Name of Drug Mechanism of Dosage Indication Contraindicati Adverse Nursing Alert

Action on Reaction
Nifedipine Inhibits the Initial dose, Angina pectoris Contraindicated CNS: Dizziness, Monitor patient
movement of 10 mg tid PO. due to with allergy light- carefully
Drug classes calcium ions Maintenance coronary to headedness, (BP, cardiac
Calcium across the range, 10– artery nifedipine. headache, rhythm, and
channel-blocker membranes of 20 mg tid. spasm asthenia, output)
Antianginal cardiac and Higher doses (Prinzmetal's Use cautiously fatigue, while drug is
Antihypertensiv arterial muscle (20–30 mg tid– variant with nervousness being
e cells; inhibition qid) may be angina). lactation, , sleep adjusted to
of required, pregnancy. disturbances therapeutic
transmembrane depending on Chronic stable , blurred dose; the
calcium flow patient angina vision dosage may
results in the response. (effort- CV: Peripheral be increased
depression of Adjust over 7– associated edema, more rapidly
impulse 14 days. More angina). angina, in
formation in than hypotension, hospitalized
specialized 180 mg/day is Sustained- arrhythmias, patients
cardiac not release AV block, under close
pacemaker recommended. preparation asystole supervision.
cells, in slowing Sustained- only: Dermatologic: Do not
of the velocity release Treatment Flushing, exceed
of conduction of 30–60 mg PO of rash, 30 mg/dose
the cardiac once daily. hypertensio dermatitis, increases.
impulse, in the Adjust over 7– n pruritus, Ensure that
depression of 14 days. Usual urticaria patients do
myocardial maximum dose Orphan drug GI: Nausea, not chew or
contractility, is 90– use: diarrhea, divide
and in the 120 mg/day. Treatment constipation sustained-
dilation of of interstitial , cramps, release
coronary cystitis flatulence, tablets.
arteries and hepatic Taper dosage of
arterioles and injury beta-
peripheral Other: Nasal blockers
arterioles; these congestion, before
effects lead to cough, nifedipine
decreased fever, chills, therapy.
cardiac work, shortness of Protect drug
decreased breath, from light
cardiac energy muscle and
 consumption, cramps, joint moisture.
and increased stiffness,
delivery of sexual
oxygen to difficulties
myocardial
cells.

Name of Drug Mechanism of Dosage Indication Contraindication Adverse Nursing Alert

Action Reaction
Atropine Competitively ADULTS Antisialagogue Contraindicated CNS: Blurred Take as
Sulfate blocks the Systemic for with vision, prescribed,
effects of administration preanestheti hypersensiti mydriasis, 30 min
Drug classes acetylcholine at 0.4–0.6 mg PO, c medication vity to cycloplegia, before
Anticholinergi muscarinic IM, SC, IV. to prevent anticholiner photophobia meals; avoid
c cholinergic Hypotonic or reduce gic drugs. , increased excessive
Antimuscarini receptors that radiography: respiratory IOP, dosage.
c mediate the 1 mg IM. tract Systemic headache, Avoid hot
Parasympatho effects of Surgery: 0.5 mg secretions administration flushing, environment
lytic parasympatheti (0.4–0.6 mg) Treatment of nervousness s; you will be
Antiparkinsoni c postganglionic IM (or SC, parkinsonis Contraindicated , weakness, heat
an impulses, IV) prior to m; relieves with dizziness, intolerant,
Antidote depressing induction of tremor and glaucoma; insomnia, and
Diagnostic salivary and anesthesia; rigidity adhesions mental dangerous
agent bronchial during Restoration of between iris confusion or reactions
(ophthalmic secretions, surgery, cardiac rate and lens; excitement may occur.
preparations) dilating the give IV; and arterial stenosing (after even These side
Belladonna bronchi, reduce dose pressure peptic ulcer; small doses effects may
alkaloid inhibiting vagal to < 0.4 mg during pyloroduode in the occur:
influences on with anesthesia nal elderly), Dizziness,
the heart, cyclopropan when vagal obstruction; nasal confusion
relaxing the GI e stimulation paralytic congestion (use caution
and GU tracts, anesthesia. produced by ileus; CV: driving or
inhibiting intra- intestinal Palpitations, performing
gastric acid abdominal atony; bradycardia hazardous
secretion (high traction severe (low doses), tasks);
doses), relaxing causes a ulcerative tachycardia constipation
the pupil of the decrease in colitis; toxic (higher (ensure
eye (mydriatic pulse rate, megacolon; doses) adequate
effect), and lessening symptomati GI: Dry mouth, fluid intake,
preventing the degree c prostatic altered taste proper diet);
accommodation of AV block hypertrophy; perception, dry mouth
for near vision when bladder neck nausea, (suck
(cycloplegic increased obstruction; vomiting, sugarless
effect); also vagal tone is bronchial dysphagia, lozenges;
blocks the a factor (eg, asthma; heartburn, perform
effects of some cases COPD; constipation, frequent
acetylcholine in due to cardiac bloated mouth care;
the CNS. digitalis) arrhythmias; feeling, may be
tachycardia; paralytic transient);
myocardial ileus, blurred
ischemia; gastroesoph vision,
impaired ageal reflux sensitivity to
metabolic, GU: Urinary light
liver, or hesitancy (reversible;
kidney and avoid tasks
function; retention; that require
myasthenia impotence acute vision;
gravis. Other: wear
Use cautiously Decreased sunglasses
with Down sweating in bright
syndrome, and light);
brain predispositio impotence
damage, n to heat (reversible);
spasticity, prostration, difficulty in
hypertensio suppression urination
n, of lactation (empty the
hyperthyroid Ophthalmic bladder prior
ism, preparations to taking
lactation. Local: drug).
Transient Report rash;
Ophthalmic stinging flushing; eye
solution Systemic: pain;
Systemic difficulty
Contraindicated adverse breathing;
with effects, tremors, loss
glaucoma or depending of
tendency to on amount coordination
glaucoma. absorbed ; irregular
heartbeat,
palpitations;
headache;
abdominal
distention;
hallucination
s; severe or
persistent
dry mouth;
difficulty
swallowing;
difficulty in
urination;
constipation;
sensitivity to
light.
Name of Drug Mechanism of Dosage Indication Contraindicati Adverse Nursing Alert
Action on Reaction
Clonidine Stimulates alpha- 0.2 mg, 0.1
adrenergic mg
Classification receptors in the
CNS; which
Antihypertensi results in
ve decreased
sympathetic
outflow inhibiting
cardioacceleration
and
vasoconstriction
centers