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in *abl e b "-G.,o r,-
aryular tlisto/trcn'
suggested cot'lttton bet een t'pe o! sltu'tutu\pmbl'n tnd
Tabl.
aft.r Blemm (.1963b1
Typc of ProbLrn
1i750
Di{ficuttics with mechinery sn3ilive to 3crdrnent -6L l/600
Dangcr{or fnm.s with dia8"Tl" . - -- 1i s00
ifii"iii, ""
t'i'riirii -11. i'ackins b nol.Pcqissiblc!
'
cr.d. o, wh.,c dir'cuh's
l /300
Limit whele lirst crackrngin panl *dls $ ro oc
riwilh overhad crans 3re to be cxPccicd l/250
L* Ii'*i." ili''i ruer buildines mar bc noticerble
r ir for nexible brick
li 1s0
considrabl. crsckinS ln Pcncl and brlck waxs
"r
walls where itl, < l/4
Limit wher structunl damtge may occut

300

a25o

: 200
:

50

r/rq@o
r/4ooo
tl4,o@

| /eooo

>-r / r.ooo
j rtzso
t r/ soo
: |
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300
I t200
r,|@
o
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Fh. - R&tbnthb b.lrr/,''
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a bove .

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dr' I

ilr= 12.6 x /g./x /.%z I t.,3t + 4 " l8 *l'2 * 2?''/*


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/
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p.9= c,?,"1* = JEZ = 5.??.
A /8a

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9 - <da ".
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Lf < q
-o.31
l5oao (t.sxt-s)
o.8 z = o-oo87 rt

Se tt) =5e k=.1f,4 2.?t (+) -zz.e r ($js,.'rg{Sl


= B.tftr(?.sz)(o..t)_ z2.6rG.t3+ 0t.t"Dk.ilf
= 8-3? ma.
Se c1 1 - se
G,olf.t-L fi ($)-{z.t,(+i a s.Es (+il
= 8.'l f r -Q. t3)b.t) -2./t b., i + s. 8 t Lo.ri f = 6.arn,
I s;itI s,:'t-s,a 1- s,; t/9.31-&6r l=o,,t7o
t B _. J- ' 7so- tso J
2
,3 2, "j .t
/
fX, [/.t;L/e h,', -/"'hon 4 rzr3 )- 4 GJo<l pr'stut
a 5o1" ilJ+1t' abla
tlo k,v/nz. J ^ loplt' 'f t'+
tti;ih
-I7", , u'r'ft4e.',,"!{*7,
;'--;,4,,
qn"J .7'r
-C;**i,.e'(\e : *^':,l t"

=-"-i,
4'''*'ra3e':f ,/'"^l
ytttn"J 6 cztt'tt due6l'^E e*s:
-CI7uo,.,,7L-4 ts -/-;'t$i
o
IZ-' ./ +he 4 o ,/^t.D- o)\
tJ' g, thLPa
.1./ G^E* ?rcstu4
ltPa
-oE*-- 16o - (t4x t'X)=1zB
D -- --='
l.4 o,2 L tz-t.
'T=T-" s =
35 M>!l nz
E6 =
s*^y4
- t.?t*lJ ,t '-o l
/n- frJ h : o-? 7 '

- /,4n b<.tae<^ o --to ,-, , tJz. /o -r.1 e >l-3a1Lv


flz =
B.t -- r. ol 'T= r.; +k- 11 fi5 o'r+
B 3.o
- ,?. cry t4 DC4a)ea^ ()+t Ht ' {- t'?=3-3 n '1"8
t-
H,= g-3 - z,,ztt .J-
= J.t-->
h, u1 o'z'
B 9.o 4,1=

o.t7 t o-17 (t-o'3)t n?:3,,5t= 6-q7 )'.+' '


9i
L.7.a ( 3 fooo
| )

