PHNG GD&T QUN 11

TRNG THCS NGUYN VN PH

BI THU HOCH
CNG TC BI DNG THNG XUYN GIO VIN
NM HC 2014 2015
(MODULE 19)

H v tn gio vin : NGUYN PHNG THO

T chuyn mn : TING ANH
Nhim v c giao : Ging dy Anh Vn
Module 19 : DY HC VI CNG NGH THNG TIN
M m un THCS19 BDTX Nm hc 2014 - 2015

I.T VN

Vai tr, tm quan trng v hiu qu ca ng dng CNTT trong dy hc c chng minh bng thc
tin gio dc trong v ngoi nc nhng nm qua, n cho thy vic ng dng cng ngh thng tin
(CNTT) trong ging dy v hc tp l xu th tt yu ca gio dc. i mi phng php dy hc bng
CNTT l mt ch ln c UNESCO a ra thnh chng trnh ca th k XXI v d on s c s
thay i nn gio dc mt cch cn bn vo u th k XXI do nh hng ca CNTT. Ch th
29/2001/CT-BGD&T ca B trng B Gio dc v o to cng nu r: i vi gio dc v o
to, cng ngh thng tin c tc ng mnh m, lm thay i phng php, phng thc dy v hc. Cng
ngh thng tin l phng tin tin ti mt x hi hc tp.
Trong nhng nm gn y, ng dng cng ngh thng tin trong i mi phng php dy hc v qun l
gio dc khng cn l vn mi m. Chng ta u thy r v khng nh cng ngh thng tin ng vai
tr quan trng trong vic h tr cng tc ging dy, qun l hc sinh. Nhiu n v trng hc cng
trin khai ng dng thnh cng cc chng trnh phn mm phc v gio vin v hc sinh nh qun l
im, dng dy hc, th vin, cc phn mm ng dng cho dy hc cc b mn,... Tuy nhin lm th
no vic ng dng cng ngh thng tin t hiu qu cao ang l vn c ngnh gio dc quan tm.
Ngy 2 thng 8 nm 2012. B Gio dc v o to c cng vn s 4987/BGDT-CNTT v hng
dn vic trin khai nhim v cng ngh thng tin (CNTT) cho nm hc 2012- 2013 bao gm 15 nhim v
trong nhim v th 6 l ng dng CNTT trong i mi phng php dy v hc trong c
ni dung l: y mnh vic ng dng CNTT trong trng ph thng nhm i mi phng php dy v
hc theo hng gio vin t tch hp CNTT vo tng mn hc thay v hc trong mn tin hc. Gio vin
cc b mn ch ng t son v t chn ti liu v phn mm (m ngun m) ging dy ng dng
CNTT (Theo Quyt nh s 698/Q-TTg ngy 01/6/2009 ca Th tng Chnh ph).

Ngy 7-9-2012 S Gio dc v o to TP H Ch Minh khng nh trong vn bn s 2421 /GDT-

TTTT v hng dn thc hin nhim v CNTT nm hc 2012 2013: ng dng cng ngh thng tin v
truyn thng (CNTT&TT - ICT) trong gio dc l mt xu hng tt yu nhm nng cao nng lc qun l
v nng cao hiu qu cng tc dy - hc. i vi thnh ph H Ch Minh, y mnh ng dng
CNTT&TT nhm:
- Nng cao hiu qu hc tp: i mi phng php hc vi s h tr ca CNTT.
- Nng cao hiu qu ging dy: Hiu qu thc cht.
- Nng cao hiu qu qun l: Qun l khoa hc, chnh xc, tit kim thi gian.
- Nng cao hiu qu lnh o : Lnh o chuyn ha.
1
- Nng cao hiu qu thng tin: To nim tin c s v x hi.
Cng ngh thng tin l ngun lc nng cao hiu qu lnh o, dy - hc v thng tin.
ng dng CNTT l p dng nhng thnh tu tin tin nht tng bc gim kh khn, km hiu qu;
nng dn nng sut v cht lng.

