Natl BIM Guide For Owners

National Institute of
BUILDING SCIENCES
National BIM Guide for Owners
An Authoritative Source of Innovative Solutions for the Built Environment January 2017

Disclaimer:

WhenusingthisGuidetodevelopcontractsbetweenstakeholdersregardingtheuseofBIMtoplan,
design,construct,andoperatebuildings,theinformationhereinshouldnotbeconsidereda
substituteforlegal,business,insuranceorfinancialadvice.Eachstakeholderorpartytoacontract
isstronglyencouragedtoseektheadviceofattorneys,andbusiness,insurance,andfinancial
counselorsandadvisers,aseachstakeholderdeemsappropriate,whendrafting,reviewing,and
negotiatingallcontractsandclausesincluding,butnotlimitedto,alltermsandconditions,contract
andprojectmanagementrequirements,intellectualpropertyrights,andtheelectronicstorageand
transferofdocumentsanddata.

NationalBIMGuideforOwners 090916 0
NATIONALBIMGUIDEFOROWNERS
FOREWORD.........................................................................................................................................v
EXECUTIVESUMMARY.......................................................................................................................vi
1.INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................................1
1.1PURPOSE...........................................................................................................................................1
1.2SCOPE................................................................................................................................................1
1.3USE....................................................................................................................................................1
2.PROCESS..........................................................................................................................................3
2.1DEFINEBIMREQUIREMENTS............................................................................................................4
2.1.1BIMUsesandRequirements......................................................................................................4
2.1.2ProjectDeliveryMethod............................................................................................................4
2.1.3IntellectualProperty..................................................................................................................5
2.1.4FinalTurnoverRequirements....................................................................................................6
2.2TEAMROLESANDRESPONSIBILITIES................................................................................................6
2.2.1OwnersBIMRepresentative(s).................................................................................................6
2.2.2ProjectBIMManagerRole.........................................................................................................7
2.2.3Discipline/TradeBIMLeads.......................................................................................................7
2.2.4Collaboration..............................................................................................................................7
2.3BIMPROJECTEXECUTIONPLANNING...............................................................................................8
2.3.1FileSharingRequirements.........................................................................................................8
2.3.2DataSecurity..............................................................................................................................9
2.4MANAGINGPROJECTREQUIREMENTSANDDELIVERABLES............................................................9
2.4.1QualityPlanning.........................................................................................................................9
2.4.2QualityAssurance....................................................................................................................10
2.4.3QualityControl.........................................................................................................................10
3.INFRASTRUCTUREANDSTANDARDS.............................................................................................12
3.1TECHNOLOGYINFRASTRUCTURE....................................................................................................12
3.2STANDARDS.....................................................................................................................................12
3.2.1CategoriesofStandards...........................................................................................................12
3.2.2StandardsinthisGuide............................................................................................................13
3.2.3OpenStandardsFormatforSupportingInformation..............................................................14
NationalBIMGuideforOwners 010317 i

3.3SPACEANDGRAPHICALSTANDARDS..............................................................................................15
3.3.1OwnerSpecifiedGuidelinesandStandards............................................................................15
3.3.2Drawing....................................................................................................................................15
3.3.3SheetLayout............................................................................................................................15
3.3.4Areas/Rooms/Spaces...............................................................................................................15
3.3.5DigitalDocumentationandArchiving......................................................................................15
3.4FILESTRUCTURE.............................................................................................................................16
3.4.1OwnerSpecifiedRequirements...............................................................................................16
3.4.2FolderNaming..........................................................................................................................16
3.4.3FileNaming..............................................................................................................................16
3.4.4ComponentNamingConventions............................................................................................17
3.4.5SubmittalPackage....................................................................................................................17
3.4.6FileSharing...............................................................................................................................17
3.4.7DataTransmittalRequirements...............................................................................................17
3.5MODELSTRUCTURES......................................................................................................................17
3.6MODELREQUIREMENTS.................................................................................................................18
3.6.1ModelingResponsibility...........................................................................................................18
3.6.2ModelingProcess.....................................................................................................................19
4.EXECUTION....................................................................................................................................23
4.1BIMProjectExecutionPlan(PxP)....................................................................................................23
4.1.1DevelopmentoftheBIMPxP...................................................................................................23
4.2BIMUses.........................................................................................................................................24
4.2.1BIMUseDefinition...................................................................................................................24
4.2.2EssentialBIMUses...................................................................................................................25
4.2.3EnhancedBIMUses.................................................................................................................25
4.2.4OwnerRelatedBIMUses.........................................................................................................27
4.3ModelDeliverables.........................................................................................................................27
5.GLOSSARY.....................................................................................................................................30
6.REFERENCEDOCUMENTS..............................................................................................................33
7.CITATIONS.....................................................................................................................................36
NationalBIMGuideforOwners 010317 ii

Acknowledgements
TheNationalInstituteofBuildingScienceswouldliketoextendsincerethankstothefollowingagenciesand
individualsfortheirsupport,input,andgeneroussharingofBIMknowledgeandexistinginformation:
StateofWisconsin
BillNapier,ProjectManager,WisconsinDepartmentofAdministration
JerryWalters,ExecutiveDirectorofCESA11
WendyvonBelow,WisconsinDepartmentofAdministration
AdenSayers,ArchitecturalProgramandPolicyAnalyst
KevinConnolly,AIA,ConnollyArchitects

U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers
JasonFairchild,CAD/BIMCommunityofPracticeLeader
SteveHutsell,Chief,GeospatialSection,SeattleDistrict
BrandonTobias,AIA,Architect
VanWoods,BIMProgramManager

U.S.DepartmentofDefenseDefenseHealthAgency
JohnBecker,Director,FacilitiesDivision
RussellManning,PhD,Chief,Operations&LifeCycleIntegration
U.S.DepartmentofVeteransAffairs
ReneeTietjen,AIA,LEEDAP,SeniorArchitect,VABIMProgramManager,Construction&Facilities
Management
U.S.GeneralServicesAdministration
IlanaHellmann,PE,BIMProgramExpert,ProgramManagementBranch
CharlesMatta,FAIA,Director,CenterforBuildingInformationPrograms,PublicBuildingsService
HoratioMcDowney,ITApplicationsProjectSpecialist,CenterforBuildingInformationSystems
CorrespondingMembers
PaulAudsley,Assoc.AIA,Principal/DirectorofDigitalPractice,NBBJ
BrianHalma,BusinessStrategyManager,Americas,RICS
AysePolat,AIA,NYMainVDCFieldOperationsBIMManager,TurnerConstruction
AlanMuseBSc(Hons)MSc,FRICS,GlobalDirectorofBuiltEnvironmentProfessionalGroups,RICS
DennisR.Shelden,AIA,PhD,AssociateProfessor,SchoolofArchitecture,andDirector,DigitalBuilding
Laboratory,GeorgiaInstituteofTechnology
WealsowouldliketothanktheAmericanInstituteofArchitects(AIA);AmericanSocietyofHeating,
RefrigeratingandAirConditioningEngineers(ASHRAE);andBuildingOwnersandManagersAssociation
International(BOMA)fortheirsupportincompletingthisproject,aswellastheU.S.DepartmentofDefense
DefenseHealthAgencyforfinancialsupport.
NationalBIMGuideforOwners 010317 iii
NationalBIMGuideforOwnersProjectTeam
DanChancey,RPA,Chair
SeniorVicePresident,AssetManagement,Cushman&Wakefield,CommercialAdvisors

ErnieConrad,PE,BOMAFellow
RepresentingBOMAInternational

CarrieSturtsDossick,PhD,PE
AssociateProfessorandExecutiveDirector,CenterforEducationandResearchinConstruction,
UniversityofWashington

CraigR.Dubler,PhD,DBIA
Manager,FacilityAssetManagement,PennStateUniversity

JohnnyFortune,CDT,LEEDAP
BIM/ITDirector,BullockTiceAssociates

M.DennisKnight,PE,FASHRAE
Founder&CEO,WholeBuildingSystems,LLC
RepresentingASHRAE

JohnI.Messner,PhD
CharlesandElinorMattsProfessorofArchitecturalEngineering,Director,ComputerIntegrated
ConstructionResearchProgram,PennStateUniversity
NationalInstituteofBuildingSciences
HenryL.Green,Hon.AIA
President

DominiqueFernandez

EarleKennett
Consultant/TeamLeader

StephanieStubbs,Assoc.AIA,PMP
ProjectManager
NationalBIMGuideforOwners 010317 iv
FOREWORD
RecentSmartMarketReportsbyMcGrawHillConstruction(nowDodgeData&Analytics)indicatethe
businessvalueofBuildingInformationModeling(BIM)isincreasing.TheBusinessValueofBIMin
NorthAmerica:MultiYearTrendAnalysisandUserRatings(20072012)showedBIMadoption
increasingfrom17%in2007to71%in2012,with62%ofrespondentsamongtheindustryperceivinga
positivereturnontheirinvestmentinBIM.TheBusinessValueofBIMforOwners(2014)identified
68%ofU.S.OwnerssurveyedaseitherrequiringorencouragingBIMfortheirprojects.
TheNationalInstituteofBuildingSciencesisproudtointroducetheNationalBuildingInformation
ModelingGuideforOwners(NBGO),intendedtooutlineforthebuildingOwnerhowtodevelopand
implementrequirementsforBIMapplicationininternalpoliciesandproceduresaswellasincontracts
toplan,design,construct,andoperatebuildings.
AsBIMadoptionintheU.S.continuestorise,theOwnerstandstobenefitmost,byimplementingBIM
asatooltomaximizeabuildingsvaluethroughoutitslifecycle.BIMpotentiallyfacilitatesbetter
informedOwnerdecisionmaking,designintentcommunication,projectcoordinationacrossvarious
phases,enhancedprojectdeliveryscheduleandbudgetmanagement,postconstructionassetand
facilitymanagement,buildingautomationandcontrol,andmanyotherbenefits,includingincreased
propertyresalevaluesofthebuilding,aswellasleasingrevenues.
WeauthoredtheNBGOtoassistOwnersinworkingwiththeothermembersofthebuildingteamto
maximizethepotentialofBIMontheirprojects.Wewouldwelcomeyourcommentsandfeedbackas
youputtheNBGOtoworkforyou.
Sincerely,
HenryL.Green,Hon.AIA
President
NationalInstituteofBuildingSciences
January1,2017

NationalBIMGuideforOwners 010317 v
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
TheintendedaudienceforthisGuideisthebuildingOwner.TheGuidedefinesanapproachtocreating
andfulfillingBuildingInformationModeling(BIM)requirementsforatypicalprojectfromtheOwners
standpoint.
MerelyrequiringBIMonaprojectdoesnotequatetosuccessiftheOwnersgoalsfortheprojectare
notclearlysetandBIMrequirementsdonotcorrelatetoachievingthosegoals.BIMmustbewell
plannedandproperlyexecuted;notjustBIM,butBIMDONERIGHT,1aligningtherightamountand
typesofresourcestoachievetherightresults.
ThisGuidebuildsonthepremisethatBIM,inandofitself,isnottheendbutratherthemeanstoa
numberofpotentiallyvaluableprojectdeliveryoutcomesfortheOwner.Itoffersatoolsetaddressing
threebroadareastheOwnershouldunderstandinordertodirecttheProjectTeamtoBIMDONE
RIGHT:process,infrastructureandstandards,andexecution.
TheProcessforusingBIMeffectivelyonaprojectbeginswithdefiningBIMrequirementsinthe
Owner'scontractswithserviceproviders(toplan,design,construct,andoperatethebuilding)andwith
otherstakeholdersbasedontheprojectdeliverymethod(designbidbuild,designbuild,IPD,etc.).
Earlyon,asuccessfulBIMprocessincludesidentifyingtherolesandresponsibilitiesofkeyproject
stakeholderswithrespecttoinformationmodelingaswellascreatingaBIMProjectExecutionPlan
(PxP),anoutcomedrivenBIMroadmapthatdetailshowtheprojectwillbecompleted.Processalso
includesmanagingtheprojectforcompliancewiththePxPandcontractrequirements,includingthe
projectdeliverables.
Infrastructureandstandardsacknowledgesthehighdegreeofhumancollaborationandsoftware
interoperabilityneededforsuccessfulprojectinformationmodeling,particularlyastheprojectmoves
fromphasetophase.Toachievethenecessarylevelofinteractivity,theOwnermustrequireall
membersoftheProjectBIMTeamtoadheretoaframeworkofstandardsandstructuresfromthe
projectsonset.
ExecutionencompassescreatingaProjectExecutionPlan(PxP),amasterplanforhowinformation
modelingwillbedoneandmanaged,attheinceptionofaproject.ThePxPdocumentstheOwnersand
theProjectBIMTeamsmutualagreementonhow,bywhom,when,why,towhatlevel,andforwhat
projectoutcomes(calledBIMUses)informationmodelingwillbeused.
WhiletheGuidehighlightstheessentialrequirementsforBIM,italsooffersoptionsforOwnerswho
wishtogobeyondminimumrequirements.Andfinally,whiletheguideusesthetermbuilding
generically,inkeepingwiththeterminologyofBuildingInformationModeling,itisintendedtoapply
toinformationmodelingforthebuiltenvironment;i.e.,siteelementsandfacilitiesaswellasbuildings.

