CHNGII

NGHAHCCAPHNNGNGIN
I.PHNNGN

II.CCQUILUTNGHCCAPHNNGNGIN

1.Phnngbc1

2.Phnngbchai

3.Phnngbcba

4.Phnngbcn

5.Phnngbckhng

III.PHNGPHPTHCNGHIMOTCPHNNGXCNHBCV
HNGSTCPHNNG

1.Phngphpotcphnng

2.Xcnhbcphnng

CHNGII

NGHAHCCAPHNNGNGIN
I.PHNNGNGIN

Phnngnginlphnngmtchiumbinhacanchcmtgiaionduynht,
itrctiptchtunchtcui.

Vnguyntcccphnnghahcdinratheohaichiungcnhau,gilphnngthun
nghch.iukinxcnhmtchiunocaphnngtrihnhnchiukia,thphn
ngccoilphnngmtchiu.

Khiphnngdinra,nuctnhtmttrongccchtphnng(chtu)phnngnht,
phnngnhthgilphnnghonton.

II.CCQUILUTNGHCCAPHNNGNGIN

Taskhostmtsphnngbc1,2,3.

1Phnngbc1 TOP
Hnh2.1:Sthayinngchtphnngtheothigiantrongphnngngin

TrongqutrnhphnngnngchtphnngAgim,lngbinhacanchnhl
lngsnphmtothnhtng.

c.Thnguyncahngstc

Tphngtrnhnghccaphnng:
 Hnh2.2:Chukbnhyphnngbc1

e.pdngccquilutnghccaphnngbc1choqutrnhphngx:
2Phnngbchai TOP

2.1Trnghp1(a=b)
Nutnhtut=0ththigiancnl:

3t1/2+4t1/2=7t1/2.

Hnh2.3:Chukbnhycaphnngbchai

Hnhvchotathythigiantngqutdinraphnngbc2luhnphnngbc1,cng
tngtnhth,phnngbc3liluhnphnngbc2.Bivcngvsauthphnng
bc2cngchmhnphnngbc1.

Ktlun:phnngbccngcaothdinracngchm.

=
ylphngtrnhnghc,caphnngbc1.Nhvy,iviphnngbc2,khis
dngnngcachtnyrtlnhnchtkia(b>>a)thphnngsgimtbc2xung
bc1,vbccaphnnglbcivichtcnngbhn(ychtA).Trnghp
nygptrongphnngthyphn.

c.Thigianbnhy

iviphnngbc2cahaichtAvBcnngbanukhcnhau,ngitakhng
xcnhcthigianbnhychophnngmchxcnhchotngchtringr,vd:
xcnhthigianbnhyivichtA.

3Phnngbcba TOP


3.1TrnghpI

3.2TrnghpII

3.3TrnghpIII
TphngtrnhnytathyiviphnngbcbacabachtA,B,Ccnngbanu
khcnhau,khisdngnngcamtchtnyrtlnhncamtchtkia,thlmgim
bccaphnngtbcbaxungbchai.

Tmli,tacthsdngphngphpdngnngcamtchtnylnhnnngca
chtkialmgimbccaphnng.Trnghpnygptrongthctiviphnng
thyphn,gimtphnngbchaixungbcmt.

c.Thnguyncak

4Phnngbcn TOP
5Phnngbckhng TOP

a.Vdvphnngbckhng:

Hnh2.4:Mtphnngbckhng

HphnnggmlpEstebohanmtrndungdchestetrongnc.
T,tacthktlun:Phnngbc0lphnngmtcvkhngthayitheothi
gian,cnnngchtphnngthayitheoquyluttuyntnhvithigiant.

Hnh2.5:Sphthuc(a)tcphnngvot

(b)Nngchtphnngvot.
Bng2.1:nghccaphnngngin

III.PHNGPHPTHCNGHIMOTCPHNNG,XCNHBCV
HNGSTCPHNNG

1Phngphpotcphnng TOP

tmphngtrnhtc,ngitasdngphngphpquicxcnhsbinthin
nngcamtchthocmtschtthamgiaphnngtheothigian.Trncscth
xcnhctcphnng.

Vnkhosttcphnngcbnlvnphntch,vnnycnginkhi
bitchstlngtrongphngtrnhphnng,phnngdinramtcchnhlng
(phnnghonton),khngtoranhiusnphmtrunggian,khngcphnngph.C
ththeodinngcamtchtthamgiahocsnphml.Binthinnngca
nhngchtcnli,cthsuyrac.Biv,ccchttrongphnngtuntheophngtrnh
tlng.Vimcchxcnhnngchtphnngcthsdngphngphpphn
tchhahchocvtl.

Trongtrnghpcthghicngcongcasphthuccanngvothigian,
ngitaxcnhtcbngtiptuynvingcongtithiimbtkbiv:
2Xcnhbcphnng TOP

tmcphngtrnhtctrncsktquthcnghimcngiiquythaivn:

Xcnhbccaphnng.

Xcnhhngstcphnng

Vnguyntc,cthxcnhngthibcvhngstcphnng.Nhngdiy,
chngtaxcnhchngringr.

2.1Phngphpth

Nguyntc:Xcnhbinthinnngcachtnothiimkhcnhau,rilygi
trthcnghimthucthvoccdngphngtrnhcaphnngbc0,1,2,3...xem
phngtrnhnocgitrhngstckhngthayi,thbcphnngviphngtrnh
.Trnghpkhngtmthymtphngtrnhchogitrkkhngi,thphnngnghin
culphnngphctp,tmcchthchhpxcnh.

Bng2.2:Sliunghccaphnng(4)

t(s) x x [A]o[X] k1.104s1 k2.103 k3.102

(%) (mol/l) (mol/l) mol1.l.s1 mol2.l2.s1
600 27,9 0,086 0,218 2,37 2,17 1,95
1200 44,8 0,138 0,166 2,19 2,22 2,25
1800 64,2 0,167 0,138 1,90 2,20 2,97
2400 61,5 0,189 0,115 1,76 2,25 3,19
3600 70,5 0,216 0,088 1,49 2,25 3,36
7200 81,3 0,250 0,054 1,04 2,11 4,60
10800 87,1 0,267 0,037 0,85 2,19 6,70
14400 89,4 0,274 0,029 0,71 2,17 8,80

2,20

Nhnvobngsliutathy,ngvitrnghpphngtrnhphnngbc2,chotrsk
khngi(ct6trongbng),dobccaphnngkhosttrnlbc2.

2.2Phngphpth

Nguyntccaphngphpnylxydngthsphthuccanngvothigian
C=f(t).Tmxemdngnocahmschongbiudinlngthng,thbccaphn
ngphitmngvidnghms.
Hnh2.6:Sphthuccanngvothigiancaccphnngbckhcnhau.


PhngphpnymangtnphngphpVan'tHoff.pdngphngphpVan'tHoffvo
vicnghincuchtAnothucccsliuthcnghimsau:


2.3Phngphptcu

2.4Phngphpchukbnhy