II.NI DUNG

1. Cc khi nim c bn
1.1. Thng tin

Thng tin l mt khi nim tru tng m t cc yu t em li hiu bit, nhn thc cho con ngi cng
nh cc sinh vt khc. Thng tin tn ti khch quan, c th c to ra, truyn i, lu tr, chn lc.
Thng tin cng c th b sai lc, mo m do nhiu nguyn nhn khc nhau: b xuyn tc, ct xn Nhng
yu t gy s sai lch thng tin gi l cc yu t nhiu.

Thng tin c th tn ti di nhiu dng khc nhau, xut pht t nhiu ngun khc nhau. Ngi ta c
th nh lng tin tc bng cch o bt nh ca hnh vi, trng thi. Xc sut xut hin mt tin cng
thp th bt ng cng ln do lng tin cng cao.

Cht lng ca thng tin thng c nh gi da trn cc phng din ch yu sau:

+ Tnh cn thit
+ Tnh chnh xc
+ tin cy
+ Tnh thi s

Khi tip nhn c thng tin, con ngi thng phi x l n to ra nhng thng tin mi, c ch hn,
t c nhng phn ng nht nh. Trong lnh vc qun l, cc thng tin mi l cc quyt nh qun l.

Vi quan nim ca cng ngh thng tin, thng tin l nhng tn hiu, k hiu mang li hiu bit, nhn
thc ca con ngi. Cc tn hiu th hin thng tin v cng a dng: m thanh, hnh nh, c ch hnh
ng, ch vit, cc tn hiu in t. Thng tin c ghi li trn nhiu phng tin khc nhau nh giy,
da, , bng tin, bng hnh, bng ghi m, a t, a quang Trong cng ngh thng tin, thng tin thng
c ghi ln a t, a quang, chp in t (l t hp cc linh kin in t) Thng tin mun c x l
trn my tnh phi c m ho theo nhng cch thc thng nht my tnh c th c v x l c.
Sau khi x l, thng tin c gii m tr thnh cc tn hiu m con ngi c th nhn thc c.

1.2. Cng ngh thng tin v truyn thng

Cng ngh thng tin, vit tt l CNTT (Information Technology - vit tt l IT) l mt ngnh ng dng
cng ngh vo qun l x hi, x l thng tin. C th hiu CNTT l ngnh s dng my tnh v cc
phng tin truyn thng thu tp, truyn ti, lu tr, bo v, x l, truyn thng tin. Hin nay, c nhiu
cch hiu v CNTT. Vit Nam, khi nim CNTT c hiu v nh ngha trong Ngh quyt 49/CP k
ngy 04/08/1993 v pht trin CNTT ca Chnh ph Vit Nam nh sau: Cng ngh thng tin l tp hp
cc phng php khoa hc, cc phng tin v cng c k thut hin i ch yu l k thut my tnh
v vin thng nhm t chc khai thc v s dng c hiu qu cc ngun ti nguyn thng tin rt phong
ph v tim nng trong mi lnh vc hot ng ca con ngi v x hi.

Truyn thng l s lun chuyn thng tin v hiu bit t ngi ny sang ngi khc bng cc k hiu, tn
hiu c ngha thng qua cc knh truyn tin.
2
 Cng ngh thng tin v truyn thng c tc ng mnh m n s pht trin x hi ni chung v gio
dc ni ring. Cng ngh thng tin v truyn thng v ang to ra mt cuc cch mng thc s trong
kinh t x hi ni chung v gio dc ni ring.

2.Vai tr ca cng ngh thng tin trong dy hc

2.1. Thay i m hnh gio dc

Theo cch tip cn thng tin, ti Hi ngh Paris v GDH trong th k 21 do UNESCO t chc 10/1998
ngi ta c tng kt 3 m hnh gio dc:

M hnh Trung tm Vai tr ngi hc Cng ngh c bn

Truyn thng Ngi dy Th ng Bng/TV/Radio
Thng tin Ngi hc Ch ng PC
Tri thc Nhm Thch nghi PC + mng

Trong cc m hnh nu, m hnh tri thc l m hnh gio dc hin i nht, hnh thnh khi xut hin
thnh tu mi quan trng nht ca CNTT v truyn thng l mng Internet. M hnh mi ny to nn
nhiu s thay i trong gio dc.