NationalBIMGuideforOwners 010317 vi
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1PURPOSE
ThepurposeoftheNationalBuildingInformationModelingGuideforOwners(NBGO)istooutlinefor
thebuildingOwnerhowtodevelopandimplementrequirementsfortheapplicationofBuilding
InformationModeling(BIM)forinternalpoliciesandprocedures,andexplainhowtoincludethese
requirementsincontractstoplan,design,constructandoperatebuildings.ThisGuideusestheterm
buildinggenerically,inkeepingwiththeterminologyofBuildingInformationModeling.Itis
intendedtoapplytoinformationmodelingforthebuiltenvironment:siteelementsandfacilitiesas
wellasbuildings.
1.2SCOPE
ThisGuideestablishesrecommendationsforprocesses,standards,anddeliverablesforaBIMenabled
projectthatcanbecontinuallysharedandagreeduponbytheOwnerandtherestoftheProjectBIM
Team,whichcanincludeplanners,constructors,facilitiesmanagers,andsubcontractors,aswellas
designers.
1.3USE
TherecommendationsinthisGuideshouldbeusedbytheOwnertocreatespecificproject
requirementsforBIMbasedontheprojectsuniqueandindividualneedsthatcanthenbefollowed
andimplementedbytheProjectBIMTeamtoenhancefacilityvalue.
ManyaspectsofthebuildingindustryarediscoveringincreasedvalueinBIM.Owners,architects,engineers,
contractors,subcontractors,andfacilitymanagersallhavecollectiveandindividualinterestsfortheprojectand
theirbusinesscontinuity,respectively.BIMhasthecapacitytobeusedwithineachphaseofaprojectfrom
conceptual,throughfinaldesign,construction,andontooperationswithavarietyofapplicationsranging
fromClashDetection,QuantityTakeoff,Scheduling,FMoperations,andmanyothers.Whileeachapplicationor
useofBIMoffersvalueinitselfandanyprojectparticipantengaginginthesevarioususescouldstatetheyare
doingBIM;theeffortswontlikelyyieldoptimalresultswithoutproperplanning,coordination,andexecution.
ItistheprojectteamsactivitiesinconcertwiththeOwnersrequirementsthatprovidethegreatestpotential
lifecyclevalue.ThisisBIMDoneRight*andhelpingOwnersachievethisfortheirprojectsisthegoalofthis
Guide.
JohnnyFortune
BIM/ITDirector,BullockTiceAssociates

*Tice,John,BullockTiceAssociatesBIMDONERIGHT,aBIMenabled,clientfocuseddeliveryapproachandstrategy(2015).
http://www.bulltice.com/

2. PROCESS
Attheprojectsinception,theOwnerestablishestheintentandgeneralrequirementsforthebuilding.
Collectively,theseareknownastheOwnersProjectRequirements(OPR),andaredefinedbythe
NationalBIMStandardUnitedStates(NBIMSUS)Version32(V3)astheOwner'swritten
documentationofthefunctionalrequirementsofthe"facility"andtheexpectationsofhowitwillbe
usedandoperated.Theyincludeprojectanddesigngoals,budgets,limitations,schedules.These
requirementsaretransferredintothebuildingsbasisofdesign,(BOD),usedbythebuildingsdesign
teamtodefinetheapproachandparametersfordesigningthebuildingtomeettheOwners
requirements.Thedatadevelopedduringdesignisthentransferredbythedesignteaminto
constructiondocuments,whichbecometherecordofallthebuildingsphysicalelements.Aseach
buildingelementsconstructioniscompleted,itiseitheracceptedthroughtraditionaldesignteam
constructioncontractadministrationpracticesand/orcommissionedbyanindependent
CommissioningAuthoritythatthefinalconstructionmeetstheOPRandthatthefunctional
performanceoftheelementhasbeenverified.
Astheprojectmovesfromphasetophase,theinformationcontainedwithintheBIMgrowsinboth
quantityandspecificity.ThenatureofBIMtechnologyandtheinteroperability(abilitytobe
exchangedandused)ofthedatacontainedwithintheBIMallowdifferentOwnerstousetheBIMin
multipleways,dependingontheirspecificneeds.Inadditiontodesignandconstruction,BIM
applicationscanincludeassetmanagement,buildingautomationandcontrol,interdisciplinary
coordination,scheduling,costestimating,andintegratedconstructionspecifications.
Modelsgeneratedduringplanning,design,construction,andoperationscontinuetoserveas
informationresourcesusedtokeepthebuildingoperatingatoptimalefficiency.Whenwellplanned
andexecuted,theuseofBIMmayreducethebuildinglifecyclecost.UsingBIMinconcertwith
planningandteambuilding,withitssharedandcontinuallyupdatedinformation,alsohelpstheteam
minimizeconflicts,cutsdownonrepetitionandduplicationoftasks,andhelpstooptimizeplanning,
design,construction,andoperations.
TheprocessforenablingBIMtobeusedeffectivelyonaprojectshouldfollowthesesteps:
1. DefineminimumBIMrequirementsintheOwner'scontractswithserviceproviders(planning,
design,construction,operations,etc.)andotherstakeholdersbasedontheprojectdelivery
method(designbidbuild,designbuild,IPD,etc.).
2. Identifytherolesandresponsibilitiesofkeyprojectstakeholderswithrespecttoinformation
modeling.
3. CollaborativelycreateaBIMProjectExecutionPlan(PxP)withkeyprojectstakeholders.
4. ManagetheprojectforcompliancewiththePxPandcontractrequirements,includingModel
andDataDeliverables,throughperiodicreviews.
Wherethemodel(s)istobeusedfordesign/documentationandthenforconstruction,theBIMPxP
shouldaddressmodelexchangeprocedures,i.e.,howthemodel(s)canmigratebetweenproject
phaseseffectivelywithminimumeffort.First,theProjectBIMTeammembersneedtocoordinatethe
BIMUsestheyseektoleveragewhentheydeterminethemodelexchangeprocedures.Forexample,

modelcoordinationwouldrequireahighdegreeofgeometricaccuracyforthedesignmodel.Once
BIMUsesareidentified,theteamshoulddecidewhoisdevelopingwhichmodels,andwhenthese
modelsareexchanged.TheBIMPxPshouldbeusedtoorganizeresponsibilitiesandmodeling
requirements.
2.1DEFINEBIMREQUIREMENTS
BIMrequirementsaredefinedbytheOwnersoverallgoals,businesspractices,andcorporateculture
andareshapedbytheOPR.Theyaredevelopedonaprojectbyprojectbasis,astheProjectBIMTeam
selectsBIMUsestoachievetheserequirements.TheOwnershouldprovideanyresources,suchas
feasibilitystudiesand/oraccesstostakeholderinterviews,fortheBIMProjectBIMTeamtodefine
Ownerrelatedgoals.OncetheOwnersprojectBIMgoalsaredefined,theProjectBIMTeamshould
alsoensurethattheseBIMgoalscanbemetwithcurrenttechnologypracticesandrequiredteam
competencies.TheprojectBIMgoalsshouldleadtothechoiceofBIMUsesandadditionalBIM
requirements.
2.1.1BIMUsesandRequirements
TheOwnershouldataminimumrequirethefiveEssentialBIMUsesdescribedinSection4.2.2:Existing
Conditions,DesignAuthoring,DesignReview,threedimensional(3D)Coordination,andRecord
Modeling.ProjectconditionsmayjustifyotherEnhancedBIMUses,asdescribedinSection4.2.3,or
OwnerRelatedUses,asdescribedinSection4.2.4.TheProjectBIMTeamshoulddevelopthe
recommendedBIMUsesfortheprojectbyleveragingresourcesprovidedintheNationalBIM
StandardUnitedStates(NBIMSUS)Version3(V3)alongwithotherresources.NBIMSUS,
developedbytheNationalInstituteofBuildingSciencesbuildingSMARTalliance,containscore
consensusapprovedstandardsregardingtheexchangeofinformationandstandardpracticesfor
implementingBIMonaproject.
OnceBIMUsesaredefined,theLevelofDevelopment(LOD)requirementsshouldbedetermined.
ThereareDefaultLOD,TemplateLOD,andCustomLOD(seeSection3.6.4).AnOwnercanadopta
DefaultLODthatreferencesestablishedLODrequirements,suchastheUnitedStatesArmyCorpsof
Engineers(USACE)MinimumModelingMatrix(M3).3TheOwneralsocanuseexistingtemplatesto
developLODrequirements,suchastheAmericanInstituteofArchitects(AIA)G202Building
InformationModelingProtocol.4ItalsoispossibleforOwnerstodevelopacustomLODmatrixfor
theirorganization,butiftheydoso,theyshouldadheretotheLODspecdefinitions.Anyofthese
threeformsofLODspecificationprovidesameansforOwnerstodevelopcontractrequirementsfor
modelsanddatarequirements.
2.1.2ProjectDeliveryMethod
ThechoiceofprojectdeliverymethodfortheprojectaffectsthewayinwhichtheBIMisdeveloped
andhowinformationisexchanged.Adesignbuild(DB)projectmayonlyhaveoneProjectBIM
Manager,whileadesignbidbuild(DBB)projectshouldhaveoneBIMManagerfordesignand
anotheroneforconstruction.Similarly,theOwnershouldunderstandthattheprojectdeliverymethod
willaffectthelevelofresponsibilitythattheOwnerassumesforinformationmanagementand

exchangebetweenprojectphases.Forexample,inDBB,theOwnermayberesponsiblefor
informationexchangebetweendesignstakeholdersandconstructionstakeholders.Theproject
contractsshoulddefineresponsibilitiesforthedesignandconstructioncontractingentities,and,
therefore,theLevelofDevelopment(LOD)anddivisionofresponsibilities.Informationexchange
acrosscontractingpartiesalsoshouldbeclearlydefinedandcloselymanaged.
2.1.3IntellectualProperty.
ProjectdeliverablesshouldbeclearlyandcompletelydefinedintheOwner/designerand
Owner/contractoragreements,especiallyifthePxPisdevelopedaftercontractshavebeenexecuted.
TheintellectualpropertyrightsoftheOwnershouldbeclearlydefinedandvalidatedinthePxP.The
Ownershould,ataminimum,havetherighttousetheprojectdatadefinedasprojectdeliverablesin
theBIMPxP.Projectdatashouldincludethe:
Modelfiles(BIM,CAD)
Drawingfiles(CAD,electronicsheetssuchasPDFs,and/orplotfiles)
Electronicmanuals
Tabular/textualinformationderivedfromBIM(e.g.,spreadsheets)
Referencefilesnecessarytosupplementotherprojectdata
Publiclyfundedprojectsaresubjecttothegoverningauthoritysacquisitionrequirements.Federally
fundedprojectsaregovernedperFederalAcquisitionRegulation(FAR)Part27,Patents,Data,and
Copyrights.5Anyexceptionstoownershiprightsshouldbeclearlynotedintheprojectcontract(s),
documentedintheBIMPxP,andapprovedbytheProjectBIMTeam.Ownershipofprojectdatais
conveyedtotheOwneratthetimeofprojectcloseout.Ownerreuserightsshouldbedefinedinthe
Owner/stakeholdercontracts.TheProjectBIMTeamshouldreviewthisguide,theBIMPxP,andthe
Commentary:
WhenusingthisGuidetodevelopcontractsbetweenstakeholdersregardingtheuseofBIMtoplan,
design,constructandoperatebuildings,theinformationhereinshouldnotbeconsidereda
substituteforlegal,business,insuranceorfinancialadvice.Contractsmayhaveimportantlegal,
business,insuranceandfinancialconsequences.Eachstakeholderorpartytoacontractisstrongly
encouragedtoseektheadviceofattorneys,andbusiness,insurance,andfinancialcounselorsand
advisers,aseachstakeholderdeemsappropriate,whendrafting,reviewing,andnegotiatingall
contractsandclausesincluding,butnotlimitedto,alltermsandconditions,contractandproject
managementrequirements,intellectualpropertyrights,andtheelectronicstorageandtransferof
documentsanddata.
projectcontract(s)todeterminegoverningrequirementsandpermissionsand/orlimitationsfor
ownership,conveyance,and/orreuseofdata.Theprojectcontractconditionsandtermstake
precedenceoverthisguide,and,aswithallcontractdocuments,itisadvisabletoseektheadviceof
legalcounsel.

