Thực Hành Chuyên Sâu

Thc hnh chuyn su Nguyn Thanh Tr
B13DCVT373
MC LC
1 CHNG 1 : DCH V HSI.............................................................................................
1.1 C S L THUYT.........................................................................................1
1.1.1 Tng quan dch v HSI...............................................................................1
1.1.2 Cc giao thc ch yu c s dng trong dch v HSI.............................1
1.1.3 B giao thc PPP/PPPoE............................................................................2
1.1.4 Cc thnh phn chnh trong mng cung cp dch v HSI...........................3
1.2 CC BI TH NGHIM / THC HNH.........................................................4
1.2.1 Mc tiu chung:...........................................................................................4
1.2.2 Bi thc hnh s 1:......................................................................................4
1.2.3 Bi thc hnh s 2:......................................................................................9
2 CHNG 2: TRUYN HNH IPTV..........................................................................
2.1 C S L THUYT......................................................................................14
2.1.1 Tng quan v IPTV...................................................................................14
2.1.2 Cu trc mng cung cp dch v MyTV...................................................14
2.1.3 C ch hot ng ca MyTV....................................................................15
2.1.4 Nguyn l hot ng cc dch v c bn ca MyTV................................15
2.2 THNH PHN H THNG MyTV...............................................................16
2.2.1 H thng MyTV........................................................................................16
2.2.2 Phn pht d liu VoD...............................................................................17
2.2.3 Phn pht d liu LiveTV (Muticast).......................................................17
2.2.4 M hnh Lab th nghim...........................................................................18
2.3 Qu trnh thc hin v kt qu..........................................................................18
3 M PHNG QUANG S DNG PHN MM OPTISYSTEM..............................
3.1 CC NG DNG CA OPTISYSTEM.........................................................23
3.2 CC C IM CHNH CA OPTISYSTEM.............................................23
3.2.1 Th vin cc phn t (Component Library)..............................................23
3.2.2 Kh nng kt hp vi cc cng c phn mm khc ca Optiwave...........24
3.2.3 Cc cng c hin th..................................................................................24
3.2.4 M phng phn cp vi cc h thng con (Subsystem)............................24
3.2.5 Ngn ng Script mnh..............................................................................25
3.2.6 Thit k a lp...........................................................................................25
3.2.7 Trang bo co (Report Page).....................................................................25
3.2.8 Qut tham s v ti u ho (Parameter sweep and Optimization)............25
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3.3 KT QU THC HNH................................................................................25
3.3.1 Bi thc hnh s 1.....................................................................................25
3.3.2 Bi thc hnh s 2.....................................................................................33
3.3.3 Bi thc hnh s 3.....................................................................................37
3.3.4 Bi thc hnh s 4.....................................................................................45
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1 CHNG 1: DCH V HSI

1.1 C S L THUYT
1.1.1 Tng quan dch v HSI
HSI High Speed Internet l dch v truy cp internet tc cao c nh, cc li

ch do internet mang li cho con ngi l rt ln. Thng qua internet ta c th
lt web, xem phim, ca nhac, o to trc tuyn, y t t xa, camera IP ....
Cc cng ngh s dng truy nhp dch v HSI bao gm: ADSL 2+, VDSL
2, Fast Ethernet (Truy nhp trn cp quang FTTH), xPON (cng ngh mng
quang th ng) , TDM (Thng c s dng cho dch v internet trc tip).
Ty theo cng ngh truy nhp m tc truy nhp c khc nhau, vd: tc
down/up ln nht i vi dch v ADSL 2+ l 24M/1M, VDSL 2 l 100M/100M,
GPON l 2,5G/1G, v dch v internet trc tip da trn cng ngh TDM l
2M/2M.
1.1.2 Cc giao thc ch yu c s dng trong dch v HSI
HTTP: Hyper Text Transfer Protocol l giao thc thuc lp ng dng

dng trao i thng tin gia my ch cung cp dch v web- web servser
v cc my s dng dch v web- web client.
DNS: Domain Name System L giao thc c s dng khi truy cp
internet, n c nhim v phn gii a ch URL- www.dantri.com.vn thnh
a ch IP-123.30.53.12.
B giao thc TCP/IP: Transmission Coltrol Protocol/Internet
Protocol l b giao thc dng truyn ti thng tin trong mng internet.
B giao thc PPP/PPPoE: c s dng thit lp kt ni gia
Modem vi mng internet, kt qu l modem c BRAS cung cp cho a
ch IP public dng truy nhp internet.
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1.1.3 B giao thc PPP/PPPoE
Hnh 0.1 Cc phin PPP/PPPoE

Phin PPPoE: c thit lp trc dng ng gi s liu phin
ppp trong khung ethernet, kt qu l modem v bras bit c a ch MAC
ca nhau v ID phin c thit lp. N bao gm cc bn tin PADI, PADO,
PADR, PADS, PADT.
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Phin PPP: c thit lp sau phin PPPoE, bao gm cc pha sau:

Pha thit lp: LCP thit lp, iu chnh cu hnh, hy b lin kt. Kt thc
bng cc bn tin ACK.
Pha xc thc: c thc hin sau pha thit lp, xc thc username v
password
Pha mng: c thc hin sau pha xc thc, thit lp, iu chnh cu
hnh, hy b vic truyn s liu ca giao thc lp mng IP. Kt thc bng
bn tin ACK cung cp a ch IP cho modem
Pha kt thc: c thc hin khi ngt kt ni, yu cu c a ra c th

t modem hoc t BRAS, cc bn tin termination LCP, PADT.
1.1.4 Cc thnh phn chnh trong mng cung cp dch v HSI
Hnh 0.2 Chng giao thc dch v HSI

