(Solids)

(TS) = (TSS) + (TDS)

550 = (TVS) + (TFS)
= (SS) +
(
) 500

103 105


103 105
550

550

- :3 5%
- : 7 10%
- : 2 5%
- (): 6 9%

- : 1,500 4,000 ./.
- : 5,000 30,000 ./.
- 30: 200 400 . 1
- SVI: 100

1.

2.
3.
4.
5.

6.

7. 550

8.
9.

1. ,
2.
3. 103 105
4.
5. 4

1. 103 105 1
(B)
2.
3.

4. 50 100 .
10 . 3
5. ( )
103 105 1
(A)
6.
550

(./.) =

A = ()
B = ()
1.

(GF/C 0.45 )
4 .

103 105 ,> 1

(B )+

2.

50 100 .

103 105 ,>1

(A )
 ( 180 )

1. 10 . 3

2. 50 100 . 1802
(B) 0 ./.
250 .
3. 1802
1
4. (A)

(./.) =

A = ()
B = ()
 1.

(B )

1 (50 100 .)

180 >1

(A )


(Imhoff cone) 1,000

1.
1 45
15

2.
2.1
2.2 9
1 20
1
250
()

(./.) =
 (Mix Liquor Suspended Solids, MLSS)

1.
2.

30 (SV 30)

30

1.
2.
3.
4.

1,000

1. 1
2.
3. 15 30
 (SVI)
1
30

1. 2
2. 1 30
3. 20 50 0.45

4. 30

(./.) =

1

1.


2.


:____________________ :______________ :______________________________
:_________________________________________________________________________
:___________________________________________________________________

(4) (5) [(6)/(3)]106

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(6) (7)



(.) (./.)
() () ()

:____________________ :______________ :______________________________
:_________________________________________________________________________
:___________________________________________________________________

(4) (5)[(6)/(3)]106
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(6) (7)



(.) ()
() () (./.)

(Preliminary Digestion Step for Total Phosphorus)
Condensed Phosphate

Sulfuric acid-Nitric acid Digestion

(1) Fume Hood

(2) 150 . 5 .
(3) Hot Plate 220 C
(4) Volumetric Flask 50 .
(5) Erlenmeyer flask 125 .

(1) H2SO4 conc.

(2) HNO3 conc.
(3) Phenolphthalein Indicator
(4) Sodium Hydroxide 5 N

(1) 50 . 150 . H2SO4 conc. 0.5 . HNO3

conc. 2.5 .
(2) Hot Plate 220 C glass-bead 5

(3) 10 . HNO3
(4) 10 . GF/A Volumetric
Flask 50 . Phenolphthalein 5 Sodium Hydroxide 5 N
50 . Erlenmeyer Flask 125 .
H2SO4 conc. 2-3
(5) Calibration Curve
220 C Phosphorus 220 C Pyrophosphate
 Colorimetric Method
1 Vanadomolybdophosphoric Acid Method
Heteropoly
Acid, Molybdophosphoric Acid Vanadomolybdophosphoic Acid

20 ./. 1 .

(1) Colorimetric Equipment Sensitivity

Wavelength
() Spectrophotometer 400 490
() Filter Photometer Blue Violet Filter Maximum Transmittance
400 470 (nm) Sensitivity 10 Wavelength

Range mg/L Wavelength, nm

1.0 5.0 400
2.0 10 420
4.0 - 18 470

(2) Acid-washed Glassware

(1) Phenolphthalein Indicator

(2) HCl conc.
(3) Activated Carbon
(4) Vanadate-molybdate Reagent
() A 25 Ammonium Molybdate 400 .
() B 1.25 Ammonium Metavanadate (NH4VO3)
300 . HCl conc. 330 . B
A B 1
 (5) 219.5 . KH2PO4 (Anhydrous) 1,000
. 1 . = 50 . Phosphate-P = 50 mg Phosphate-P/L

(1) 4 10
4 50 . 1
10 Phenolphthalein 1
50 . 15 ./.
1 -4 Sulfuric Acid Nitric Acid Digestion
(2) 50 . Activated Carbon 200 .(Darco G
60) 5 Whatman No. 42
Activated Carbon
(3) 35 . ( 50 100 . )
(1) 50 . Vanadate molybdate 10 .
Blank (1) 10 ( Vanadate
molybdate) Blank 470