2.1.4FinalTurnoverRequirements
TheOwnershouldconsiderthefinaldeliverablerequirementsforprojectdata.Ownersshouldreview
theircurrentinformationneedsforoperationsandmaintenance,andestablishdatarequirementsthat
supportthoseneeds.TheOwneralsoshouldconsiderhowBIMcansupportfuturefacilities
managementandoperations,anddeveloprequirementsthatsupportfutureneedsaswell.Ata
minimum,majorequipmentshouldbedescribedbyfacilityattributessuchasmake,model,
manufacturer,andserialnumber.Additionalattributesincludewarrantyinformation,partslists,
maintenanceschedules,andmanufacturercontactinformation.
2.2TEAMROLESANDRESPONSIBILITIES
2.2.1OwnersBIMRepresentative(s)
Especiallyforlargerandmorecomplexprojects,theOwnershoulddesignateanOwnersBIM
Representative.TheOwnersBIMRepresentativeshouldhaveaclearunderstandingofBIMandthe
OPR.TheOwner'sBIMRepresentativeshould,ataminimum:
RepresenttheOwnersrequirementsandbeabletoeffectivelycommunicatethemtoother
stakeholders.
ServeastheprimaryliaisonbetweentheOwnerandtheProjectBIMManager(s)forallBIM
relatedissues.
HaveoversightofBIMrequirementsinallprojectphases,fromplanningthroughthe
constructionoftheproject,andatleastthebeginningoftheoperationsphase.
Receive,review,andapproveBIMdeliverables.

Figure1.BIMRoleandResponsibilityChart
2.2.2ProjectBIMManagerRole
TheprojectshouldhaveadesignatedProjectBIMManager.TheProjectBIMManagerrolemaybe
fulfilledbymorethanoneperson;forexample,manyprojectshavealeaddesignBIMManageranda
leadconstructionBIMManager(seeFigure1).TheProjectBIMManagershouldhavesufficientBIM
educationandexperienceforthesizeandcomplexityoftheproject,aswellastherelevantproficiency
intheproposedBIMauthoringandcoordinationsoftwareselectedforuseontheproject.Inthe
absenceofanOwnersBIMRepresentative,theProjectBIMManagershouldserveasthemainpointof
contactwiththeProjectBIMTeamforallBIMrelatedissues.
Duringeachphaseofaproject,theProjectBIMManagerataminimumshould:
LeadtheprocessofcreatingandupdatingtheBIMPxPinaccordancewiththeOPR.
VerifycomplianceofthePxPdeliverables.
Coordinateallupdatesforindividualmodels,specializedmodels,anddatabases.
AdministerProjectQualityManagementandDataSecurityManagement.
Develop,coordinate,publish,andverifynecessaryconfigurationsrequiredforintegrationof
projectdata.
Facilitatedistributionofprojectdata.
Compileprojectdataforreviewandcoordination.
Facilitatedesignreview.
Meetwithrelevantprojectstakeholdersforreviewofturnoverdocuments.
Delivermodel(s)andFacilityDatatoOwnerforuseinoperations.

2.2.3Discipline/TradeBIMLeads
Eachdiscipline/tradeshouldassignanindividualtotheroleofBIMleadforthedurationoftheproject.
TheseindividualsshouldhavetherelevantBIMexperiencerequiredbythecomplexityoftheproject.
Thediscipline/tradeBIMleadmaintainsacontinuousinterfacewiththeProjectBIMManager.
Theresponsibilitiesofthediscipline/tradeBIMleadsfortheirrespectivediscipline/tradeinclude:
ActastheleadBIMcontactforthediscipline/trade.
Developandmanageexchangeofmodels.
Maintainandmanageintegrityofthemodel.
AssumeadditionalrolesandresponsibilitiesasdefinedtosupportthePxPandother
contractualrequirements.
2.2.4Collaboration
TheProjectBIMTeamshouldnotrelyoninformationexchangeasthesolemeansofproject
communication;informationexchangeisnotcollaboration.TheProjectBIMTeamshouldschedule
regularBIMcoordinationmeetingsduringwhichteammembersmeettodiscussdesignand
constructionissues,usingthemodelasasharedresource.Thefrequencyofsuchinteractionsdepends
ontheproject'sgoals,BIMUses,andProjectBIMTeammemberscapabilities.

ThroughtheBIMprojectplanningprocess,theProjectBIMTeamshouldagreeonhowandinwhat
waystheProjectBIMTeammemberswillcollaborateusingtheBIM.Allprojectstakeholdersinvolved
withmodelingshoulddevelopandagreetoaprojectspecificBIMPxP.Thisplanshouldincludethe
requirementsforinformationexchangeamongtheparties,aswellasforexpectedinteractionswith
themodel.
2.3BIMPROJECTEXECUTIONPLANNING
TheBIMProjectExecutionPlan(PxP)isthecentraldocumentforBIMimplementation.Thisplanshould
beauthoredbytheProjectBIMTeamcollectively,andonboardingprocessesshouldbedevelopedfor
ProjectBIMTeammemberswhojointheprojectaftertheinitialplanhasbeendeveloped.Thestepsof
BIMPxPinclude:

6
Figure2.BIMProjectExecutionPlanningProcedure
TheBIMPxPshouldcontainallcontentnecessarytodocumenttheprocessofimplementingBIMona
project.SpecificBIMPxPcontentrequirementscanbefoundinSection4.1ofthisdocument.
Specifically,theteamshoulddevelopplansandprotocolstomeettheOPR,including,asaminimum,
filesharinganddatasecurity.
2.3.1FileSharingRequirements
ThefilesharingrequirementswillvarydependingontheprojectsBIMUses.Ataminimum,thePxP
shouldincludeadescriptionofthe:

Filesystem(s)theteamwillusetoexchange,merge,andvisualizemodels
Schedulefororfrequencyofmodelupdatesandclashdetectionchecks
Toolsandprocesstobeusedforclashdetectionchecking
Processtobeusedtogeneratedrawingsfromcoordinatedmodels
2.3.2DataSecurity
OwnersshouldapplytheirexistingdatasecuritystandardstoBIMprotocols.TheOwnershould
considerthesecurityrisksintermsoftheprotectionofdata.TheOwnermaywishtoconsider
includingdatarestrictionsprocedures,suchascheckoutandcheckin,aswellasstipulatingthedegree
ofaccesscontrolforprojectparticipants.TheOwnershouldrequiretheProjectBIMTeamtocomplete
aDataSecurityProtocolthatcomplieswithdatasecurityrequirementsasdefinedbelow.
2.3.2.1DataSecurityProtocol(DSP).AspartofthePxP,theProjectBIMTeamshoulddevelopand
submitaDataSecurityProtocol(DSP)totheOwnerthatoutlinessecurityprotocolstobeimplemented
fortheproject.TheDSPshouldbeapprovedbytheOwnerpriortocommencingwork.Ataminimum,
theDSPshouldaddress:
Useraccessrightsandpermissions,outliningthevariousrolesanddegreesofaccesstothe
data.RolesshouldcorrelatetothosedefinedinthisguideandtheBIMPxP.TheDSPalsoshould
identifyanyadditionaluseraccessrequired.
Dataprotection,documentinghowthedatawillbeprotectedfrom:
o Accidentalloss
o FileCorruption(malware,viruses)
o Misuse/negligence
o Unauthorizedconveyance
o Deliberateattack(internalorexternal)
Dataprocessandhandlingprotocolproceduresfor:
o Exchange:Howandwithwhatfrequencydatawillbeexchanged.TheDSPshouldalign
withotherrequirementsintheBIMPxPandprovidemoredetailspecifictodataexchange.
o Maintenance:Describethemaintenanceplanforalldatasources,transmissiondevices,
andstoragedevicesusedfortheproject.
o Backup:DescribeindetailthebackupschemeimplementedbytheProjectBIMTeam,
includingfrequencyandretentionofbackups.
o Archiving:Describethestorage,retrieval,andretentionsystemtobeusedbytheProject
BIMTeam.

2.4MANAGINGPROJECTREQUIREMENTSANDDELIVERABLES
2.4.1QualityPlanning
TheentireProjectBIMTeamisresponsibleforqualitycontrol.However,theteamshouldspecifyroles
andresponsibilitiesformodelmanagementandqualitymanagementfortheproject.TheBIMPxP
includesthemanagementstrategiesforimplementingBIMUsesandrequirements.Quality

managementprocessesshouldbeusedtoensureBIMiscreatedfordownstreamusesofthemodel
data.
Thequalitystandardsforthemodelingactivitiesshouldbediscussedindetailattheearlystagesofthe
project.ThefollowingitemsshouldbedevelopedbytheProjectBIMTeampriortothestartofthe
modelingactivities:
AclearlydefinedQualityAssurance(QA)andQualityControl(QC)sectionwithintheBIMPxP
AdetailedQAapproachformonitoringthemodelingprocess
AdetailedQCapproachtotestthefinaldeliverablesforcompliancewiththequalitystandards
EachQAandQCactivityshouldidentifyaProjectBIMTeammemberspecificallyresponsiblefor
performingthetask.TheQAandQCapproachesmayalsobeincorporatedintoprojectcontractsto
ensurecompliance.
2.4.2QualityAssurance
QualityassuranceproceduresshouldbedefinedtoensurethattheProjectBIMTeammembersare
performingthemodelingprocessdefinedwithintheBIMPxP.TheQAactivitiesshouldalsobe
consistentwiththecontract.MinimumQAactivitiesshouldinclude:
Definitionandvalidationoftestingorprototypingprocesstoverifythemodelmeetsthe
minimummodelingrequirements
Validationofresourceavailabilityandcapabilitiestoperformmodelingactivities
Reviewoftheinformationexchangedefinitionstoassurethatthedeliverablesareclearly
definedandunambiguous
AdditionalQAactivitiesmayinclude:
Periodicreviewsofthemodelingprocedurestoensurethattheactivitiesbeingperformedare
consistentwiththeinitialplan
DocumentationofthefinalmodelingprocessforfuturereferencebyProjectBIMTeam
members
2.4.3QualityControl
Qualitycontroltestsshouldbedefinedtoverifythattheprojectdeliverablescomplywiththeproject
requirements.TheProjectBIMManagershouldverifythatallrequireddeliverablesaresubmittedand
appropriatelydistributedasdefinedwithintheBIMPxPandanyadditionalcontractualagreements.
ThefollowingQCactivitiesshouldbeperformedonallprojectdatadeliveredtotheOwner:
VerificationofthefileordataexchangemetadataasdefinedwithintheBIMPxPtoinclude(as
appropriateforthedataexchangetypes):
o Dateofsubmission
o Filetype(iffile)
o Filename(iffile)
o Databaseaccessinstructions(ifthereisdatabasecontent)
o Generaldescriptionofcontent

o Dataschema(organization)ofthefile,includingversion,datecreated,anddatemodified
bybuildingSMARTInternational(asappropriate)
o Descriptionofthedataexchangestandard(ifanopenstandard)
Validationoftheproperfiletype,namingconvention,andappropriatesoftwareversion
Validationoffinalsubmittedmodelfiles(content)againsttheinformationexchangestandard:
o Manualvalidationofaspecifiedsampleofelementstoverifythattheinformationis
properlystructuredandaccurate.Thesamplesizemayvarybaseduponthelevelof
criticalityoftheinformationelement.Thesamplingprocedureshouldbedefinedwithin
theBIMPxP
o Visualmodelinspectiontoreviewgeneralmodelcontent
o Inspectionofthecoordinatesystemtoensurethatallmodelfileshaveacommon
coordinatesystem
Validationthatmodelclasheshavebeenresolvedpertheownerspredefinedminimum
requirementsandthecriteriaestablishedwithintheBIMPxP.
Thetestsshouldbeperformedwithinanagreedupontimebeforeorafterprojectmilestones,as
specifiedbythecontract.
AdditionalQCactivitiesmayinclude:
Checks:AllProjectBIMTeammembersshouldcheckthemodelingcontentthattheyreceive
fromotherteammembersortheOwnertoverifythattheexchangescontainvalidfieldentries
andtheproperinformationelements.ProjectBIMTeammembersshouldreportanyunusual
informationcontent.
ProjectDataSubmissionLog:TheProjectBIMTeamshoulddevelopanduseaProjectData
SubmissionLog,whichincludesmodel/modelingcomplianceissuesandcorrectiveactions.The
ProjectBIMManagershouldreviewtheProjectDataSubmissionLog,participatein
collaborativeteamresolution,andprovidedirectionwhenneeded.