Sr' o.,/q * o.g7 ( ! -o'3r) * !28 '8tt;t = ,r. r, n*


- 3fooo
4nrtt
9ir"f 9;rr, = tz' 6t-6'97=f'(3nn
{!' g1,f^/"_lL.e .sotlnc^i, I-v tL L"t.y G^,a.A.o
tl uat7l-[</
i
^ t b4l-") f-r g c.4c c.r
G t
f
t/ /h< grosr incrcetc ia pr, sg12n J
e/t/ G is lyuz.hZ.
n-.ar.t,^ 1.,-.4 tgzLl
s a-{,
z1)e-* itcaa.qa pressurc ay'
;1,
{u^/ali.,^ 1,-,-t;,
tB?- L( t6)= ,/ fi) k,t//-t
Y. 16 t^.t/,q,
.a.3,e-s.a.1 .tI2
4 loo6 l29oo I j6oo o,2? O, atl t
s 3oo 13 S"o | ftoo o. 5t o. o 221 o.te
^"
c | |.o | 35oo | fu1p a,t/ 7s
2

5oo lh." l,yo. o,lo O,0lo


E looo lSooo | 6"oo o.E oaJoS
F 7oo I ggo lthoa a. oS O,6olt
u?s.,.
E z azz6 dqtLlnt

C, = t- o.t (#) = /- o.i (l| ) = ".sz


C2= /ao-z/a1 (fi1= tro.2lg50= /.3?
5 --C,Crtp.Z+e _- a.8it, l,??* t5o \ o-226 6= la -l ,.r-,
iX: Pofq.,,h tL S"*La.J L2 u*rtoo<1 ,4,,1A-*
/,-,
tAe 4-4'U itl4/;n{a/;a E1 b,J.t.-
. .loo h,w/qz
rl irt.-{,! N,ot^ E z.rn/nt t.or.r
?
2a Sooo h?t t a.u{ 5n f,rJ=2aki/t'.:
,.!. 25 / Cv, toooo lop4 S a-ol

,t/* 3O , 4e . | 7a,ra 412" t4^d,


,-l ,:2,,j ."
7r"t. loo -?'a ' PP t //*'2 4
)uf,, flte ,21 mcll'"'t h h'"d 5l7vrt,ai|L, rzr-'.*'(
Y1
44e cc^} c.t -l c4-L t1-r , ^A'"/\ r r.t-_ 9zz, h -- =-

| - Q. Eet, ad M*rte-t.s !-
y' lo, Po'+,,lD ,, et
6= cs t.f G
Je e' a
o"

Layr IJ C" {>t Cs.rS* 1-


"R.t '#tkt,t,
'tEr t
o-5 5ooo Sooo 2.t(t)ol 26? o.z?3 7Y. t6 o.978 | 8.1 /8.3
t22a.lS
5- to 5 ooo lobo lJcLr.) lt3 o'l2o 78. qa e.3j? t 1.5 t a.4
1b= Qs a'oAt qq.3 7-t
lO-2o /oooo lzcot) t7o lo6 a' o./5

36.5/

2- tsa MaerL{ "/L" ,, = ,.,


+,
cr= n ?=l*
337.7 tv. q8
tsq.gq 8- r/
) 3 z/. 6-o3

28.83 n-t

s - f*z^14' "/ P""4,


q 5t ?
6; ocll

B X",th ra.-
+zf ;1[s h,-tg- ry.rt t; -- 9 yzf= 26.5t
?s
1'- Mel*lz"[ (lqrrt
S=',s.?tt3--l:
w
2-8 y*1aa
/' /o.n
'" Jl= tl-9-^
B t o.?J J 22.5

s- 7"* / /4,L2/ <rs/f


-lttzs-nsr.
r.t lts
2z.; | /o"z I zgsL85 kPa
P" r,
J!9- * zta 8.9--
23s

6- "l,-n/L.?rez nofL/, ta
'q ,6 .8
LZ aa G hP. E tP" trt !* oz

Sooo B ooa 16 ooo o.ai o' /a1


c
5 ooo fauo 2t aoo o.4{ a .ll2 o.f I
loooo I 2,ooo 2l ooo o,2o o.o33 6

e
zo L o'3 o4
to
5= r-t Cz t?LIL ot.
. o Zt-r t2

/- a.5 (4 )=t-'o.s - " '875'v


?; tt
C.. l-o.z l"r( t- ), t+ o-zG 2
-'o' o't '= ',t 7j
o t8
/.3q1
29 2.
9= o- 3?l t 1.3./ t8o o.?a./ = 28.6 nm
^
7*/ lv4 6 6a ''
" G'b, /eo'e +(1,A'U-z'at )(9o't-ag'L) = tU
: JoloV lF-..5 .trz-1 g,ta*>/+|as af,wautt't1

e8 t 2o'o zB.o Lt'o ts.tt


HI 28 o'o o1 tt'o th'L?
thl tl l'e tL'l th'o 5t'tL
9bt r9l'o 8't 9'a tt,8t
72t toz'o o-t ot 9 t'lc
8tt lAz'o o-b a,t I o'e