Modem: ng vai tr cng kt ni ti internet cho cc my tnh thuc
mng LAN pha khch hng, ty theo cch truy nhp mng m c cc loi
modem ADSL, FTTH. Thc hin phin kt ni PPP/PPPoE ti BRAS, kt
qu nhn c a ch IP public do BRAS cung cp vo internet.
IP DSLAM, Switch L2: ng vai tr nh mt thit b mng lp 2
switch trn mng nhm tp trung lu lng, cc thu bao truy cp internet.
Vi cng ngh truy nhp xDSL (dch v ADSL, VDSL ) dng IP DSLAM,
vi cng ngh truy nhp Ethernet ( Dch v FTTH- Fiber To The Home)
dng Switch L2 c cc cng truy nhp quang. Cc IP DSLAM, Switch L2
kt ni n BRAS theo cc VLAN thng qua mng truyn ti MAN E
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Mng truyn ti MAN E: Da trn cng ngh EoMPLS, to cc
ng kt ni lp 2 VLL(Virtual Leased Line), ni IP DSLAM, Switch L2
ti BRAS.
Bras v Radius Server: ng vai tr xc thc username v password
ca thu bao s dng dch v internet, tnh cc ngoi ra BRAS cung cp a
ch IP public cho modem v c chc nng nh tuyn ra mi trng Internet.
Cc bc thit lp v s dng dch v:
Nh cung cp dch v khai bo Account thu bao bao gm cc thng s:
username, password, cc tham s v cng kt ni trn IP DSLAM, L2
Switch, tc truy nhp thng qua Webserver. Sau c s d liu xc
thc thu bao c chuyn n Server database LDAP
Thit lp ng truyn vt l gia MODEM v IP DSLAM hoc L2
Switch: cp ng hoc cp quang.
Cu hnh MODEM, thit lp phin kt ni PPP/PPPoE ti BRAS xc
thc, BRAS hi RADIUS, RADIUS hi LDAP. Nu xc thc thnh cng
BRAS cung cp 01 a ch IP Public cho MODEM.
S dng dch v, cc my tnh trong mng LAN ca khch hng vo c
Internet
1.2 CC BI TH NGHIM / THC HNH
1.2.1 Mc tiu chung:
Hiu c m hnh cung cp dch v HIS ca cc nh cung cp

dch v internet hin nay
Bn cht giao thc kt ni PPP/PPPoE c s dng trong cung cp dch
v
Cch thit lp, cu hnh, bo dng dch v HSI
1.2.2 Bi thc hnh s 1:
Tn bi: BTH-DV-HSI-01-CONFIG
1.2.2.1 Mc ch - yu cu
Mc ch: Gip sinh vin nm c cc bc v cc thng s c bn cu

hnh
modem ADSL s dng dch v HIS
Yu cu: Nm c cc nguyn l hot ng ca lp mng, m hnh 7 lp
OSI
1.2.2.2 Chun b
1.2.2.2.1 L thuyt
Tng quan v dch v HIS
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Cc thnh phn chnh trong mng cung cp dch v HIS
M hnh thc hin
1.2.2.2.2 M hnh thc hin, trang thit b, dng c:
Ti khon truy nhp internet c khai bo trn BRAS:

username=cdit, password=cdit
Modem c bt ngun v kt ni ti IP DSLAM qua mng cp ng
My tnh bt sn v kt ni ti modem qua cp CAT5 RJ45
1.2.2.3 Ni dung
1.2.2.3.1 Cc bc thc hin
Bc 1: t a ch IP ng cho my tnh my tnh nhn c IP do modem

cp.
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Kim tra vic cp pht IP: Vo cmd g ipconfig, cp pht IP thnh cng cho my
tnh 192.168.1.2 vi Default Gateway l 192.168.1.1
Bc 2: Dng trnh duyt truy cp vo a ch modem: http:// 192.168.1.1 g

user v password cu hnh modem
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Bc 3: Cu hnh giao din wan ca modem kt ni ti internet vi cc

thng
s kt ni c bn nh sau:
Click Interface setup ---> Internet, thit lp cc tham s:
Cc tham s mch o PVC thuc lp ATM: VPI=0, VCI=33, tham s ny
ph thuc vo cu hnh DSLAM
Loi kt ni: PPPoE
Kiu ng gi: PPPoE LLC
PPPoE: nhp username= hndsl-140211-309 v password= d546309 (ti
khon v mt khu s c nh cung cp dch v cp cho sau khi mnh
ng k internet) y l mng Fpt telecom.
Lu cu hnh: Ko chut xung click nt save lu cu hnh khai bo.
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1.2.2.3.2 Ghi nhn phn tch kt qu:
Kt qu mong mun:
Giao din wan modem nhn c a ch IP do BRAS cp
Truy cp vo c internet.
Kt qu thc hin:
BRAS cp cho giao din wan ca Modem a ch IP: 58.187.36.104
Truy cp vo c internet.
Kim tra kt ni n BRAS:
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Truy cp Internet: http://ptit.edu.vn
1.2.3 Bi thc hnh s 2:

Tn bi: BTH-DV-HSI-02-INTERNET
1.2.3.1 Mc ch Yu cu
1.2.3.1.1 Mc ch:
Hiu c ngha v kim chng th tc PPP/PPPoE
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Tm hiu lung s liu trao i khi truy nhp internet s dng cc giao
thc HTTP, DNS. Nhn dng c cc gi tin theo a ch MAC, IP
1.2.3.1.2 Yu cu:
S dng phn mm Wireshark

Nm c cc phin v pha c bn trong th tc kt ni PPP/PPPoE.
Hiu c ngha ca cc giao thc HTTP,DNS, TCP/IP
1.2.3.2 Chun b
1.2.3.2.1 L thuyt
Tng quan v dch v HIS

Cc giao thc ch yu c s dng trong dch v HIS
Cc phin v pha c bn trong th tc kt ni PPP/PPPoE
1.2.3.2.2 M hnh thc hin, trang thit b, dng c:
Modem c cu hnh truy nhp internet bnh thng.