3. INFRASTRUCTURE AND STANDARDS
3.1TECHNOLOGYINFRASTRUCTURE
ForthepurposesofthisGuide,infrastructureisdefinedastheentiretechnologysystemusedforaBIM
project.ItbroadlyencompassesBIMasthedigitalrepresentationofthephysicalandfunctional
characteristicsofthebuiltenvironment.Theuseofthetermplatforminthissectionappliestoall
projectrelevantcomputingplatforms(hardwareandsoftware),includingbutnotlimitedto
computers,servers,networkdevices,backupsystems,andfilesharingsystems,betheyresidentona
localnetworkorweb/cloudbased.ComputingplatformsarepartofanOwnersandotherproject
stakeholderstechnologyinfrastructure,alongwithnetworksandphysicalworkspaces.
Computingplatformgenerallyandbroadlyappliestothecomputerhardwareandoperatingsystems
(OS)onwhichcomputerprogramsorsoftwarearedesignedtorun.TheOwnershouldconsidercurrent
hardwareandOS,andsoftwarespecificapplicationcapabilitiesthatexistwithinhis/herown
organizationandtheorganizationofotherprojectstakeholdersaswellasfuturehardwareandOS
capabilitiesthatarepreferredorcanbeanticipated.Infrastructurerequirementsshouldbeconsidered
forallprojectphases,fromplanningconceptthroughwhatwillbeavailableduringthefacility
managementandoperationsphaseoftheproject.Foreachprojectphase,theOwnershouldconsider
howinformationiscreated,stored,exchanged,secured,backeduporarchived,anddelivered,and
whethereachshouldbelocalized,cloudorwebbased,orahybrid.
TheOwnershouldrequirethatanyBIMrelatedworkproductsbe:
CompatiblewiththeOwner'scomputerplatformrequirements
Capableofsupportingcurrentandlegacyfileformats
Agnostic(i.e.,designedtobecompatibleacrossmostcommonOS,hardwareorsoftware
systems),adaptable,andscalablewithrespecttopotentialfuturecomputing
Abletosupportopen,consensusstandardstomaximizefuturecompatibility
Additionally,theOwnershouldconsiderrequiringtheProjectBIMTeamtousespecifictechnology
infrastructuretosupporttheOwnersoverarchingbusinessandprojectgoals.
AlltechnologyinfrastructureusedforaprojectshouldbedocumentedintheBIMPxP.
3.2STANDARDS
3.2.1CategoriesofStandards
TheOwnershouldconsiderthreebroadcategoriesofBIMstandards:Organizational(internal)
Standards,PrimaryStandards,andReferenceStandards.OrganizationalStandardsandPrimary
StandardsforBIM(orappropriateportionsofthem)shouldbecitedintheOwner'scontractlanguage
withotherstakeholdersastheminimumacceptablestandardswhenBIMisusedandBIMdeliverables
arerequired.MerelycitingthestandardbynameinacontractwillnotensurethatanyuseofBIMona
projectorBIMdeliverablerequiredwillmeetanOwner'scurrentandfutureneeds.

Commentary:
Standards,asusedinthisguideline,aredocumentscreatedtoestablishminimumlevelsofqualityor
achievementthatareacceptable.Mandatorystandardsarethosethathavebeenformallyadoptedbya
codeagencyorgovernmententity(authority)suchasmunicipalities,stateorfederalagencies,or
departments.VoluntarystandardsarethosenonmandatorystandardsusedbyOwnersandother
organizationsandindustriestosetminimallyacceptablestandardsofqualityandachievement.

BIMisnotamandatoryrequirementintheUnitedStates.However,numerouscountriesaroundtheworld
arebeginningtowriteBIMrequirementsintotheirlocalandfederalcodesandstatutes.

ThissectionaddressesthestandardsthatOwnersshouldreferencewhenrequiringBIM.These
requirementsinclude,butarenotlimitedto,theOwnersinternalpolicies,procedures,andrequirements
(OrganizationalStandards),aswellasPrimaryandReferencedStandards.TheOwnershouldincludethese
standardsintheOPR.
3.2.2StandardsinthisGuide
Thefollowingstandardsshouldbeusedwhenapplyingthisguide.WheretheOwneralreadyhas
OrganizationalStandardsandOPRsorotheragencyspecificrequirementsthatreferencethese
standardsormodifythem,thosestandardsshouldbeusedinconjunctionwiththeguidanceprovided
here.Fordatedreferences,onlytheeditioncitedapplies.Forundatedreferences,thelatestedition
(includinganyamendments)applies.
TheNationalBIMStandardUnitedStates(NBIMSUS)Version3(V3),developedbytheNational
InstituteofBuildingSciencesbuildingSMARTalliance,containscoreconsensusapprovedstandards
regardingtheexchangeofinformationandstandardpracticesforimplementingBIMonaproject.In
additiontoNBIMSUSV3,thebuildingSMARTInternationalhasdevelopedmultipleopeninformation
exchangestandards.Allinformationexchangesthatrequireanopen,standardformatshouldcomply
withtheinformationexchangestandardsapprovedwithinNBIMSUSV3orapprovedby
buildingSMARTInternational.Thecurrentapprovedinformationexchangestandardsinclude:
ConstructiontoOperationsBuildinginformationexchange(COBie)(NBIMSUSV3)
DesigntoSpatialProgramValidation(SPV)(NBIMSUSV3)
DesigntoQuantityTakeoffforCostEstimating(NBIMSUSV3)
DesigntoBuildingEnergyAnalysis(BEA)(NBIMSUSV3)
BuildingProgramminginformationexchange(BPie)(NBIMSUSV3)
ElectricalSysteminformationexchange(Sparkie)(NBIMSUSV3)
Heating,VentilationandAirConditioninginformationexchange(HVACie)(NBIMSUSV3)
WaterSysteminformationexchange(WSie)(NBIMSUSV3)
IFC2x3CoordinationView(NBIMSUSV3)(http://www.buildingsmart
tech.org/downloads/viewdefinitions/coordinationview/sub
schema/CoordinationView_V20_EntityList_IFC2x3_Version16_Final.pdf)
ThesestandardsareavailableatnocostontheNBIMUSV3website,
https://www.nationalbimstandard.org[loginrequired]
ApprovedbybuildingSMARTInternationalbutnotyetincludedinNBIMSUSV3are:
IFC4ReferenceView(buildingSMARTInternational)
www.buildingsmarttech.org/specifications/ifcviewdefinition/ifc4referenceview7
IFC4DesignTransferView(buildingSMARTInternational)
http://www.buildingsmarttech.org/specifications/ifcviewdefinition/ifc4designtransfer
view8
TheNBIMSUSV3alsooutlinesastandardprocedureforthedevelopmentanddocumentationofa
BIMPxP.(SeeNBIMSUSV3,Section5.3:BIMProjectExecutionPlanningGuide.)TheProjectBIM
Teamshouldfollowthisstandardplanningapproachanddocumentformat.
NBIMSUSV3alsooutlinesbyreferencecommoninformationclassificationsdefinedwithinthe
OmniClasstables.Whenapplicable,theseinformationclassificationtablesshouldbeusedtomaintain
standardinformationterminologyandclassifications.

InadditiontoNBIMSUSV3,thereareotherimportantstandardsthatshouldbeconsidered,
includingISO16739:2013,9whichoutlinesthedataschemafortheIndustryFoundationClasses,an
opendataschemaforstoringinformationregardingabuildingproject.TheUnitedStatesNationalCAD
Standard(NCS)Version6(V6)shouldalsobeusedtoensurethatthefinaldesigndocumentation
complieswithstandards.
Thesestandardssometimescancoversimilarsubjectareas.Whileareasofoverlaporconflictshould
beidentifiedintheBIMPxP,itispossibleforinconsistenciesbetweenthedocumentstocometolight
duringtheproject.Intheseinstances,theProjectBIMManagershouldbenotifiedimmediately.In
response,theProjectBIMManagershoulddetermine,inconsultationwiththeOwnerandother
stakeholders,whichdocumentwilltakeprecedenceorwhetheramendmentsarerequired.
WhereanOPRisuniqueanditsOrganizationStandardsdifferoraremorestringentthantheminimum
requirementsestablishedbyreferencingtheNBIMSUS,theNBIMSUSanditsreferencedstandards
shouldbeformallyextended,modified,andsupplementedbyclearandspecificlanguageinthe
Owner'scontractswithotherstakeholders.
3.2.3OpenStandardsFormatforSupportingInformation
Toensurethelifecycleuseofbuildinginformation,informationsupportingcommonindustry
deliverablesshouldbeprovidedinopenstandards,alongwiththeirnativefileformatswhere
applicable.TheformatsusedshouldbespecifiedintheBIMPxPandshouldincludethefollowing
standardsasappropriate:
IndustryFoundationClass(IFC),ModelViewDefinition(MVD)formats.Threemostcommonly
usedmodelviewsare:CoordinationView,COBie,andGSADesigntoSpatialProgram
Validation10.
Additionalopenstandardformats,suchasgbXML11.

Forthosecontractdeliverableswhoseopenstandardformatshavenotyetbeenfinalized,the
deliverableshouldbeprovidedinamutuallyagreeduponformatthatallowsthereuseofbuilding
informationoutsidethecontextoftheproprietaryBIMsoftware.
3.3SPACEANDGRAPHICALSTANDARDS
Commentary:
Thissectionidentifiesstandardsandrequirementsforgraphicaloutputand/orpaperprinting.
3.3.1OwnerSpecifiedGuidelinesandStandards
TheOwnershouldspecifyanyadditionalguidelinesandstandardsfordrawingsandspaces.Roomsand
spacesshouldadheretotheformatasdefinedtherein.12
3.3.2Drawing
TheUnitedStatesNationalCADStandard(NCS)shouldbeincorporatedbyreference.Graphical
outputfromBIMshouldcomplywiththeNCSpertheclarificationsoutlinedinitsBIMImplementation
Section.SheetsetsshouldbeorganizedandnumberedpertheNCS.Allannotationsymbol
requirementsthereinshouldbeadheredto.
3.3.3SheetLayout
InadditiontothesheetlayoutrequirementsintheNCS,allsheetsshouldmaintainaconsistentsize
andorientationthroughouttheset.Titleblockbordersshouldmaintainthesamepositioningoneach
sheettoallowforoverlayandappropriateprintingoftheextentsofthesheet.
3.3.4Areas/Rooms/Spaces
Identifyingtagsandschedulesforareas,rooms,andspacesshouldcomplywiththeNCS.
3.3.5DigitalDocumentationandArchiving
Copiesofallapprovedsubmittalsandotherdocumentsnormallyprovidedintraditionalpaperbased
formatsshouldbeprovidedPortableDocumentFormat(PDF)format,orotheropenelectronic
documentformat.DocumentsauthoreddirectlybytheProjectBIMTeamshouldbetransformedto
PDFtoallowsearchingofthedocumentsandselectionoftextwithinthedocument.Documents
authoredbyothers,butusedbytheProjectBIMTeam(suchasmanufacturerproductdatasheets),
shouldbeprovidedasPDFsmadeavailablebythemanufacturer.IfnotavailableasPDFsfromtheir
authors,thedocumentsshouldbescannedtocreatePDFdocuments.PDFsshouldcomplywiththe
followingISOStandards:
ISO190053(2012):DocumentmanagementElectronicdocumentfileformatforlongterm
preservationPart3:UseofISO320001withsupportforembeddedfiles(PDF/A3).13
ISO320001(2008):DocumentmanagementPortabledocumentformatPart1:PDF1.7.14

PDFsofconstructiondocumentsshouldcomplywiththeGuidelineforConstructionPDFDocuments15
availablefromtheConstructionPDFCoalition.Additionally,theConstructionPDFCoalitionprovidesa
webformforcustomizingtherequirementsonitswebsite.
3.4FILESTRUCTURE
WellrunBIMPxPandprojectdatahavewelldefinedprojectfilenamingandfolderorganization
standards.ThefolderstructureshouldbedefinedinthePxP.Theprojectfilesharingsystemshould
havethehighlevelbranchesofthefolderstructureprepopulatedinthesystematthebeginningof
theproject.
Sincerecorddocumentswillbedistributedthroughthefoldersystem,theprojectfolderorganization
shouldalignwiththedivisionofresponsibilitiesofthestakeholders.Itisbeneficialtoestablishafile
permissionstrategyonthesharedfoldersystem,whereonlyappropriateorganizationsintheproject
havewritepermissionswithintheirassignedfolders,andtheremainderoftheteamhasreadonly
permission.Atthehighestlevel,thefoldersystemshouldbecontrolledbytheprojectadministration.
Filenamingconventionssimilarlyareneededtoestablishcoherencyofprojectdocumentationand
simplifyhighlevelunderstandingofthefilecontents.Thefilenamingsystemmayidentifyasetofdata
fieldstobecontainedinthefilename.Atypicalfilestandardwillestablishaclearorderonfilename
attributeswithareserveddelimitersuchasunderscore(_)toidentifythedivisionsbetweenfields.The
NCSprovidesaproposednamingconventionforfiles,includingstandardcontractdocuments
https://www.nationalcadstandard.org/ncs6/
3.4.1OwnerSpecifiedRequirements
TheprojectshouldcomplywithanyOwnerspecifiedplatformrequirements.Thefollowingsectionsare
providedasexamplesforOwnerswhodonothavepredefinedrequirements.Regardlessofthe
requirementsused,thenamingconventionsshouldbeconsistent.
3.4.2FolderNaming
Foldernamesshouldbenumberedoralphabetizedtocontrolorder.Foldernamesshouldbeclear
indicatorsastowhatthefoldercontains(e.g.,afolderforModelscouldbenamed07_Models).
3.4.3FileNaming
Filenamesshouldcontainadisciplinedesignator(suchasAforArchitectural)asdefinedintheNCS.
CustomnamingschemashouldbeclearlydocumentedintheBIMPxP.
Sheetfilenames(regardlessoffileformat,suchasPDF)shouldcomplywithNCS,unless
otherwisedictatedorallowedbytheOwner.Ataminimum,theyshouldincludethesheet
number(e.g.,A101.PDF)
Modelfilenamesshouldcontaindisciplinedesignatorwithinthename,asoutlinedintheNCS
(e.g.,AFP01.ext).

