Standards: NGSS - Next Generation Science Standards

Common Core State Standards for Mathematics

all
Grades: 8, 9, 10
Units: 1, 8, 10, 11

Code Chapter Grades Standard Specifics

RST.6-8.1 Reading 6-8 Key Ideas and Details Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of science and technical texts.

Determine the central ideas or conclusions of a text; provide an accurate summary of the
RST.6-8.2 Reading 6-8 Key Ideas and Details
text distinct from prior knowledge or opinions.

Follow precisely a multistep procedure when carrying out experiments, taking

RST.6-8.3 Reading 6-8 Key Ideas and Details
measurements, or performing technical tasks.

Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-specific words and
RST.6-8.4 Reading 6-8 Craft and Structure phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to grades 6
8 texts and topics

Distinguish among facts, reasoned judgment based on research findings, and speculation
RST.6-8.8 Reading 6-8 Integration of Knowledge and Ideas
in a text.

Range of Reading and Level of Text Complexity By the end of grade 8, read and comprehend science/technical texts in the grades 6 8
RST.6-8.10 Reading 6-8
text complexity band independently and proficiently.

Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of science and technical texts, attending
RST.9-10.1 Reading 9-10 Key Ideas and Details
to the precise details of explanations or descriptions.

Determine the central ideas or conclusions of a text; trace the text s explanation or
RST.9-10.2 Reading 9-10 Key Ideas and Details depiction of a complex process, phenomenon, or concept; provide an accurate summary
of the text.

Follow precisely a complex multistep procedure when carrying out experiments, taking
RST.9-10.3 Reading 9-10 Key Ideas and Details measurements, or performing technical tasks, attending to special cases or exceptions
defined in the text.

Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-specific words and
RST.9-10.4 Reading 9-10 Craft and Structure phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to grades 9
10 texts and topics.

Assess the extent to which the reasoning and evidence in a text support the author s
RST.9-10.8 Reading 9-10 Integration of Knowledge and Ideas
claim or a recommendation for solving a scientific or technical problem.

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Code Chapter Grades Standard Specifics
Range of Reading and Level of Text Complexity By the end of grade 10, read and comprehend science/technical texts in the grades 9 10
RST.9-10.10 Reading 9-10
text complexity band independently and proficiently.

Introduce claim(s) about a topic or issue, acknowledge and distinguish the claim(s) from
WHST.6-8.1a Writing 6-8 Text Types and Purposes
alternate or opposing claims, and organize the reasons and evidence logically.

Support claim(s) with logical reasoning and relevant, accurate data and evidence that
WHST.6-8.1b Writing 6-8 Text Types and Purposes
demonstrate an understanding of the topic or text, using credible sources.

Use words, phrases, and clauses to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among
WHST.6-8.1c Writing 6-8 Text Types and Purposes
claim(s), counterclaims, reasons, and evidence.

Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to inform about or explain the
WHST.6-8.2d Writing 6-8 Text Types and Purposes
topic.

Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization, and style are
WHST.6-8.4 Writing 6-8 Production and Distribution of Writing
appropriate to task, purpose, and audience.

Use technology, including the Internet, to produce and publish writing and present the
WHST.6-8.6 Writing 6-8 Production and Distribution of Writing
relationships between information and ideas clearly and efficiently.

Conduct short research projects to answer a question (including a self-generated

WHST.6-8.7 Writing 6-8 Research to Build and Present Knowledge question), drawing on several sources and generating additional related, focused
questions that allow for multiple avenues of exploration.

Gather relevant information from multiple print and digital sources, using search terms
effectively; assess the credibility and accuracy of each source; and quote or paraphrase
WHST.6-8.8 Writing 6-8 Research to Build and Present Knowledge
the data and conclusions of others while avoiding plagiarism and following a standard
format for citation.

WHST.6-8.9 Writing 6-8 Research to Build and Present Knowledge Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis reflection, and research.

Write routinely over extended time frames (time for reflection and revision) and shorter
WHST.6-8.10 Writing 6-8 Range of Writing time frames (a single sitting or a day or two) for a range of discipline-specific tasks,
purposes, and audiences.