'r"z
8! t1n"fu" ,I e
I
L
B t&a
ghoooo.o.-^hJ t.9
t toooa 'o .^t4 r9
t.?
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a u7 t 9?./ d -\?zrrl.tu/, 4
t9 "
o6 rN, ft/,rl ?U 'ft| /: s>r-aana!, ssatTs
gt:sa
fu!
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::a--
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+11! Pf !4jP

2d/,a4
J't st to.77aray' TJ ,ul"

r-a-"*, t7 '42zz9=(t,sf ,vrt)-tst "'2


1 - - t - -l -l*r' atnss"td'"vtV*"fwu
.,/ot
5rb
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' *h/rlr" .( tr'o -- ^Z?tj
f.,n/r'S t'to..{af;J,oh)Q f'nfz))/ b l'/-/-).*/ ' 'l ,
'^1,.'*t".a',.n yy,to|.l 7 S/'e'2/ 1frt auzss atJ

*i tt' q q'-''Is *"5'! '


plalj Pfn'rvl t'd'9'rct
"'
JqJp-r-l' tio$ fo aiTudud l:os .f/!m afiia a7!
N'.p;q e'1 ,t a l/'-''";f-,1 7ft1 P aqd y 'y7
c' l<. '/4 {'
a
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= 4aoy b. Baao &.Po .
C".t'5#=t4/.8.. = .

,'=
? /% E# .
6.t
= t6t3 /, Z! + 3/8 ? a.osl
*-t . 5?aaa
73

fatte/r;z/e Self/oae*j ,LJ


"{
/l. /.t,1 != o.E Ev sJ. q -
l/ a- 3t,6 , L- 54 g8 , I J re.t.
, f,r-- /4.! Ntt/n2.

+=/'
B j;; '-'"
=o-33 /L-5t'88--
' V= -ts8 D
=' ' V- = . e.l

' r'o ' tt,) =o.zf


/'o

=tr{-t- =2 , li(z)=o.q,
t3.3
g,-- tl t2 (Lt),Zt Lp *b
F,
E, Q,. H, . !.o to.z5 {t- o 5'1 *322* t?.3
Siu
r. l6/oo = 68,62

H" Si q"1. l.o * o.l5 ( l- o5') > 3 22, t8.3


$t.' 16 too
2 o5.8 --
/nm c*y', Ld.t <*,+ )n oj', Qces 5; -- 2a s-8 - (A,tt. t j?.tg^

- Gns"ftaA),--- S.t/"n..*;-f)- oQ 4* h.< b.^


/'vt/rd ztd, S
/1 u DP fu-t l/4 tJ-'"a',.ts H= (. t"l
43ne oP
,

O. ooo lal 5 262 o,2?l .'t. : o.s2ta - szl,b,.,


o.Ooo ll.{ tq6 o. 86
o,oooo? t3 trt 6 o.o8t
^ ....^- a2 ttl
,j.z'j.-,
( fh, ,nhe ./ a/"-"".t' tu be r./uzd bi lAc E zv
P= 4t (t-'4) et

/, aTVnxr>-* t*% fu ol Q'* be ab\a;w4 Et^ h)t'


v'- o'L( l* = o'/{ 1a'2$ x o'26 " a'82
-
.. f," -- 52 | ,( o.gz z ltg za

-t7 t( t</r/e*rcd 2 51 +tjg +$/8 = 6./t mh.

