A.

MT S CAC NGANH CNG NGH KHOA HOC TNG LAI CO TH U T

ON U

CACH MNG 4.0 :

Chng ta ang 1 thi k cha tng c trong lch s. Ch trong vi nm nm tr li y, cuc

sng ca con ngi thay i mt cch chng mt. S ph bin ca smartphone cng vi vic kt
ni Internet d dng thay i cch con ngi lm vic, sinh hot. y chnh l nn tng cho
cuc cch mng 4.0 hin nay.

phn tch v tng lnh vc cng ngh th s rt phc tp v mang tnh hn lm, do phn tch
ny s i vo nhng kha cnh ca i sng, x hi v kinh doanh khi c cuc cch mng 4.0
ny.

AI - Tr tu nhn to:

Nu c th ni v cng ngh bao trm v l nn tng cho cuc cch mng 4.0 th chnh l Tr
tu nhn to (Artificial intelligence - AI)

Thng 3/2016, chng trnh AlphaGo ca Google Deepmind nh bi nh v ch c vy Lee

Sedol, ngi 18 ln v ch th gii. C vy t lu vn c coi l mt thch thc kh
khn trong lnh vc AI.

Khc vi c vua, c vy phc tp hn nhiu vi v hn cc bc i v kh nng bin ha khi

chi. Cc t hp bc i ca n chc cn nhiu hn nhng nguyn t trong v tr. Chnh v th,
c vy trc y c coi l mt vn kh khn trong AI m c d kin s vt ra khi
tm vi ca cng ngh ca thi i. Trc AlphaGo, mt s nh nghin cu khng nh rng
my tnh s khng bao gi nh bi c nhng ngi hng u trong c vy. Elon Musk, nh
u t ngay t ban u ca Deepmind, pht biu vo nm 2016 rng nhng ngi gii nht
trong lnh vc ny ngh rng AI s phi mt 10 nm na mi t c mt chin thng vi mt
k th c vy chuyn nghip hng u. Do chin thng ny l 1 bc tin rt ln i vi lnh
vc AI.

Cc thut ton ca AlphaGo l hon ton khc bit so vi nhng thut ton thng c s dng
trc y. Qu trnh hc ca chng trnh ny phc tp hn rt nhiu. y cng chnh l v kh
gip tng cng kh nng hc hi ca chng trnh AI ny. N cng m ra xu hng pht trin
mi ca vic nghin cu v ng dng AI.
Hin nay, cc hng cng ngh ln nh Google, Microsoft, Amazon, Facebook, Apple, IBM
u tp trung pht trin nhng nn tng AI ca ring mnh v hp tc vi nhau nhm a nhng
ng dng ca AI tin xa hn vo i sng x hi.

AI c th ng dng trong rt nhiu lnh vc: Y khoa, Ti chnh, Kinh doanh

AI kt hp vi cc phn cng khc nhau s thay i mi mt ca i sng,thay i hon ton

cch chng ta sng, tng tc.

Vi nn tng D Liu Ln (Big Data) gip cho cc chng trnh AI c kh nng hc hi c

nhiu hn, chi tit hn v chnh xc hn.

Trong phn di s i vo cc kha cnh ca cuc sng cng vi nhng ng dng ca cch mng
4.0 cng nh c hi trong tng lai.

Giao thng

Chia s xe : i din tiu biu l Uber.

Xe t hnh :

a s cc tai nn giao thng hin nay u l do con ngi. Tm trng khng vui khin cho con
ngi mt tp trung, t hn na l li xe khi say cng lm tng ri ro tai nn ln. Nhng vi
nhng xe t hnh th my mc s c x l l tnh hn hn so vi con ngi. Nhng chic xe
t hnh c trang b kh nng x l, hc hi t Tr tu nhn to (AI) kt hp vi nhiu cng
ngh cao c kh nng lin lc vi nhau v vi c s h tng nh en tn hi u giao thng ho c
h thng iu khin giao thng thnh ph. T , chng c c thng tin cn thit c th x
l m t cch nhanh chng cc s ki n, khng b bt ng. V d, chic xe ng trc s chia s l
trnh cho nhng chic xe ng sau nhng chic xe ng sau c k hoch phn ng khi chic
xe ng trc chun b r. S khng cn nhng tai nn kiu nh xe ng sau m vo xe ng
trc do khng ch tn hi u xin r ca xe ng trc.

Mt vn na c th c gii quyt l nn kt xe, khi xe t hnh vi AI c th kt ni thng

tin vi nhau v thng tin v tnh hnh giao thng.Tt nhng thng tin v cc khu vc kt xe
chn l trnh ti u. iu ny s gip gim tnh trng kt xe cc thnh ph.

Tuy c nhng s c trong v tai nn khi th nghim xe t hnh nh tai nn ca hng Tesla khi
th nghim ch t li auto pilot, nhng xu th pht trin ca xe t hnh trong nm qua l rt
mnh m.
Nm 2016, Uber trin khai xe t li ti Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, M

Nhng tin b ca tr tu nhn to ang ngy cng xut hin nhiu trong cc mu xe t hnh
mi. Cc hng cng ngh cng khng ngng pht trin nhng th h t t li cho ring mnh.
Tesla, Google v ngay c Uber cng th nghim xe t hnh trn ph.