3.4.4ComponentNamingConventions
ThenamingconventionsusedforthefollowingshouldbedocumentedintheBIMPxP:e.g.
Systems/Elements/Objects/Components/Parameters.
3.4.5SubmittalPackage
Allfilesshouldbeorganizedandstoredinanappropriatelynamedfolderaspartofthesubmittal
package.Thesubmittalpackageshouldcontainthedeliverablesasoutlinedinthisdocument,theBIM
PxP,andtheprojectcontract(s).Thesubmittalpackageshouldalsocontainanysupport,source,
reference,and/orlinkedfilesnecessarytomaintainfileintegrity.
3.4.6FileSharing
TheOwnershouldrequirethattheteamuseamodelsharingsystem.IftheOwnerdoesnotdesignate
asystem,thentheProjectBIMManagershouldprovideamodelsharingsystemforthesharingof
individualandmergedmodels.Themodelsharingsystemshouldconsider:
ProjectBIMTeamaccess,includingrealtimeaccessandsynchronizationofmodels
Automatedversioningofmodels
Datasecurity
Maintenanceandarchivingofthepreviousmodelversions
Permissionbasedaccessforeachteammembertouploadtheirmodels
3.4.7DataTransmittalRequirements
Ataminimum,alltransmitteddatashouldincludethefollowingprintedonthemediaorincludedas
metadataasapplicablepermediatype(i.e.,CD/DVDwouldhaveprintedlabels,whereasmodelfiles
wouldincludemetadata):
Projecttitle
Projectlocation
Contractnumber
Designer(s)ofrecordand/orcontactor(s)(generalorsub)
Classificationsforthedata(i.e.,sensitive,classified,etc.)
Contentsofthetransmittal,includingdatecreated,datemodified,version,etc.
Authorand/orresponsibleindividual
Recipient(s)
AnyadditionalinformationrequiredbytheOwneroridentifiedintheBIMPxPshouldbeincluded.
3.5MODELSTRUCTURE
Modelstructuredefinesthehighestlevelofdecomposition(breakdownintocomponentparts)ofthe
digitalmodel(s).ModelstructureshouldalignwiththeOwner'sProjectRequirements(OPR)and
selectedBIMUses,asdefinedinNBIMSV3Section5.9:TheUsesofBIM.
If,fortechnologicallimitationsorworksharerequirements,themodelmustbedecomposedtoa
structurebelowasinglebuilding,theneachmodelshouldbeclearlydenotedasaportionofabuilding,

andonecompositemodelperbuildingshouldbeprovidedforeachdeliverable.Separatemodelles
(i.e.,disciplinespecicorseparatedbylevel,etc.)areinsufficientasafinaldeliverable.Aholistic
compositemodelisnecessary,evenifthecompositemodelisonlyusedasacontainerforlinksand/or
references(i.e.,ameansofpackagingallrelatedlesfordelivery).
ThemodelstructureshouldbeclearlydefinedintheBIMPxP.
3.6MODELREQUIREMENTS
TheOwnershoulddeveloporadopt/adaptwelldefinedcontractrequirementstoensuretheproject
modeldatarequirementsaremet.TheBIMContractRequirementsshouldaddressmodel
requirementssuchasmodelingresponsibility,themodelingprocess,minimummodelcontents,Facility
Datatobecaptured,andLevelofDevelopment(LOD).BecauseproperBIMplanningatproject
inceptionisimperativetosuccessanddemandsthoroughunderstanding,itisrecommendedthatthe
OwnerprocuretheservicesofaspecializedBIMconsultantoridentifyoneofthecontractedpartiesto
assistinidentifyinganddefiningthemodel/modelingrequirements.
Alternatively,theOwnercouldconsiderfollowingtheexampleofsuccessfulOwnerimplementationof
BIMrequirementswithinNBIMSUSV3,Section5.8:PracticalBIMContractRequirements,which
outlinesBIMContractRequirementsdevelopedbytheUnitedStatesArmyCorpsofEngineers(USACE)
toensureconsistentandusableBIMprojectdeliverablesandBIMprocess.TheseBIMContract
RequirementsconsistofContractLanguage,aProjectExecutionPlan(PxP)Template,andaMinimum
ModelingMatrix(M3).16
IftheUSACEM3isadaptedforuse,itshouldreflecttheOwnersparticularrequirementsand
objectives,specificallyintheInstructions(Tab2),Phasing(Tab3),andModelElementLOD/Grade
goals.Oncethetemplateiscomplete,thetablesshouldberestrictedtoreadonlyfortheproject
(unlessprojectspecificvariationsarespecificallydesiredandpermittedinthecontract).
ItshouldbeunderstoodthatwithanyBIMContractRequirementsdevelopedoradoptedand
adaptedtheremaybeaninformationgapbetweenwhatisrequiredforthefinalBIMdeliverablesto
theOwnerandwhatisrequiredforeachteammembertoperformtheirrequiredand/or
recommendedBIMUse.ItistheresponsibilityoftheindividualmembersoftheProjectBIMTeamto
providetheinformationnecessaryfortheprojectsselectedBIMUses.
Generally,BIMshouldincludethenecessaryprocessandcontenttoproduceaccurateconstruction
documents(e.g.,plans,elevations,sections,schedules,andintegratedspecifications)andRecord
Modelprojectdata(e.g.,equipment,manufacturer,andmodelnumber).
3.6.1ModelingResponsibility
ProjectstakeholdersmodelingresponsibilitiesshouldbeclearlydefinedwithintheBIMPxP.Each
modelelementshouldbeassignedtoaModelElementAuthor(MEA)andacorrespondingLODforthe
elementclearlydefined;consequently,eachMEAisrequiredtoprovidetheelementsattheLOD
specifiedintheBIMPxPoracorrespondingLODworksheet.EachMEAisresponsibleforattachingany
dataormetadatatothemodelelementsasrequiredbythecontract,BIMPxP,orasneededto
facilitatetheprojectsselectedBIMUses.

ModelelementsaremosttypicallyassignedtoaMEAthatalsohasthedesignorconstruction
responsibilityoftheelement.Forexample,astructuralengineerormodeleristypicallytheMEAfor
structuralslabsduringthedesignphase.Modelsaretypicallydividedbydisciplineortrade.Assuch,it
isimportantthatnotonlytheMEAisidentifiedforanygivenelementbutalsothemodelinwhichthe
elementistoreside.Whiletheremaybeaduplicationofsomeelementsacrossmultiplemodels,an
MEAandLODworksheetidentifiesthesourceresponsiblefortheinformationand,therefore,that
sourceisconsideredtobeaccurateandreliable.
3.6.2ModelingProcess
Theprojectparticipantsshouldfullyimplementindustryandsoftwarevendoridentifiedbestpractices
andworkflowsforallaspectsofmodeling.Theseinclude,butarenotlimitedto,using3Dgeometryfor
representingphysicalcharacteristicsofprojectandfacilitycomponentsandelements,usingrelevant
objectcategorieswhenpossible,addingsufficientattributeinformationtoelements,followingproper
namingconventionsforalllevelsandtypesofdataandmetadata,andsettingupsharedresourcesand
parameterstoenableautomaticdisplayorextractionofmodelinformationtootherformats(e.g.,
scheduleortabularformats).
Modelelementsshouldbeusedtoproducerepresentationsshowningraphicallegendsandshould
matchthegraphicalrepresentationsshowninotherviewsanddrawings.Modelelementsrequiringa
hostorconnectiontosomeothercomponentshouldbedonewithinthesamemodelwhenever
possible(e.g.,adoorisnotfreestandingbutrequiresawallasitshost,sobothdoorandwallshould
resideinthesamemodel).Considerationshouldbegiventohowprojectphasing,displayofcontentby
otherdiscipline/trademodels,andworkflowsorfeaturesassociatedwithspecificsoftwarewillbe
executed.TheoverallprocessutilizedshouldbedocumentedintheBIMPxP.
Modelingprocessrequirementsshouldnotbeoverlyprescriptive,butthegeneralandminimum
expectationsshouldbeestablishedandresponsibilitiesclearlydefinedaspartoftheBIMPxP.
Generally,themodelingprocessandresponsibilitiesshouldinclude:
UseofastandardizedclassificationsystemorganizedaccordingtoNBIMSUSSection2.5:
OmniClassTable21Elements
UseofIFCcompliantsoftware(withinoneversionofthelatestcertificationavailable)
UseofBIMsoftware(withinonereleaseversionofthelatestavailable)thatiscapableof
meetingtheOPRperprojectspecificselectedBIMUses
Useoftheappropriatetool(s)withintheBIMsoftwareselectedtocreateordocumentthe
buildingelementbeingrepresented
Themodel(s)shouldremaincurrentandrepresentdesignintent.TheProjectBIMTeamshould
updatethemodel(s)withanyrevisionsasrequiredtocompletethework,orataminimum,at
eachprojectmilestone.
TheProjectBIMTeamshoulddocumentthechoiceofplatformintheBIMPXP.
Whilethemodelingprocessandcorrespondingmodelsmayvaryperproject,thefollowinggraphicis
anexampleoftypicalmodelprogressionacrossprojectphasesandcouldserveasaninformationflow
mapforanOwnerimplementingBIMrequirements.

Figure3.LifecycleModelRequirements:ASampleProcess
ProjectBIMTeammembersshoulduseBIMapplication(s)andsoftware(s)todevelopanddocument
theproject.DesignprofessionalsshouldcreatetheDesignIntentModel(s)andusethemtoproduce
accurateconstructiondocuments.ConstructionprofessionalsshouldusetheDesignIntentModel(s)
andtheconstructiondocumentsasastartingpointfordevelopingtheModel(s).Similarlyasthe
ConstructionModel(s)areprogressedduringconstruction,theyserveasthebasisforProjectData
(whichoftentimesincludestabularortextualbasedinformation).Alsoduringconstruction,thevarious
ConstructionModel(s)combinetodevelopanAsBuiltmodelthatcapturesmoredetailedconstruction
conditions(e.g.,tradespecificfabricationmodels).Astheprojectprogresses,theAsBuiltModel
alongwiththecontinualstreamofprojectcorrespondenceandinformationbacktotheDesign
professionalsfacilitatestheupdateoftheDesignIntentModel(s)intoaRecordModel.The
constructionmodeltypicallyhashighlydetailedcomponentsthatarenotalwaysanefficientsourceof
informationforoperationsandmaintenance;hencetheRecordModelisdevelopedfromtheDesign
IntentModeltoprovidealightweightmodel.Ingeneral,theRecordModel,alongwiththeAsBuilt
ModelandProjectData,providesfacilitiesmanagementpersonnelwithvaryingdegreesofinformation
inmultipleformatstobestsupportFMusesandactivities.
3.6.3ModelContents
Modelsandcorrespondingelementsorsubelementsshouldbemodeledatfullscale(1:1)usingactual
(notnominal)dimensions.Modelsshouldincludeallcontentnecessarytomeettherequirementsin
theBIMPxP.FurthercontentmaybespecifiedintheBIMLOD.Generalconsiderationsformodel
contentrequirementsincludethefollowing:
Modelsshouldincludeallsystemcomponentsandconnectionpointstoutilitiesand/or
components,whethersiteorbuildingrelated.Thesecomponentsshouldincludeallinformation