fX, Lr4ur| 6 jry. b,l-t D/R =o.3 ,L/B=q ' Qeht^;n< tX"t'tt'
eltlex-e,t / 4e rtd4u!.+ h,h'g f /otto t" -'^'ilA wd /4-t
s
(l'o'5) '
-L.r/,/ -/ nrf- inla'c;/7 5o h'r/mz
l-ft -
f- Q.o.s,f,=4,h.o./6 3p. Sclon
-S=?/s.l -t.-- h.
l,.t-, B (r-t2)1t
o.55
Et
< o.5 5, o-?6 t ro ( t -o.SJt Ja t,'
;:i- =
2""".
o. oo 1?o m Es.qou S
=
L'%n 2-.-4/R= t.5 r li=a-6^7
9 f t irS - o-?t * o.67t t!, ( t-o-sr). 50 z,t
= o.oagzt
.

1u to ooo

/2" 6,npr, sr;"" 4lttoL7+ I i 1, .tf g',- 6.-- 30 M Nl ni 4J tF


Sr,t -- o.55r o.q6 ( t-o''-) 5o ' - o.oo67{ *t.
i, z, 3o ooo
[o 6ln g + 4/B:2'5,1',=o.88,
5ttz,t) = o.88 xo'q/'.loCl-o = o.oo825
n
F../o- oaao f
Sr ( t-o',2)* 5o o. oa6
t.z) = o.67xo.?6 * t.a aoo ,n
7e
=

9 u, {L o, * .l/ f-r..( s ot/"tq e} =6 t n,+ {tt y - s t4 + 5a 2) -s o t


-^^^aa r-'--Qc< ^ ^..11.
G --.n /ytc oF f,nu^./*Aons,
Sh*//r- h**y'-h-,^s : D; ys A (,.tt/*L) .

ql
tll
=r.-j*F
I
f
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I
Bl E FII
I

tr o
I
T I
97,2.-g /"')-j",1,- civ uJ,ra.

.^b- q Q f t*qn. E,hyt s , /l;, ./L E"r-y "-,L;ct, sz4prta"


Gnbinrr'
{t+n /+ tt uz../ ,.../.- :.
t- lF //''4,.e it )za ca,.VL *-q /&, spr-/ y'*f,g *./ y'.
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y'-,fry ni/r{.
l-ypc 4 O-b;"J6ohgst_
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<*r.rit
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qittutr< bdrQ..a^ tu.r.,r.-3 i 5 55 gre"l rrt-"4 a rc..+d-+juj.ar
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or
tua-lzeZ a'ida-( y'-rhY b La?"\.a n t ecou.-"v^tc"-{.
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erq4to/o(-t F..rtt4-4G Ydrt ,--o y?as .r-!f+nSag


v ayd tr, Tzrpnd/-ts' a1 6''-*, t1o,+?Vrv'o7' ft'L.r '9
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t4 oll'' F\rno-J. +ial .t oq/a7u?51f .1..7n t?t.11 u1 Lz-l tzH) v
s! 7r?\7) Pto )4els 2-,?- ,? #r2 l!o5 >yJ ':lt - lz
FHf 2q fr!-]le "",Vtf=
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lf--r,r>q Ezqud"-<d-q*."U/rP tAt+1 e nT 7l"S ?f/ Jl -,
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,-\44r"//!/o pJoA1a
4 F*o ',(7t1t1:ssad*? -'7 p *, fe7 elrs
Ao t.'l'1!rc !r 1vrryr9 s6w"-f 1f'>u-aq 7oS eft J/ -C
s$*o.1 fsards 74.\f1t^ua) Fq fzraAa2 s! ,zJ.n
,W? 7.aS '/.as \''."1
u'-1 .1 ua-'*t qS
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7,1 aa5-'-1
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aYay.at f2e4 $ s1 71
'l2e+zoa
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t ! s 4v*1rJ a2 tl ta.r Ao 2L1o
1,f y/e" r'ts.r".??s
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-t C/,-yt/) kz/V.u1,)t
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1
t<zL.-cL lLc .to;l Ga, c.,rrS s-pr, ,"ti4 o.7 ritk aF )ro- k/,
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2'z
t-Z
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r-t
t-J z'! :r (iV t ,) E '"*l -I
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t >rf1 -
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r_ v__1 (ttooi 1.*l
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t
t4 l
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e. i: /t'2
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t-f"z7d.at7 ,erJ7.y 'x_7
( L --6^! 6.s -- 6.th)