My tnh ci t phn mm wireshark v thit b modem, my tnh
1.2.3.3 Ni dung:
1.2.3.3.1 Cc bc thc hin:
Bc 1: Bt phn mm WireShark trn 02 my tnh ti cc im bt nh hnh

v.
Bc 2: Tt Modem, sau bt li.
Bc 3: Truy nhp vo internet.
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Bc 4: Tt Modem.
1.2.3.3.2 Ghi nhn phn tch kt qu:
Kt qu mong mun:
Bt c cc bn tin m t cc phin, pha trong th tc kt ni
PPP/PPPoE
Flow c qu trnh PPP/PPPoE nh trong l thuyt.
Bt c cc bn tin m t giao thc HTTP, DNS khi truy nhp internet
ch ra v phn bit c a ch MAC ngun, ch, IP ngun, ch.
Kt qu thc hin:
Cc bn tin m t giao thc DNS khi truy cp internet:
Bn tin giao thc DNS hi a ch IP trang web c URL:
http://www.techrum.vn/
Bn tin DNS tr v phn gii a ch URL: http://www.techrum.vn/

thnh 8 a ch IP nh trong hnh bn di.
Bn tin UDP
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IP ngun: 192.168.1.1
MAC ngun: 64:70:02:b2:c8:be
IP ch: 192.168.1.2
MAC ch: 00:26:6c:d5:30:9c
Bt c cc bn tin m t giao thc HTTP: Bao gm cc gi tin HTTP

GET yu cu d liu web v HTTP OK thng bo l ng gi:
Bn tin HTTP GET yu cu d liu n server 54.230.162.253
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Bn tin HTTP /1.1 200 OK c gi t Web server n PC 192.168.1.2
c ni dung nh sau:
Bn tin TCP
IP ngun: 192.168.1.2
MAC ngun: 00:26:6c:d5:30:9c
IP ch: 54.230.162.253
MAC ch: 64:70:02:b2:c8:be
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2 CHNG 2: TRUYN HNH IPTV

2.1 C S L THUYT
2.1.1 Tng quan v IPTV
IPTV (Internet Protocol TV) - l mng truyn hnh s dng CSHT

truyn ti IP. Cc user c th thng qua my vi tnh PC hoc my thu hnh
ph thng cng vi hp phi ghp Set top box (STB) s dng dch v
IPTV.
IPTV bao gm 3 dch v chnh l Truyn hnh qung b - Broadcast TV
(BTV), Truyn hnh theo yu cu Video on Demand (VoD) v nhm dch
v tng tc nh truyn thanh (Broadcast Radio), tr chi trc tuyn (Game
Online), Thng tin (Information), cc dch v chia s a phng tin (Media
Sharing), dch v lu tr (usage data), dch v qung co
Hin nay trn mng c 1 s nh cung cp dch v IPTV nh VNPT
(MyTV),Viettel (NextTV),FPT (iTV),VTC
IPTV c th truyn khai trn mng vin thng IP cng nh trn mng
truyn hnh cp HFC, tuy nhin trong khun kh bi thc hnh ny s tp
trung vo tm hiu v dch v MyTV do VNPT cung cp (c trin khai
trn mng vin thng IP ca VNPT).
2.1.2 Cu trc mng cung cp dch v MyTV
Hnh 2.3 Cu trc tng qut mng cung cp dch v MyTV

Mng truy nhp:pha ngi dng s dng cc thit b nhModem
(ADSL hoc FTTx), Set-top-box (STB).
Mng truyn ti IP: i vi cc knh truyn hnh qung b (BTV) trn

mng ny s sdng k thutnh tuyn Multicast cp pht ni dung t
ngun (source) n cc ngi dng IPTV (ch) vic s dng ti nguyn
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mng truyn ti hiu qu. i vi dch v VoD th mt kt niim-im
sc thit lp gia ngi s dng v ngun pht ni dung.
Mng cung cp ni dung:Phn mng ny bao gm chc nng thu thp

ni dung thng tin, lu tr v pht ccni dung nyn thu bao. Ngun ni
dung c m ha trc khi cung cp ti cc ngi dng u cui.
2.1.3 C ch hot ng ca MyTV
dch v MyTV c th hot ng cn phi tri qua cc bc sau y:
STB nhn c IP chnh xc t DHCP Server trong mng cung cp ni

dung.
Sau khi nhn c a ch IP chnh xc STB xc thc thnh cng vi EPG
Server (Electronic Program Guides) trong mng cung cp ni dung. Sau
STB xc thc thnh cng, dch v MyTV c s dng bnh thng.
Nh vy MyTV hot ng bnh thng m bo nh sau:
CPE c cu hnh chnh xc STB thng vi DHCP Server trong
mng cung cp ni dung v nhn c a ch IP chnh xc.
STB c cu hnh chnh xc c th xc thc thnh cng.
2.1.4 Nguyn l hot ng cc dch v c bn ca MyTV
Nguyn l hot ng ca dch v BTV(LiveTV):Dch v LiveTV hin