2.2. Thay i cht lng gio dc

CNTT c ng dng trong gio dc lm thay i ln v cht lng gio dc do

- CNTT ng dng trong qun l gip cc nh qun l nm bt trng thi ca h thng mt cch nhanh
chng, chnh xc, ng tin cy. Thm na, cc h h tr quyt nh tr gip thm cho cc nh qun l kp
thi ra c cc quyt nh qun l chnh xc, ph hp.

- CNTT ng dng trong dy hc gip cho nh gio nng cao cht lng ging dy, ngi hc nm bi
tt hn, Ngoi ra, internet cng tr gip cho ngi hc trong vic tra cu, tm hiu, cp nht tri thc v t
kim tra bn thn, lm cho cht lng nng cao thm.

- CNTT ng dng trong nh nh gi cht lng gip cho cng tc kim nh c ton din, kt qu
kim nh c khch quan v cng khai.

Thc hin s ch o ca B Gio dc v o to, trong nhng nm qua cc s gio dc ch o cc

trng ng dng cng ngh thng tin trong ging dy v gp phn nng cao cht lng o to

2.3. Thay i hnh thc o to

Cng ngh thng tin v truyn thng pht trin to nn nhng thay i ln v gio dc v o to.
Nhiu hnh thc o to mi xut hin

* o to t xa

* o to trc tuyn: Hc tp trc tuyn (Online Learning) l mt loi hnh hc tp s dng mng my
tnh v internet.

3
 o to trc tuyn (hay cn gi l e-learning) l phng thc hc o thng qua mt my vi tnh ni
mng i vi mt my ch ni khc c lu gi sn gio trnh v phn mm cn thit c th hi/yu
cu/ra cho hc sinh trc tuyn t xa. Hin nay c nhiu quan im, nh ngha khc nhau v E-
learning, cch hiu n gin l: E-learning l mt thut ng dng m t vic hc tp, o to da trn
cng ngh thng tin v truyn thng (Compare Infobase Inc).

Tuy c nhiu cch hiu v e-learning khc nhau, nhng ni chung c nhng im chung sau:

- Da trn cng ngh thng tin v truyn thng. C th hn l cng ngh mng, k thut ha, k thut
m phng, cng ngh tnh ton

- E-learning b sung rt tt cho phng php hc truyn thng do e-learning c tnh tng tc cao da
trn cng ngh multimedia, to iu kin cho ngi hc trao i thng tin d dng hn, cng nh a ra
ni dung hc tp ph hp vi kh nng v s thch ca tng ngi.

- E-learning s tr thnh xu th tt yu trong nn kinh t tri thc. Hin nay, ngoi e-learning, cn c cc
hnh thc o to trc tuyn khc nh m-learning (mobile learning), u-learning (ubiquitous learning)
v ang c nghin cu.

2.4. Thay i phng thc qun l

nng cao hiu qu ng dng cng ngh thng tin trong qun l, B Gio dc v o to c vn
bn hng dn thc hin cng ngh thng tin cho cc s theo tng nm hc, trong ch trng vic ng
dng cng ngh thng tin thay i cng tc qun l.

Trong nhng nm qua, bng nhiu ngun lc khc nhau, c s h tng CNTT ca ngnh Gio dc v
o to tng ln ng k: Hu ht cc trng kt ni internet; nhiu trng THCS c phng tin hc,
th vin in t; t l gio vin mua my tnh, kt ni Internet cng tng ln ng k; mng gio dc kt
ni thnh cng mang li nhiu c hi mi cho gio dc.