Khng ch cc hng cng ngh, m cc hng t ln cng tham gia vo cuc chi xe t hnh.

Ford thng bo s u t 1 t la trong vng 5 nm ti vo Argo AI, mt cng ty nghin cu

tr tu nhn to, vi mc ch pht trin h thng ti x o cho dng phng tin t hnh.

Tp on Daimler v Uber va k mt tho thun hp tc v vic cung cp mt s mu xe t

hnh ca Mercedes-Benz cho i xe ca Uber.

BMW, Intel v Mobileye cng tuyn b k hoch trin khai chy th 40 mu xe t hnh trn
ng cng cng vo na cui nm 2017

Toyota s u t mnh vo cng ngh xe t hnh trong mt vi nm sp ti, b ra khon 1 t -

la M trong 5 nm ti u t nghin cu cng ngh xe t hnh, tr thng minh nhn to, v
cc cng ngh gip ci tin an ton ca xe t.

Xe in :

nhim mi trng l 1 vn cc k quan trng trn th gii hin nay, cc ngun nng lng
sch c khuyn khch s dng. V th xe t in ang c khuyn khch s dng bi cc
chnh ph trn th gii. S dng xe in lm gim kh thi ra mi trng.

Kt qu nghin cu mi ti chu u cho thy, nm 2026, thi quen mua xe t s c mt bc

chuyn ln, sang dng xe in, trong , th trng tim nng nht thuc v chu - Thi Bnh
Dng.

Ti Trung Quc, quc gia ng dn nht th gii, xe in ang tin trin rt tt. Cc thnh ph
ln ca Trung Quc mt mt c bit khuyn khch ngi dn mua xe xanh, mt khc kim sot
ngy cng cht ch xe s dng ng c t trong.
S lng xe in bn ra ngy cng nhiu

Nm 2016, lin minh Renault-Nissan t mc 94.265, hng xe in Tesla t c doanh s

bn ra 83.922 xe, tng 64% so vi nm 2015.

Tuy cn mt vi vn nh kh nng tch in ca sn phm cn thp, hu ht cc xe ch chy

c khong 150 km l phi np in, thi gian np ko di 4-7, nhng cng ngh t in ang
pht trin rt nhanh, pin ngy cng c kh nng tch in nhiu hn v thi gian sc nhanh hn.
Cc d bo cho thy ch 10 nm na, a s t in c th chy ti 400 km cho mi ln sc v
thi gian sc gim cn di 1 gi. Thm vo s lng trm sc nhanh s tip tc c xy
dng thm. Tnh n nm 2016, Tesla c 734 trm sc in nhanh trn ton th gii, cc hng
xe hi ni ting gm BMW, VW, Ford v Daimler cng va k kt mt tha thun u t 400
trm sc siu nhanh cho nhng chic xe chy in chu u.

Thng 4/2016, hng xe in Tesla thnh cng ln khi mu xe Tesla Model 3 t mc t hng
vt ngoi mong i : 276.000 chic c bn sau 3 ngy ra mt, em v cho Tesla gn 10 t
USD. Vi mc gi 35.000 USD, Tesla Model 3 tr nn ph hp vi ti tin ca ngi tiu
dng, khng cn l 1 chic xe t khin nhiu ngi phi n o nh Tesla Model S. Thm
vo l chi ph vn hnh thp, bng khong 40% so vi xe chy xng cng cng sut l l do
khin Model 3 c khch hng M quan tm. S lng ngi t hng vn khng ngng tng
ln cho thy nhu cu xe in ngy cng tng mnh m.

Kinh doanh-Thng mi-Ti chnh

Kinh t chia s :

Kinh t chia s cn c gi vi nhiu ci tn khc nhau nh sharing economy, collaborative

consumption, peer economy... l thut ng m t mt phng thc trao i, chia s ti sn, dch
v ngang hng gia cc c nhn vi nhau thng qua mt bn th ba l cc cng ty internet. M
hnh ny tn dng ti a ngun lc d tha trong x hi, da trn vic cho thu, trao i ti sn
gia ngi s hu vi ngi c nhu cu s dng.
T , bn s hu c th kim c tin t chic xe hi, cn phng trng, thi gian rnh, tin
nhn ri ca mnh, trong khi ngi c nhu cu th c s dng hng ha, dch v cht lng vi
gi r hn rt nhiu so vi phng thc truyn thng.
m hnh kinh t ny, ngi dng s tn dng ngun lc sn c t cng ng, thu tt c mi
th khi cn m khng phi s hu chng.
Kinh t chia s ca k nguyn s th k XXI ph thuc rt nhiu vo cng ngh. Hay ni cch
khc, thit b nh smartphone, h thng nh v, dch v thanh ton in t, kh nng kt ni
internet l nhng yu t quan trng bn cnh hnh vi ngi dng, cht lng sn phm hay dch
v to thnh s tn ti v pht trin ca m hnh kinh t chia s.
Ch trong thi gian ngn, s lng start-up gi tr trn 1 t USD ti M cng li ln n 500
t USD.
Hng trm t USD c cc nh u t mo him rt vo cc start-up loi ny, vi nhng ci tn
nh Airbnb, Uber, Lyft, Spotify,... Cc cng ty u tu nh Uber, Airbnb c nh gi lin tc
tng : nm 2016, Uber c nh gi 68 t USD, Airbnb c nh gi 30 t USD