parametersandannotationsrequiredtoproduceaccuratedrawings,details,schedules,and
sheets.
AllFurniture,Fixtures,&Equipment(FFE)shouldbeproperlyidentifiedbymake,model
number,andbuilding/department/roomorspaceinwhichitresides.
Clearancezonesrequiredforcodecompliance,access(suchasneededforequipment,hatches,
andpanels),safety,maintenance,gaugereading,andotheroperationsshouldbemodeled.
Anyrequiredlayerofthesystems,forexample,insulation,doublelayeredsystems,or
enclosuresshouldbemodeled.
3.6.4ProjectData
TheProjectBIMTeamshoulddevelopProjectDataforallelementsthatmakeupthemodel(e.g.
doors,airhandlers,electricalpanels,etc.).ThisProjectDatashouldincludeallmaterialdefinitionsand
attributesthatarenecessaryfortheprojectplanning,design,construction,andoperations.All
elementsshouldbeassignedtheproperclassificationandcategory.Alllifesafetyandfireprotection
componentsandsystemsshouldbeclearlyidentifiedassuch.MinimumProjectDatarequirements
shouldbeidentifiedintheBIMPxP.
3.6.5LevelofDevelopment(LOD)
TheOwnershoulddefinethedesiredLODforBIMcontentthatenablestheprojectsspecific
organizationalandprojectgoals.TheOwnermayelecttoreferenceanLODstandardholisticallyforall
modelcontent,orrequireaspecificLODpermodelormodelelementandbydiscipline,trade,and/or
phase.WhenimplementinganLOD,theOwnercanusethedefaultLOD,atemplateLOD,ordevelopa
customLOD.ItshouldbeunderstoodthatBIMcannotbesuccessfullyaccomplishedwithoutsomeLOD
definedforeachmodeldeliverable,whichistypicallyrecordedinaspreadsheetorworksheet.In
general,thestandardLODdefinitionsaredefinedintheBIMForumLODSpecification2015,whichis
availableaspartofNBIMSUSV3.17
DefaultLOD:IftheOwnerelectstoreferenceanexistingLODwithoutmakingmodifications,useofthe
USACEMinimumModelingMatrix(M3)isrecommended,asitdefinesaminimumLODofelementsfor
adesignmodelandaRecordModeldeliverable.
TemplateLOD:SeveralLODtemplatesareavailabletotheOwner,butitisrecommendedthatthe
Owneruseanationallyrecognizedform.TheOwnermayadapttheUSACEM318,usetheAIAG202
2013document19,orimplementthePennStateUniversityModelElementMatrix20orthePSUProject
ExecutionPlanningGuide.21Alternatively,theOwnermayelecttousetheworksheetprovidedwiththe
BIMForumLODSpecification2015ModelElementMatrix.
CustomLOD:Ownersmayelecttodevelophis/herownLODMatricesidentifyingLODandmodel
elementauthorsformodelsormodelelements.OwnersshouldadheretotheBIMForumLOD
Specification2015definitionstoavoidconfusionamongtheProjectBIMTeammembers.
Ataminimum,BIMcontentshouldbedevelopedtoanadequateleveltosupport:
Establishmentandcommunicationofdesignintent

Necessarycontentforconstructiondocuments
OverallBIMrequirementsdevelopedbytheOwner
OptionalBIMrequirementsfromthisGuidechosenbytheOwner
EssentialBIMUsesasidentifiedinSection4.2.2ofthisdocument
EnhancedBIMUsesthattheOwnerselectsfromSection4.2.3ofthisdocument
AdditionaldataandmetadatanecessarytoachieveadditionalBIMUsesasdocumentedinthe
BIMPxP
Insummary,diligenceshouldbegivenduringprojectplanningtoselectappropriateBIMUsesand
developadetailedBIMPxP,asthesearetheimpetusfordeterminingandassigninganadequateLOD.

4. EXECUTION
Commentary:
TheBIMPxPshouldbedevelopedtoprovideamasterinformation/datamanagementplanandassignmentofroles
andresponsibilitiesformodelcreationanddataintegrationatprojectinitiation.TheteammembersandOwner
shouldjointlyagreeonhow,when,why,towhatlevel,andforwhichprojectoutcomesBIMwillbeused.
Inthoseprojectswhereconstructioninformationisavailableduringthedesignphase,theBIMPxPwouldaddress
bothdesignandconstructionactivities.TheBIMPxPshouldbeconsideredalivingdocumentandshouldbe
continuallydevelopedandrefinedthroughouttheprojectdevelopmentlifecycle.

4.1BIMProjectExecutionPlan(PxP)
BIMProjectExecutionPlanningisaprocessperformedbyaProjectBIMTeamtodesigntheexecution
strategyforimplementingBIMontheproject.Thefinalproductoftheexecutionplanningprocessisa
documentedBIMProjectExecutionPlan(PxP).22TomaximizetheeffectivenessofBIM,theexecution
planshouldbedesignedintheearlystagesofaprojectandfocusonthedecisionsrequiredtodefine
thescopeofBIMimplementationontheproject,identifyprocessimpactsofusingBIM,definethe
teamcharacteristicsneededtoachievethemodeling,andquantifythevaluepropositionforthe
appropriatelevelofmodelingatthevariousstagesintheprojectlifecycle.
4.1.1DevelopmentoftheBIMPxP
TheBIMPxP,createdearlyintheproject,shouldbeconsideredalivingdocumentthatevolves
throughouttheproject.TheBIMPxPshouldbedevelopedandrefinedbytheProjectBIMTeamto
documentthecollaborativeprocessofhowBIMwillbeexecutedthroughouttheprojectlifecycle.
TheinitialversionoftheBIMPxPshouldbedevelopedbytheProjectBIMManager,assistedbythe
OwnerandtheProjectBIMTeam(asreferencedinNBIMSUSV3,Section5.4),todetailtheBIM
requirementsfortheproject.ItshouldbesubmittedforapprovaltotheOwner.
TheBIMPxPshouldberefinedbytheentireProjectBIMTeamasdesignprogresses.Ifacontractoris
notprocuredforpreconstructionservices,thedesignteamandOwnershoulddevelopthe
collaborativeBIMPxPandcoordinatewiththecontractorwhenthecontractorisprocured.
TheBIMPxPshouldbereviewedandcoordinatedwiththeentireProjectBIMTeampriorto
constructionandsubmittedtotheOwnerforfinalapproval.TheBIMPxPshouldbereviewedwith
specialtycontractorspriortoexecutionoftheircontracts.AnyrevisionstotheBIMPxPshouldbe
submittedtotheOwnerforfinalapproval.
TheProjectBIMTeamshouldusethePxPtemplateintheNBIMSUSV3,Section5.4:BIMPxP
Content,whichidentifiestheminimumBIMrequirementstodevelopanacceptableBIMPxP.ThePxP
shouldspecifyhowdifferentversionsofthemodelwillbestoredandretrievedastheproject
progresses.


4.2BIMUses
Commentary:
BIMUsescanbebroadlycategorizedintoauthoringtools,auditingtools,andanalytictools.Someapplications
aredesignedorwrittentoaddressasingletask.Otherusesarewrittentoperformmultipletasksandareoften
referredtoasintegratedsoftwaretools.TheBIMUseslistedbelowcanbeeithersingletaskapplicationsorbe
partofintegratedsoftwaretools.
BIMUsesfocusedonsingletasksshouldbeinteroperablewiththeotherBIMUsesusedonaproject.
Interoperabilityistheabilityofdiversesystemsandorganizationstoworktogether(interoperate).
Interoperabilitycanbeusedinatechnicalsystemsengineeringsense,orinabroadersense,includingsocial,
political,andorganizationalfactorsthataffectsystemtosystemperformance.
InteroperableBIMUsesaresoftwareprogramsdesignedtousetheinputsandoutputsofotherBIM
applicationstoperformthetaskandgeneratetheoutputthattheBIMUsebeingappliedwasdesignedto
perform.Interoperablesoftwarereducestheamountoftimerequiredtomanuallyexchangeinformationand
inputitintosingletasksoftware.Italsominimizestheriskofdatatransfererrorsoftencausedbymanual
informationexchangemethods.
4.2.1BIMUseDefinition
ABIMUseisamethodofapplyingBuildingInformationModelingduringafacility'slifecycletoachieve
oneormorespecificobjectives.23ThenatureofBIMtechnologyallowsdifferentOwnerstousethe
modelinmultipleways,dependingontheirprojectsspecificneeds.Astheprojectmovesfromphase
tophase,theinformationcontainedwithintheBIMgrowsinbothquantityandspecificity.

Figure4.MinimumBIMExample

BIMUsesarecharacterizedinthisGuideasEssentialBIMUses,EnhancedBIMUses,andOwner
RelatedUsesofBIM.ThebriefdefinitionsbelowhavebeenextractedandenhancedfromtheBIM
ProjectExecutionPlanningGuideandtheBIMPlanningGuideforFacilityOwners.BIMUsesshouldbe
consideredandalignedwithprojectgoals,selectedbasedonaddedvaluetotheOwner,andclearly
documentedintheBIMPxP.Thisguideusesthetermbuildinggenerically,inkeepingwiththe
terminologyofBuildingInformationModeling.Itisintendedtoapplytoinformationmodelingfor
thebuiltenvironment:siteelementsandfacilitiesaswellasbuildings.
4.2.2EssentialBIMUses
ThefollowingBIMUsesshouldbeappliedonallprojects:
ExistingConditions:AprocessinwhichtheProjectBIMTeamdevelopsamodel(geometryand
information)oftheexistingconditionsforasite,facilitiesonasite,oraspecificareawithina
facility.Thismodelcanbedevelopedinmultipleways,dependingonwhatisdesiredandwhat
ismostefficient.Oncethemodelisdeveloped,itcanbequeriedforinformationandcanbe
modified.

DesignAuthoring:AprocessinwhichsoftwareisusedtodevelopaBIMofthedesign.Design
authoringtoolsareafirststeptowardimplementingBIM,andthekeyisintegratingthe
geometricrepresentationofelementsinthemodelwithelementproperties.Construction
drawingsshouldbeproducedfromandremainconsistentwiththemodels.
DesignReview:Aqualitymanagementprocessinwhichamodelisusedtoallowstakeholders
toverifywhetherthedesignmeetstheOPRandtovisualizecriteriasuchaslayout,sightlines,
lighting,security,ergonomics,acoustics,texturesandcolors,etc.Virtualmockupcanbedone
inhighdetail,evenonapartofthebuilding,suchasthefaade,toquicklyanalyzedesign
alternativesandsolvedesignandconstructabilityissues.Ifproperlyexecuted,thesereviews
canresolvedesignissues.
Coordination:Aprocessinwhichmodelelementscanbeorganizedandcoordinated,andclash
detectionsoftwarecanbeusedtoidentifyconflictsbetweenmodelelementswithintheBIM.

RecordModeling:Aprocessinwhichamodelcontainsanaccuratedepictionofthephysical
andfunctionalconditionsandenvironmentofafacilityanditsassetsatapointintime.With
thecontinuousupdatingandimprovementoftheRecordModelandthecapabilitytostore
moreinformation,themodelcontainsatruedepictionofspacewithalinktoinformation,such
asserialcodes,warranties,andmaintenancehistoryofallthecomponentsinthebuilding.
Eventually,theRecordModelalsocontainsinformationlinkingprebuildrequirementstoas
builtconditions.ThisallowstheOwnertomonitortheprojectrelativetotheOPR.
4.2.3EnhancedBIMUses
CostEstimating:Aprocessinwhichamodelcanbeusedtogenerateanaccuratequantitytake
offandcostestimateearlyinthedesignprocessandprovidecosteffectsofadditionsand

modifications,withthepotentialtosavetimeandmoneyandavoidbudgetoverruns.This
processalsoallowsdesignerstoseethecosteffectsofdesignmodificationsinatimely
manner.24

Phaseand4DPlanning:Aprocessinwhichafourdimensional(4D)model(amodelwiththe
addeddimensionoftime)isusedtoeffectivelyplanthephasedoccupancyinarenovation,or
toshowtheconstructionsequenceandspacerequirementsforlaydownareasandtemporary
constructiononabuildingsite.4Dmodelingisapowerfulvisualizationandcommunication
toolthatcangiveaProjectBIMTeamabetterunderstandingofprojectmilestonesand
constructionplans.(SeealsoConstructionSystemsDesign).

SiteAnalysisDevelopment:AprocessinwhichBIMandGIStoolsareusedtoevaluate
propertiesinagivenareatodeterminethemostoptimalsitelocationforafutureproject.The
sitedatacollectedisusedtofirstselectthesiteandthenpositionthebuildingbasedonthe
OPR.

SiteUtilizationForConstruction:(SeePhaseand4DPlanning).