3.ng dng cng ngh thng tin trong dy hc

3.1.Trong vn bn ch o, B Gio dc cp vic ng dng CNTT trong i mi phng

php dy v hc nh sau :

a) y mnh vic ng dng CNTT trong trng ph thng nhm i mi phng php dy v hc
theo hng gio vin t tch hp CNTT vo tng mn hc thay v hc trong mn tin hc. Gio vin cc
b mn ch ng t son v t chn ti liu v phn mm (m ngun m) ging dy ng dng
CNTT (Theo Quyt nh s 698/Q-TTg ngy 01/6/2009 ca Th tng Chnh ph).

Cc s GDT ch o, t chc hng dn c th cho gio vin cc mn hc t trin khai vic tch hp,
lng ghp vic s dng cc cng c CNTT vo qu trnh dy cc mn hc ca mnh nhm tng cng
hiu qu dy hc qua cc phng tin nghe nhn, kch thch s sng to v c lp suy ngh, tng cng
kh nng t hc, t tm ti ca ngi hc. V d: Gio vin b mn dy nhc cn t khai thc, trc tip s
dng cc phn mm dy nhc ph hp vi ni dung v phng php ca mn nhc, khng s dng gio
vin tin hc son chng trnh dy nhc thay cho gio vin dy nhc. Gio vin mn vn c th tch hp
dy phng php trnh by vn bn. Tng t nh vy vi cc mn hc khc;

b) Cc gio vin cn tch cc, ch ng tham kho v s dng cc phn mm ng dng tch hp vo cc
mn hc trn website http://edu.net.vn cng chia s kinh nghim, trao i hc tp;
4
 c) Khuyn khch gio vin ch ng t son gio n, bi ging v ti liu ging dy ng dng CNTT
trong cc mn hc;

d) Khng dng thut ng gio n in t cho cc bi trnh chiu powerpoint. Tham kho mu gio n
c a ln mng gio dc.
3.2.ng dng CNTT trong dy v hc l vic ng dng nhng thnh tu ca CNTT mt cch ph
hp v hiu qu nhm nng cao cht lng dy v hc. Nh vy, ng dng CNTT trong ging dy v hc
tp khng ch c hiu theo ngha n gin l dng my tnh vo cc cng vic nh bin son ri trnh
chiu bi ging in t trn lp. ng dng CNTT phi c hiu l mt gii php trong mi hot ng
lin quan n o to; lin quan n cng vic ca ngi lm cng tc gio dc; lin quan n hot ng
nghin cu, son ging; lu tr, tm kim, trao i, chia s kinh nghim v ti nguyn hc tp V cao
hn, vi E-Learning, hot ng dy v hc ngy nay c din ra mi lc, mi ni. Trn lp, nh, ngay
ti gc hc tp ca mnh hc sinh vn c th nghe thy c ging, vn c giao bi v c hng dn
lm bi tp, vn c th np bi v trnh by kin ca mnh
Nhn thc c iu , vic ng dng CNTT nhm i mi phng php dy v hc theo hng pht
huy tnh tch cc hc tp ca hc sinh, nng cao cht lng gio dc, c trin khai mt cch y v
thit thc nht. Mt s hot ng in hnh v ng dng CNTT trong dy hc c gio vin thc hin
thnh cng v mang li hiu qu cao nh:

-Tra cu thng tin phc v cng tc nghin cu, nng cao kin thc chuyn mn v ly t liu h tr son
ging;

-S dng cc phn mm h tr son ging to bi ging in t nh MS Powerpoint, Violet, iSpring

Presenter v cc phn mm dng phim, nhc

-S dng cc phn mm h tr lm thi/kim tra v nh gi kt qu hc tp ca hc sinh nh McMix,

Quest, MS Excel

-S dng din n, email nh mt phng tin giao lu, trao i kinh nghim vi gio vin cc trng
bn trong c nc.