.'.( b'.*4) \64= 3.8 '


-: b, +b z -- S.?rt - -- -- -O

+e#)
2.7I =!1
r
z-St bz
b t --
?.s3 b z + br-
=*) = s.8 ?/
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07- t 4-6Sa 4 2:. l-(6 h,
br. .{- tQ
=
q.Zh

f X, O*2, Ar-h*X"J-- G,*';^<A. F ".rt5 s).r",'" t^\5'


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t- Ea ccJ,n / hr.-t .
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Y
to4n.6 4/ ' It.too o ktt
2- EL/ llz /a'ilA / h*z tjl-
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a*/ crr.*"tt/ cofnt-t&.
L -- 2( ?-17, ? o.rt) - {./{zn dS;? = e"3 ta-3 ,4
14. L= ?-15 tn. 7a172 /sb la't/rl'
7- 6'4 {L ,oir'rA 4 /:hS
7 tta do,t
bq ? =J-g L
lo.lho
ts (rrEl
6 = z-tr rz
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(4qt
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s.-?'
t L'- 4n,

V = to"t!s.l5 :".;: p.zT /R


lho 'L E_+,
2- Ft-^./ /- ez ce"-/n,;12
-- F -+ - (z-r? ao.17)-z=o:74
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3- n4 qt;/./l s<,L +LJ


? \s,"t
.t
7 .!-- (t r- le ')= .!fu (t14G'tz)).tia
-t\r z BL L B/?) ?
Is
= (./? tt bJc B= ?.2 a

4- CL-t press,*,te.
r, t=
6_,,.
# - + #,( /<.6(":,))

= eZ-t&Pt 7o :o'L.
., ,4re< = ?(l1z) = /d.g .a2

(loo)
t
E''Ey 8,, 'lh b" a /or,'akPa
F,x DuY, " abwl
agrt<'t4i1 t14-t e ";L f rcsstzc ,7 7ou'- too
'

cc( s;,le o;( {o'Y m


?p=?got*

4 ,,rr" P, z P,
'
L=6+o'?t/'qm t[
x, -- !_fuJt)- = 2.Vn
72. + VBo

Xt= 2.4 r o.2 :2'6m

z'6. 6;Y I
zbrrLt )
.--()
b" t bt

A, zr- =
J-28 = tz ,-'"
7u,

12 = -z
bt+b2 * (v .-@
br +b2.3'7r b,=i'7f - bz
2.t?l ( zbz + 3'7r - bz \
2.6 = bz + 3.7f
t
-b.
L.6 2.5X b z
'
bt. o .82 | m
b, = z.J 3 tn

tttL
>i -tr tys .:
tt: /-/c4yA a /./U E-*y'ut;,, ,'4>- <6u-4 Pleat4-/e
'='tr Po' 4ofia /P6. 7", 71- 4 1/s;t. ,z.tto
f,ozz. Bs Lp.,
sa.(.
B= qz 2 + o.3 +o.a:_ $ ,5
/t- 6"4 d. o 4
6't / Fa s; r',>,t /r.il./.*
Q. 7 (/o) -t 7o = 75u 1.,. A A

3 r z(tto)
(4)t 7o(.t) t2ko)t9)
= 3. ?? *r
3So
(q-Z.ll)+ 5 +o.tf t<:.1
S.tt9 *, EI F
a,= /o-?( * ///n
cL.l G*tg.
r- =3i?;-
r_1

= 3/./
rt
7o.t \ tu, o.l.

EX' EJB IF Vo// = t;o r,4 L=(tn


/- E'^/ L 6e t nr.r..ru.a
C
",s.#.
Cg- o
X z o,)f
'T .L
hi'l
a,,t

F!L+-!.r1
P*n. *''+
*) '\ ?"rz
Fn,, =
! t ,-{Ea tz,o
L. z/ >t
/ooo 6 h45) \
( Ito= ./B 7 tt 3-t
6eoB
= looo (tf*)