Introduce precise claim(s), distinguish the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claims, and
WHST.9-10.1a Writing 9-10 Text Types and Purposes create an organization that establishes clear relationships among the claim(s),
counterclaims, reasons, and evidence.

Develop claim(s) and counterclaims fairly, supplying data and evidence for each while
pointing out the strengths and limitations of both claim(s) and counterclaims in a
WHST.9-10.1b Writing 9-10 Text Types and Purposes
discipline-appropriate form and in a manner that anticipates the audience s knowledge
level and concerns.

Use words, phrases, and clauses to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion,
WHST.9-10.1c Writing 9-10 Text Types and Purposes and clarify the relationships between claim(s) and reasons, between reasons and
evidence, and between claim(s) and counterclaims.

Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to manage the complexity of the
WHST.9-10.2d Writing 9-10 Text Types and Purposes topic and convey a style appropriate to the discipline and context as well as to the
expertise of likely readers.

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Code Chapter Grades Standard Specifics
Use technology, including the Internet, to produce, publish, and update individual or
WHST.9-10.6 Writing 9-10 Production and Distribution of Writing shared writing products, taking advantage of technology s capacity to link to other
information and to display information flexibly and dynamically.

Conduct short as well as more sustained research projects to answer a question

(including a self generated question) or solve a problem; narrow or broaden the inquiry
WHST.9-10.7 Writing 9-10 Research to Build and Present Knowledge
when appropriate; synthesize multiple sources on the subject, demonstrating
understanding of the subject under investigation.

Gather relevant information from multiple authoritative print and digital sources, using
advanced searches effectively; assess the usefulness of each source in answering the
WHST.9-10.8 Writing 9-10 Research to Build and Present Knowledge
research question; integrate information into the text selectively to maintain the flow of
ideas, avoiding plagiarism and following a standard format for citation.

WHST.9-10.9 Writing 9-10 Research to Build and Present Knowledge Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research.

Write routinely over extended time frames (time for reflection and revision) and shorter
WHST.9-10.10 Writing 9-10 Range of Writing time frames (a single sitting or a day or two) for a range of discipline-specific tasks,
purposes, and audiences.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the New products and systems can be developed to solve problems or to help do things that
1.F 6-8
Technology characteristics and scope of technology. could not be done without the help of technology.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the The development of technology is a human activity and is the result of individual or
1.G 6-8
Technology characteristics and scope of technology. collective needs and the ability to be creative.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the

1.H 6-8 Technology is closely linked to creativity, which has resulted in innovation.
Technology characteristics and scope of technology.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the Corporations can often create demand for a product by bringing it onto the market and
1.I 6-8
Technology characteristics and scope of technology. advertising it.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the The nature and development of technological knowledge and processes are functions of
1.J 9-12
Technology characteristics and scope of technology. the setting.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the

1.K 9-12 The rate of technological development and diffusion is increasing rapidly.
Technology characteristics and scope of technology.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the

1.L 9-12 Inventions and innovations are the results of specific, goal-directed research.
Technology characteristics and scope of technology.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the

1.M 9-12 Most development of technologies these days is driven by profit motive and the market.
Technology characteristics and scope of technology.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the

2.M 6-8 Technological systems include input, processes, output, and, at times, feedback.
Technology core concepts of technology.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the

2.N 6-8 Systems thinking involves considering how every part relates to others.
Technology core concepts of technology.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the

2.Q 6-8 Malfunctions of any part of a system may affect the function and quality of the system.
Technology core concepts of technology.

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Code Chapter Grades Standard Specifics
The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the
2.R 6-8 Requirements are the parameters placed on the development of a product or system.
Technology core concepts of technology.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the Trade-off is a decision process recognizing the need for careful compromises among
2.S 6-8
Technology core concepts of technology. competing factors.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the

2.T 6-8 Different technologies involve different sets of processes.
Technology core concepts of technology.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the Systems thinking applies logic and creativity with appropriate compromises in complex
2.W 9-12
Technology core concepts of technology. real-life problems.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the Systems, which are the building blocks of technology, are embedded within larger
2.X 9-12
Technology core concepts of technology. technological, social, and environmental systems.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the Selecting resources involves tradeoffs between competing values, such as availability,
2.Z 9-12
Technology core concepts of technology. cost, desirability, and waste.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the Requirements involve the identification of the criteria and constraints of a product or
2.AA 9-12
Technology core concepts of technology. system and the determination of how they affect the final design and development.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the Optimization is an ongoing process or methodology of designing or making a product and
2.BB 9-12
Technology core concepts of technology. is dependent on criteria and constraints.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the

2.CC 9-12 New technologies create new processes.
Technology core concepts of technology.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the

2.EE 9-12 Management is the process of planning, organizing, and controlling work.
Technology core concepts of technology.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the Complex systems have many layers of controls and feedback loops to provide
2.FF 9-12
Technology core concepts of technology. information.