-Trin khai cc tit hc c ng dng CNTT, c s dng bi ging in t. Nh trng cng t chc ghi
hnh d gi tp th (ghi hnh tit dy sau t chc chiu li GV d gi, phn tch, gp xy dng
bi).
3.3.Tuy nhin, chng ta cng cn xc nh r rng: CNTT ch l phng tin to thun li cho trin
khai phng php dy hc tch cc ch khng phi l iu kin ca phng php ny. Khng lm
dng cng ngh nu chng khng tc ng tch cc n qu trnh dy hc. mt gi hc c ng dng
CNTT l mt gi hc pht huy tnh tch cc ca hc sinh th iu kin tin quyt l vic khai thc CNTT
phi m bo cc yu cu v tnh c trng ca phng php dy hc tch cc m gio vin s dng. Cn
trnh vic dng slide trnh chiu ch thay vic vit bng m li coi l tit dy ng dng CNTT (cn
phn bit th no l gio n in t, bn trnh chiu, bi ging in t hay bi ging in t theo chun E-
Learning).

3.4.S dng thnh tho din n, email, mng x hi Xy dng website nh trng ngy mt
hu ch v c nhiu ngi bit n, tr thnh cu ni hiu qu vi gia nh hc sinh cng nh cc n
v bn. Cng qua , gio vin v cc t chc on th c th thm nm c tm t nguyn vng ca
hc sinh, cha m hc sinh, nhm kt hp gio dc t hiu qu cao nht

5
 3.5. Mt s ng dng CNTT c th trong dy hc

3.5.1. ng dng trong son tho gio n

Mt trong nhng ng dng ca cng ngh thng tin trong dy hc l son tho gio n bng MS Office
hay OpenOffice

Ngoi ra, ty theo c th mn hc gio vin c th bit mt s phn mm b tr:

- Cc phn mm h tr gio n mn Ton: Mathcad, Sketpad, Latex, MATHEMATICA v3.0 , GeoGebra,

AUTO GRAPH,Cabri, MatLAB . . .

- Phn mm h tr son tho gio n mn L, Ha, Sinh: Novoasoft Science Word 6.0, CHEM LAB 2.0,
b Crocodile

- NetOp School h tr mng .

-Cc loi t in, phn mm hc ting Anh, Ting Php

-Son tho bn trnh chiu in t thng dng v n gin nht hin nay m gio vin thng dng l MS
PowerPoint,OpenOffice Impress , Mindjet MindManager, FreeMind hay mt s phn mm sau:
- Adobe Photoshop

- Macromedia Flash

- Violet

- Adobe Pressenter, Lecture Maker son bi ging in t theo chun E-Learning

Nhn thc c tm quan trng v hiu qu nh ng dng CNTT mang li, mt s trng, s gio dc
v o to yu cu, ng vin, khuyn khch gio vin son gio n bng my vi tnh, s dng bn
trnh chiu in t trong dy hc, iu m cch y cha lu c xem l khng cho php.

3.5.2. ng dng trong thc hin bi ging

Mt trong cc yu t i mi phng php dy hc v nng cao cht lng dy hc l phng tin

dy hc qua vic s dng nhng phng tin dy hc hin i: My chiu projector, smart board (bng
thng minh), mng ni b, cc phn mm dy hc, cc trang web

3.5.3. ng dng trong khai thc d liu

Trong thi i Cng ngh thng tin pht trin mnh hin nay, thng tin trn internet tr thnh mt
kho ti nguyn tri thc v tn, v mi lnh vc i vi mi ngi nu bit cch khai thc n.

khai thc c cc thng tin trn Internet, ta phi s dng cc cng c tm kim: google,
search.netnam, vinaseek, socbay, i vi gio vin, ngoi vic tm kim cc thng tin trn internet
thng thng, cn bit khai thc t cc ngun t in m, th vin bi ging

T in m:

- Bch khoa ton th m (www.wikipedia.org)

6
- Bch khoa ton th m ting Vit: http://vi.wikipedia.org/

- T in ting vit m : http://www.informatik.uni-lepzi.de/~duc/Dict/

- T in Anh-Php-Vit-Hn: http://vdict.com/

Th vin bi ging: Th vin bi ging c pht trin da trn tng ca vic xy dng hc liu m
(OpenCourseWare). Chng hn nh th vin bi ging in t Violet: http://baigiang.violet.vn/

Nh chng ta bit, to c mt bi ging in t tt, gio vin cn rt nhiu k nng: Son tho
vn bn, ha, quay phim, chp nh, bin tp video, lng tingnhng khng phi gio vin no cng
c th thc hin c. V vy, gio vin cn bit khai thc thng tin trn Internet t cc a ch Websites/
forums hay khai thc ngn hng gio n in t ca S Gio dc TP HCM tng xy dng t vic tp
hp v ng gp ca tt c cc qun huyn , hoc kho t liu ca Website B Gio dc tm kim cc t
liu phc v cho bi ging ca mnh.

