Bi tp 1:

Mt d n c nhu cu tiu th 150 ngn tn nguyn liu X mi nm. Nguyn liu X (phi
ngoi thng) c sn xut v tiu dng trong mt th trng cnh tranh khng c
thu v tr cp. ng cung th trng ca nguyn liu X c hm s l: P = (1/5)QS +
10. ng cu cu th trng ca nguyn liu X khi cha c d n l: P = (-1/10)QD +
100. n v tnh ca QS, QD l ngn tn, n v tnh ca P l ngn ng/tn.

1) Anh/ch hy xc nh mc gi v lng cn bng ca nguyn liu X trc khi

c d n v sau khi c d n.
2) Lng cung ca nhng nh sn xut v lng cu ca nhng ngi tiu
dng ngoi d n l bao nhiu?
3) Trn mt th c ghi ch r rng, anh ch hy v cc ng cung, cu th
hin cc mc gi cn bng th trng, gi cu, gi cung, lng cu, lng
cung, trc v sau khi c d n.
4) Anh/ch hy xc nh :
a. Tng chi ph ti chnh ca d n mua nguyn liu X.
b. Tng chi ph kinh t ca d n mua nguyn liu X
c. Chi ph kinh t ca mi tn nguyn liu X
d. H s chuyn i t gi ti chnh sang gi kinh t ca nguyn liu X
e. Tng ch ph ngun lc x hi tiu tn thm khi c d n.
f. Tng li ch gp ca nhng ngi tiu dng c b gim i khi c d
n.
g. Thay i trong phc li rng x hi khi c d n.

Bi tp 2:

a) Mt d n mi cn 1000 m3 xy dng (hng khng ngoi thng c).

Thu doanh thu cho mt hng xy dng l 30%. Hy gii thch tc ng ca
d n mi ny ln th trng xy dng vi mt biu ch thch r rng.
Da vo th hy xc nh:
Cc chi ph ti chnh ca d n
Cc chi ph kinh t ca d n
Cc tc ng phn phi ca d n

b) D kin rng 60% nhu cu ca d n s c tha mn bng gia tng lng

cung. Hy gii thch Anh/Ch s tnh gi kinh t cho 1 m3 xy dng cung cp
cho d n nh th no. Cho bit trc khi c d n, gi 1 m3 trn th trng
l 100.000 VN ng, sau khi c d n gi 1 m3 tng ln 5%.

1
 Li gii ngh

Bi tp 1:
y l trng hp d n tiu th sn phm, khng c thu v tr cp, ta ly biu s
2.

P
D+Qp
Qp S
A E1
p f = p1D = p1S = p1M
p D0 = p S0 = p M0
E0 p f = p1M = p1D
pe = p M < p f
D
D S
FC= Q1 AE1Q1
Q
D
EC= Q1 AE0E1Q1
S
Q1D Q0 Q1S
D S
Q Q
QP

th ng cung S: p=(1/5)Q + 10 hay Q = 5p 50 (1)

th ng cu D: p=(1/10)Q + 100 hay Q = 10p + 1000 (2)
th ng cu khi c d n D+Qp : Q = 10p + 1000 + 150 (3)

1) Gii h (1) v (2) ta c im E1: Q0 = 300 ngn tn, p0M = 70 ngn ng/ tn.
Gii h (1) v (3) ta c im E1: Q1S = 350 ngn tn, p1M = 80 ngn ng/ tn

2) Lng cung ca nh sn xut l Q1S = 350 ngn tn, lng cu ca nhng ngi
tiu dng (ngoi / khng k d n) l Q1D = 200 ngn tn

3) Biu nh hnh trn, trong :

Trc khi c d n: p0D = p0S = p0M = 70 ngn ng/ tn, Q0 = 300 ngn tn
Sau khi c d n: p1D = p1S = p1M = 80 ngn ng/ tn, Q1S = 350 ngn tn, Q1D =
200 ngn tn. QD = 100 ngn tn; QS = 50 ngn tn.

4) Xc nh cc gi tr:
a) Tng chi ph ti chnh FC = Q1DAE1Q1S = Qppf = 15080 = 12.000 triu ng
b) Tng chi ph kinh t EC = Q1DAE0E1Q1S = Qppe = 150(70 + 80)/2+ = 11.250
triu ng
c) Gi kinh t ca mi tn nguyn liu X = (70 + 80)/2 = 75 ngn ng/ tn
d) H s chuyn i CF = pe / pf = 75/80 = 0.9375
e) Khi c d n, cc nh sn xut s tng lng sn xut t Q0 = 300 ln Q1S =
350 ngn tn mi nm, tng ch ph ngun lc x hi tiu tn thm cho d n l
din tch Q0E0E1Q1S = Qs (p0M + p1M) = * 50 * (70+80) = 3.750 triu ng.
f) Khi c d n, ngi tiu dng trc y s gim lng tiu th t Q0 = 300
xung cn Q1D = 200 ngn tn mi nm, tng li ch gp ca nhng ngi tiu
dng c b gim l din tch Q1DAE0Q0 = QD (p0M + p1M) = * 100 * (70+80)
= 7.500 triu ng
g) Thay i thng d ngi tiu dng CS = p0p1AE0 = 1/2*(p1p0)* (Q1D+Q0) =
1/2*(80-70)*(300+200) = 2.500 triu ng

2
 Thay i thng d nh sn xut PS = p0p1E1E0 = 1/2*(p1p0)*(Q1S+Q0) =
1/2*(80-70)*(300+350) = 3.250 triu ng

Thay i trong phc li rng x hi khi c d n chnh l din tch AE0E1 = CS

+ PS = 750 triu ng (tiu tn rng cho cc nh sn xut)

(nhn xt: FC AE0E1 = 12.000 750 = 11.250 chnh l chi ph kinh t)

Bi tp 2:
y l trng hp d n tiu th sn phm, c bin dng thu. Ta ly biu s 4

Cu a) V biu v ch thch:
P
A C
p f = p1D = p1M (1 + t) S
B
p = p (1 + t)
D
0
M
0

p1S = p1M
E1 D
pS0 = pM0
E0
D+Qp
Dnet
D S Q
Q
1 Q0 Q 1
D S
FC= Q ACQ
1 1 p = p = p (1 + t)
f D
1
M
1
D
EC= Q ABE0E1Q
1
S
1 pe = p M + W D . p M .t < p f

Tm tt s liu bi:
Qp = 1000 m3 xy dng
t = 30%
QS / Qp = 60% QD / Qp = 40%
poM = 100 ngn ng/m3
p1M = 100*(1+5%) = 105 ngn ng/m3

Cc chi ph ti chnh FC ca d n l din tch Q1 ACQ1 = pf.Qp = p1M(1+t)Qp

D S

Cc chi ph kinh t EC ca d n l din tch Q1 ABE0E1Q1 = pe.Qp =

D S

(p1M+p0M)/2*(1+WD.t).Qp

Tc ng phn phi ca d n:
Ngi tiu dng mt = CS = CS1 CS0 = p1D p0D BA
Nh sn xut c = PS = PS1 PS0 = p1Sp0SE0E1
Chnh ph c = Thu khi c d n Thu khi khng c d n
p1Sp1DCE1 p0Sp0D BE0

Cu b)

Gi kinh t cho 1m3 = pe = p M + W D . p M.t = (p1M+p0M)/2*(1+WD.t)

= (100+105)/2*(1+40%.30%) = 114,8 ngn ng