smaller.
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There are approximately 70 seas in the world. Some of the most important include the
Mediterranean Sea, the South China Sea, and the Bering Sea.
Lakes
Lakes are large encloses bodies of fresh water. Can you name any Spanish lakes?
Rivers
A river is water that flows over the ground, usually towards a body of water, such an
ocean, lake or another river.
Questions
1. Explain the dierence between a sea and an ocean.
3. Which seas and oceans from the text are on the map. Which continent can we see?
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River basin
Rivers that flow into seas flow into a drainage basin. this is an area of sea or ocean
where rivers meet. for example the drainage basin for the river Mio is the Atlantic
Ocean.
We talk about rivers in three stages. each stage refers to a certain type of flow and
landscape.
1. Upper course: here a river is fast-flowing and travels down a steep slope, away from
the source.
2. Middle course:
here it flows more
slowly on gentle slopes
and plains. it also
meanders, forms a
bend in the river.
Activities:
4. Find images of the rivers in all three stages. do the stages look very dierent
physically? if so, how?
5. Research which rivers in Spain have the Atlantic Ocean as their drainage basin.
6. Find out about a Galician river. Which stages of the river can you see? where is its
source and its mouth? Does it have a drainage basin?
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Rivers in Spain
Thousands of rivers flow across the Iberian Peninsula, but most of them are
quite small and dry up during the summer months. Some of Spain largest
rivers flow for hundreds of kilometres through many villages, towns and
cities. These rivers are used for agriculture, such as for irrigating fruit and
vegetables. they also provide both wild animals and people with drinking
water.
Questions
1. Which river only flows throng one autonomous community?
2. Look at the map. which rivers form parto of the border with Portugal?
3. Which rivers flow towards the Atlantic Ocean? Which rivers flow towards the
Mediterranean Sea?
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From the source to the estuary
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River Source Route Estuary
Cantabria, Castilla y
Pico Tres Mares
Len, La Rioja, Pas
Ebro (Cordillera Mediterranean sea
Vasco, Navarra, Aragn,
Cantbrica)
Catalua
Picos de Urbin
Duero Castilla y Len, Portugal Atlantic Ocean
(Sistema Ibrico)
Sierra de Cazorla
Guadalquivir Andaluca Atlantic Ocean
(Cordillera Btica)
Questions:
4. Which river flows through the city of Sevilla and creates Spain only commercial river
port?
5. Find the rivers on the map that are not in the chart above and complete the
information about them.
6. Rivers are very important for agriculture and drinking water. find out what else we use
rivers for.
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The water cycle
The constant movement of water around the Earth is called the water cycle.
this cycle includes the changes of state of water, and how this water travels
over land, in bodies of water and in the atmosphere. lets look at each phase
of the water cycle in detail.
Evaporation
Heat from the Sun warms the water in seas, oceans, rivers and lakes. this causes some of
the water to evaporate.
Plants also contribute to this process through transpiration. this is when they lose water
through their leaves.
Condensation
The water vapor in the air rises and cools. As it cools, it turns into water droplets and ice,
which form clouds.
Clouds appear white because the water droplets reflect light. the darker the cloud looks,
the more water droplets it contains.
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Precipitation
The water droplets constantly move around within the cloud. when they bump into each
other, they combine and grow in size.
When these droplets become bigger, they become too heavy to stay in the cloud and fall
to the ground as precipitation.
Some of the ice on mountain tops and in the ice caps skips the melting phase and
evaporates directly into the air. This is called sublimation (is the transition of a
substance directly from the solid to the gas phase without passing through the liquid
phase).
Collection
This precipitation falls and collects in bodies of water such as rivers and lakes.it also falls
on the ground and is absorbed by the soil. this is called groundwater.
Rivers and groundwater carry this water back to the seas and oceans, where it evaporates
all over again.
Questions
1. Find out at what temperature water changes from a liquid into a solid and from a liquid
into a gas.
2. Investigate the reason why rain clouds look darker than white clouds.
3. How much of the Earth fresh water is stored in glaciers and ice caps?
4. Investigate what causes sublimation. Which stage does sublimation miss out?
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Groundwater
Many people do not realize that a very large amount of water lies below the
Earth surface. in fact, there is more water underground than in all the world
rivers and lakes combined.
This water formas when the ground absorbs precipitation. it sinks down into
the ground and collects in the holes and spaces in the rock to form
groundwater.
The water travels through the soil by finding routes in porous rocks (rocks with holes in
them).
Water sinks into the ground and collects to form aquifers. These are underground
collections of water.
Most aquifers lie in layers of saturated soil that lie above impermeable rock (rocks that do
not have any holes in them).
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Accessing groundwater
Questions
1. Write the definition of aquifer. What does saturated mean?
3. Where does the water that forms groundwater come from? How does it travel through
the ground?
4. Find out what the boundary between groundwater and unsaturated soil is called. Why
is it important to know where it is?
5. Investigate how groundwater can become polluted. Can we prevent this? if so, how?
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Find out. Make a river basin
Idea: we can make a model of our own river basin (Mio basin)
Materials
iPads apps
Cardboard
Toothpicks
Strips of paper
Pencil
Sticky tape
Process/carry out
Look up information of the Mio river basin.
2. Stick on green, blue, and brown plasticine for the land, water and relief. Add as many
details as you want.
3. Lastly, use the paper, toothpicks and sticky tape to label the dierent parts of the river
basin.
Follow up
1. How does the landscape change along the course of the river? where is the relief
highest?
3. Have you added snow to your model? Where would you add a waterfall?
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Review
1. Copy and complete
a. A river flows fast in ints ___________ and travels away form its___________.
b. When it reaches its middle course, it flows more ___________ on plains and begins
to___________.
c. In its___________, the river widens as it nears the sea or lake, forming an___________.
Here it flows very slowly.
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3. Match. Then write full sentences in your notebook.
a. Groundwater
b. Aquifers
c. Springs
1.___________ are pockets of water that develop where precipitation collects in the
ground.
4. Work in your groups. Order the words in the questions and then answer them.
The fast finisher say. FINISH!
a. sea/is/what/a?
b. river/parts/of/name/four/a
c. water/of/three/are/what/the/states?
d. five/all/name/oceans
e. longest/is/world/in/river/the/ what/the?
f. rivers/ Spain/name/five/in
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Term 1 Review
Read the quiz and write the answer in your notebook
3. What was the name of the first animal which went into space? What type of animal
was she?
6. Name three types of cloud and the type of weather they bring.
7. What do we call the stage of the water cycle in which clouds form?
CONTEST
Get into teams. Take it in turns to guess what the other team is talking about.
Team 1 Team 2
1. This word means equal night 1.The rise and fall in seas and oceans
caused by the Moon and Sun.
2. This line of latitude divides the
Earth into two hemispheres. 2. This line of longitude is the standard
agains which all the wold clocks are set.
3. This word describes the amount of
water vapor present in the air. 3. The measure of how hot or cold
something is.
4. On this scale, water freezes at 0.
4. On this scale, water freezes at 32.
5. A large enclosed body of fresh water.
5. A body of salt water that is similar to
6. All the land through which a river
an ocean, but smaller.
flows.
6. An area of sea or ocean that rivers
flow into.
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