ti do VNPT cung cp s dng giao thc IGMPv2 ly ngun t BTV Server.
Flow dch v :
STB gi gi tin IGMP Report / Join Group (sau lung Multicast v
STB).
IGMP Router ( y l DSLAM hoc L2SW c tnh nng IGMP
Snooping) gi u n gi tin IGMP Query / STB nhn c s tr li bng
gi tin IGMP Membership Report.
STB gi gi tin IGMP Report / Leave Group.
Dch v VoD hin ti do VNPT cung cp s dng giao thc RTSP ly
ngun t VoD Server. Flow dch v (STB gi cc gi tin RTSP thit lp
phin kt ni v VoD Server tr li bng cc gi tin RTSP REPLY 200 OK)
:
STB gi gi tin RTSP DESCRIBE.
Sau khi nhn c phn hi t VoD Server, STB gi gi tin RTSP
SETUP.
Sau , STB gi gi tin RTSP PLAY khi bt u xem phim (C lung
Unicast v STB).
STB gi gi tin RTSP PAUSE khi tm dng xem phim.
STB gi gi tin RTSP TEARDOWN khi kt thc xem phim.
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2.2 THNH PHN H THNG MyTV
2.2.1 H thng MyTV
Hnh 2.4 S kt ni h thng MyTV
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2.2.2 Phn pht d liu VoD
Hnh 2.5 Phn tn d liu VoD (Unicast)

2.2.3 Phn pht d liu LiveTV (Muticast)
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Hnh 2.6 Phn tn d liu LiveTV (Muticast)
2.2.4 M hnh Lab th nghim
Hnh 2.7 Cu hnh th nghim ti LAB

2.3 Qu trnh thc hin v kt qu
2.3.1.1 Bi thc hnh s 1
2.3.1.1.1 Mc ch - Yu cu
Mc ch: Gip sinh vin c kin thc c bn:

Hiu c nguyn tc hot ng ca dch v MyTV
Cu hnh c thit b u cui dch v MyTV hot ng bnh thng.
Yu cu:
Sinh vin hiu m hnh tng th v c cu hot ng ca dch v MyTV.
Sinh vin v c bn bit ci t v s dng phn mm Wireshark.
2.3.1.1.2 Ni dung
a) Cc bc thc hin:
Cu hnh CPE:
Bc 1: Tm thi ngt kt ni dch v n CPE, sau loi b ton b cc ngun

DHCP trong mng LAN kt ni vi STB
Kim tra trong mng LAN kt ni ti STB c ngun DHCP no khng, nu c
th ngt kt ni ca ngun DHCP ra khi mng LAN kt ni ti STB.
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B ch cp DHCP ca CPE i vi cng kt ni ti STB (trnh trng hp
STB nhn IP t DHCP Server ca CPE).
Bc 2: Kt ni t nh cung cp dch v n CPE, sau cu hnh CPE STB c
th thng ti c DHCP Server mng cung cp ni dung:
i vi modem xDSL cu hnh 1 PVC c VPI/VCI trng vi VPI/VCI c
cu hnh trn DSLAM kt ni ti VLAN BTV, sau cu hnh Port Binding
(Port Mapping) ti cng kt ni ti STB ( STB c th kt ni ti c
DHCP Server mng cung cp ni dung).
Cu hnh STB (ZTE/Huawei):
Bc 1: Cu hnh STB
Bt STB, vo phn cu hnh bng cch bm SET v nhp mt khu 6321.
Chn cc bc cu hnh : C bn / C dy / DHCP sau nhp thng tin ti
khon.
Lu cu hnh vo khi ng li STB.
Bc 2: Bt log kt qu
Khi STB khi ng li thc hin capture Wireshark vi filter bootp cho in
khi dch v s dng bnh thng. Sau chp nh mn hnh.
Khi dch v s dng bnh thng, tip tc thc hin Capture Wireshark trong
vng 5 pht.
Sau khi stop capture, click chut phi vo gi tin bt k chn Decode As /
Chn RTP , Apply. Sau chn Telephony / RPT / Show all Streams sau
chp nh mn hnh.
b) Ghi nhn phn tch kt qu
Kt qu mong mun
Dch v MyTV hot ng bnh thng, xem c knh IPTV trn TV

Sau khi ng li STB nhn ng IP ca c cp DHCP ca VASC (Trn
Wireshark bt c 4 gi tin DHCP).
Kt qu thc hin
Hnh chp mn hnh Wireshark ( 4 gi tin Discover/ Offer/ Request/ Ack

v thng tin gi tin Ack).
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Hnh chp mn hnh Wireshark bt c duy nht 1 lung UDP cho TV.
2.3.1.2 Bi thc hnh s 2
2.3.1.2.1 Mc ch - Yu cu
Mc ch:
Hiu c cc dng khc nhau trong nhm dch v IPTV v bit c flow ca
cc dch v Video c bn BTV v VoD
Yu cu:
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M hnh tng th v c cu hot ng ca dch v MyTV.
Ci t v s dng phn mm Wireshark.
2.3.1.2.2 Ni dung
a) Cc bc thc hin
Bc 1: Bt gi tin flow dch v BTV (Thi gian thc hin 5 pht):