Students will develop an understanding of the

The Nature of relationships among technologies and the
3.D 6-8 Technological systems often interact with one another.
Technology connections between technology and other fields
of study.

Students will develop an understanding of the

The Nature of relationships among technologies and the A product, system, or environment developed for one setting may be applied to another
3.E 6-8
Technology connections between technology and other fields setting.
of study.

Students will develop an understanding of the

The Nature of relationships among technologies and the Knowledge gained from other fields of study has a direct effect on the development of
3.F 6-8
Technology connections between technology and other fields technological products and systems.
of study.

Students will develop an understanding of the

The Nature of relationships among technologies and the Technology transfer occurs when a new user applies an existing innovation developed for
3.G 9-12
Technology connections between technology and other fields one purpose in a different function.
of study.

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Code Chapter Grades Standard Specifics
Students will develop an understanding of the
The Nature of relationships among technologies and the Technological innovation often results when ideas, knowledge or skills are shared within
3.H 9-12
Technology connections between technology and other fields a technology, among technologies or across other fields.
of study.

Students will develop an understanding of the

The Nature of relationships among technologies and the
3.I 9-12 Technology ideas are sometimes protected through the process of patenting.
Technology connections between technology and other fields
of study.

Students will develop an understanding of the

The Nature of relationships among technologies and the
3.J 9-12 Technological progress promotes the advancement of science and mathematics.
Technology connections between technology and other fields
of study.

Students will develop an understanding of the

Technology and The use of technology affects humans in various ways, including their safety, comfort,
4.D 6-8 cultural, social, economic, and political effects of
Society choices, and attitudes about technology s development and use.
technology

Students will develop an understanding of the

Technology and Technology, by itself, is neither good nor bad, but decisions about the use of products
4.E 6-8 cultural, social, economic, and political effects of
Society and systems can result in desirable or undesirable consequences.
technology

Students will develop an understanding of the

Technology and Changes caused by the use of technology can range from gradual to rapid and from
4.H 9-12 cultural, social, economic, and political effects of
Society subtle to obvious.
technology

Students will develop an understanding of the

Technology and Making decisions about the use of technology involves weighing the trade-offs between
4.I 9-12 cultural, social, economic, and political effects of
Society the positive and negative effects.
technology

Technology and Students will develop an understanding of the When new technologies are developed to reduce the use of resources, considerations of
5.H 9-12
Society effects of technology on the environment. tradeoffs are important.

Technology and Students will develop an understanding of the Humans devise technologies to reduce the negative consequences of other technologies.
5.K 9-12
Society effects of technology on the environment.

Students will develop an understanding of the

Technology and Throughout history, new technologies have resulted from the demands, values and
6.D 6-8 role of society in the development and use of
Society interests of individuals, businesses, industries and societies.
technology.

Students will develop an understanding of the

Technology and The use of inventions and innovations has led to changes in society and the creation of
6.E 6-8 role of society in the development and use of
Society new needs and wants.
technology.

Technology and Students will develop an understanding of the Many inventions and innovations have evolved by using slow and methodical processes
7.C 6-8
Society influence of technology on history. of tests and refinements.

Technology and Students will develop an understanding of the The specialization of function has been at the heart of many technological improvements.
7.D 6-8
Society influence of technology on history.

Students will develop an understanding of the

8.E Design 6-8 Design is a creative planning process that leads to useful products and systems.
attributes of design.

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Code Chapter Grades Standard Specifics
Students will develop an understanding of the
8.F Design 6-8 There is no perfect design.
attributes of design.

Students will develop an understanding of the

8.G Design 6-8 Requirements for a design are made up of criteria and constraints.
attributes of design.

