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Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructured Silicon Carbide Crystal Whiskers by Sol - Gel Process and Carbothermal Reduction
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructured Silicon Carbide Crystal Whiskers by Sol - Gel Process and Carbothermal Reduction
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructured Silicon Carbide Crystal Whiskers by Sol - Gel Process and Carbothermal Reduction
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CERAMICS
INTERNATIONAL
Ceramics International 40 (2014) 1261312616
www.elsevier.com/locate/ceramint
Short communication
Abstract
Silicon carbide whisker is a promising reinforcement material for metal and ceramic matrix composites. In this paper, nanostructured -SiC
whiskers were synthesized from an organicinorganic hybrid precursor via a carbothermal reduction of silica by carbonized phenolic resin. The
organicinorganic hybrid precursor for the carbothermal reduction was synthesized by gelating the mixture of water soluble phenolic resin and
silica sol. The products after the carbothermal reduction were characterized by X-ray Diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,
scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the products synthesized at 15001700 1C are highly
ordered and pure -SiC crystal whiskers with diameters of 30150 nm. The microstructure of whiskers changes with the variation of the reaction
temperature. Interestingly, threaded rod shaped SiC whiskers were obtained at 1600 1C. The growth of SiC crystal whiskers at different
temperatures is controlled by different reaction kinetics. The solidsolid reaction is the dominat kinetics in the carbothermal reduction, with
solidgas reaction and gasgas reaction as the additional reaction kinetics.
& 2014 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved.
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Corresponding author. Tel.: 86 731 84576433. Water soluble phenolic resin was synthesized in a three-
E-mail address: nudt_libin@163.com (B. Li). necked ask using phenol and formaldehyde as the starting
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.04.099
0272-8842/& 2014 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved.
12614 B. Li et al. / Ceramics International 40 (2014) 1261312616
on the surface of the whiskers, which form the outer part of the
whiskers. These additional reactions to form SiC are as
follows:
SiO2(s) C(s)-SiO(g) CO(g) (2)
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In the present studies, we have studied a method to fabricate
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sol. The products obtained from the carbothermal reduction at silicon carbide coatings from liquid carbosilanes by chemical vapor
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[5] P.V. Prabhakaran, K.J. Sreejith, B. Swaminathan, S. Packirisamy,
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different surface morphologies of the whiskers. carbothermal reduction of resorcinolformaldehyde/SiO2 hybrid aerogels,
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Acknowledgment
ization of silicon carbide whiskers, Carbon 39 (2001) 19291941.
[10] X.K. Li, L. Liu, Y.X. Zhang, S.D. Shen, S. Ge, L.C. Ling, Synthesis of
The authors wish to thank the National Natural Science nanometre silicon carbide whiskers from binary carbonaceous silica
Foundation of China (50902150), National High-tech R&D aerogels, Carbon 39 (2001) 159165.
Program (2012AA7024034) and National Key Laboratory [11] T. Belmonte, L. Bonnetain, J.L. Ginoux, Gas ow nature inuence on
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