Practical #08

Object: Determination of reserves by volumetric estimation Method.

Theory
A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface pool of
hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations. Petroleum
reservoirs are broadly classified as conventional and unconventional
reservoirs.
Reserves are the amount of technically and economically recoverable
Hydrocarbons. The relative degree of uncertainty can be expressed by
dividing reserves into two principal classificationsprove, probable and
possible.
Proven reserves are those reserves claimed to have a reasonable certainty
(normally at least 90% confidence) of being recoverable.
Probable reserves are attributed to known accumulations and claim a 50%
confidence level of recovery.
Possible reserves are attributed to known accumulations and claim a 10% confidence level of
recovery.
Depending on the amount and quality of data available, one or more of the
following methods may be used to estimate reserves

Volumetric,
Decline analysis,
Material balance
Reservoir simulation
Volumetric estimation:
Volumetric estimates of OOIP and OGIP are based on a geological model that
geometrically describes the volume of hydrocarbons in the reservoir.
However, due mainly to gas evolving from the oil as pressure and
temperature are decreased, oil at the surface occupies less space than it
does in the subsurface. Basic volumetric equations are

Where

N = OOIP (STB)

G = OGIP(SCF)

43560 = conversion factor from acre-ft to ft3

7758 = conversion factor from acre-ft to bbl

 A = area of reservoir (acres) from map data

h = height or thickness of pay zone (ft) from log and/or core data
= porosity (decimal) from log and/or core data
Sw = connate water saturation (decimal) from log and/or core data