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CHAPTER 3

TABLE 3-5

Conduction shape factors S for several configurations for use in Q  kS(T1  T2) to determine the steady rate of heat
transfer through a medium of thermal conductivity k between the surfaces at temperatures T1 and T2

(1) Isothermal cylinder of length L (2) Vertical isothermal cylinder of length L

buried in a semi-infinite medium buried in a semi-infinite medium T2
(L > >D and z > 1.5D) (L > >D)
T2
T1
L
2 L
S = z S = 2 L D
ln (4z /D) ln (4 L /D)
T1
D
L

(3) Two parallel isothermal cylinders (4) A row of equally spaced parallel isothermal
placed in an infinite medium cylinders buried in a semi-infinite medium
(L > >D1 , D2 , z) T1 T2 (L > >D, z and w > 1.5D)

T2
T1
D1
2 L
S = D2 2 L
S =
L z
2 2 2 D
4z D 1 D 2 2 z
2w sinh
ln
cosh1 D w L
2D1D2
(per cylinder)
z w w w

(5) Circular isothermal cylinder of length L (6) Circular isothermal cylinder of length L
in the midplane of an infinite wall at the center of a square solid bar of the
(z > 0.5D) same length
T2
T2
T1 z
2 L
S = 2 L
S = T1
ln (8z /D) D ln (1.08 w/D)
z
L
T2 D L

(7) Eccentric circular isothermal cylinder (8) Large plane wall

T2
of length L in a cylinder of the same
length (L > D2) T 1
D1
T1 T2

2 L
S =
A
S =
D 21 + D 22 4z 2 L
z
cosh1 D2 L
2D1D2 L
A

(continued)
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HEAT TRANSFER

TABLE 3-5 (CONCLUDED)

(9) A long cylindrical layer (10) A square flow passage

T2
(a) For a / b > 1.4, T2

2 L
S =
ln (D2 / D1) 2 L
S =
0.93 ln (0.948a /b)
D1

D2 (b) For a / b < 1.41,

T1
T1 L
2 L
S = L
0.785 ln (a /b) b
a

(11) A spherical layer (12) Disk buried parallel to

the surface in a semi-infinite
medium (z >> D) T2
2 D1D2
S =
D2 D1
D2 S = 4D
D1 T1 z

(S = 2 D when z = 0)
T1 D

T2

(13) The edge of two adjoining (14) Corner of three walls

walls of equal thickness of equal thickness

T2
S = 0.54 w S = 0.15L

T2
L T2 L (outside)
T1 L
T1 L L
(inside)
w

(15) Isothermal sphere buried in a (16) Isothermal sphere buried

semi-infinite medium in a semi-infinite medium at T2
T2 whose surface is insulated Insulated

T2 (medium)
T1
z T1
z
2 D
S = 2 D
S =
1 0.25D/z 1 + 0.25D/z
D D