The design process includes defining a problem, brainstorming, researching and

generating ideas, identifying criteria and specifying constraints, exploring possibilities,
Students will develop an understanding of the
8.H Design 9-12 selecting an approach, developing a design proposal, making a model or prototype,
attributes of design.
testing and evaluating the design using specifications, refining the design, creating or
making it, and communicating processes and results.

Students will develop an understanding of the

8.I Design 9-12 Design problems are seldom presented in a clearly defined form.
attributes of design.

Students will develop an understanding of the The design needs to be continually checked and critiqued, and the ideas of the design
8.J Design 9-12
attributes of design. must be redefined and improved.

Students will develop an understanding of the Requirements of a design, such as criteria, constraints, and efficiency, sometimes
8.K Design 9-12
attributes of design. compete with each other.

Students will develop an understanding of Design involves a set of steps, which can be performed in different sequences and
9.F Design 6-8
engineering design. repeated as needed.

Students will develop an understanding of Brainstorming is a group problem-solving design process in which each person in the
9.G Design 6-8
engineering design. group presents his or her ideas in an open forum.

Students will develop an understanding of Modeling, testing, evaluating, and modifying are used to transform ideas into practical
9.H Design 6-8
engineering design. solutions.

Students will develop an understanding of Established design principles are used to evaluate existing designs, to collect data, and
9.I Design 9-12
engineering design. to guide the design process.

Students will develop an understanding of Engineering design is influenced by personal characteristics, such as creativity,
9.J Design 9-12
engineering design. resourcefulness, and the ability to visualize and think abstractly.

Students will develop an understanding of A prototype is a working model used to test a design concept by making actual
9.K Design 9-12
engineering design. observations and necessary adjustments.

Students will develop an understanding of

9.L Design 9-12 The process of engineering design takes into account a number of factors.
engineering design.

Students will develop an understanding of the

role of troubleshooting, research and Troubleshooting is a problem-solving method used to identify the cause of a malfunction
10.F Design 6-8
development, invention and innovation, and in a technological system.
experimentation in problem solving.

Students will develop an understanding of the

role of troubleshooting, research and Invention is a process of turning ideas and imagination into devices and systems.
10.G Design 6-8
development, invention and innovation, and Innovation is the process of modifying an existing product or system to improve it.
experimentation in problem solving.

Page 6/15
Code Chapter Grades Standard Specifics
Students will develop an understanding of the
role of troubleshooting, research and
10.H Design 6-8 Some technological problems are best solved through experimentation.
development, invention and innovation, and
experimentation in problem solving.

Students will develop an understanding of the

Research and development is a specific problem-solving approach that is used
role of troubleshooting, research and
10.I Design 9-12 intensively in business and industry to prepare devices and systems for the marketplace.
development, invention and innovation, and
experimentation in problem solving.

Students will develop an understanding of the

role of troubleshooting, research and
10.J Design 9-12 Technological problems must be researched before they can be solved.
development, invention and innovation, and
experimentation in problem solving.

Students will develop an understanding of the

role of troubleshooting, research and Not all problems are technological, and not every problem can be solved using
10.K Design 9-12
development, invention and innovation, and technology.
experimentation in problem solving.

Students will develop an understanding of the

role of troubleshooting, research and
10.L Design 9-12 Many technological problems require a multidisciplinary approach.
development, invention and innovation, and
experimentation in problem solving.

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to apply the
11.H Technological 6-8 Apply a design process to solve problems in and beyond the laboratory-classroom.
design process.
World

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to apply the
11.I Technological 6-8 Specify criteria and constraints for the design.
design process.
World

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to use and Use information provided in manuals, protocols, or by experienced people to see and
12.H Technological 6-8
maintain technological products and systems. understand how things work.
World

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to use and
12.J Technological 6-8 Use computers and calculators in various applications.
maintain technological products and systems.
World

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to use and Document processes and procedures and communicate them to different audiences
12.L Technological 9-12
maintain technological products and systems. using appropriate oral and written techniques.
World

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to use and Use computers and calculators to access, retrieve, organize, process, maintain, interpret,
12.P Technological 9-12
maintain technological products and systems. and evaluate data and information in order to communicate.
World

