A Seminar presentation on

Review of Reservoir Sedimentation

Studies in Maharashtra
By

Patil Vinod Vikram

LTC 124 Roll No. 33
Under The Guidance

Dr.Garudkar A.S.

Associate Professor Faculty of

Engineering WALMI Aurangabad
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
EFFECTS OF RESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION

IMPORTANCE OF RS ASSESSMENT

FACTORS AFFECTING ON RS

METHODS OF RS ASSESSMENT

SATELITE REMOTE SENSING

WORK CARRID BY MERI NASHIK

GENRAL OBSERVATIONS BY MERI NASHIK

RECOMMENDATIONS BY MERI NASHIK

INTRODUCTION
Reservoir Sedimentation - Process of Filling up
of Reservoir by sediments Transported by River
or Overland flow.
It is Opposite to the Erosion of soil.

About 5334 MT of soil eroded annually (16.35 Ton/

Ha).
In North India 2000-3000 Ton/km2/ Year.

In South & Central India- 500-1000 Ton/km2/Year.

Out of Which 30% Goes to Sea.

10% Goes to Reservoirs Basin.

Reduction in Storage Capacity by 1-2% Annually.

EFFECTS OF RESERVOIR
SEDIMENTATION
Gradual Reduction in Storage Capacity.
Adverse Effect on Long Term Planning.
Deposit Material Consists of High Nutrients.
High Nutrients Cause Large Vegetation
Growth in Submergence Area.
Degradation of Quality of Water, Aesthetic
Value of Reservoir Create Bad Impact on
Fishery Development .
IPOMEA CARNEA GROTH
IMPORTANCE OF RS ASSESSMENT
To know life span of reservoir.
To know loss in Reservoir Capacity.

For realistic & effective planning of

available water storage.
To know net volume excluding silt .

After Examination of erosion to

suggest treatment to catchment area.
For sustainable management of water
resources.
FACTORS AFFECTING ON RS
Hydrological factors- Rainfall, Runoff.
Other Factors

Topography.

Vegetation Cover.

Nature of soil.

Increasing deforestation.

Developmental Activities Mining ,

Land Leveling , Road embankments,
Faulty Agricultural Practices.
METHODS OF RS ASSESSMENT
Stream Flow Analysis- Sediment & Water
Inflow /Outflow Measurement.
Hydrographic Survey.
Empirical Methods- Area Reduction
Method.
Mathematical Models.
Satellite Remote Sensing Technique- Use
of Satellite Imageries.
SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING
Due to sedimentation water spread area is
reducing at various Elevations.
Water Spread Areas of various elevations
from FRL to MDDL in different months of year
are computed from SI.
Knowing Levels on passes of satellite new
elevation Capacity Curve can be Established.
After Comparison shift in capacity Curve will
Indicate loss of capacity .
In India NRSC Hyderabad Provide Required
Satellite Imageries.
SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING
CONT.
It uses IRS 1C,1D & P6 Satellite using LISS III
Sensor having Resolution of 23.5m.
i.e. 30 x 30 m grid in actual field Survey.

LISS III covers 141 x141 km geographical

area.
It requires Digital Image Processing Software
for generating Contours etc.
It Requires Field data Toposheets, Daily
Water Levels, Salient Features, Original
elevation Area- Capacity Table, Catchment
area Details .
Calculation of Volume by Prismoidal Formula.
ELEVATION-AREA-CAPACITY CURVE
1 PART OF ONE LISS III SATELLITE IMAGE
COVERING AS MANY AS 16 RESERVOIRS
WORK ON RS BY MERI NASHIK
Monitoring of
sedimentation by
SRST on regular
basis.
60 Major & medium

reservoirs surveyed
for assessing silt
content.
It includes large

water spread
reservoirs of 350 km2
& from 2 to 10km2.
 INFORMATION ABOUT THE STUDIES DONE FOR SOME
OF RESERVOIRS IN MAHARASHTRA
Name of the Catchment GS LS Loss in % Loss in % Annual
project area in km2 LS LS loss

Jayakwadi 21750 2909 2171 152 6.98 0.35

Gangapur 357.4 212.51 200.51 19 9.52 0.4

Darna 404 202 200.61 14 6.82 0.13

Majalgaon 3840 454 312 28 8.82 0.52

Lower 1787 160 114 23 20.16 1.55

Terna
Manjra 2373 251 173 23 13.16 0.65
U Wardha 4302 786 615 26 4.25 0.35

Ujjani 14856 3320 1517 159 10.55 0.44

Dhom 217.5 382 331 6 1.93 0.08
Veer 1756 279 266 22 8.28 0.23
U Waiterna 160.8 353.96 331.31 0.2154 0.084 0.002

Yeldari 7362 966.42 810.08 71.67 8.84 0.20

Sidheshwar 7700 250.85 80.96 NIL NIL NIL
GENRAL OBSERVAIONS IN WESTERN GHAT
REGION OF MAHARASHTRA BY MERI NASHIK

Wide variation in annual storage loss from 0.01 to

1.55%.
Less siltation rate compare to other parts of
Maharashtra.
Less soil cover & better biomass cover due to
existing forests.
Due to forest minimum developmental activities &
less soil cover disturbed.
Catchment is hilly & free from untreated industrial
effluent & domestic sewage.
Percentage of agri. Land is less so soil erosion is less.
Reservoir at foot of hill range of sahyadri range are
found free from unwanted aquatic vegetation
growth.
 OBSERVATIONS IN OTHER PARTS OF
MAHARASHTRA.
o In flat basins of Deccan plateau percentage of silt
deposition in LS is Higher.
o It is due to Flatter slope of rivers silt deposition starts
from upper reach.
o This results in higher capacity loss I operative zone.
o In south Maharashtra jawar is taken on large scale .
o Sowing period is September till lands are kept fallow.
o This causes high erosion of agricultural land.
o Rate of siltation in non ghat area is near 7.5
Ham/100km2/year.
o In marathwada & vidarbh region it is ranging from 2-
35Ham/100km2/year.
 RECOMMENDATION BY MERI
NASHIK ON RS
Identification of areas prone to erosion & Regular monitoring
of lakes for siltation & unwanted weed growth.
Control by long term catchment treatment Programmes.
It
includes engg techniques, agronomic treatment ,a
forestation& grass covering.
In
case of large reservoirs silt removal by mechanical or
dredging is not advisable.
Silt
removal is not economical & dumped silt on lands again
washed & deposit in downstream reservoirs.
Increasing existing height of dam is the most appropriate way
of restoration of capacity.
In Small lakes silt removal by mechanical means can be done.
Local farmer may allowed to carry the stuff to there fields.