(4) Calibration Curve
(50 ./.) 0 2 5 10 30 50 . 50 .
50 . 0 2 5 10 30 50 ./.
0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 ./.
0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 . 50 .
50 . Standard Curve (1)
(3)

mg./L-P =

2 Ascorbic Acid Method

Ammonium Molybdate Potassium Antimonyl Tartrate
Heteropoly Acid Phosphomolybdic Acid
Ascorbic Acid Molybdenum Blue 1 ./.
Light Path

Range mg/L Light Path, cm

0.30 2.0 0.5
0.15 1.30 1.0
0.01 0.25 5.0

(1) Colorimetric Equipment

() Spectrophotometer Infrared Phototube 880 nm Light Path
0.5 .
() Filter Photometer Red Color Filter Light Path 0.5 .
(2) Acid washed Glassware

(1) H2SO4. 5 N H2SO4conc. 70 .
500 .
(2) Potassium Antimonyl Tartrate 1.3715 K(SbO)-C4H4O61/2H2O 200 .
500 .
(3) Ammonium Molybdate 20 (NH4)6Mo7O244H2O 500 .
4 C
(4) Ascorbic 0.1 1.76 Ascorbic 100 .
1 4 C
(5) (Combined Reagent) 100 .
50 . 5 N H2SO4 5 . Potassium Antimonyl Tartrate 15 . Ammonium
Molybdate 30 . Ascorbic 2 3
4
(6) Stock Phosphate 1
(7) Stock Phosphate 50 .
1,000 . 1 . = 2.5 .

(1) 50 . 125 . Phenolphthalein
Indicator 1 H2SO45 N 8
. 10 30 Absorbance
Spectrophotometer 880 Filter Photometer Red Color
Filter Reagent Blank Reference Solution
(2) Correction Wavelength
Blank Ascorbic
Potassium Antimonyl Tartrate Absorbance Blank Absorbance

(3) Calibration curve

Light Path 1 cm. 0.15 1.30 .
/. 62.5 ./. 0 2 6 10 16 24 .
50 . 50 .
0 5 15 25 40 60 . Absorbance
()

mg./L-P =

mg/L-PO43- = mg/L-P 3.06

1.

H2SO4 conc. 1 mL
23
HNO3 conc. 5 mL

20 .

1 .
6 N NaOH

-
2. 10 .

50 .

( 420 )
 2

1.






1% HCl
2. 2
(Cr6+)






2.0
8.3

3.
0.45



2 3

8.3

:____________________ :______________ :______________________________
:_________________________________________________________________________
:___________________________________________________________________

:___________. :__________

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (5)/(2) = (6) (7)

PO4-P ./.

(.) (C) PO4-P ./. PO4-P

STD 1
STD - 2
STD - 3
STD - 4

-
-
7.4
7.4



-

(Kjeldahl Flask) 500 1,000

Connecting Bulb (Vertical Condenser)
1
6 8 12

(1) (Ammonia-free Water)

() Cation-exchange Resin 10 1,000
Cation-exchange Resin
() Sulfuric conc.0.1 1,000
(2) Borate Buffer
Sodium Hydroxide 0.1 88 . Sodium
Tetraborate (Na2B4O7) 500 1,000
( Sodium Tetraborate 5 Na2B4O7 9.5
Na2B4O710H2O 1,000 )
(3) 6 N: NaOH 240 1
(4)
() Sodium Hydroxide 1
() Sulfuric 0.5
(5) : 20 H3BO3 1
(6) : 200 95%
100 . 100 95% 50
2
 (7) : 20 H3BO3
10 1
(8) 0.04 N: 1.0 conc. H2SO4 1

(1) 200 . 200
. ( 100 /) . 1,000 )
7 25
(2)
6 10 /
2 250 50
100 ( 150
)
2


50 . + 150 .

=7

20 .
9.5

6 10 ./

50 .

150 .
( 150 .)

A = H2SO4 (.)
B = H2SO4 (.)

 3

1. EDTA



2.


EDTA

3.
Cr6+ 0

400 425 0

4. 0.1 EDTA 1 2



5.
NH3-N 15 ./.


150 ./.
 (Organic Nitrogen)

1. 10 ./.
1 . 1
1 . 3
2. 1

1. 500
365 370
2. :
3. :

1. : K2SO4 134 CuSO4 7.3 800 H2SO4
conc. 134 1 20

2.
3. : NaOH 500
Na2S2O35H2O 25 1
4. :
5. : 6 N

1. :
4
50
4
(./.) (.)
0-1 500
1-10 250
10-20 100
20-30 50
50-100 25

2. 500
200 7
3. : 25 6N NaOH
9.5 5 10 100
NH3 N
4.
20

2 3 ()
30 (
20 )
200
0.5
( 20 20
)

5. : 100 50
( 150 .)