M hnh hot ng ny tr nn ph bin v tri rng trn rt nhiu lnh vc, t i nh xe, cho
thu chia s nh ca, cn h, vt dng, trang phc,...
Khng ch vy, m hnh ny lan ra rt rng v nhanh chng trn ton th gii. Nhiu start-up n
theo thnh cng v nh bt i th ti khu vc ca mnh, tiu biu l vic Didi Chuxing nh
bi chi nhnh Uber ti th trng Trung Quc sau thng v thu tm tr gi 35 t USD, Grab
vt mt Uber ti khu vc ng Nam .

D vn cn nhiu tranh ci xoay quanh vn php l v qun l, thu. Ngoi ra cn nhng nghi
ng v vic cnh tranh khng lnh mnh ca cc cng ty hot ng theo m hnh kinh t mi so
vi cc m hnh truyn thng. Tuy nhin cc chnh ph ang xy dng khung php l cho m
hnh kinh t mi ny. iu ny cng chnh l s tha nhn ca cc chnh ph vi m hnh ny.
Sau cng, vi li ch mang li cho ngi tiu dng, m hnh kinh t ny s cn tip tc pht trin
mnh m trn ton th gii.

Thng mi in t :

Vi s ph bin ca smartphone v kt ni Internet d dng cng vi vic thanh ton online v

cc ng dng in thoi gip vic mua hng tr nn d dng hn bao gi ht. Ngi dn hnh
thnh thi quen mua sm online, c bit l qua smartphone.

Nm 2016 l 1 nm thnh cng ca thng mi in t vi nhng bc pht trin mnh m

Trong Ngy c thn (11/11/2016), Alibaba t doanh s k lc 17,8 t USD.

Amazon chim 43% doanh s bn l trc tuyn M, tng ln so vi mc 33% nm 2015.

Vn ha th trng ca Amazon vt qua tt c cc hng bn l truyn thng cng li

Trc xu hng khng th ngn cn c ny, cc nh bn l truyn thng cng phi chuyn
dch sang mng thng mi in t. Thng 9/2016, Walmart tip tc ln sang mng thng mi
in t vi vic b ra 3,3 t USD mua li Jet.com - trang web thng mi in t, chuyn bn
gia dng v cc loi tp ha ch mi thnh lp c 1 nm. Qua thng 10/2016, Walmart tng
gn gp i vn u t ti JD.com, trang bn l trc tuyn ln th 2 ti Trung Quc, ch sau
Alibaba.

Mt xu hng ng ch l s tch hp cc tnh nng thng mi in t vo cc ng dng

nhn tin ca mng x hi ln nht hnh tinh Facebook.

Vo nm 2013, ng dng nhn tin WeChat ca Tencent Holdings (Trung Quc) c b sung
tnh nng thanh ton khi Tencent mun tng cng cnh tranh vi i th Alipay ca Alibaba.
Sau , WeChat bt u tch hp thm nhng dch v ca cc cng ty khc, nh gi taxi, t ch
nh hng, gi thc n n nh ng dng ny l ca ng dn n nhiu th, nh gii tr v
thng tin

Chng kin s thnh cng ca WeChat trong vic gn kt vi thng mi in t, cc cng ty

cng ngh M bt u y mnh s u t nng tm ng dng nhn tin ca mnh. Mng x
hi Facebook cho bit ang nghin cu k v WeChat (hin c hn 650 triu ngi s dng
thng xuyn mi thng) v cc ng dng khc tm cch pht trin mt h sinh thi tng t
d rng khng d bt k cng ty cng ngh no sao chp c s thnh cng ca i th.

Cng ty Uber Technologies Inc. cho bit s cho php ngi s dng gi xe thng qua ng dng
nhn tin Messenger ca Facebook mt dch v tng t WeChat. Trong khi , Google ang
pht trin ng dng nhn tin mi c tch hp tr tu nhn to, cn ng dng Snapchat c
tch hp tin tc.

Trc mt, Facebook cho bit hai cng ty thng mi in t Everlane v Zulily s sm s dng
Messenger vo vic chm sc khch hng. Hng hng khng KLM (H Lan) d nh cung cp
dch v cho php hnh khch t v, thay i hnh trnh bay, lm th tc chuyn bay, nhn th
ln my bay thng qua Messenger. Trong khi , khch tr ti nhng khch sn ca tp on
Hyatt Hotels Group s dng ng dng ny yu cu khn tm mi hoc dch v dn phng.