/ao B 3 /aoo +* ?ae


ts
6ooB-"
7 laooB+ ?aa
6.oo Sz - /aoa B - ?ao --a
68" -roB-n '1t
t ?xcf
8" t la + 6
- .2,3 *t
ffi
i,l_.^^1:: Kr\ _erctudiug weigha of rrfL
Usc Meyertofj eppmrch
for *i.l

Solq,
t- fi7d e2=
^'{t
zv
ZV- 4oox 4 +o.>-t5x6xzv = t 260 Z.^)
?- 4oo
"tr 1 = o' zo tl ,72
":":Z;- 6 z(.Zoa)=
7'-- /-.4t
"-
= - 5.592 B=5
A- n..d a-il- e=o
fu* = s.t,l c Cr+ s,' + d.') +?
: o.. + -a. z <__e; =o.tv.
Y - 0.,/+
4: t*
= o.v = o.tz
- -
adt .s. rrl cca) C /.r. ./a
= .q. o .s \?z : :" l? ."r";:t
a-A - @3-5-: tqo.9 kpt
n'"t' :
ff q,,,L( #-t = 7o' / { 1-}r e.k
ar- F1S " : 3Z:L ? 6>3 o.k.
7ne{
ffir.
'T:;l1* N.=20.7 N{=ro'7 Nf6'E
lrn

kN/dr .
Sand ld= 16
o-25 1,- 18.5 kN/m'

So/q
-;-T' : d ecce-'l-nzi\'o
et. # = 3!2-=at{
t . L-?c- = S- zCfutr)-' V'X,"t :,
E.n / \.ul*
* Q 7o Q= a
"-
T"*(" o + "*NXs1 dqr- !f-An/6!6dy
sl = t rF.-* -E = t+*o*zs fi-=t'z?4
S'( . t- o'VE = t-o,q 3- = o,744
d
I = rn.h,-o[,-rin4s'
. a.= r.r ,-zd*
2*: tr zL-"s(r-s''
14 , rcrD( rc't)(r'z>)(r'D t {G's)(s)(e 's)G'zqEco

1*-t= +'ffia-=tt3'skPq
F. s = -1g14.-
1*"f
-- ffiF
'r
J - 2.72
Q4-;
_
A circular silo of D=7ur is ro be
constflcted at a site witlr a soil
orofiIe
shown in Fig. q4 . rhe foundatio[ofthe
silo I's lo be located at Im bclow grouDd
rcvct ano the expected total pressllre
is
E0 kPa . Find thc lotal senlemelt
of
the clay deposir aftcr 5 years. Send 1o= 16.2 L1y7.r
ta' 16 kN/n'

Clay y- l8skMnr e= 0.9


C. {t 15 C. .{.004
c'= 1,.4 rl?nouth

Useful information :

s*=c.sbg:s

r = d'"'!
ffi
il:-jr1''.S-":il,l"'::"::''Hnojr?'iroaro'
? |nul
5'n I
I

I
F-
l- ..'-r
ln Dl
6n --l
I

soEenL
l|n
-T C=60}?a 1Fl5 kN/Int
I
'11-18 kN/m' 1--24

S-lq:
l- Ft^d eu' i r.l,
2-y c 4oo xL{ 1- '{xS x 6X zr1 = leaa +36a.
- 12 6o kN
. zotf ta )A
<\
u- l;;- 4aa
- z- =rrG

P*.y - 7 C'* ? )= 7# (r+ 3.$"2)=-72.:/ t..Q

lal' s.rq(Go) (r t-'Gl t't") 7 r'sCrs-)


q l2 -Lt tr
1.tl n,*( = Jy!=t3e'8'> f-* o./<
= F. S
s"lq ,- D.siqn L (o.
ho ee"Jocilt Clax3)
'2- )= 5+sio.s* a.Z - /o.S- 14
B =+ Frz,-, ecce-_L,bil,r Zt4_.
>a.^\fe\ .a4 ^
x ?ca")q) q.c-s) *e cq.i--c2)_ 'J
=- -!
zc"r"rj)r-dD ,8; =
- ?--- ?.7,o
: 4. zs-r., L=g,9,n
'-c-|,*-ok |at * -
7-.-f -; ff =
7 C"o) +aG6)
ro.5 x ?-2
+ t!36
-- ,*t = sa's (so
6. /<.
o
: Er'

atl

tr-tr

'Y'*f
c/.3 i-rtj\ J'PjJl ,J -t,'9 >

fou"/"/ion s aY1 D;l4r-lt Soi\s


;:llo;k s";8, ,../.'o/' is a,so,L 4./ f''/: Gnstru"ti'
I'v -at$' a erlremc| aL#'z"^lt ' hr cal
-Ittrt4---',t/

., -t, >Z *,1 t -\ c/, /rlGfi'nh'.


