What do the values for ABI imply about Johns legs?

He has a .42 in his right leg which means he has a moderate obstruction and a .9 in his left leg
which means he has a mild obstruction.

What is most likely occurring inside Johns leg to cause this increase in peripheral
pressures? How does this relate to smoking?

There is a build-up in his artery caused by Nicotine not being able to be broken down in the
body.

What is arteriosclerosis? What is the difference between arteriosclerosis and

atherosclerosis?

Arteriosclerosis a condition commonly called hardening of the arteries. The difference between
arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis is that arteriosclerosis is the hardening of the artery walls
and atherosclerosis is the narrowing of the walls due to plaque buildup. Atherosclerosis is a
specific type of arteriosclerosis.

How can atherosclerosis be linked to PAD?

PAD is often caused by atherosclerosis. In atherosclerosis, fatty deposits build up in artery walls
and reduce blood flow. Although the heart is usually the focus of discussion of atherosclerosis,
this disease can and usually does affect arteries throughout your body, such as Johns calf
muscle.

What other tests can be performed to confirm this diagnosis?

Doppler ultrasound. It may be used to measure blood flow in the arteries. Magnetic resonance
angiogram (MRA) or computerized tomography (CT) angiography. These tests can also help
diagnose PAD.

If tests confirm that John has a clot in his leg, what treatment options may help relieve his
pain and save his leg?

Medications such as Anti-Platelet Agents, Aspirin, Plavix, Anticoagulation Agents,

and Lovenox. Surgery is also an option such as an angioplasty and stenting.