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to assess the
13.F Technological 6-8 Design and use instruments to gather data.
impact of products and systems.
World

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Code Chapter Grades Standard Specifics
Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to assess the Use data collected to analyze and interpret trends in order to identify the positive or
13.G Technological 6-8
impact of products and systems. negative effects of a technology.
World

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to assess the
13.H Technological 6-8 Identify trends and monitor potential consequences of technological development.
impact of products and systems.
World

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to assess the Interpret and evaluate the accuracy of the information obtained and determine if it is
13.I Technological 6-8
impact of products and systems. useful.
World

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to assess the
13.J Technological 9-12 Collect information and evaluate its quality.
impact of products and systems.
World

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to assess the Synthesize data, analyze trends, and draw conclusions regarding the effect of technology
13.K Technological 9-12
impact of products and systems. on the individual, society, and the environment.
World

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed Information and communication systems allow information to be transferred from human
17.H 6-8 be able to select and use information and
World to human, human to machine, and machine to human.
communication technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed Communication systems are made up of a source, encoder, transmitter, receiver,
17.I 6-8 be able to select and use information and
World decoder, and destination.
communication technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed The design of a message is influenced by such factors as the intended audience,
17.J 6-8 be able to select and use information and
World medium, purpose, and nature of the message.
communication technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed The use of symbols, measurements, and drawings promotes clear communication by
17.K 6-8 be able to select and use information and
World providing a common language to express ideas.
communication technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed Information and communication technologies include the inputs, processes, and outputs
17.L 9-12 be able to select and use information and
World associated with sending and receiving information.
communication technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed Information and communication systems allow information to be transferred from human
17.M 9-12 be able to select and use information and
World to human, human to machine, machine to human, and machine to machine.
communication technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed Information and communication systems can be used to inform, persuade, entertain,
17.N 9-12 be able to select and use information and
World control, manage, and educate.
communication technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed Communication systems are made up of source, encoder, transmitter, receiver, decoder,
17.O 9-12 be able to select and use information and
World storage, retrieval, and destination.
communication technologies.

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Code Chapter Grades Standard Specifics
Students will develop an understanding of and
The Designed There are many ways to communicate information, such as graphic and electronic
17.P 9-12 be able to select and use information and
World means.
communication technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and Technological knowledge and processes are communicated using symbols,
The Designed
17.Q 9-12 be able to select and use information and measurement, conventions, icons, graphic images, and languages that incorporate a
World
communication technologies. variety of visual, auditory, and tactile stimuli.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed Manufacturing systems use mechanical processes that change the form of materials
19.F 6-8 be able to select and use manufacturing
World through the processes of separating, forming, combining and conditioning them.
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed
19.G 6-8 be able to select and use manufacturing Manufactured goods may be classified as durable and nondurable.
World
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed Marketing a product involves informing the public about it as well as assisting in selling
19.K 6-8 be able to select and use manufacturing
World and distributing it.
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed
19.L 9-12 be able to select and use manufacturing Servicing keeps products in good operating condition.
World
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed
19.M 9-12 be able to select and use manufacturing Materials have different qualities and may be classified as natural, synthetic, or mixed.
World
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed Durable goods are designed to operate for a long period of time, while non-durable goods
19.N 9-12 be able to select and use manufacturing
World are designed to operate for a short period of time.
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed Manufacturing systems may be classified into types, such as customized production,
19.O 9-12 be able to select and use manufacturing
World batch production, and continuous production.
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed
19.P 9-12 be able to select and use manufacturing The interchangeability of parts increases the effectiveness of manufacturing processes.
World
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed Marketing involves establishing a product s identity, conducting research on its potential,
19.R 9-12 be able to select and use manufacturing
World advertising it, distributing it, and selling it.
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed
20.G 6-8 be able to select and use construction Structures rest on a foundation.
World
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed
20.H 6-8 be able to select and use construction Some structures are temporary, while others are permanent.
World
technologies.