2 3
 6.
6.1 50.0

6.2 0.02N H2SO4

(./.) =

A =
B = ()
.

(./.) =

D = 0.02 N H2SO4
E = 0.02 N H2SO4
 .

20 . 23

200 .
0.5 .
-
 5

1. 20 .

2. NH3

NH3

3. NH3




:____________________ :______________ :______________________________

:_________________________________________________________________________
:___________________________________________________________________
=

280
(./.) =

280 (14 ./. N) (0.02 N H2SO4)(1000 ./.)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (4)-(3) = (5) (6) [(5)-(6)]280/(2) = (7)

0.02N (.)
(.)
(./.)
200 (.)

(Biochemical oxygen demand)

(carbonaceous oxygen demand)

(Nitrogenous demand)

()

1. () 1 (
0.2 ./.)
2. 24 ( 4
)
3.
4.
5.

6.

1) 300 ./. ( 150 . 150 .
1 )
2) 6 . ( 2%) 2

3) (DO0) 5
(DO0)
198 ./.

1. 300


2. 20 1

1. KH2PO4 8.5 g K2HPO4 21.75 g Na2HPO47H2O 33.4

g NH4Cl 1.7 g 500 mL 1 7.2
2. MgSO47H2O 22.5 g 1
3. CaCl2 27.5 g 1
4. FeCl3H2O 0.25 g 1
5. 1 N
6. 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethy) pyridine Hach Co.,

7. (Glucose-glutamic acid solution)
103 1 150 150
1

1. 6.5 7.5 H2SO4 NaOH 1 N

2.
10 . 2 chloro 6 (trichloro methyl) pyridine 1

7
1. (pH = 7)
2. 10
3. 3

 4. (DO0)
2 20 5
5. 5 (DO5)

(/) = DO0 DO5

DO0=
DO5 = 5

7
7


60% 1,000
(60x1,000)/100 = 600 1

1 %
()
%
1
20,000 - 70,000 0.01 0.1
10,000 35,000 0.02 0.2
4,000 14,000 0.05 0.5
2,000 7,000 0.1 1
1,000 3,500 0.2 2
400 1,400 0.5 5
200 700 1.0 10
 1 % ()
()
%
1
100 350 2.0 20
40 140 5.0 50
20 70 10.0 100
10 35 20.0 200
4 14 50.0 500
07 100 1,000

1
DO 1
3
1,000 600
600 200 700
1% 10 1
3 2
1% 1 2% 0.5% 3 0.5% 1% 2%

1. 1 1

2.
1 1
3. 20

1. ( 1)
2. 1
3. 1
4.
5. 3

 6. (DO0) 2 20
5 5 (DO5)
7. 2 1.
1 6
.

() =

1. 5
1 (DO5> 1 ./.) 2

2.
20% 20%

2

2
1. ( 2)

2. 1 2
3. 300
4.
5. 1 (DO0) 20
2 5 (DO5)
6. 2 1 5
 2

300

30,000 105,000 0.20
12,000 42,000 0.05
6,000 21,000 0.10
3,000 10,000 0.20
1,200 4,200 0.50
600 2,100 1.0
300 1,050 2.0
120 420 5.0
60 210 10.0
30 150 20.0
12 42 50.0
6 21 100
0 -7 300

150 150
1
2% 5 20
200
170 -230



1. - -

(0.5 0.2 ./.) - -


- - 1 .
1


O2
- -


- DO -

- - DO
DO O2

2. DO 5 DO - DO -

- BOD - BOD

- -
(20 )

-

 ()

3. - 1
/ - / -

20
4. DO - -
/ - -
DO
5. DO - - ,

(7 ./.) - -


6. DO - DO -
9.0 ./. 25 2

 ()
: : :
:
:
DO5 1 ./. DO 2 ./.
2 2
0.5 ./. 50 ./.
F

5 DO1 DO5
DO1 DO5

(4) (5) [(6)-(7)]100/(3)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
% DO1 DO5
(./.) (./.) (./.)