*ot'^
cxpa,*i,ic or Gl/aPsible, soils '
;:;;;. i ttrn l,u", os f-L r'sult '7f e'(cc<sit/c
he..u< av 5e/t/eaa+.f,.

De6*;tion aJ +/P4 o/ QllapsiS S>ils t

4 //a7s,'yt S";/s . ete tla a-lu-<j d to'1t ll-'-f


1,*,./"ng o o ln-9 e volu'me c-L''1e
u?on sJwra,h'on,
or/.o 1-" e'*4lz^'n tL-, be'l'n"ti" r "f attarttt
trn
Sai {r u^/*, Lr4, +y p; a-/ aJ*t $ uod,r"fi) .ve-flcssa
Pto+ ( e ut Qil s L-JJ be Q"-si4<'r <d 'zu St+ora \t'
b b,.L-
q
o
?r, srna ? Lt"J s4'/.

ua;/rot. ez

fL fo,+ (ab) it lk rea'tt / 6-s"1;/'h>q l'11 anasa^'


J ils n-'/tL,a/. /n-.itlu4e Cb*f.,^l " /l a- /Yestwrc I e'""/ -
'Pt - & e4 bri*rn ,zoicl ro'ft. ' (et) ' lF qtn/''r is "y'/'z
"ati
in.b {L s palaraa^ 7/'r s*/"tJ-ion.,4'' szi/ sy'rnztT''t'e
QIa'Pse, aJ uot/ ra.lL Il be 2,al lhe ran,
'u;// ".:i
A ostx4''fe/ sy'L s";t
Prestu.tc.',4.^4./;-^-
l'-/
/ t 4 f , 7r
Su/clea Setf lenz+t, i{ d*C
2-v ,:!?*go !.+-.9c i-J
/L s"i ,iz/..- /]t"-a bca,t s4'fu'r"4e4 '
i C //oasc n/"rha4 (cp )..
i-
_r^3:?
*l UyU (tE\i) , A*o scStSreld
a- fr>ce.duay t clsc;be lk e//rpre p"i.lriJ J,
1,rrl;e,4,."/" ir no:/i! a ?L,airij"lu *ro/|uKon
/L;s de/"rn-"/ bJ '2u,"*j.- );j-
,4-rr44 an
:" ,_,ZrtLui,
S,1o-tn t'n
7A< applid presru4y e c[tue
zao.4,u2/,,,t';. n l),.ure ;l"tq.Zyt
" <L so.,-)1, ,.t F/".?./ r*-
s".t'*roft.n^- *,/ /"ll lir. aL;s t"af 3;* ,"r/
r,-&.s e,4 z b;r'." aJ"q
4tu trt."7.
f^- aH , -z
//" l+ e-
u,4*, o
= /a.1,'n1 ua;/ raA)
oH -- CL..^4 ?n |rtql.+ a-O oh ."Jutf;^q.
J .J 'J l-'
seal1ril7 ,/ L4^/.2; pmb'bns ecsoz<\/ey'
.rt- ? a//a.pr; b/e soiL \.-oue becn &rre-Q*Q .oi4k]-1
t /A)c.A su-nma-rild b1 C /etne.na, a-^d
En W4f Ctq.At
a.^/ o-re givch iv\ +-"-ble b e-G-r .

