International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562 Vol.7 No.

11 (2012)
Research India Publications; http://www.ripublication.com/ijaer.htm

High Gain of C Shape Slotted Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless System

Anamika Singh1, Aadesh Arya2 & Sanjay Sharma3

Shobhit University, Meerut1,3 Geeta Institute of Management & Technology,Kurukshetra2
anamika11singh@yahoo.co.in, adesh_kumararya@rediffmail.com , sansiet@gmail.com

Abstract:
In this paper, a novel C shape slotted microstrip patch antenna
with enhanced gain is presented and discussed. The proposed
design offers low profile, high gain and compact antenna
element. The maximum gain is 7.31541 dBi at 2.31610 GHz,
antenna and radiation efficiency are more than 95.5319% and
bandwidth is 50% from 1GHz to 3GHz .The proposed design
is suitable particular for wireless communication application
such as Wi-Fi and WiMax.
Keywords: C-shaped patch antenna, Microstrip feed,
enhanced gain, Microstrip Antenna, ie3d software

I. INTRODUCTION
Microstrip Patch antenna are widely used in a number of
antenna systems because of their low profile, light weight, low
price, compactness, mass productivity, etc.[4], but Patch
antenna is also used for its for attractive features such as
compatibility with Microwave Integrated Circuits and
Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits. This paper
proposed a new design of Enhanced Gain C Shape Slotted
Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless Systems applications.
In proposed antenna, we are using here feeding mechanism
and Feeding mechanism plays an important role in the design
of microstrip patch antenna. In the proposed antenna in this
paper, a novel C slotted on the patch is investigated for
enhancing the gain. The design employs contemporary
techniques namely, the microstrip feeding on the rectangular
patch with C slotted shaped antenna which is enhancing the
gain of the designed antenna. Researchers are also focusing on
how to design antennas for WiMax Technology. Details of the
proposed antenna design and experimental results for antenna
are presented.
II. ANTENNA STRUCTURE
The proposed antenna is shown is figure 2 and Figure 1 shows
a rectangular patch antenna with radio frequency identification
is the reference antenna for the proposed antenna which is
using inset feed line[1], with width W and length L of the
rectangular patch
Fig 1: Microstrip Patch Antenna
antenna. Feed line width and inset feed line be denoted by Wr
and yo. This antenna is constructed on one layer substrate and
the substrate having a relative permittivity ( ) = 4.50,
thickness of substrate (h) = 1.50 mm and loss tangent (tan ) =
0.021.The antenna is shown in figure 1 was designed to
operate at frequency 0.92 GHz and has a dimension of W = 92
mm and L = 75 mm. The inset feed line[1], (yo) is 7 mm and
the feed line width (Wr) is 3 mm it is implement for enhancing
the return loss at a low frequency. Its maximum return loss
value is 23.06dB at 0.92 GHz frequency[1].
The geometry of the reference antenna is totally changed
in the new designed in the proposed antenna. The proposed
antenna is constructed by three layers ground plane, substrate
layer and rectangular patch with inverted U shape slotted or C
shape slot[2], where dimensions of design is as, width, Wg =
240.5mm and length, Lg = 196.3mm of the infinite ground
plane. Wp =92.5mm and Lp =75.5mm is the width and length
of the patch and Ws =32mm and Ls =16mm is the width and
length of the C slot in the antenna and Wo =2mm. It is a multi
band antenna and it has desired resonant frequencies from f1 =
1GHz to f2 =2GHz.The dimension of the patch can be
estimated using the formulas (1) to (2) listed below. [1]&[2]
However, the exact dimension of the patch usually needs to be
optimized and adjusted to meet the requirement of resonant
frequency and other characteristics.
 International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562 Vol.7 No.11 (2012)
Research India Publications; http://www.ripublication.com/ijaer.htm

Table1. Results of proposed antenna

S.No Resonant Return Directivity Gain Antenna Radiation

frequency loss efficiency Efficiency

1. 1.28626 -7.58525 5.0607 4.23007 82.5861 98.9846

2. 2.31610 -15.4347 7.51393 7.31541 95.5319 98.2969

A. Return Loss
Fig. 3 shows the input reflection coefficient of the high gain
microstrip antenna as obtained from IE3D [8]. In fig. 2, it
shows the simulated result of the return loss of the proposed
antenna[1]. The two closely excited resonant frequencies at
1.286 GHz with return loss of -7.58525 dB and at 2.31610
Figure 2(a): C Shaped Slotted Antenna For Microstip
GHz with return loss of -15.4347 dB as shown in the fig 3.
Antenna

(1)

(2)
The resonent frequency of the high gain C slot antenna [2]is
1.28626 GHz and 2.31610 GHz and the better results of the
other charectersstics given at 2.31610 GHz frequency and all
the results are shown in graphs[1

Fig:3 Dual band return loss

B. Directivity
The simulated directivity of the proposed patch antenna at
various frequencies is shown in Fig.5. The maximum achieved
directivity is 5.0607 dBi at the frequency of 1.286 GHz. The
Directivity at resonant frequency 2.31610 is 7.51393 dBi. The
Directivity at frequencies from 1GHz to 3 GHz as shown in
fig 4.

Figure 2(b): Side view of C Shaped Slotted Antenna For

Microstip Antenna

III. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION

The nal goal of the work is to get a High gain antenna with
low return loss with good efficiencies and radiation patterns,
and increased directivity. We performed passive numerical
simulation using method of moment based IE3D [1] in order
to nd a good tradeoff between these requirements.
Fig:4 Directivity of proposed antenna
 International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562 Vol.7 No.11 (2012)
Research India Publications; http://www.ripublication.com/ijaer.htm
C. Gain
Fig. 5 shows the simulated result of gain of the proposed
antenna. It is showing that the gain is 4.23007 dBi at 1.28626
GHz and the maximum achievable gain is 7.31541 dBi.
Compared to conventional microstrip antennas [2], the
proposed one possesses has a better gain performance due to
its C shaped slots & air gap, probe feeding technique on the
patch with infinite ground plane.
Fig:5 Gain of proposed antenna
D. Antenna Efficiency and Radiation Efficiency
Fig 6. Shows the antenna efficiency and radiation efficiency of
the proposed antenna[2] .The maximum Antenna and
Radiation efficiency is 82.58621%,98.9896% at the
frequency1.286 and the maximum valuable efficiencies are
95.5319%,98.2969% at the frequency 2.31610.[5]The
Efficiencies at the frequencies from 1 GHz to 3 GHz shown is
fig 6.
Fig:6 Antenna and radiation efficiency of proposed antenna
IV.CONCLUSION
A configuration of rectangular patch using microstrip line has
been proposed in this paper the return loss is -17.2610 can be
achieved by using C shape slot on the patch the bandwidth of
the antenna is 50% from 1 GHz to 3 GHz and gain is
7.31541dBi.The application of C shape slot microstrip antenna
for Wi-Fi and WiMax.In comparison to simple microstrip
rectangular patch antenna the proposed antenna is better
because it gives maximum dual band return loss and very high
gain at very low frequency.the new desiged antenna is better
than the simple microstrip rectangular patch antenna
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