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Code Chapter Grades Standard Specifics
Students will develop an understanding of and
The Designed
20.I 6-8 be able to select and use construction Buildings generally contain a variety of subsystems.
World
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed
20.J 9-12 be able to select and use construction Infrastructure is the underlying base or basic framework of a system.
World
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed
20.K 9-12 be able to select and use construction Structures are constructed using a variety of processes and procedures.
World
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed
20.L 9-12 be able to select and use construction The design of structures includes a number of requirements.
World
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed
20.N 9-12 be able to select and use construction Structures can include prefabricated materials.
World
technologies.

Define the criteria and constraints of a design

problem with sufficient precision to ensure a Define the criteria and constraints of a design problem with sufficient precision to ensure
Engineering successful solution, taking into account relevant a successful solution, taking into account relevant scientific principles and potential
MS-ETS1-1 6-8
Design scientific principles and potential impacts on impacts on people and the natural environment that may limit possible solutions.
people and the natural environment that may
limit possible solutions.

Evaluate competing design solutions using a

Engineering systematic process to determine how well they Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well
MS-ETS1-2 6-8
Design meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem.

Analyze data from tests to determine similarities

and differences among several design solutions
Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design
Engineering to identify the best characteristics of each that
MS-ETS1-3 6-8 solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new
Design can be combined into a new solution to better
solution to better meet the criteria for success.
meet the criteria for success.

Develop a model to generate data for iterative

Engineering testing and modification of a proposed object, Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed
MS-ETS1-4 6-8
Design tool, or process such that an optimal design can object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.
be achieved.

Analyze a major global challenge to specify

Engineering qualitative and quantitative criteria and Analyze a major global challenge to specify qualitative and quantitative criteria and
HS-ETS1-1 9-12
Design constraints for solutions that account for societal constraints for solutions that account for societal needs and wants.
needs and wants.

Design a solution to a complex real-world

Engineering problem by breaking it down into smaller, more Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more
HS-ETS1-2 9-12
Design manageable problems that can be solved manageable problems that can be solved through engineering.
through engineering.

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Code Chapter Grades Standard Specifics
Evaluate a solution to a complex real-world
problem based on prioritized criteria and
Evaluate a solution to a complex real-world problem based on prioritized criteria and
Engineering trade-offs that account for a range of constraints,
HS-ETS1-3 9-12 trade-offs that account for a range of constraints, including cost, safety, reliability, and
Design including cost, safety, reliability, and aesthetics,
aesthetics, as well as possible social, cultural, and environmental impacts.
as well as possible social, cultural, and
environmental impacts.

8.EE.A Grade 8 8 Expressions and Equations Work with radicals and integer exponents.

Understand the connections between proportional relationships, lines, and linear

8.EE.B Grade 8 8 Expressions and Equations
equations.

8.F.A Grade 8 8 Functions Define, evaluate, and compare functions.

8.F.B Grade 8 8 Functions Use functions to model relationships between quantities.

Understand congruence and similarity using physical models, transparencies, or

8.G.A Grade 8 8 Geometry
geometry software.

8.G.B Grade 8 8 Geometry Understand and apply the Pythagorean Theorem.

Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving volume of cylinders, cones, and
8.G.C Grade 8 8 Geometry
spheres.

8.SP.A Grade 8 8 Statistics and Probability Investigate patterns of association in bivariate data.

HS - Number and
N-RN.B 9-12 The Real Number System Use properties of rational and irrational numbers.
Quantity

HS - Number and
N-Q.A 9-12 Quantities* Reason quantitatively and use units to solve problems.
Quantity

HS - Number and
N-CN.A 9-12 The Complex Number System Perform arithmetic operations with complex numbers.
Quantity

A-CED.A HS - Algebra 9-12 Creating Equations* Create equations that describe numbers or relationships

A-REI.A HS - Algebra 9-12 Reasoning with Equations and Inequalities Understand solving equations as a process of reasoning and explain the reasoning

G-CO.A HS - Geometry 9-12 Congruence Experiment with transformations in the plane

G-CO.B HS - Geometry 9-12 Congruence Understand congruence in terms of rigid motions

G-CO.D HS - Geometry 9-12 Congruence Make geometric constructions

G-SRT.A HS - Geometry 9-12 Similarity, Right Triangles, and Trigonometry Understand similarity in terms of similarity transformations

