juvenile delinquency

Nama : Yurida Ananda Aprillia

Kelas : XI IPS 2

MADRASAH ALIYAH NEGERI NEGARA

TAHUN PELAJARAN 2016/2017
 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background
Adolescent is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood. A teenager is no longer can
be said as a child , but she is still not mature enough to be considered an adult . He was
looking for the most appropriate lifestyle for him and even this is often done through trial and
error method through a lot of mistakes though . Errors that do often cause anxiety and
unpleasant feelings for the environment , his parents . The mistake would be nice teens only
peers. This is because they all are both still in search of an identity . The errors that cause
resentment environment is often referred to as juvenile delinquency .
Teenagers are the future assets of a nation . In addition to the matters encouraging youth
activities at the time lately and coaching are conducted by student organizations and
students , we see also the current moral decadence among the most increasingly plagued our
youth , more known as juvenile delinquency . In the newspaper newspapers often we read the
news about the fighting students, the spread of narcotics , use of drugs , liquor , Snatcher
done by children was a teenager , growing cases of pregnancy among young women and so
forth .
It is a problem faced by people who are now increasingly widespread , therefore the problem
of juvenile delinquency should get serious attention and focus to steer teens toward a more
positive , the EAM for the creation of a system in addressing delinquency among adolescents
1.2 Problem Formulation
Based on the above background , the authors formulate the problem will be discussed in this
paper as follows :
1 . Is it juvenile ?
2 . What are the causes of juvenile delinquency ?
3 . How to tackle solution juvenile delinquency ?
1.3 Objectives
The objective of this paper is to give the student an understanding of juvenile delinquency ,
causes and solutions .
1.4 Benefits
1 . To understand the definition of juvenile delinquency .
2 . to determine the factors that cause juvenile delinquency .
3 . to find out the solution in addressing juvenile delinquency .

CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

2.1 . Understanding Delinquency

Lately in some mass media often we read about the act of crime that occurs in our beloved
country . There are teenagers who slept with his own mother , a fight between students ,
brawls , drug abuse and drinking and much more crime is happening in this country . Moral
corruption is rife at all levels of society , ranging from children to adults and
people who are elderly .
Including those not escape from this moral damages are teenagers . Education experts
agree that teenagers are those aged 13-18 years . At that age , a person is beyond childhood ,
but it is still not mature enough to be considered an adult . He is in transition and the search
for identity , which therefore often perform actions known as juvenile delinquency .
Juvenile delinquency includes all the behaviors that deviate from the norms of criminal law
committed by juveniles . Such behavior would harm himself and those around him . The
problem of juvenile delinquency began to receive public attention in particular since the
establishment of justice for juvenile delinquents ( juvenile court ) in 1899 in Illinois , USA .
Some experts define juvenile delinquency is as follows :
1 . Kartono , scientists sociology
Delinquency or in English known as juvenile delinquency is a social pathological
symptoms in adolescents are caused by a form of social neglect . As a result , they developed
a form of deviant behavior " .
2 . Santrock " Juvenile delinquency is a collection of various adolescent behaviors that are
socially unacceptable criminal acts to occur . "

2.2 . Causes of Juvenile Delinquency

Act of the teenagers who are still in search for identity tarap often disturb the peace of
others. Mild naughtiness that disrupt the tranquility of the surrounding environment such as
frequent nights out and spend time just for rah - rah such as drinking alcohol , using drugs ,
fighting, gambling , and others that would harm himself , family , and others are nearby .
Quite a lot of the background factors in juvenile delinquency . There are various factors that
can be grouped into internal factors and external factors . These are discussed below in brief :
1 . Internal factors
a. identity crisis
Biological and sociological changes in the adolescent self allows for two forms of
integration . First , the formation of a sense of consistency in his life . Second , the role of
identity achievement . Juvenile delinquency occurs because teens fail to reach the second
integration period .
b . Weak self-control
Teenagers who can not learn and distinguish behavior that is acceptable to unacceptable
behavior will be dragged on the ' naughty ' . Likewise for those who already know the
differences in behavior of the two , but could not develop the self-control to act in accordance
with his knowledge .