3.5.4. ng dng trong nh gi

Ngy nay, cng ngh thng tin c ng dng nhiu trong cng tc nh gi ni chung v nh gi hc
sinh, cn b ni ring nh nhng li th ca n v lu tr, thng k, tnh ton, sp xp, lc d liu

Nh cng ngh thng tin m hc sinh c th t nh gi kin thc ca mnh bng cc phn mm trc
nghim t t b sung, hon thin kin thc.

Gio vin, nh trng nh gi kt qu hc tp ca hc sinh mt cch chnh xc, khch quan hn khi t
chc thi, kim tra bng my tnh.

3.5.5. ng dng trong hc tp ca hc sinh

Gio dc ang thay i mt cch mnh m, nhiu phng php, quan im dy hc mi ra i, hng ti
mc tiu dy t, hc nhiu, tng tnh ch ng, kh nng t hc ca ngi hc di nhiu hnh thc:
- Tm kim, tra cu ti liu hc tp trn mng internet.

- Tham gia cc lp hc qua mng.

- T nh gi kin thc ca mnh bng cc phn mm trc nghim.

- Chia s thng tin vi gio vin, bn b qua cc din n.

- Tham gia cc cuc thi trc tuyn (online).

7
 3.6 MT S CH KHI A NG DNG CNTT VO BI GiNG

- Gio vin cn cn nhc v la chn k cc tit dy c hoc khng s dng cng ngh thng tin sao
cho pht huy c mt cch ti a hiu qu v m bo mc tit bi hc
-Khng lm dng cc hiu ng trnh chiu phc tp, nhiu hiu ng trnh chiu khc nhau trong
mt slide

-Cng vi cc hiu ng, gio vin cng nn chn nhng hnh nn n gin, sng v ph hp vi
bi dy th hin ni dung mt cch r rng
-La chn cc cu ch ngn gn, sc tch v tng minh, th hin r ni dung chiu ln mn
hnh

- Trnh lm dng cc t liu vo bi ging, bin tit hc thnh bui xem tranh nh,phim t liu
-Nn kt hp cng c trnh chiu vi ghi bng

-Trnh lm dng cc t liu vo bi ging, bin tit hc thnh bui xem tranh nh, phim t liu
-Nn kt hp cng c trnh chiu vi ghi bng
III.KT LUN

Vic ng dng CNTT vo dy hc gp phn i mi phng php dy hc l mt cng vic kh

khn, lu di, i hi rt nhiu iu kin v c s vt cht v nng lc ca i ng gio vin. Do ,
y mnh vic ng dng v pht trin CNTT trong dy hc c hiu qu cn c s quan tm u t v c
s vt cht ca cc cp, s ch o ng b ca ngnh ca mi nh trng v c bit l s n lc hc
hi, rt kinh nghim ca bn thn mi gio vin.
Chng ta u nhn thc r vai tr ca CNTT trong mi lnh vc ca cuc sng v hn ai ht chng
ta cng nhn thc r li ch ca vic ng dng CNTT trong ging dy v hc tp. V pha lnh o cc
cp cng c bit quan tm v c nhiu vn bn hng dn vic ng dng CNTT trong ngnh. C s
h tng v CNTT trong trng hc dn c u t p ng c vic ng dng CNTT v cng tc
dy v hc ca cc trng. l iu kin thun li y mnh vic ng dng CNTT trong trng
THCS. V vy, ng dng thnh cng hay khng, c mang li li ch nh mong mun hay khng ch cn l
s quyt tm v phng php t chc ca trng bn cnh s n lc ca tng Gio vin.