Cng vi s pht trin ca thng mi in t l cc hnh thc thanh ton in t. i cng cc

phng thc thanh ton mi l 1 lnh vc mi: Fintech

Fintech

S ni ln ca in thoi thng minh to ra s thay i khng l i vi hnh vi ngi tiu

dng. Da vo th vn ha lc no cng ni mng m chng ta ang sng ngy nay v s
pht trin nhanh chng ca cc dch v v ng dng vun trng th vn ha mi ngi c
th khng ch tip cn thng tin hay d liu m trc l khng th m h cn c th lm vic
trong khi ch xe but.
V mt nh ngha, Fintech thng c dng ch mt phn nhnh cc cng ty cng ngh
ang gy xo trn nhiu lnh vc nh thanh ton di ng (mobile payment), chuyn tin, vay n,
gy qu v thm ch l c qun l ti sn.
Fintech hin nay bao trm rt nhiu phng din ti chnh nh vay, mn tin, chuyn tin,
thanh ton online, t vn ti chnh, thm ch l bo him v bo co lch s tn dng. Cc ng
dng Fintech trn th gii l kh a dng, tc ng n hu ht mi lnh vc hot ng ca
ngnh ti chnh ngn hng nh tin gi, thanh ton, bo him, tn dng tiu dng v doanh
nghip nh, qun tr ri ro, an ton bo mtTt c u c thc hin online trn smartphone
hoc cc thit b di ng vi bo mt cao v tc gn nh tc th, thay th vai tr ca chi
nhnh ngn hng vt l v giao dch vin.
S ni ln ca fintech thay i vnh vin cch cc cng ty kinh doanh. M hnh truyn thng
ca mt doanh nghip mi kt ni trc tip vi mt ngn hng a phng t mt khu ph
trung tm hay mt nh u t truyn thng khng cn l cch thc duy nht.
T gy qu trn cng ng (crowdsourcing) ti thanh ton di ng, cha bao gi m cc ch
doanh nghip li c nhiu la chn nh hin nay. Vic m cng ty hay m rng n cha bao gi
t tn km n th.
Cc cng ty FinTech cn ph ti mt lot cc tiu ngnh vi cc i din tiu biu:
- Crowdfunding (ti tr trn cng ng) : Kickstarter
- peer-to-peer lending (cho vay ngang hng) : Lending Club
- Algorithmic asset management (qun l ti sn da trn thut ton) : WealthFront
- Thematic investing (u t theo ch ) : Motif Investing
- Thanh ton : Xoom
- Thu thp d liu : 2iQ Research
- Credit scoring (nh gi tn dng) : ZestFinance
- Education lending (cho vay hc tp) : CommonBond
- Tin s : Coinbase
- Sn giao dch : SecondMarket
- Working capital management (qun l vn lu ng) : Tesorio
- Cyber security (an ninh mng) : iDGate
- Quantum computing (tnh ton lng t) : QxBranch
Bt chp vic hot ng trn cc lnh vc rng ln n nh vy, cc cng ty ny u c mt c
tnh chung: h xy dng v trin khai cng ngh lm cho th trng ti chnh v cc h thng
trn hot ng hiu qu hn.
D liu ln (Big Data) kt hp vi Tr tu nhn to (AI) trong vic phn tch, nh gi mc tn
dng ca tng c nhn. Thi quen, s thch, thu nhp ca chng ta c phn tch v thng k v
dn n s hiu bit v chng ta. T a ra nhng quyt nh ti chnh.

Thng 6/2016, ngn hng bn l ln nht nc M, Bank of America (BoA) thng bo rng h
s ct gim khong 8.400 nhn s trong tng lai gn.

Financial Times cho rng l do ca vic ct gim nhn s ny n t s pht trin v bo ca

cng ngh v iu ny thay i thi quen s dng cc dch v ngn hng ca ngi tiu dng.
in thoi di ng ang thay th cc giao dch vin v cc ng dng fintech nh mobile banking
lm gim nhu cu i n chi nhnh giao dch.

Ti chu u, 8 ngn hng hng u ca chu u sa thi khong 100.000 nhn vin vo u
nm nay. Theo Blooomberg, nhng ngn hng nh: Barclays, Credit Suisse, Deutsche Bank v
Standard Chartered mt khong 420 t USD gi tr th trng bi s ln ngi ca fintech khi
nhng ng dng khng b kim hm bi lut l v ti chnh nh ngn hng truyn thng ngoi
hng lot bin ng nh li sut m, s chm tng trng ca Trung Quc, gi du th gim

Theo mt kho st phm vi ton cu mi y ca PwC, 83% nh ch ti chnh truyn thng lo

ngi rng mt phn hot ng kinh doanh ca h c nguy c ri vo tay cng ty cng ngh ti
chnh. Trong vng 5 nm ti, 24% th phn cc ngn hng trong mng chuyn tin v thanh ton
s ri vo tay cc Fintech, con s ny s l 22% trong lnh vc qun l ti sn v 21% trong lnh
vc bo him.

