( Short Circuit Current Calculation )

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20/06/56 . 4
 Normal Condition
V = 230 V
ZS = j.01 , ZC = 0.1 , Zl = 9.9
IL = 230 / ( 9.9 + 0.1 )
= 23 A
Short Circuit Condition
ISC = 230 / 0.1
= 2300 A

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 4

1
1.

( Balanced Three-Phase Short Circuit )
2.
( Line to Line Short Circuit Without Earth Connection )
3.
( Line to Line Short Circuit With Earth Connection )

4
4.
( Line to Earth Short Circuit )
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20/06/56 . 7


- 3

Symmetrical Components
Z( 1 ) Positive Sequence Impedance
Z( 2 ) Negative Sequence Impedance
Z( 0 ) Zero Sequence
q Impedance
p
Z( 1 )
Z( 1 ) , Z( 2 ) , Z( 0 )


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a) Network Feeder ( Electrical System )

b) Two-wining Transformers
c) Overhead Lines and Cables
d) Asynchronous Motor ( Induction motor )

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-
a )
b )

-
Short Circuit Capacity ( Scc )
MVA
e.g. 500 MVA at 22 kV
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 G1 Gn

Scc

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 Scc = 3phase fault power
= MVA

Scc = 3 x U x IF
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 - Infinite

Infinite Bus

Short Circuit

Scc =

Impedance ZS = 0
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 1

Scc = 500 MVA 22 kV

500 MVA

IF = ( 500 ) / ( 3 x 22 )
= 13.1 kA

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 2

3

10 kA
22 kV

Scc = 3 x U x IF
= 3
x 10 x 22
= 381 MVA

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- Impedance ZT = RT + j XT
% Z

% U

- % Z % U

Full Load ( IN )

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 Distribution Transformer
% Z % U

315 - 630 kVA %U = 4

800 - 2500 kVA % U = 6

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 Power Transformer



% Z % U
8 12 %

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1) Infinite Bus

Impedance

ZT

IF = ( 100 / U ) x IN
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 3

500 kVA, 22 kV / 400 V, %U = 4
( Infinite Bus )



1000 kVA ,
In = ( 1000 ) / (3 x 0.4 ) = 1.443 kA

IF = ( 100 / U ) x In
= ( 100 / 4 ) x ( 1.443 x 0.5 )
= 18 kA
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 4

1000 kVA , 22kV / 400 230 V, V
Impedance Voltage 6%,
IC ( Interrupting Capacity)




In = ( 1000 ) / ( 3 x 400 ) = 1.443 kA
IF = ( 100 / % U ) x In
= (100 / 6) x 1.443
1 443
= 24.1 kA
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2) Scc

Impedance ZS + ZT

ZTotal = %U TR MVA 100

Scc

IF = Z100 In
Total

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 5

1000 kVA, 22 kV/400 V %U = 6
Scc = 350 MVA

IF 100 In
TR100
%U Scc

100 1.443



6 350
1 100

23.0 kA
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 LV 400 - 230 V

( kA )
Short Circuit Capacity ( MVA )
( kVA ) 350 500 Infinite Bus
315 11.1 11.2 11.4
400 14 0
14.0 14 1
14.1 14 4
14.4
500 17.4 17.6 18.0
630 21 7
21.7 22 0
22.0 22 7
22.7
800 18.5 18.7 19.3
1000 22 9
22.9 23 2
23.2 24 1
24.1
1250 28.2 28.8 30.1
1600 35.5 36.4 38.5
2000 43.6 44.8 48.1
2500 53.2 55.1 60.1
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 CB
( 400/230 V )
125% AF
CB (A)

( kVA ) (A) (A) ( AT ) ( kA )
315 454 568 500 - 550 630 18
400 577 721 600 700 800 18
500 722 903 800 900 1000 22
630 909 1136 1000 1100 1250 30
800 1155 1443 1250 1400 1600 25
1000 1443 1804 1500 1800 2000 30
1250 1804 2255 1900 2200 2500 42
1600 2309 2886 2400 2800 3200 50
2000 2889 3609 2900 3600 4000 65
2500 3608 4510 3700 4500 5000 80

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 6 TR 5 MVA , 22 kV / 6.6 kV , % U = 8


a) Infinite Bus
b) Short Circuit Capacity 500 MVA , 22 kV
Short
Sh t Circuit
Ci it Current
C t
S / C 3 ph 6.6 kV
- 22 kV
- 6.6 kV

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 a)) Infinite
I fi it BBus
IF ( 6.6 kV ) = ( 100 / %U ) In
In = 5 / ( 3 x 6.6 ) = 0.44 kA

IF ( 6.6
6 6 kV ) = ( 100 / 8 ) x 0.44
0 44 kA
= 5.5 kA
IF ( 22kV ) = 5.5 kA x 6.6 / 22
= 1 65 kA
1.65

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 b) Scc = 500 MVA
Z ( total ) = Z ( System ) + Z ( TR )
% U TR (MVA) 100 A
Scc
= 8 + ( 5 / 500 ) x 100
= 9%
IF ( 6.6 ) = ( 100 / %U ) x In
= ( 100 / 9 ) x 0.44
0 44 = 4.89
4 89 kA
IF ( 22kV ) = 4.89 x 6.6/22
= 1.47 kA

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1) IF 6.6 kV
Infinite Scc
CB
2) 6.6 IF
6 6 kV
3) CB 22 kV Scc IF

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 7 TR 20 MVA, 115 kV / 22 kV , %U = 10


a) Infinite Bus
b) Short Circuit Capacity 5000 MVA,115 kV
Short Circuit Current S/C 3 ph 22 kV
- 115 kV
-
22 kV

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 a)) Infinite
I fi it BBus
IF = ( 100 / %U ) x In
In = 20 ( 3 x 22 )
= 0.53 kA
IF ( 22kV ) = ( 100 / 10 ) x 0.53 kA
= 5.3 kA
IF ( 115kV ) = 5.3 kA x 22 / 115
= 1 0 kA
1.0

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 b) Scc = 5000 MVA
Z ( total ) = Z ( System ) + Z ( TR )
% U TR (MVA) 100 A
Scc
= 10 + ( 20 / 5000 ) x 100
= 10.4
IF ( 22 kv ) = ( 100 / 10.4 ) x 0.53
= 5.10 kA
IF ( 115kV ) = 5.1 x 22/115
= 0.98 kA
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