Laptop bt u bt gi tin vi filter igmp
STB xem 1 knh LiveTV trong khong 5 pht.
STB chuyn knh v Laptop ngng bt gi tin, lu li log.
Chp mn hnh log bt c.
Bc 2 : Bt gi tin flow dch v VoD (Thi gian thc hin 5 pht):
Laptop bt u bt goi tin vi filter rtsp.
STB 1 b phim VoD.
Sau khi xem khong 2 pht, STB tm dng (pause) sau tip tc xem.
STB tip tc xem thm khong 2 pht th dng. Ngng bt gi tin v lu li
log.
Chp mn hnh log bt c.
b) Ghi nhn phn tch kt qu
Kt qu mong mun
Bc 1: File log c y cc gi tin IGMP Report / Join Group, IGMP Query,

IGMP Report / Leave Group theo ng th t nh trong c s l thuyt.
Bc 2: File log c y cc gi tin RTSP theo c s l thuyt.
Kt qu thc hin
Bc 1: nh chp Wireshark vi filter igmp.
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Hnh 2.8 Filter igmp
Bc 2: nh chp Wireshark vi filter rtsp
- PC bt gi tien vi filter rtsp vi wireshark

- STB xem mt b phim VoD
- Sau khi xem khong 2 pht, STB tm dng sau xem tip
- STB tip tc xem n khong 2 pht th ngng bt gi tin v lu li file
log
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3 M PHNG QUANG S DNG PHN MM OPTISYSTEM
Cng vi s bng n v nhu cu thng tin, cc h thng thng tin quang
ngy cng tr nn phc tp. phn tich, thit k cc h thng ny bt buc phi
s dng cc cng c m phng
OptiSystem l phn mm m phng h thng thng tin quang. Phn mm
ny c kh nng thit k, o kim tra v thc hin ti u ha rt nhiu loi tuyn
thng tin quang, da trn kh nng m hnh ha cc h thng thng tin quang
trong thc t. Bn cnh , phn mm ny cng c th d dng m rng do ngi
s dng c th a thm cc phn t t nh ngha vo.
Phn mm c giao din thn thin, kh nng hin th trc quan.
3.1 CC NG DNG CA OPTISYSTEM
Optisystem cho php thit k t ng hu ht cc loi tuyn thng tin quang
lp vt l, t h thng ng trc cho n cc mng LAN, MAN quang. Cc
ng dng c th bao gm:
Thit k h thng thng tin quang t mc phn t n mc h thng lp vt
l
Thit k mng TDM/WDM v CATV
Thit k mng FTTx da trn mng quang th ng (PON)
Thit k h thng ROF (radio over fiber)
Thit k b thu, b pht, b khuch i quang
Thit k s tn sc
nh gi BER v penalty ca h thng vi cc m hnh b thu khc nhau
Tnh ton BER v qu cng sut tuyn ca cc h thng c sng dng khuch
i quang.
..
3.2 CC C IM CHNH CA OPTISYSTEM

3.2.1 Th vin cc phn t (Component Library)
Optisystem c mt th vin cc phn t phong ph vi hng trm phn t

c m hnh ha c p ng ging nh cc thit b trong thc t. C th bao
gm:
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Th vin ngun quang
Th vin cc b thu quang
Th vin si quang
Th vin cc b khuch i (quang, in)
Th vin cc b MUX, DEMUX
Th vin cc b lc (quang, in)
Th vin cc phn t FSO
Th vin cc phn t truy nhp
Th vin cc phn t th ng (quang, in)
Th vin cc phn t x l tn hiu (quang, in)
Th vin cc phn t mng quang
Th vin cc thit b o quang, o in
Ngoi cc phn t c nh ngha sn, Optisystem cn c:

Cc phn t Measured components. Vi cc phn t ny, Optisystem cho php
nhp cc tham s c o t cc thit b thc ca cc nh cung cp khc nhau.
Cc phn t do ngi s dng t nh ngha (User-defined Components)
3.2.2 Kh nng kt hp vi cc cng c phn mm khc ca Optiwave
Optisystem cho php ngi dng s dng kt hp vi cc cng c phn

mm khc ca Optiwave nh OptiAmplifier, OptiBPM, OptiGrating,
WDM_Phasar v OptiFiber thit k mc phn t.
3.2.3 Cc cng c hin th
Optisystem c y cc thit b o quang, o in. Cho php hin th

tham s, dng, cht lng tn hiu ti mi im trn h thng.
Thit b o quang:
Phn tch ph (Spectrum Analyzer)
Thit b o cng sut (Optical Power Meter)
Thit b o min thi gian quang (Optical Time Domain Visualizer)
Thit b phn tch WDM (WDM Analyzer)
Thit b phn tch phn cc (Polarization Analyzer)
Thit b o phn cc (Polarization Meter)...
Thit b o in:
Oscilloscope
Thit b phn tch ph RF (RF Spectrum Analyzer)
Thit b phn tch biu hnh mt (Eye Diagram Analyzer)
Thit b phn tch li bit (BER Analyzer)
24
Thit b o cng sut (Electrical Power Meter)
Thit b phn tch sng mang in (Electrical Carrier Analyzer)...
3.2.4 M phng phn cp vi cc h thng con (Subsystem)
vic m phng c thc hin mt cch linh hot v hiu qu,

