Analysis

Our second experiment covers with determining the specific gravity of

different liquid, which is the ratio of density of liquid to the density of water. The
first part of the experiment was using a hydrometer, which works based on
Archimedes principle. It follows the buoyancy force that acts on the hydrometer.
The specific gravity on the hydrometer is marked by the last part that is not
submerged on the liquid.
The second part of the experiment is also determining the specific gravity
also but by using a U tube Manometer. Manometer is commonly used to
measure pressure. In the experiment, the difference between the two pressures
of two liquids. There are markings in the tube that will be used in measuring its
height and then the height measured will be used to compute for the specific
gravity of the certain liquid.
After using the different methods to measure the specific gravity. We used
them on each liquid which are kerosene, cooking oil and diesel oil. From the
specific gravity measured and computed, we were able to compute the densities
of the different liquids.

Conclusion
Our second experiment has only one objective, which is to measure the
specific gravity of different liquids using a hydrometer and a manometer. The
hydrometer allows direct measurement of specific gravities of liquids. In our
second experiment, we used both hydrometer and manometer.
Based on the different data gathered, the values of specific gravity and
densities computed were almost the same with the actual values. I can conclude
that the possible difference was caused by the table where the graduated
cylinders were placed because it is not calibrated. On the second part, the
possible error was caused by the order of the groups. Our group was the last one
to perform the experiment and by the time when its our turn. The manometer
was almost full and I think it affects the measurement of the height.

Application
The hydrometer test is an application of Stokes Law, which in essence
states that larger particles fall more quickly in a suspending fluid, while finer
particles remain in suspension longer. The time at which the hydrometer
readings are taken determines the size of particle remaining in suspension, while
the reading on the hydrometer determines the amount of that size.
A manometer is a device for measuring fluid pressure consisting of a bent
tube containing one or more liquids of different densities. A known pressure
(which may be atmospheric) is applied to one end of the manometer tube and
the unknown pressure (to be determined) is applied to the other end.
Applications of U-tube manometer (simple type of manometer). It is used for low
range pressure measurements. Extensively used in laboratories. It is used for
calibration of gauges and other instruments. It is used for measuring pressure
drop in different joints and valves.