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  • 17.3 Properties of Determinants

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    The document summarizes properties of determinants in 3 sentences: 1) The determinant of an array with all non-zero entries on the main diagonal is the product of its diagonal entries, with the sign defined as that of the product. 2) A key property is that the determinant of a parallelogram only depends on its height and is unchanged if the second side tilts towards the base or the parallelogram is rotated. 3) Similarly, the determinant is linear in any row or column, so adding a multiple of one row to another does not change the determinant.

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    Determinants

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    The document summarizes properties of determinants in 3 sentences: 1) The determinant of an array with all non-zero entries on the main diagonal is the product of its diagonal entries, with the sign defined as that of the product. 2) A key property is that the determinant of a parallelogram only depends on its height and is unchanged if the second side tilts towards the base or the parallelogram is rotated. 3) Similarly, the determinant is linear in any row or column, so adding a multiple of one row to another does not change the determinant.

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    13 views1 page

    17.3 Properties of Determinants

    Uploaded by

    RaghuSrinivasan
    The document summarizes properties of determinants in 3 sentences: 1) The determinant of an array with all non-zero entries on the main diagonal is the product of its diagonal entries, with the sign defined as that of the product. 2) A key property is that the determinant of a parallelogram only depends on its height and is unchanged if the second side tilts towards the base or the parallelogram is rotated. 3) Similarly, the determinant is linear in any row or column, so adding a multiple of one row to another does not change the determinant.

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    Home|CalculusforBeginners|Chapter17 ToolsGlossaryIndexUpPreviousNext

    17.3PropertiesofDeterminants
    Thefirstproperty,whichwededucefromthedefinitionofdeterminantandwhatwealreadyknowaboutareasandvolumes,is
    thevalueofthedeterminantofanarraywithallitsnonzeroentriesonthemaindiagonal.Suchanarraydescribesafigure
    whichisarectangleorrectangularparallelepiped,withsidesthatareparalleltothexandyandzandwhateveraxes.We
    alreadyknowthatthemagnitudeofthisdeterminantmustbetheproductofitsdiagonalentries.Thesignwedefinetobethat
    ofthisproduct.

    Thusthedeterminantsofthethreearraysaboveare5,1and2,respectively.

    Thisiswonderful?

    No,notyet.Thisisadefinitionofthesignofadeterminant.Itdependsontheorderinwhichyouchoosetolistthesidesof
    thefigure.

    Wereallyareinterestedintheareaofparallelogramsthataretilted,sothatsidesarenotperpendiculartooneanother,orthat
    arerotated,sothatthesidesarenotparalleltoaxes.

    Andhereisthewonderfulfact:Ifyoufixthebaseofaparallelogram,(onesideofit,)thenitsareaonlydependsontheheight
    oftheparallelogramfromthatbase.Itdoesnotmatterhowmuchthesecondsidetiltsinthedirectionofthebase.

    Asimilarpropertyholdsinanydimension,andtellsus:wecanaddanymultipleofonerowofthearraytoanyotherrow,
    withoutchangingitsdeterminant.

    Anotherwonderfulfactthatfollowsfromthefirsttwois:thedeterminantislinearinanyoftherows(orcolumns)ofits
    array.Thismeansthatifyoumultiplysomerowby7thevalueofthedeterminantgoesupbyafactorof7.Italsomeansthat
    ifyoutaketwoarraysthatdifferonlyinsomeonerow,likethefollowingtwo,whichdifferonlyintheirfirstrows:

    thenthedeterminantofthearraygottenbysummingtherowsthatdifferandkeepingtheothersthesame,(gettinghere34for
    thefirstrowand57forthesecond)isthesumofthedeterminantsofthetwoarraysyoustartedwith.

    Exercise17.5Show,byaddingrowstooneanotherappropriately,thatinterchangingtworowsofanarraychangesthe
    signofitsdeterminant.(Hintaddarowtoanother,subtracttheotherwayandaddbackthefirstwayorsomething
    likethat)

    Andwhatgoodisallthis?

    UpPreviousNext

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