2 . External factors
a. Lack of attention from parents , as well as the lack of affection
The family is the smallest social unit that provides the primary foundation for the
development of children . While the school environment and help provide the feel of a child's
development . Hence the merits of family structure and surrounding communities provide a
good or bad influence growth of the child's personality .
Family circumstances in which the cause of the onset of juvenile delinquency as a broken -
home family , household mess caused by the death of his father or mother , family conflicts
covered hard , economic disadvantaged families , it is a fertile source for delinkuensi bring
teenagers .
Dr. . Kartini Kartono also argues bahwasannya the root causes of juvenile delinquency ,
among others :
1 . Children get less attention , affection and guidance of parents' education , especially
guidance father , because the father and mother of each busy with his own inner problems
and conflicts
2 . Physical and psychological needs of adolescents are not met , desires and expectations of
the children could not be channeled to satisfy , or do not get compensation
3 . Children never get a physical and mental exercise that is needed to live a normal life , they
are not familiarized with discipline and self - control are well
It is thus the attention and affection of the parents is a powerful impulse in an adolescent
psychiatric in shaping the personality and attitude of adolescent daily . So the attention and
affection of the parents is a factor contributing to the delinquency.
b . The lack of understanding of the religious
In family life , lack of religious guidance is also one of the factors of juvenile
delinquency . In moral development , religion has a very important role because the moral
values that come from religion remains unchanged because the change of time and place .
Moral or religious guidance for young people through the household needs to be done since
childhood according to age because every child is born do not understand what is right and
what is wrong , also do not understand where the boundaries of morality provisions in its
environment . Because the moral development is done at the beginning of households with
training , advice that is deemed good .
So the moral development should start from the parents through a good example of things
that lead to positive actions , because what is obtained in the household will be taken to the
teen community. Hence religious and moral guidance within the family is important for
teenagers to save them from delinquency and a way to prepare for the next day future
generations , because errors in moral development would have a negative impact on the
adolescents themselves .
Understanding of religion should be done as a child , namely through both parents by
providing guidance on moral and religious guidance , so that later after they both teenagers
can sort out the bad deeds they want to do something on every day .
Condition of society today that has resulted in so exalt science and moral rules deontology
that were held by the ancients be left behind. In a society that has too much of the religious ,
moral decline adults are already common place . Moral decline , behavior and actions -
actions which are not adults either an example or role model for children and adolescents that
affect the incidence of juvenile delinquency .

c . The influence of the surrounding environment ,

The influence of western culture and interaction with their peers who are often influenced
to try and ended up falling into it
Environment is the factor that most influences adolescent behavior and character . If he is
alive and thriving in a bad neighborhood , his moral will as it is. Conversely, if he is in a good
neighborhood then it would be good also .
In the life of society , teenagers often do mischief and disturbing the public tranquility ,
influenced by western culture or socially with their peers often influence to try . As we know
that teenagers are generally very pleased with the new lifestyle without seeing negative factor
, since the notion outdated if not followed .
d . place of education
The place of education , in this case more specifically, is the form of educational institution
or school . Juvenile delinquency is often the case when children are in school and school
hours are empty . More recently we have seen even in the presence of media violence that
occurs among students in their own schools . This is evidence that the school is also
responsible for delinquency and moral decadence that occurred in this country .

Consequences caused by juvenile delinquency , among others :

1 . For adolescents themselves
As a result of delinquency committed by juveniles will have an impact for himself and is
very detrimental to both physical and mental , even though the act was to provide a pleasure
but it was all just a moment's pleasure . The impact on the physical that is often attacked by
various diseases due to irregular lifestyle . While the impact on the mental namely juvenile
delinquency would take him to a mental - mental soft , unstable thinking and personality will
continue to diverge in terms of morale , which in turn would violate the rules of ethics and
aesthetics . And that it continued during the teen did not have people to guide and direct .