Cuc sng

Smart Home/IoT (Internet of Thing) :

Hy th tng tng khi bn v nh trong 1 tm trng bun, bng c 1 ging ni nh nhng

quan tm, an i bn. Sau 1 bn nhc ph hp vi tm trng ca bn c vang ln. Cng lc
xut hin trc mt bn 1 i dng rng ln cng nhng cn sng dp du lm du i tm
trng mt mi ca bn. V lc ny tm trng ca bn cng du i nhiu, bn cm thy thoi mi
hn.

iu ny c th tr thnh hin thc nh nhng tin b trong nghin cu AI, cng ngh Internet
of Thing (IoT) v cng ngh Thc T o (Virtual Reality VR). Cc chng trnh AI s gip
nhn din khun mt bn v phn tch tm trng ca bn da trn biu hin khun mt. Cc
chng trnh ny cng hc hi c thi quen, s thch, tm l ca bn la chn bi nhc v
khung cnh ph hp vi tm trng ca bn. Th kt ni nhng th ny l 1 b no (h iu hnh)
cho cc thit b IoT.

Nm 2016, vi s xut hin Alexa ca Amazon v Google Home cung cp b no ny a cc

ng dng IoT sang 1 bc tin mi. B no ny bn cht l 1 tr l o.

Tr l o :

Trong sut hng chc nm qua, nhc n cng ngh v nhc ti "giao din" l nhc ti mn hnh
u tin. My vi tnh thi k cha c chut hay cha c Windows cng vn phi c mn hnh.
Vi smartphone v tablet, mn hnh l b phn nhp liu duy nht ca ngi dng.

T thit b ny sang thit b khc, "mn hnh" lun lun l knh truyn ti thng tin bt buc
phi c t cc thit b cng ngh ti ngi dng.

Vi nh thng minh, cc thit b gia dng c th tr nn thng minh khi c kt ni Wi-Fi v

c chip x l ring, nhng thng th bn vn phi iu khin chng qua mn hnh
smartphone/tablet hoc cc b SmartHome Hub.

D ngy cng n gin hn, nhng chng ta vn phi thao tc qua mn hnh.

Tuy nhin, bn cht t nhin trong giao tip ca cong ngi l li ni. Chng ta lun lun mun
ch cn ni ra cc lnh l my mc t thc hin theo. Thm ch cn tuyt vi hn na khi chng
ta ch cn ni ra mong mun ca mnh l my mc c th t hiu v t thc hin nhng vic
chng ta mun.

VD :

Mong mun ca bn "Hy tm cho ti mt ca hng cao cp gn nh Jennifer ti a nng i

n ti".

ng sau cu ni ny l rt nhiu tc v. Th no l cao cp? C l l 4 sao tr ln. Nh Jennifer

u?

Quan trng hn, Jennifer l ai? Trong danh b ca bn c ti 4 Jennifer, nhng bn ch thng
xuyn lin lc, nhn tin vi mt c nng c tn danh b l "Jenn V.". C l l nng Jennifer ny
y.

i n ti ? By gi l 7 gi 30. i t nh bn n nh Jennifer mt 30 pht. Tr l o ca

bn s phi loi b cc nh hng ng ca trc 8 gi.

V tr l o s tr li: "Ti thy la chn ph hp nht l nh hng Bean Leaf. Ti son ra

mt tin nhn gi cho Jenn V pha di y".

chnh l s khc bit ca 1 tr l o thc s so vi nhng chng trnh n gin.

AI vi cc cng ngh hiu c ngn ng, ging ni ca con ngi gip cho vic tng tc tr
nn t nhin, gn gi hn. Tip l kh nng phn tch ng ngha ca cu ni ri phn tch, tm
kim trn Internet v a ra gii php ph hp.

Cui thng 12/2016, ch tch Facebook gii thiu tr l o Javis cng ngi nh thng minh
(Smart home) ca mnh.

Trc gi chng ta ch yu nghe v tr l o l trn smartphone vi Siri ca Apple, Cortana ca

Microsoft. Nhng gi xut hin nhng tr l o cho cc thit b kt ni Internet : IoT (Internet
of Thing)

Nm 2016, Google gii thiu Google Asistance, Amazon vi Alexa chnh l nhng b no ca
cc thit b IoT.

Alexa xut hin nhiu thit b, t xe t li ca Hyundai, t en bn ca General Electrics, my

theo di tr s sinh ca Mattel cho n robot ht bi ca Samsung... cc th loi phn cng v
cng khc bit hi t di mt mi nh mi: giao din tr l o.

Tr l o ca Amazon hin ang xut hin trn cc loi phn cng tng chng nh khng h
lin quan cht g n nhau. im vt tri ca s "khng lin quan" y l ch, trong khi
Android ch c th bao trm ln cc mn hnh xung quanh bn th Alexa c th bao trm ln ton
b khng gian sng ca bn. bt c v tr no trong ngi nh, chic xe v vn phng, bn u
c th ct ting gi "Hey Alexa!" v Amazon s tr li.