Optisystem cung cp m hnh m phng ti cc mc khc nhau, bao gm mc h
thng, mc h thng con v mc phn t.
3.2.5 Ngn ng Script mnh
Ngi s dng c th nhp cc biu din s hc ca tham s v to ra cc

tham s ton cc. Cc tham s ton cc ny s c dng chung cho tt c cc
phn t v h thng con ca h thng nh s dng chung ngn ng VB Script.
3.2.6 Thit k a lp
Trong mt file d n, Optisystem cho php to ra nhiu thit k, nh

ngi s dng c th to ra v sa i cc thit k mt cch nhanh chng v hiu
qu. Mi file d n thit k ca Optisystem c th cha nhiu phin bn thit k.
Mi phin bn c tnh ton v thay i mt cch c lp nhng kt qu tnh
ton ca cc phin bn khc nhau c th c kt hp li, cho php so snh cc
phin bn thit k mt cch d dng.
3.2.7 Trang bo co (Report Page)
Trang bo co ca Optisystem cho php hin th tt c hoc mt phn cc

tham s cng nh cc kt qu tnh ton c ca thit k ty theo yu cu ca
ngi s dng. Cc bo co to ra c t chc di dng text, dng bng tinh,
th 2D v 3D. Cng c th kt xut bo co di dng file HTML hoc di dng
cc file template nh dng trc.
3.2.8 Qut tham s v ti u ho (Parameter sweep and Optimization)
Qu trnh m phng c th thc hin lp li mt cch t ng vi cc gi tr

khc nhau ca tham s a ra cc phng n khc nhau ca thit k. Ngi s
dng cng c th s dng phn ti uu ha ca Optisystem thay i gi tr ca
mt tham s no t c kt qu tt nht, xu nht hoc mt gi mc tiu
no ca thit k
3.3 KT QU THC HNH
3.3.1 Bi thc hnh s 1
3.3.1.1 Mc ch - Yu cu
Mc ch:
25
Kho st v so snh c tnh iu bin trong cc k thut iu bin khc nhau
c s dng trong b pht quang.
Yu cu:
Xy dng b pht quan laser diode s dng k thut iu bin trc tip v kho
st c tnh
Xy dng b pht quang laser diode s dng k thut iu bin ngoi dng iu
ch Mach-Zehnder v kho st c tnh
3.3.1.2 Ni dung thc hnh
a. Kho st c tnh b pht quang LD s dng iu ch trc tip
S h thng quang s dng:
Thit lp cc tham s c bn cho cc khi hot ng ti tc 2,5Gbit/s, di chui

bit bng 32 bit, s mu 512 mu/mi bit.
Kim tra v hiu chnh cc tham s dng kch thch laser trc khi chy m
phng.
S dng cc khi phn tch ph quang v my hin sng tn hiu quang v tn
hiu in quan st v phn tch tn hiu.
26
Chy m phng v thu thp kt qu cho phn tch c tnh iu ch b pht
quang trong 2 trng hp dng nh thin (bias) nh hn v ln hn dng
ngng ca laser.
Thng s ngun pht Laser:
IBIAS = 30 mA IBIAS = 38 mA
Dng sng tn hiu in
Dng sng tn hiu quang
27
Ph tn hiu quang
Chirp tn ca tn hiu quang
28
Biu mt tn hiu thu c
Nhn xt:
rng xung ca tn hiu sau iu ch c s thay i r rt trong c hai trng

hp: dng nh thin nh hn dng ngng v dng nh thin ln hn dng
ngng. Qua cho thy nh hng ca chirp tn n tn hiu iu ch.
Biu mt ca tn hiu trong trng hp dng nh thin ln hn dng
ngng c m to hn, r hn. ng thi, gi tr BER rt nh so vi trng
hp dng dnh thin nh hn dng ngng. iu ny hon ton hp l v
trng hp dng nh thin ln hn dng ngng m bo iu kin ngng
ca LD.
rng ph dng nh thin ln hn ngng hp hn rng ph dng nh
thin nh hn ngng. Ngoi ra chirp tn ca dng nh thin 30mA ln hn rt
nhiu so vi chirp tn ca dng nh thin 38mA. Vy dng nh thin ln hn
dng ngng l tt nht.
b. Kho st c tnh b pht quang LD s dng iu ch ngoi
Thit lp cc tham s c bn cho cc khi hot ng ti tc 2,5 Gbit/s, di chui

bit bng 32 bit, s mu 32 mu/mi bit.
29
Kim tra v hiu chnh cc tham s b iu ch MZM trc khi chy m

phng.
S dng cc khi phn tch ph quang v my hin sng tn hiu quang v tn
hiu in quan st v phn tch tn hiu.
Chy m phng v thu thp kt qu cho phn tch c tnh iu ch b pht
quang trong 2 trng hp h s i xng (symmetry factor) bng -1 v 0.
30
Kt qu thu c:
Symmetry factor = -1 Symmetry factor = 0
Dng sng tn hiu in
Dng sng tn hiu quang
Ph tn hiu quang
31
Chirp tn ca tn hiu quang
Biu mt tn hiu thu c
Nhn xt:
Trong trng hp iu bin trc tip, xung u ra c s thay i so vi xung
u vo do nh hng ca chirp tn. i vi trng hp iu bin ngoi, v t b
nh hng bi chirp tn nn hnh dng xung u ra gn nh khng thay i so
vi xung u vo. Ngoi ra mu mt, ph cng khng thay i nhiu.
32
3.3.2.1 Mc ch - Yu cu
Mc ch: Kho st nhy b thu quang s dng thnh phn diode thu quang khc
nhau.
Yu cu:
Xy dng b thu quang s dng PIN v kho st nhy thu
Xy dng b thu quang s dng APD v kho st nhy thu
a. Kho st nhy b thu quang s dng PIN
Thit lp cc tham s c bn cho cc khi trong s hot ng ti cc tc