2 . for families
Child is the successor to the family that will be able to be the backbone of the family when
the parents are no longer able to work . When teenagers behave as children in families deviate
from the teachings of religion , disharmony will result in the breakup kekuarga and
communication between parents and children . Surely this is not good because it can lead to
teenagers often out at night and rarely go home and spend time with her friends to have fun
with street drinking or taking drugs . In the end the family will feel embarrassed and
disappointed over what has been done by teenagers . Though all of them do teenagers just to
vent frustration over what happens in the family .

3 . For communities
When teenagers make mistakes in public life , the impact will be bad for him and his
family . Communities will assume that the teenager was the type that often create confusion ,
drunkenness or disturbing public tranquility . They are considered members of the public who
have damaged morale , and perceptions about the attitude of the adolescent may suffer . To
change everything back to normal takes a long time and a heart full of sincerity .
2.3 . Delinquency Solutions
Of the various factors and problems that occur among today's youth as already mentioned
above , then of course there are some appropriate solutions in the development and
improvement of today's youth . Juvenile delinquency in whatever form has negative
consequences for both the community and the adolescent self itself. Juvenile delinquency
prevention actions can be divided into :
1 . Preventive Measures
Delinquency prevention efforts in general can be done through the following ways :
1 . Know and understand the general characteristics and typical teenager
2 . Knowing the difficulties that are commonly experienced by teenagers . The difficulties
which are usually the cause of the onset of impingement in the form of delinquency .

Adolescent development efforts can be made via :

1 . Bracing adolescent mental attitude to be able to resolve the problems it faces .
2 . Provide education not only in the addition of knowledge and skills but the mental and
private education through the teaching of religion , manners and etiquette .
3 . Providing the means and create an atmosphere that is optimal for the development of a
reasonable person .
4 . Give advice in general in the hope useful .
5 . Strengthen motivation or encouragement to behave well and stimulate good social
relations .
6 . Held a discussion group with the opportunity express the views and opinions of the teens
and provide positive guidance .
7 . Improve the state of the environment , family and community social circumstances in
which a lot happens juvenile delinquency .
As noted above , that the family also has a personal stake in shaping a teenager . So to start
the repair , it must start from yourself and family . Begin repair of the simplest gesture , like
always tell the truth even in jest , reading prayers each doing small things , provide religious
guidance to both the child and there is still much more to be done by the family . It is not easy
to do and form good family , but all that could be done with the slow and patient coaching .
With the development effort is directed, the teenagers will develop themselves so well that a
harmonious balance between the self and the emotional aspects of the aspect ratio will be
achieved . A healthy mind will lead teens to act proper , courteous and responsible are
required in resolving difficulties or problems respectively .
Delinquency prevention efforts specifically done by educators against the juvenile behavior
disorders . Mental education in schools conducted by teachers , guidance counselor and
school psychologist along with other educators . Efforts should be directed towards educators
by observing adolescents , giving special attention and checking of every teenager 's behavior
at home and at school .
Schools are institutions of formal education has a strong influence on adolescent
development . There are many things you can do to start repair school teens , including
program of " monitoring " coaching teenagers through religious activities , extracurricular
activities in schools and the implementation of a variety of positive activities for teenagers .

Providing guidance to the adolescent teenager aimed at gaining understanding about :

1 . Introduction of yourself: assess yourself and relationships with others .
2 . Adjustment : recognize and accept the demands and adapt to these demands .
3 . Orientation self : steer adolescents toward personal self- limitation between personal and
social attitudes with an emphasis on awareness of social values , morals and ethics .

Tutoring is done on adolescents conducted by two approaches :

1 . Direct approach , ie the guidance given personally to the adolescents themselves . Through
conversations reveal the teen and help overcome difficulties .
2 . Approach through the group , where he was a member of a collection or a small group :
3.
2 . Repressive actions
Businesses cracking violation of social norms and morals can be done by holding penalties
against any act of infringement . With the strict punishment of the juvenile offender , the
offender will be expected that the " deterrent " and not do things that deviate again .
Therefore , follow-up should be enforced through criminal or direct punishment for those
who commit crimes indiscriminately .