G-SRT.B HS - Geometry 9-12 Similarity, Right Triangles, and Trigonometry Prove theorems involving similarity

G-SRT.C HS - Geometry 9-12 Similarity, Right Triangles, and Trigonometry Define trigonometric ratios and solve problems involving right triangles

G-SRT.D HS - Geometry 9-12 Similarity, Right Triangles, and Trigonometry Apply trigonometry to general triangles

G-C.A HS - Geometry 9-12 Circles Understand and apply theorems about circles

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Code Chapter Grades Standard Specifics
G-GMD.A HS - Geometry 9-12 Geometric Measurement and Dimension Explain volume formulas and use them to solve problems

G-GMD.B HS - Geometry 9-12 Geometric Measurement and Dimension Visualize relationships between two-dimensional and threedimensional objects

HS - Statistics
S-ID.A 9-12 Interpreting Categorical and Quantitative Data Summarize, represent, and interpret data on a single count or measurement variable
and Probability

Integrate quantitative or technical information expressed in words in a text with a version

RST.6-8.7 Reading 6-8 Integration of Knowledge and Ideas of that information expressed visually (e.g., in a flowchart, diagram, model, graph, or
table).

Compare and contrast the information gained from experiments, simulations, video, or
RST.6-8.9 Reading 6-8 Integration of Knowledge and Ideas
multimedia sources with that gained from reading a text on the same topic.

Translate quantitative or technical information expressed in words in a text into visual

RST.9-10.7 Reading 9-10 Integration of Knowledge and Ideas form (e.g., a table or chart) and translate information expressed visually or mathematically
(e.g., in an equation) into words.

Compare and contrast findings presented in a text to those from other sources (including
RST.9-10.9 Reading 9-10 Integration of Knowledge and Ideas their own experiments), noting when the findings support or contradict previous
explanations or accounts.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the

2.P 6-8 Technological systems can be connected to one another.
Technology core concepts of technology.

Maintenance is the process of inspecting and servicing a product or system on a regular

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the
2.U 6-8 basis in order for it to continue functioning properly, to extend its life, or to upgrade its
Technology core concepts of technology.
capability.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the Controls are mechanisms or particular steps that people perform using information about
2.V 6-8
Technology core concepts of technology. the system that causes systems to change.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the The stability of a technological system is influenced by all of the components in the
2.Y 9-12
Technology core concepts of technology. system, especially those in the feedback loop.

The Nature of Students will develop an understanding of the Quality control is a planned process to ensure that a product, service, or system meets
2.DD 9-12
Technology core concepts of technology. established criteria.

The design and construction of structures for service or convenience have evolved from
Technology and Students will develop an understanding of the
7.E 6-8 the development of techniques for measurement, controlling systems, and the
Society influence of technology on history.
understanding of spatial relationships.

Technology and Students will develop an understanding of the Most technological development has been evolutionary, the result of a series of
7.G 9-12
Society influence of technology on history. refinements to a basic invention.

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to apply the
11.J Technological 6-8 Make two-dimensional and three-dimensional representations of the designed solution.
design process.
World

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to apply the Test and evaluate the design in relation to pre-established requirements, such as criteria
11.K Technological 6-8
design process. and constraints, and refine as needed.
World

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Code Chapter Grades Standard Specifics
Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to apply the
11.L Technological 6-8 Make a product or system and document the solution.
design process.
World

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to apply the
11.M Technological 9-12 Identify the design problem to solve and decide whether or not to address it.
design process.
World

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to apply the
11.N Technological 9-12 Identify criteria and constraints and determine how these will affect the design process.
design process.
World

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to apply the Refine a design by using prototypes and modeling to ensure quality, efficiency, and
11.O Technological 9-12
design process. productivity of the final product.
World

Abilities for a Evaluate the design solution using conceptual, physical, and mathematical models at
Students will develop the abilities to apply the
11.P Technological 9-12 various intervals of the design process in order to check for proper design and to note
design process.
World areas where improvements are needed.

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to apply the
11.Q Technological 9-12 Develop and produce a product or system using a design process.
design process.
World

Abilities for a Evaluate final solutions and communicate observation, processes, and results of the
Students will develop the abilities to apply the
11.R Technological 9-12 entire design process, using verbal, graphic, quantitative, virtual, and written means, in
design process.
World addition to three-dimensional models.