DigitalFabrication:Aprocessthatusesmachinetechnologytoprefabricateobjectsdirectly
fromamodel.Themodelisusedasinputintomanufacturingandfabricationequipmentfor
productionofcomponents,systems,andassemblies.
3DLocationandLayout:Aprocessthatutilizesamodeltolayoutthebuildingassembliesand
produceliftdrawings,whicharethetwodimensional(2D)/threedimensional(3D)component
drawingsusedbyforepersonsduringsiteconstruction.
EngineeringAnalysis:Theintegratedand/orinteroperabletoolsthatallowtheuseofthe
physicalandmaterialpropertiesofprojectelements,assemblies,andsystemswithinthemodel
forengineeringanalysis,simulation,anddocumentation.Examplesincludestructural
engineering,energyanalysis,daylighting,HVAC,plumbing,fireprotection,lifesafety,and
electricalsystemsdesignanddocumentation.

SustainabilityAnalysis:Theintegratedand/orinteroperabletoolsthatallowtheuseofthe
physicalandmaterialpropertiesofbuildingelements,assemblies,andsystemswithinthe
modelfordevelopingsustainabledesignelements.Examplesincludedocumentingsustainable
featuresandattributesanddocumentingsustainablefeaturesforcompliancewithbuilding
ratingsystems.
CodesandStandardsCompliance:Aprocessinwhichvalidationsoftwareisusedtocheckthe
modelparametersagainstapplicablecodesandstandards.Codeandstandardvalidationis
currentlyinitsinfantstageofdevelopmentwithintheUnitedStatesandisnotinwidespread
use.However,asmodelcheckingtoolscontinuetodevelopcodeandstandardcompliance
softwarewithmorecodesandstandards,validationshouldbecomemoreprevalentwithinthe

designindustry.Examplesmayincludebuildingcodecompliance,energycodecompliance,
accessibilitycompliance,etc.

ConstructionSystemsDesign:Aprocesstodesignandanalyzethecontemporarysystems(e.g.
formwork,glazing,tiebacks,etc.).
4.2.4OwnerRelatedBIMUses
AssetManagement:AprocessinwhichprojectdataislinkedtoaRecordModeltoaidinthe
maintenanceandoperationofafacilityanditsassets.Theseassets,consistingofthephysical
building,systems,surroundingenvironment,andequipment,mustbemaintained,upgraded,
andoperatedatanefficiencythatwillsatisfyboththeOwnerandusersinthemostcost
effectivemanner.

DisasterPlanningandManagement:Aprocessinwhichemergencyrespondershaveaccessto
criticalbuildinginformationintheformofamodelandinformationsystem.TheBIMprovides
criticalbuildinginformationtotheresponderstoimprovetheefficiencyoftheresponseand
minimizethesafetyrisks.Thedynamic(realtime)buildinginformationcouldbeprovidedby
buildingautomationsystems(BAS),lifesafety(firealarmandfireprotection),andsecurity
systems,whilethestaticbuildinginformation,suchasgeometry,floorplans,pointsofegress
andaccess,andequipmentschematics,resideinamodel.Thesesystemsareintegratedand
madeinteroperablesothatemergencyresponderscanlinktoanoverallsystem.TheBIM
coupledwiththeBAS,lifesafety,andsecuritysystemsclearlydisplayswheretheemergency
islocatedwithinthebuilding,possibleroutestothearea,andanypotentiallyhazardous
locationswithinthebuilding.

SpaceManagement:AprocessinwhichBIMisusedtoeffectivelydistribute,manage,andtrack
appropriatespacesandrelatedresourceswithinafacility.Amodelallowsthefacility
managementteamtoanalyzetheexistinguseofthespaceandeffectivelyapplytransition
planningmanagementtowardsanyapplicablechanges.Maintenanceschedulingisaprocessin
whichthefunctionalityofthebuildingstructure(walls,floors,roof,etc.).andequipment
servingthebuilding(mechanical,electrical,plumbing,etc.)aremaintainedovertheoperational
lifeofafacility.
4.3ModelDeliverables
Theprojectexecutionplanshouldclearlydefinethedeliverablesthataretobetransmittedtothe
owneratthecompletionofconstruction.Thesedeliverablesmayincludeadesignintentmodelin
bothnativeandopenstandardformat;aconstructionmodel;andoperationsandmaintenancedata
(seeFigure3).Themodelcontentforeachofthesedeliverablesshouldbeclearlydefinedwithinthe
contractdocumentsforeachresponsibleparty,aswellasintheBIMPxP.Thefollowingsections
provideadescriptionofeachdeliverable.

DesignIntentModel:TheModel(s)fromthedesignteamthatcapturestheintendeddesign.This
modelisusedforprojectBIMUseexecution,digitaldesignmockups,decisionsupport,and
coordination.TheapprovedmodelisacontractdocumentforsubmissiontotheOwnerandfor
constructionhandover.
ConstructionModel:TheModel(s)basedoncriteriathatrelatesthefacilitysfabricationand
construction.ThesemodelsaredevelopedfromtheDesignIntentModelduringconstruction
coordination.Thefilesaretypicallycombinedusingacrossplatform3Dmodelviewingsoftwareto
accommodatesubcontractorfileformatsandahigherLOD.Thisnewinformationisreviewedbythe
designteamforapproval.
AsBuiltModel:TheModel(s)capturingconditionsatthecompletionofconstruction.Itshouldbe
initiallybasedupontheDesignIntentModelandincreasinglyincorporatesprojectinformationas
constructionprogresses.
RecordModel:TheModel(s)preparedforoperationsandmaintenance.TypicallytheDesignIntent
Modelisusedasabaselineandthenisupdatedtoincorporateallthechangesduringconstruction.
Thisisintendedtobealightweightmodelwithenoughdetailtoenablefacilitiesmanagement
operationswithoutoverlydetailedelements.Thismodelmayalsoincludelaserscandata.TheRecord
Modelwillcontainaccurateattributedataonmajorequipmentandsystemsforfacilitiesmanagement
documentedintheBIMPxP.TheRecordModeltypicallyisupdatedbythedesignerfrominformation
providedbythecontractor(e.g.,digitalmarkups,photography,andlaserscans).Itmaybeused
duringcommissioningorupdatedtoreflectcommissioningdata.
OperationsandMaintenanceData:Thisdeliverableincludesassetinventorywithassetname,
classification,andlocation.Ownersshouldconsideroperationsandmaintenancedatadeliverablesto
includeattributessuchasmake,model,andserialnumberofkeycomponents.Construction
OperationsBuildinginformationexchange(COBie),isanexampleoffacilitiesdataexchange(as
referencedinNBIMSUSV3,Section4.2.)
TheProjectBIMTeamshouldprovidedeliverablesincompliancewiththephasesdescribedintheBIM
PxP.Ateachphase,theProjectBIMTeamshouldprovideawrittenreportconfirmingthatconsistency
checks,asidentifiedintheQualityManagementsectionoftheBIMPxP,havebeencompleted.This
reportshouldbediscussedaspartofthereviewprocessandshouldaddressanyidentified
interferencesandconstructabilityissues.
TheProjectBIMTeamshouldprovidetheOwnerwiththefollowing,asidentifiedintheBIMPxP:
UpdatedBIMPxP
2DdrawingdeliverablesprinteddirectlyfromthemodelinPDFformat.Documentsaretobe
stampedandsignedintraditionalpracticetocomplywiththeOwnerDesignandConstruction
Standardandlocalpermittingrequests.
ConstructionModel(s)perdiscipline

A3Dinteractivereviewformatofthemodelinthelatestversionofsoftware,asrequiredin
theBIMPxP.Thefileformatforreviewscanchangebetweensubmittals.
ConstructionSubmittals.Allconstructionsubmittals,requestsforinterpretation(RFIs),and
changeorderrequests(CORs)shouldmakeuseofthemodelforclearinterpretations.
Recordmodel(s)
Areportgeneratedfromthemodelofallassetsandattributes
Areportverifyingthemodel/modelingcompliancewithOwnerProjectDataexchange
requirements
Areportverifyingtheaccuracyofthedeliveredmodelelementsandassetattributes
Aninterference(clashdetection)checkreport
Alistofallsubmittedfiles.Thelistshouldincludeadescription,directory,andfilenamefor
eachfilesubmitted.Identifyfilesthathavebeenproducedfromthesubmittedmodeland
ProjectData.
TheBIMPxPshoulddefineadditionalmodeldeliverablesfortheproject.Deliverabledeadlinesshould
bealignedwithprojectmilestones,forexample:
SchematicDesign
DetailedDesign
ConstructionDocuments
Bid/Procure
Contract
NoticetoProceed
Construction
SubstantialCompletion
Commissioning
FinalInspection
Occupancy/OperationsandMaintenance
10MonthWarrantyReview


5. GLOSSARY
(Pleasenotethatreferencestomodelandanyrelatedrequirementsrefertoindividualmodels,such
asaparticulardiscipline/trademodel,aswellastocompositeorfederatedmodels.)
AsBuiltModel:Themodel(s)capturingconditionsatthecompletionofconstruction.Itshouldbe
initiallybasedupontheDesignIntentModelandincreasinglyincorporatesinformationasconstruction
progresses.
Attributes:descriptorsthatrepresentthecharacteristicsofelements(e.g.,name,length,weight,price,
manufacturer,model,warrantyinformation,etc.)
BIMElementMatrix:Astructurethatdefinestheelementstobemodeledforeachphaseofthedesign
andconstructionprocess.
BIMProjectExecutionPlan(PxP):AplanthatdefineshowBIMwillbeimplementedthroughoutthe
projectlifecycle.
BIMUse:AmethodofapplyingBuildingInformationModelingduringafacility'slifecycletoachieve
oneormorespecificobjectives,asdefinedbyKreider,R.,andMessner,J.I.TheUsesofBIM(2013).
PennsylvaniaStateUniversity,UniversityPark,PA.http://bim.psu.edu
BuildingInformationModel(BIM)/Model,asdefinedintheNationalBIMStandardUnitedStates
Version3:Thedigitalrepresentationofphysicalandfunctionalcharacteristicsofafacility.Assuchit
servesasasharedknowledgeresourceforinformationaboutafacility,formingareliablebasisfor
decisionsduringitslifecyclefrominceptiononwards.
ConstructionModel:Themodel(s)basedoncriteriathatrelatesthefacilitysconstruction.
ConstructionOperationsBuildinginformationexchange(COBie),asdefinedintheNationalBIM
StandardUnitedStatesVersion3:Theformatfortheexchangeofinformationaboutbuildingassets
suchasequipment,products,materials,andspaces.

DataSecurityProtocol(DSP):Adefinitionofthesecurityrequirementsfordatatobeimplementedfor
theprojectandincorporatedintotheBIMPxP.
DesignIntentModel:Themodel(s)fromthedesignteamthatcapturestheintendeddesign.

IndustryFoundationClass(IFC):TheIndustryFoundationClass(IFC)isadatastandard(specification)
maintainedbybuildingSMARTInternationalandacceptedasISOStandard16739.Itisintendedto
allowtheexchangeofbuildingandconstructionindustrydatabetweensoftwareapplications.Itisa
platformneutral,openfileformatspecificationthatisnotcontrolledbyasinglevendororgroupof
vendors.
LevelofDevelopment(LOD)(asdefinedtheBimForumwebsite,November2015):Thedegreetowhich
theelementsgeometryandattachedinformationhavebeenthoughtthroughthedegreetowhich
ProjectBIMTeammembersmayrelyontheinformationwhenusingthemodel.
Model:SeeBuildingInformationModel.
ModelElement:Aportionofthemodel(s)representingamajorcomponent,assembly,orconstruction
entity(part)which,initselforincombinationwithotherparts,fulfillsapredominatingfunctionofa
constructionentity.
ModelElementAuthor(MEA):Thepartyresponsibleforcreatingorupdatinganygivenmodel
element.
ModelViewDefinition(MVD):AnIFCViewDefinition,orModelViewDefinition,MVD,definesa
subsetoftheIFCschemathatisneededtosatisfyoneormanyexchangerequirementsofthebuilding
industry.ThemethodusedandpropagatedbybuildingSMARTtodefinesuchExchangeRequirements
istheInformationDeliveryManual,IDM(alsoISO/DIS29481).AnIFCModelViewDefinitiondefinesa
legalsubsetoftheIFCSchema(beingcomplete)andprovidesimplementationguidance(or
implementationagreements)fortheIFCconcepts(classes,attributes,relationships,propertysets,
quantitydefinitions,etc.)usedwithinthissubset.
OmniClass:Aclassificationsystemfortheconstructionindustry.
Owner:Personorentitythatrepresentsandcontrolsfinancialinterestsofaproperty,building,or
development.
OwnersPerformanceRequirements(OPR):TheOwner'swrittendocumentationofthefunctional
requirementsofthebuildingandexpectationsofhowitwillbeusedandoperated.Theyinclude
projectanddesigngoals,budgets,limitations,andschedules.