2,5Gbit/s v 10 Gbit/s, di chui bit bng 128 bit, s mu 64 mu/ mi bit.
33
Kim tra v hiu chnh cc tham s suy hao ca b suy hao trc khi chy m
phng.
S dng my o cng sut quang do cng sut quang i vo b thu v khi
phn tch BER quan st biu mt v c tnh BER tn hiu thu c.
Chy m phng v thu thp kt qu ti cc gi tr suy hao quang khc nhau. (C
th s dng ch qut qut gi tr suy hao).
Gi tr suy hao t BER theo yu cu:
Tc 2,5 Gbit/s
Tc 10 Gbit/s
V ng cong BER l hm ca cng sut thu v xc nh nhy b thu ti mc

BER = 10^-10 hai tc khc nhau.
Tc Rb = 2.5 Gbps Tc Rb = 10 Gbps
Cng sut quang i vo b thu
Biu mt v c tnh BER tn hiu thu c
34
th quan h gia Cng sut tn hiu v BER
nhy thu: Pmin = -24.6 dBm nhy thu: Pmin = -21.6 dBm
b. Kho st nhy b thu quang s dng APD
Thit lp cc tham s c bn cho cc khi trong s hot ng ti cc tc

2,5Gbit/s v 10 Gbit/s, di chui bit bng 128 bit, s mu 64 mu/ mi bit.
Kim tra v hiu chnh cc tham s suy hao ca b suy hao trc khi chy m
phng.
35
S dng my o cng sut quang do cng sut quang i vo b thu v khi
phn tch BER quan st biu mt v c tnh BER tn hiu thu c.
Chy m phng v thu thp kt qu ti cc gi tr suy hao quang khc nhau. (C
th s dng ch qut qut gi tr suy hao).
Gi tr suy hao t BER theo yu cu:
Tc 2,5 Gbit/s
Tc 10 Gbit/s
Kt qu thu c:
Tc Rb = 2.5 Gbps Tc Rb = 10 Gbps
Cng sut quang i vo b thu
Biu mt v c tnh BER tn hiu thu c
36
th quan h gia Cng sut tn hiu v BER
nhy thu: Pmin = -28.7 dBm nhy thu: Pmin = -25.6 dBm
Trong trng hp iu ch trc tip, xung u ra c s thay i so vi xung

u vo do nh hng ca chirp tn. i vi trng hp iu ch ngoi, v t b
nh hng bi chirp tn nn hnh dng xung u ra gn nh khng thay i so vi
xung u vo. Ngoi ra mu mt, ph cng khng thay i nhiu.
3.3.3.1 Mc ch - Yu cu
Mc ch: Kho st tuyn truyn dn si quang.

Yu cu:
Xy dng tuyn truyn dn quang s dng si n mode chun v kho st c
tnh.
Xy dng tuyn truyn dn quang s dng si b tn sc v kho st c tnh.
a. Kho st tuyn truyn dn quang s dng si n mode chun SSMF
37
Thit lp thng s:
Kt qu thu c vi Number of Loop = 5
Dng sng tn hiu in
38
Cng sut quang pht Cng sut quang thu
Dng sng tn hiu quang pht Dng sng tn hiu quang thu
Ph tn hiu quang pht Ph tn hiu quang thu
39
Biu mt v c tnh BER
th BER theo khong cch truyn dn
b. Kho st tuyn truyn dn quang c s dng si b tn sc DCF
40
Thit lp thng s:
Tc Rb = 2.5 Gbps
128 bit/chui
64 mu/bit
Tc Rb = 10 Gbps
128 bit/chui
64 mu/bit
Cu hnh mi chng trn tuyn truyn:
41
Kt qu thu c
Tc Rb = 10 Gbps
Tc Rb = 2.5 Gbps
(Number of Loop = 10)
(Number of Loop = 65)
Dng sng tn hiu in
Cng sut quang pht
Cng sut quang thu
42
Dng sng tn hiu quang pht
Dng sng tn hiu quang thu
43
Ph tn hiu quang pht
Ph tn hiu quang thu
44
Biu mt v c tnh BER
L=65.11 ( 80+20 )=6511 (km) L=9.5 ( 80+20 )=950(km)
Gii hn truyn dn
3.3.4.1 Mc ch - Yu cu
Mc ch: Kho st h thng truyn dn quang ghp knh theo bc sng WDM.
Yu cu:
Xy dng h thng truyn dn quang WDM v kho st hiu nng ca h
thng.
a. Kho st hiu nng h thng truyn dn quang WDM, xc nh cng sut