Thit b no lng nghe cu gi y ca bn? Chic loa ca Lenovo, in thoi ca Huawei,

gia dng ca LG, router ca Linksys hay u DVD trn xe Volkswagen? Cu tr li khng quan
trng

Quan trng l cng cuc dch chuyn t mt th gii trn ngp mn hnh sang mt th gii ph
thuc vo giao din ging ni bt u t by gi.

Khng ch c nhn s dng tr l o, m cc doanh nghip cng c th s dng tr l o cho

vic t vn, chm sc khch hng vi cc chatbot.

Startup chatbot

V c bn, chatbot l mt hnh thc th s ca phn mm tr tu nhn to. N hot ng c lp,

c th t ng tr li nhng cu hi hoc x l tnh hung cng tht cng tt. Phm vi v s
phc tp ca chatbot c xc nh bi thut ton ca ngi to nn chng.
Cc doanh nghip ngy cng ng dng chatbot gim thiu chi ph cho dch v khch hng,
cc dch v ti chnh v bo him. ng Garg, cng ty Foundation Capital cho bit: Chatbot s
nng n gin v c th t c nhiu hn.
Theo nghin cu ca Gartner v TechEmergence, hn 85% cc tng tc khch hng s khng
gm c con ngi vo nm 2020, v chatbot s l ng dng AI s 1 ca ngi tiu dng trong 5
nm ti.
Trong nm 2017, mt lot cc nn tng nhn tin s tch hp chatbot, Garg cho bit. Trong ,
Facebook vn l nn tng nhn tin chim u th, WhatsApp, Kik, WeChat v cc nn tng tin
nhn c lin quan trn ton cu khc s y i mi chatbot v cnh tranh lnh mnh.

VR (Thc t o)/AR (Thc t tng cng)

Trong nhng b phim vin tng, ta thng thy c nhng tr chi m ngi chi c ha vo
khng gian game, hoc nhng chin binh luyn tp trong mi trng gi lp. Khi xem nhng
cnh , chng ta u thy iu tht tuyt vi v c m n thnh hin thc.

Nhng nm gn y, cng ngh thc t o (Vertual Reality VR) bt u xut hin nhiu
hn v c nhng bc tin ng k

(Vertual Reality VR) Thc t o : s a bn vo mt th gii mi, mt th gii o hon

ton v khi gn nh bn khng cn nhn thc g v th gii tht xung quanh mnh na. V d,
bn s c a vo mt trm khng gian trong tng lai nm 2069, ni m bn s i ln cc phi
thuyn, bay ln gia cc v sao. Nhng th bn thy hon ton l nhng khung cnh do my
tnh hoc in thoi di ng da nn, khng c g l tht c. c bit, khng ch n thun hin
th hnh nh 3D, mt s h thng VR cn cho php m phng m thanh v mi kh l chn
thc!

AR (Augmented Reality) Thc t tng cng : AR tp trung vo vic kt hp gia th gii

tht vi thng tin o, khng phi tch bn ra mt khng gian ring nh VR. AR cng s cho php
bn tng tc vi ni dung o ngay trong i tht, c th l chm vo, c th ph mt lp hnh
nh ln trn...

V d d thy nht: tr chi Pokemon Go. N l mt tr chi trn smartphone, r rng l o.

Nhng ta ca bn trong game li chnh l ta ca bn ngoi i, bn trong game chnh
l bn thnh ph bn ang , v nhng trm PokeStop m bn dng li ly vt phm l
nhng a danh no c tht ngay trong chnh thnh ph ca bn. S kt hp gia tht v o
nh th chnh l AR.

VR v AR ang c ng dng trong nhiu lnh vc phc v cuc sng. Ngoi lnh vc gii tr
nh game. Ta cn c th xem nhng b phime VR mang li cm gic tht n khng th tht
hn. Ngoi ra, VR cn p dng cho nhiu lnh vc khc chng hn, chng c gi lp nhng
mi trng v tnh hung m ngi tht kh c th trc tip tip cn (nguy him ti tnh mng)
hay dng trong hun luyn nh: o to phi cng, bc s phu thut, li xe, lnh cu ha, lnh c
nhim
Hin nay, VR ang c cc nh nghin cu i hc Louisville (Kentucky, M) th nghim
trong vic cha chng ri lon v m nh tinh thn, i hc Stanford (California, M) cng
s dng knh VR trong mi trng thc hnh phu thut.
Ti lin hoan phim Sundance, b phim ngn Nomads hay Vanuatu Dreams c trnh chiu
v nhn c rt nhiu li khen c v mt hnh nh ln tri nghim.
Thng 2-2016, Samsung ra mt smartphone Galaxy S7 Barcelona (Ty Ban Nha), hng ngn
khn gi eo knh VR theo di s kin. Mark Zuckerberg, nh sng lp Facebook, cng
nhn mnh y l thi ca VR v tuyn b Facebook s h tr VR qua vic b ra 2 t USD
mua li cng ty Oculus, nh pht trin v sn xut knh VR Oculus Rift.
Cui nm 2016, trn th gii xut hin v s thit b v ng dng cho VR v tng tc thc t
o (AR). AR chnh l mt bc pht trin t VR. Cng ngh siu o ny cho php kt hp tht
v o lm cho ni dung o cng tr nn ging tht.
Microsoft cng gy ch vi vic tit l chic knh VR HoloLens i u (headset) chy trn
h iu hnh Windows 10.