OrganizationalStandards:StandardsuniquetoeveryOwnerandincludetheOwner'swrittenpolicies,
procedures,andprocesses.TheOwnerisencouraged,whencreatinganyOrganizationalStandardsthatwill
beusedaspartofthecontractlanguage,PxPs,andOPRs,todocumenttheminwriting,especiallywhenit
comestoexpectedoutcomesanddeliverables.
PrimaryStandards:Standardswrittentypicallybylocal,national,andinternationalorganizationsand
industrygroupsbyconsentorconsensusthatestablishminimumlevelsofperformanceandqualityandare
usedforcomparativeevaluationandverificationofcompliance.PrimaryStandardsareoftenadoptedbyan
agency,organization,industry,orgovernmentbody.
ProjectData:Projectdataisthewrittenandgraphicalinformationusedtoplan,design,constructand
operatethebuilding.ItshouldincludeModelfiles(BIM,CAD);drawingfiles(CAD,electronicsheetssuchas
PDFs,and/orplotfiles);electronicmanuals;tabular/textualinformationderivedfromBIM(e.g.,
spreadsheets);andreferencefilesnecessarytosupplementotherprojectdata.
ProjectLifeCycle:Thefulldevelopmentofabuildingprojectfromconceptiontodemolition,includingfour
phases(Planning,Design,Construction,andOperations).
ProjectQualityManagement:asubsetofprojectmanagementthatincludestheactionsrequiredtoensure
thattheprojectwillsatisfytheneedsforwhichitwasundertaken.Itconsistsofqualityplanning,quality
assurance,andqualitycontrol.
ProjectBIMTeam:typicalmembersincludetheOwner,architect,engineers,contractors,subcontractors,
andotherstakeholders.TheProjectBIMTeammemberscanvarybyphase;stakeholdersorparticipants
willbeintroducedtoandleavetheProjectBIMTeamastheprojectprogressesthroughitslifecycle.
RecordModel:Themodel(s)preparedforOperationsandMaintenance.TypicallytheDesignIntentModel
isusedasabaselineandthenisupdatedtoincorporateallthechangesduringconstruction.Thisis
intendedtobealightweightmodelwithenoughdetailtoenablefacilitiesmanagementoperationswithout
overlydetailedelements.

ReferenceStandards:StandardsincludedbyreferenceinOrganizationalStandards,PrimaryStandards,and
ContractDocumentsandcarrythefullforceandeffectoftheirrequirementsasiftheirentiretexthadbeen
replicatedinfullwherereferenced.CareshouldbetakenwhenincludingReferenceStandardsinan
OrganizationalStandard,PrimaryStandard,orContractDocumenttobespecificwhethercompliancewith
theentireReferenceStandardisrequiredorwhetheronlycompliancewithcertainportionsofthe
ReferenceStandardisrequired.ReferenceStandardsnotonlyreduceaprimarydocument'ssize,butalso
improveaprimarydocumentsusefulnessandeffectivenessbyrelyingonotherstandardsdevelopment
organizationswithbettersuitedexpertiseonparticularsubjects.

6. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
TheAmericanInstituteofArchitects,AIADocumentG2022013,ProjectBuilding
InformationProtocolForm(2013).
http://www.aia.org/aiaucmp/groups/aia/documents/pdf/aiab099086.pdf

buildingSMARTInternational,IFC4DesignTransferView.http://www.buildingsmart
tech.org/specifications/ifcviewdefinition/ifc4designtransferview

buildingSMARTInternational,IFC4Reference.www.buildingsmarttech.org/specifications/ifc
viewdefinition/ifc4referenceview

ConstructionPDFCoalition,GuidelineforConstructionPDFDocuments(August2014).
http://cpcoalition.com/guidelines/

ComputerIntegratedConstructionResearchProgram.BIMProjectExecutionPlanningGuide
Version2.1.PennsylvaniaStateUniversity(2011).http://bim.psu.edu

GreenBuildingXML(gbXML)SchemaInc.,gbXMLVersion6.01(2015)http://www.gbxml.org/
InternationalPropertyMeasurementCoalition,InternationalPropertyMeasurementStandards
(2014),www.ipmsc.org

InternationalStandardOrganization,ISO16739:2013,IndustryFoundationClasses(IFC)fordata
sharingintheconstructionandfacilitymanagementindustries(2013).
http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=51622

InternationalStandardOrganization,ISO190053:DocumentmanagementElectronic
documentfileformatforlongtermpreservationPart3:UseofISO320001withsupportfor
embeddedfiles(PDF/A3)(2012).
http://webstore.ansi.org/RecordDetail.aspx?sku=ISO%2019005
3:2012&source=google&adgroup=iso&gclid=CO7Zwc6X380CFYsmhgodTpIJrw

InternationalStandardOrganization,ISO320001:DocumentmanagementPortable
documentformatPart1:PDF1.7(2008).
1:2008&source=google&adgroup=iso&gclid=CKaGurKY380CFcNahgod0ScCNg

Kreider,R.,andMessner,J.I.TheUsesofBIM(2013).PennsylvaniaStateUniversity,University
Park,PA.http://bim.psu.edu

Levendowski,Brian,WhatIsCivilInformationModeling?CivilInformationModelingblog.
(2013).http://civilinformationmodeling.net/whatiscivilinformationmodeling

McGrawHillConstruction(DodgeData&Analytics)BusinessValueofBIMinNorthAmerica
SmartMarketReport(2012).http://analyticsstore.construction.com/index.php/2012business
valueofbiminnorthamericasmartmarketreport.htm

McGrawHillConstruction(DodgeData&Analytics),TheBusinessValueofBIMforOwners
SmartMarketReport(2014).
http://analyticsstore.construction.com/index.php/smartmarketreports/BIMforOwnersSMR.htm
l?sourcekey=presrel

NationalInstituteofBuildingSciencesbuildingSMARTalliance,NationalBIMStandard
UnitedStatesVersion3(2015).https://www.nationalbimstandard.org/

NationalInstituteofBuildingSciencesbuildingSMARTalliance,UnitedStatesNationalCAD
StandardVersion6(2014).https://www.nationalcadstandard.org/ncs6/

ProjectManagementInstitute,AGuidetotheProjectManagementBodyofKnowledge
(PMBOKGuide)FifthEdition(2013).www.pmi.org.

Tice,John,BullockTiceAssociates(June2016).http://www.bulltice.com/

Tice,John,BullockTiceAssociatesBIMDONERIGHT,aBIMenabled,clientfocuseddelivery
approachandstrategy(2015).http://www.bulltice.com/

UnitedStatesArmyCorpsofEngineers,CAD/BIMTechnologyCenter(2016).
http://www.erdc.usace.army.mil/Media/FactSheets/FactSheetArticle
View/Article/476676/cadbimtechnologycenter/


UnitedStatesArmyCorpsofEngineers,USACEMinimumModelingMatrix(M3),(2013).
(AvailableaspartoftheNationalBIMStandardUnitedStatesVersion3,Section5.8:
PracticalBIMContractRequirements,U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineersBIMContractRequirements
forDesignBuildProjects)https://www.nationalbimstandard.org

UnitedStatesDepartmentofDefenseMilitaryHealthSystem,MHSMinimumBIM
Requirements(MBR)Standards(2014).https://home.facilities.health.mil/bimforthemhs

UnitedStatesDepartmentofVeteransAffairs,VABIMGuide(2010).va.gov/til/bim/BIMguide/

UnitedStatesGeneralServicesAdministration,FederalAcquisitionRegulation(FAR)Part27,
Patents,Data,andCopyrights(June2016).https://www.acquisition.gov/?q=/browse/far/27

UnitedStatesGeneralServicesAdministration,GSABIMGuide02SpatialProgramValidation,
Version2.0(May2015).
http://www.gsa.gov/portal/mediaId/227487/fileName/GSA_BIM_Guide_02_Version_20.action

UnitedStatesGeneralServicesAdministration,3D4DBuildingInformationModelingBIMGuide
series(20072012).http://www.gsa.gov/portal/content/105075

7. CITATIONS
1
Tice,John,BullockTiceAssociatesBIMDONERIGHT,aBIMenabled,clientfocuseddeliveryapproachand
strategy(2015).http://www.bulltice.com/
2
NationalInstituteofBuildingSciencesbuildingSMARTalliance,NationalBIMStandardUnitedStates
Version3(2015).https://www.nationalbimstandard.org/
3
UnitedStatesArmyCorpsofEngineers,USACEMinimumModelingMatrix(M3)(2013).(Availableaspartofthe
NationalBIMStandardUnitedStatesVersion3,Section5.8:PracticalBIMContractRequirements,U.S.Army
CorpsofEngineersBIMContractRequirementsforDesignBuildProjects)https://www.nationalbimstandard.org
4
TheAmericanInstituteofArchitects,AIADocumentG202BuildingInformationProtocolForm(2013).
http://www.aia.org/aiaucmp/groups/aia/documents/pdf/aiab099086.pdf
5
UnitedStatesGeneralServicesAdministration,FederalAcquisitionRegulation(FAR)Part27,Patents,Data,and
Copyrights(June2016).https://www.acquisition.gov/?q=/browse/far/27
6
ComputerIntegratedConstructionResearchProgram.BIMProjectExecutionPlanningGuideVersion2.1.
PennsylvaniaStateUniversity(2011).http://bim.psu.edu
7
buildingSMARTInternational,IFC4Reference(2015).www.buildingsmarttech.org/specifications/ifcview
definition/ifc4referenceview
8
buildingSMARTInternational,IFC4DesignTransferView(2015).http://www.buildingsmart
tech.org/specifications/ifcviewdefinition/ifc4designtransferview
9
InternationalStandardOrganization,ISO16739:2013,IndustryFoundationClasses(IFC)fordatasharinginthe
constructionandfacilitymanagementindustries,(2013).
http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=51622
10
UnitedStatesGeneralServicesAdministration,GSABIMGuide02SpatialProgramValidation,Version2.0
(May2015).http://www.gsa.gov/portal/mediaId/227487/fileName/GSA_BIM_Guide_02_Version_20.action
11
GreenBuildingXML(gbXML)SchemaInc.,gbXMLVersion6.01(2015).http://www.gbxml.org/
12
InternationalPropertyMeasurementStandards(www.ipmsc.org).Referenceshouldmadetobuilding
measurementstandards,suchasIPMS,forconsistencyinthemeasurementoffloorareas.
13
InternationalStandardOrganization,ISO190053:DocumentmanagementElectronicdocumentfileformat
forlongtermpreservationPart3:UseofISO320001withsupportforembeddedfiles(PDF/A3)(2012).
3:2012&source=google&adgroup=iso&gclid=CO7Zwc6X380CFYsmhgodTpIJrw
14
InternationalStandardOrganization,ISO320001:DocumentmanagementPortabledocumentformatPart
1:PDF1.7(2008).http://webstore.ansi.org/RecordDetail.aspx?sku=ISO%2032000
1:2008&source=google&adgroup=iso&gclid=CKaGurKY380CFcNahgod0ScCNg
15
ConstructionPDFCoalition,GuidelineforConstructionPDFDocuments(August2014.
http://cpcoalition.com/guidelines/
16
UnitedStatesArmyCorpsofEngineers,USACEMinimumModelingMatrix(M3)(2013).(Availableaspartof
theNationalBIMStandardUnitedStatesVersion3,Section5.8:PracticalBIMContractRequirements,U.S.
ArmyCorpsofEngineersBIMContractRequirementsforDesignBuildProjects)
https://www.nationalbimstandard.org
17
18
UnitedStatesArmyCorpsofEngineers,USACEMinimumModelingMatrix(M3),(2013).(Availableaspartof
theNationalBIMStandardUnitedStatesVersion3,Section5.8:PracticalBIMContractRequirements,U.S.
ArmyCorpsofEngineersBIMContractRequirementsforDesignBuildProjects)
https://www.nationalbimstandard.org
19
TheAmericanInstituteofArchitects,AIADocumentG2022013,ProjectBuildingInformationProtocolForm
(2013).http://www.aia.org/aiaucmp/groups/aia/documents/pdf/aiab099086.pdf
20
21
22
23
Kreider,R.,andMessner,J.I.TheUsesofBIM(2013).PennsylvaniaStateUniversity,UniversityPark,PA.
http://bim.psu.edu
24
InternationalCostMeasurementStandards(ICMS)(www.icmscoalition.org/).ICMSmayhelptomaximizethe
benefitsofanycostanalysisbyprovidingclarityinthecategorizationofcosts.
National Institute of
BUILDING SCIENCES
1090 Vermont Avenue, NW
Suite 700
Washington, D.C. 20005
(202) 289-7800
www.nibs.org

Natl BIM Guide For Owners

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Natl BIM Guide For Owners

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

National Institute of

National BIM Guide for Owners

NationalBIMGuideforOwners 010317 iii

3. INFRASTRUCTURE AND STANDARDS

You might also like