For example , a teenager must obey the rules and procedures that apply in the family .
Besides, there needs to be some sort of punishment for violations made by the parents rules
and procedures for the family . Implementation of the order must be done consistently . Any
violation of the same shall be subjected to the same penalties . While the rights and
obligations of family members has changed with the development and age .
 In the school environment , the head sekolahlah authorities in implementing the penalties
for violation of school rules . In some cases , teachers are also entitled to act . However,
severe punishment such as suspension or removal from school is the principal authority .
Teachers and staff supervisor in charge of delivering data on violations and possible
violations and consequences. In general, given the repressive measures in the form of giving
verbal or written warning to the student and parents , conduct special surveillance by a team
of principals and teachers or school counselors and prohibit temporarily ( suspension ) or so
depending on the type of violation of school rules .

3 . Curative and Rehabilitation Measures

This action is done after other preventive measures implemented and deemed necessary to
change the behavior of juvenile offenders by providing education again . Education in
particular is repeated through coaching that is often handled by a particular institution or
individuals who are experts in this field .
Internal solution for a teenager in controlling juvenile delinquency , among others :
1 . Failure to achieve the role of identity and lack of self-control can be prevented or
overcome by the principles of exemplary . Teens should be able to get as many people figure
that has grown well beyond the period of adolescence as well as those who managed to repair
themselves after failing at this stage .
2 . The motivation of family , teachers , peers to do the first point .
3 . Teens channeled his energy in positive activities , such as exercising , painting , following
the race events , and hobbies .
4 . Teenagers are good at choosing good friends and the environment as well as provide
guidance to parents in the community who and where teenagers have to get along .
5 . Teenagers form a resilience that are not easily affected if it turns out peers or community
that there is not in line with expectations .
If the various solutions and guidance over done , the expected likelihood of juvenile
delinquency is on the wane and resolved . From the discussion of the problem of juvenile
delinquency prevention should be emphasized that all efforts should be aimed at controlling
juvenile delinquency adolescent personality towards achieving steady , harmonious and
mature . Teenagers are expected to be adults who impersonal strong, physically and mentally
healthy , firm in the belief ( faith ) as a member of society , nation and homeland .
 CHAPTER III
CLOSING

3.1 . Conclusion
The problem of juvenile delinquency began to receive public attention in particular since
the establishment of justice for juvenile delinquents ( juvenile court ) in 1899 in Illinois ,
USA . Juvenile delinquency includes all the behaviors that deviate from the norms of criminal
law committed by juveniles . Such behavior would harm himself and those around him .
The background factors of juvenile delinquency can be grouped into internal factors and
external factors . Internal factors such as identity crisis and weak self-control . While external
factors such as a lack of attention from parents ; lack of understanding of the religion ;
influence of the surrounding environment and the influence of western culture and interaction
with peers , and educational facilities .
Consequences caused by juvenile delinquency will affect adolescents themselves , families
, and communities .
Solution in tackling juvenile delinquency can be divided into preventive measures ,
repressive measures and curative measures and rehabilitation . The internal solution for a
teenager in controlling juvenile delinquency , among others :
1 . Failure to achieve the role of identity and lack of self-control can be prevented or
overcome by the principles of exemplary
2 . The motivation of family , teachers , peers to do the first point
3 . Teens channeled his energy in positive activities
4 . Teenagers are good at choosing good friends and the environment as well as provide
guidance to parents in the community who and where teenagers have to get along ,
5 . Teenagers form a resilience that are not easily affected if it turns out peers or community
that there is not in line with expectations

3.2 . suggestion
Based on the above conclusion , the authors suggest to pay more attention to social
problems , especially juvenile delinquency . We should be able to prevent and control
juvenile behavior so it does not cause social problems caused by the juvenile naughtiness .