Google gii thiu knh VR Daydream v xy dng mt h sinh thi da trn nn tng ny.
Cc h iu hnh di ng Android, iOS cng h tr mnh cng ngh VR v AR. V th,
mt khi thit b di ng sn sng cho VR v AR, hu ht cc hng sn xut smartphone u
pht trin nhng loi knh VR ring, nh Samsung c Gear VR, HTC c Vive, LG c 360 VR,
Lenovo c VR da trn nn tng Windows Holographic

Tuy hin ti VR vn cn nhng ro cn nh gi thnh cao, i hi phn cng x l mnh nhng

vi s pht trin cng ngh hin nay th VR s sm tr nn d tip cn hn vi mi ngi v s
thay i cch chng ta lm vic, gii tr.

Theo d bo ca Tp on D liu quc t (IDC), doanh thu ton cu ca VR v AR s tng t

5,2 t USD nm 2016 ln 162 t USD vo 2020. IDC cho bit AR/VR s t c mc chp
nhn rng ri vo nm 2021, khi hn 1 t ngi trn th gii thng xuyn truy cp vo cc ng
dng, ni dung v d liu thng qua mt nn tng AR/VR.

Mng x hi - Truyn thng

Mng x hi Facebook t c 1.86 t ngi s dng trong nm 2016. Ngy cng nhiu
ngi tip cn thng tin ch yu qua Facebook.

Ngoi l mng x hi ln nht hnh tinh, Facebook cn c xem l ngun cung cp thng tin
ph bin nht hin nay. Theo mt cuc kho st, 44% ngi trng thnh ti M s dng
Facebook nh mt ngun cung cp thng tin, thay v cc trang bo hay hng tin ln khc.

Mng x hi tr thnh mt phn khng th thiu trong cuc sng ca nhiu ngi, do vy
khng qu ngc nhin khi cc ng vin Tng thng M l Hillary Clinton v Donald Trump
tn dng ti a mng x hi nh Facebook v Twitter cho chin dch tranh c ca mnh.

Rt nhiu phong tro c bng n t nhng pht ng qua cc mng x hi. c im ca

mng x hi l s chia s cm xc v tnh lan truyn rt cao. Facebook gn kt cht ch vi
truyn hnh trong nc. Facebook l ni nhiu ngi dng mng tip nhn thng tin v chnh
ph v chnh tr a phng. Ni cch khc, thng tin vn n c vi mi ngi nhng khng
thng qua cc phng tin truyn thng truyn thng. Khng hn gii tr ngy nay tip nhn
thng tin km ho hng hn th h trc m ch l s thch v ngun tin ca h thay i.
C c mt tch cc v tiu cc v vai tr ca truyn thng x hi i vi thng tin. Mt mt, tnh
nng "chia s" trn Facebook hoc Twitter to iu kin tin tc c ph bin nhanh v tin
tc c a ra tho lun trong khng gian trc tuyn rng ln hn. Mt khc, tin tc trn
Facebook cng c th l tin tc gi mo hoc khng chnh xc.
Trong cuc bu c tng thng M, nhng tin tc gi mo v thiu kim chng c lan truyn
trn Facebook, trong c nhng cu chuyn sai v gia nh Hillary Clinton phm ti git ngi
hay Huma Abedin, Ph ch tch chin dch tranh c ca b Clinton, l mt tn khng b... nhng
tin tc ny c lan truyn trn Facebook lp tc gy nn mt ln sng tc gin v phn i
nhm vo b Clinton bt chp nhng s bc b ca cc hng tin c uy tin.

Kt qu ca cuc bu c M va din ra mt ln na cho thy rng mng x hi gi y khng

cn l cng c n thun kt ni mi ngi m n ng gp nhng vai tr to ln v lin
quan n nhiu vn quan trng hn.

Qua c th thy Facebook dn tr thnh 1 knh truyn thng ch khng ch n thun l

1 mng x hi na.