pht ti u
S h thng s dng:
45
Thit lp thng s:
Cu hnh 4 knh bc sng khong cch 100 GHz, mi knh c tc 20 Gbps:
Thit lp s vng lp N = 10:
46
Kt qu thu c:
Chy m phng v thu thp kt qu ti cc cng sut pht khc nhau:
Khi chy cng sut pht tng t 0 dBm n 9 dBm ca cc ngun laser ta thu c
kt qu v v ra th BER theo cng sut pht nh sau:
Knh th nht c tn s 193.1 THz Knh th hai c tn s 193.2 THz
47
Knh th ba c tn s 193.3 THz Knh th t c tn s 193.4 THz
Nhn xt:
Da vo th ca cc knh cho ta thy ti mt cng sut pht nh nhau th knh 1
c gi tr Min.log BER nh nht, v vy knh ny l knh truyn tt nht. V knh
ti nht trong cc knh l knh 2.
ng cong BER ca knh ti nht l hm ca cng sut:
48
Da v th BER theo hm cng sut cn cho ta thy rng vi cng sut pht l 0
(dBm) cho 4 laser s cho ta gi tr Min.Ber nh nht, tng ng vi mc cng sut
pht ti u h thng
b. Kho st hiu nng h thng truyn dn quang WDM v xc nh gii hn
khong cch truyn dn
S dng cu hnh nh bi a.
Kt qu thu c 2 tc khc nhau:
Knh ti nht (Knh 2):
Rb = 10 GHz Rb = 20 GHz
49
th OSNR theo khong cch truyn dn
L = 2.65 x (80+20) = 265 km L = 0.26 x (80+20) = 26 km
Gii hn khong cch truyn dn
OSNRmin = 28.251 dB OSNRmin = 26.186 dB
Gi tr OSNR
Knh tt nht (Knh 1):
Rb = 10 GHz Rb = 20 GHz
50
th OSNR theo khong cch truyn dn
L = 13.9 x (80+20) = 1390 km L = 10.5 x (80+20) = 1050 km
Gii hn khong cch truyn dn
51
OSNRmin = 21 dB OSNRmin = 21.5 dB
Gi tr OSNR
52

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Thc hnh chuyn su Nguyn Thanh Tr

1 CHNG 1: DCH V HSI

HSI High Speed Internet l dch v truy cp internet tc cao c nh, cc li

HTTP: Hyper Text Transfer Protocol l giao thc thuc lp ng dng

Hnh 0.1 Cc phin PPP/PPPoE

Phin PPP: c thit lp sau phin PPPoE, bao gm cc pha sau:

Pha kt thc: c thc hin khi ngt kt ni, yu cu c a ra c th

1.1.4 Cc thnh phn chnh trong mng cung cp dch v HSI

Hnh 0.2 Chng giao thc dch v HSI

Hiu c m hnh cung cp dch v HIS ca cc nh cung cp

1.2.2 Bi thc hnh s 1:

Mc ch: Gip sinh vin nm c cc bc v cc thng s c bn cu

Tng quan v dch v HIS

Ti khon truy nhp internet c khai bo trn BRAS:

1.2.2.3.1 Cc bc thc hin

Bc 1: t a ch IP ng cho my tnh my tnh nhn c IP do modem

Bc 2: Dng trnh duyt truy cp vo a ch modem: http:// 192.168.1.1 g

Bc 3: Cu hnh giao din wan ca modem kt ni ti internet vi cc

1.2.2.3.2 Ghi nhn phn tch kt qu:

Truy cp Internet: http://ptit.edu.vn

1.2.3 Bi thc hnh s 2:

Hiu c ngha v kim chng th tc PPP/PPPoE

S dng phn mm Wireshark

Tng quan v dch v HIS

Modem c cu hnh truy nhp internet bnh thng.

1.2.3.3.1 Cc bc thc hin:

Bc 1: Bt phn mm WireShark trn 02 my tnh ti cc im bt nh hnh

Bn tin DNS tr v phn gii a ch URL: http://www.techrum.vn/

Bt c cc bn tin m t giao thc HTTP: Bao gm cc gi tin HTTP

Bn tin HTTP GET yu cu d liu n server 54.230.162.253

2 CHNG 2: TRUYN HNH IPTV

IPTV (Internet Protocol TV) - l mng truyn hnh s dng CSHT

Hnh 2.3 Cu trc tng qut mng cung cp dch v MyTV

Mng truyn ti IP: i vi cc knh truyn hnh qung b (BTV) trn

Mng cung cp ni dung:Phn mng ny bao gm chc nng thu thp

dch v MyTV c th hot ng cn phi tri qua cc bc sau y:

STB nhn c IP chnh xc t DHCP Server trong mng cung cp ni

2.1.4 Nguyn l hot ng cc dch v c bn ca MyTV

Nguyn l hot ng ca dch v BTV(LiveTV):Dch v LiveTV hin

Hnh 2.4 S kt ni h thng MyTV

Hnh 2.5 Phn tn d liu VoD (Unicast)

2.2.4 M hnh Lab th nghim

Hnh 2.7 Cu hnh th nghim ti LAB

Mc ch: Gip sinh vin c kin thc c bn:

Cu hnh c thit b u cui dch v MyTV hot ng bnh thng.

Sinh vin v c bn bit ci t v s dng phn mm Wireshark.

Bc 1: Tm thi ngt kt ni dch v n CPE, sau loi b ton b cc ngun

Dch v MyTV hot ng bnh thng, xem c knh IPTV trn TV

Hnh chp mn hnh Wireshark ( 4 gi tin Discover/ Offer/ Request/ Ack

2.3.1.2 Bi thc hnh s 2

Ci t v s dng phn mm Wireshark.

Bc 1: Bt gi tin flow dch v BTV (Thi gian thc hin 5 pht):

b) Ghi nhn phn tch kt qu

Bc 1: File log c y cc gi tin IGMP Report / Join Group, IGMP Query,

Bc 1: nh chp Wireshark vi filter igmp.

Hnh 2.8 Filter igmp

Bc 2: nh chp Wireshark vi filter rtsp

- PC bt gi tien vi filter rtsp vi wireshark

Thit k mng TDM/WDM v CATV

Thit k mng FTTx da trn mng quang th ng (PON)

Thit k h thng ROF (radio over fiber)

Thit k b thu, b pht, b khuch i quang

nh gi BER v penalty ca h thng vi cc m hnh b thu khc nhau