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to use and
12.I Technological 6-8 Use tools, materials, and machines safely to diagnose, adjust, and repair systems.
maintain technological products and systems.
World

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to use and
12.K Technological 6-8 Operate and maintain systems in order to achieve a given purpose.
maintain technological products and systems.
World

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to use and Diagnose a system that is malfunctioning and use tools, materials, machines, and
12.M Technological 9-12
maintain technological products and systems. knowledge to repair it.
World

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to use and Troubleshoot, analyze, and maintain systems to ensure safe and proper function and
12.N Technological 9-12
maintain technological products and systems. precision.
World

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to use and
12.O Technological 9-12 Operate systems so that they function in the way they were designed.
maintain technological products and systems.
World

Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to assess the Use assessment techniques, such as trend analysis and experimentation to make
13.L Technological 9-12
impact of products and systems. decisions about the future development of technology.
World

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Code Chapter Grades Standard Specifics
Abilities for a
Students will develop the abilities to assess the
13.M Technological 9-12 Design forecasting techniques to evaluate the results of altering natural systems.
impact of products and systems.
World

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed
16.E 6-8 be able to select and use energy and power Energy is the capacity to do work.
World
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed
16.F 6-8 be able to select and use energy and power Energy can be used to do work, using many processes.
World
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed Power is the rate at which energy is converted from one form to another or transferred
16.G 6-8 be able to select and use energy and power
World from one place to another, or the rate at which work is done.
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed Power systems are used to drive and provide propulsion to other technological products
16.H 6-8 be able to select and use energy and power
World and systems.
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed
16.I 6-8 be able to select and use energy and power Much of the energy used in our environment is not used efficiently.
World
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed Energy cannot be created nor destroyed; however, it can be converted from one form to
16.J 9-12 be able to select and use energy and power
World another.
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed Energy can be grouped into major forms: thermal, radiant, electrical, mechanical,
16.K 9-12 be able to select and use energy and power
World chemical, nuclear, and others.
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed It is impossible to build an engine to perform work that does not exhaust thermal energy
16.L 9-12 be able to select and use energy and power
World to the surroundings.
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed
16.M 9-12 be able to select and use energy and power Energy resources can be renewable or nonrenewable.
World
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed
16.N 9-12 be able to select and use energy and power Power systems must have a source of energy, a process, and loads.
World
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed The manufacturing process includes the designing, development, making, and servicing
19.H 6-8 be able to select and use manufacturing
World of products and systems.
technologies.

Students will develop an understanding of and

The Designed Chemical technologies provide a means for humans to alter or modify materials and to
19.Q 9-12 be able to select and use manufacturing
World produce chemical products.
technologies.

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Code Chapter Grades Standard Specifics
Students will develop an understanding of and
The Designed Structures require maintenance, alteration, or renovation periodically to improve them or
20.M 9-12 be able to select and use construction
World to alter their intended use.
technologies.

Construct and interpret graphical displays of

data to describe the relationships of kinetic Construct and interpret graphical displays of data to describe the relationships of kinetic
MS-PS3-1 Energy 6-8
energy to the mass of an object and to the energy to the mass of an object and to the speed of an object.
speed of an object.

Develop a model to describe that when the

arrangement of objects interacting at a distance Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a
MS-PS3-2 Energy 6-8
changes, different amounts of potential energy distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system.
are stored in the system.

Construct, use, and present arguments to

support the claim that when the motion energy of Construct, use, and present arguments to support the claim that when the motion energy
MS-PS3-5 Energy 6-8
an object changes, energy is transferred to or of an object changes, energy is transferred to or from the object.
from the object.

Use mathematical representations to support the

Motion and
claim that the total momentum of a system of Use mathematical representations to support the claim that the total momentum of a
HS-PS2-2 Stability: Forces 9-12
objects is conserved when there is no net force system of objects is conserved when there is no net force on the system.
and Interactions
on the system.

Design, build, and refine a device that works

Design, build, and refine a device that works within given constraints to convert one form
HS-PS3-3 Energy 9-12 within given constraints to convert one form of
of energy into another form of energy
energy into another form of energy

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