Trong mt cuc tr chuyn cui nm 2016 vi COO Sheryl Sandberg, ng ch Facebook, Mark
Zuckerbug, a ra nhn xt vai tr ca Facebook trong vic truyn ti tin tc ra th gii:
Facebook l mt loi nn tng truyn thng mi. khng phi l mt cng ty cng ngh
truyn thng. Nhng cng khng phi l cng ty truyn thng truyn thng. Bn bit y,
chng ti xy dng da trn cng ngh v chng ti cm thy c trch nhim v cch m mi
ngi s dng n. iu c ngha Zuckerberg m ch Facebook l mt th loi truyn
thng, ch c iu khc l n khng to ra ni dung theo kiu c.
Mi y, Facebook cng cng b cc d n mi nhm thit lp nhng mi quan h vng mnh
hn gia mng x hi v ngnh bo ch, cho php tin hnh cc cuc hp tc pht trin sn
phm, nhng cch thc mi cc nh xut bn kim tin, v c hot ng o to.Facebook
cng b d n bo ch ca mnh trong bi cnh hot ng phn phi tin tc ca mng x hi ln
nht th gii ny ngy cng b gim st k cng, c bit b cho l tht bi trong vic x l s
lan truyn nhng thng tin sai lch trong thi gian din ra cuc bu c tng thng M.

Y t - Sc khe

Cuc sng con ngi ngy cng c nng cao. Vn sc khe ngy cng c ch trng.
Cng ngh vn phc v con ngi cho nn lun c nhng cng ngh mi trong lnh vc Y t,
chm sc sc khe.

IoT c t k vng cao trong vic em n cuc cch mng trong lnh vc chm sc sc khe,
ha hn thay i ln cch thc con ngi tip cn cc dch v chm sc sc khe. Vic p dng
IoT trong chm sc sc khe c bn da trn nguyn tc chung ca IoT, l mt mng li cc
thit b kt ni trc tip vi nhau nm bt v chia s d liu. Nhng tin b trong cng ngh
cm bin v kt ni cho php cc thit b in t d dng thu thp v phn tch d liu. Trong
ngnh y t, iu ny cng quan trng khi nhng bnh mn tnh, khi pht bin chng t ngt,
kh phng nga nh tim mch, t qu ngy cng tng

Khng ch nhng h thng IoT chuyn dng cho vic chm sc sc khe, m ngay c cc vt
dng trong nh cng c kh nng nh gi sc khe ch nhn iu chnh hot ng hoc a
ra li cnh bo. Thit b gn vo gi c th hin th bo co v cht lng gic ng ca ch nhn
sau mt m, c th lm ch nhn thc gic mt cch d chu bng cch rung nh thi im
thch hp do hiu bit chu k gic ng, t lnh c th nhn bit c thc n, thc phm hng
v cnh bo cho chng ta.

Nm 2016 cng l nm t c nhiu thnh tu trong vic p dng AI chn on bnh :

Google DeepMind va cng b mt tha thun 5 nm vi Dch v Y t Quc gia (NHS) ca

Vng quc Anh. DeepMind s truy cp vo d liu bnh nhn pht trin v trin khai ng
dng chm sc sc khe Streams.

H thng Tr tu nhn to (AI) ca IBM l IBM Watson cu mng mt ph n Nht Bn vi

vic tm ng cn bnh m ngi ph n ny ang gnh chu. Khi m tt c cc phng php
pht hin bnh khc u v dng, h thng AI khin ton b cc bc s ngc nhin. AI a
ra kt qu rng bnh nhn mc phi mt chng leukemia cc k him gp.

Nc M s dng AI h tr bnh nhn ch tr leukemia v u no, nhng y li l ln u

tin AI pht hin ra bnh. V iu ny chng t rng chng ta ang tin thm mt bc vng
chc na vo k nguyn s dng tr thng minh nhn to.

Ngoi ra, hng IBM hp tc vi mng li Best Doctors, do cc bc s Trng Y Harvard thnh
lp nm 1989 gip nhng ngi ang vt ln vi bnh tt. Theo k hoch y t ca IBM
M, nhn vin ca hng v gia nh c truy cp thng tin v ung th ca Watson c th
hiu v vic iu tr bnh ny h thng IBM Watson h tr cc nhn vin mc ung th vi cc
thng tin v phc iu tr thch hp nht t thng 1/2017.

Trung tm Ung th Quc gia Nht Bn cho bit trung tm ny c k hoch s dng tr tu nhn
to (artificial intelligence - AI) trong vic chn on bnh ung th v quyt nh nhng liu trnh
tt nht iu tr nhng bnh nhn mc phi cn bnh ny.

Cng c tm kim ph bin nht Trung Quc, Baidu, va ra mt chatbot Melody, s dng tr tu
nhn to (AI) gip bc s chm sc bnh nhn qua tin nhn.

TNG KT :

Nhng phn tch pha trn ch i vo mt s kha cnh trong x hi & cuc sng ca con
ngi. Cn v vn nhng kha cnh m cc cng ngh mi ang len li vo. Tuy cha hn l
y nhng cng c th thy c rng cng ngh ang gip chng ta hng th mt cuc
sng tt p hn, gip gii quyt nhiu vn ca nhn loi. V kha cnh kinh doanh v
u t, chng ta c th hnh dung mt cch c th nhng ng dng ca cc cng ngh mi
vo cc mt cuc sng, t c c ci nhn tng quan v cc cng ngh trong cuc cch
mng 4.0 a ra nhng quyt nh kinh doanh v u t.