DRUG MOA Resistance CI ADR

B lactams: Binding to penicillin Variation of

Penicillin binding protein PBP Seizure hstry Hypersensitivity
Cephalosporin Anaphylaxis Nephrotoxicity
Carbapenems Inhibits B lactamase Hypersensitivity Neurotoxicity
Monobactams transpeptidase and prodn
prevents cross
linking Change in
Bacteria lysis porins

Glycopetides: Change of None Flushing

Vancomycin Inhibits cell wall amino acid Ototoxicity
Teicoplanin synthesis by binding precursor Nephrotoxicity
Telavancin to the D-alanyl-D- Neutropenia
alanine precursor Excess cell
wall synthesis

Fluroquinolones: Inhibits DNA gyrase Topoisomerase Pregnancy Tendon rupture

Ciprofloxacin after cutting step type II gene Children : Diarrhea
Levofloxacin prevent mutation Athralgia Nausea
Moxifloxacin reattachment And swelling Vomiting
Accumulation of Alteration in
fragment leads to membrane
cell death porins

Mutation of
Lincosamide: Bind to 23S r RNA Ribosomal NONE Pseudo
Clindamycin molecule of 50S receptor membrenous
Lincomycin RSU and Colitis
Inhibits peptidyl Enzyme
Transferase inactivation

*BACTERIOSTATIC* Efflux pump

Sulfonamide
Folate synthesis Inhibitors of folate Overproduction Allergy of sulfa Precipitation in
Inhibitors: synthesis by of PABA drug Urine
SULFA inhibiting Enzyme
METHOXAZOLE tetrahydrofolate mutation of G6PD Photosensitivity
SULFADIAZINE Results in reduced dihydropteroate deficiency Hypersensitivity
Non Sulfa: DNA synthesis synthase
TRIMETHOPRIM
PYREMETHAMINE
 Ribosome
Protein synthesis Irreversibly binds to alteration Renal Ototoxicity
Inhibitors: 30S ribosomal dysfunction
AMINO subunit and cause Decreased Nephrotoxicity
GLYCOSIDE: misreading and permeability
GENTAMICIN faulty amino acid
TOBRAMYCIN sequence Inactivation by
AMIKACIN aminoglycoside
NEOMYCIN modifying
enzyme

MACROLIDES: Bind to 23S rRNA Modification of Liver ERYTHRO:

ERYTHROMYCIN molecule of 50 S RSU complications GI upset
AZITHROMYCIN RSU and inhibits Previously Acute
CLARITHRMCN Peptidyl transferase Reduced cholestatic
intracellular hepatitis
concentration
Azithro &
EFFLUX Clarithro:

Liver
impairement

Oxazolidionones:
LINEZOLID same Mutation of NONE Serotonin
23S binding Syndrome
site
Hyperlactemia
Metabolic
acidosis

Tetracycline:
TETRACYCLINE Reversibly binds to Efflux Pregnancy Mottling of
DOXYCYCLINE 16S subunit of 30S Ribosomal Lactation teeth
MINOCYCLINE RSU inhibit Protection Children under Photosensitivity
translation Enzymatic 8 Years Super infection
Inactivation Diabetes
insipidus
Chloramphenicol: Binds to 50S subunit Anemia
CHLRMPHENICOL Gray Baby
syndrome