/. Seu"nity oF ?nLta,1
o-t No fnb/an
l -C M oc/e-r./Z t rru e
5 -to 'frowble
lo - zo Serzc. tro-b/e
7 La Ve,r1 Sazea trs
t3 2,,i .t
?erQ.tzh.ns SL*d be or-r;/'r'd f" LceP azh'Y
cr-Qa4
t-
rnr G //a.ps;ble Sei Is :
a/

Lens t razh\a
, ,
o.o,-/ bt;ll5 "ri'lh a r' in
4 Et-de L.,toJk
t - be qey' bta'"'
utidfl^ 4 t'" n ., l*^'elrti ' 7o;^* sl.'rJy'
(Ae S;/e uta12 s .

t- ?l-a-c;y'a"/tt Sc'rvitc P/Pc s uis;bte t /e-/tot oy


/eaL-1e ;a 4k s!;h'n '
3 - 4 t/ ute/,.rty -'/, t,c'r ?'/?e Co'nnzz'ltun s
s--pp
sLrL4 be uc// e-^b'd/d 7a dnorYLe E ded^244'
possib;liL7 -/ da+^-1e

L/- tF 4\..ft are aiPt/z la.,'l il t*u#be an Eo ot


. possiLle Fv't ^ Fa"/t^ s^ o'f!''t ' ( ntt* l'-ss $'-r't
[' i'^
fu,^ fie b";l'"(ig) -

f- 4, e//tc,'.* a/ra'>'5e a^/ /;' 1>osa-( o'/ro;n


tJolu. a,)3 Fn,a 4hz sLt u-utu'tr"
4- Ga.rdcn;*7 i t ho+ o'//o^t d c''*4h 2o'am Fnn lAc
s; c/e ,'.-J'L. s'
i

i t XParrr,ire S"iis

lee { sail (c&rsl iLf s-:c//4nsi/qal,


?rt tn*r.is
(?" a//,/ * 7L,- -J/La s6nnk o;/4
fA" h:' /, r.tal.,. Eie^.;,rL":'r4;'";:'"
st"lSe./e/ * /n 1e
"r', /r/fyt 7/orr"s a-a"t, r,Lia,
,,1
c4
"F S r.r-t/
lvlcaq.efe/,2 ,

4 s/"/7 1,1r^i/a/c 4/ Vo.s,l/c s,ur-// ,> cLt


-A/e&+ed
a c/o n e./e-r f"t/' Q- J" o, un4.r/,uf.
9*t- V/a .
i lrz Sa:e-//,y pf.<s&te *ott, o S-r-V/e is p/a.7.4r ,"o
ien a./ona-/er u-.,/", a g*,^e/ .sq,:r j-"g,, ,eqrna...A."
j4, #or1.n ot.-(h*rs/q pfttru.lc pi- /1.
^ti2
lapp7*I^./ tprel.-/-Jta cz/-!c/ bS {2" y'i-r'"ti^<R I
/,1qt ^.r'/er' t tL so-7/a, aa llz semp/a
it,ta.*er is
islo.rl t s ate,// 4re sfl.rc is apVtlz/ rn 5a.c.// incre*tet
i6 /reeh,f tz'te//. tett #l -y'r// t.rrhxlt prp-cr,o,e .is /*t/up
ts" (h tl"{ ?re.rtaze ts
;-
/2r = l>" tPr+Q
3 - .d/r'l'.,,*( ?rz-ss *vv ^al/d 6 prezen.>{ sua
tf /Ac. u-Q 6 ?, . 2a ++ 7o *.d,22 /s 4nst/ert4
,-t be
G / - a. r4/4,<c c7l /5oo
bJ , a.,/ -.--o 1zoa L*//t-z lS
4rnst/ord /a be- ve-r/ let.
4/ fc.r Tczz tz-te// presJutl , lL soiL spe-.m.-
tc.t La/ea/
";tt st-p' a-, * tL /',/-e -/i R',{Lt.:V7
A.a4< {t _san*p/a * s,"t*/ r,,.,,47/ o- ncu/ilna*z it
r4<.A4t. n-. P" rcen* 4f Eee 5 t2e/ it a<qtali-.
9.2 =.
LH * loo
ly'c

4 eszlr'.-V;x'../ so.-tl'.,t P.sctne Gd b ab+*-nd R


2' -ui 't
'j
Dtu'/ ( (qn) '
a't n:a4t?; b1 l:-t .rn L
"J
4 9e= V.82 +2a? (L.L)+0. d{t f/);n- z'ts ('":.1 $L
(

,Z-"./t,t).,(41 ;n aL",^--{ -t/ fl 2/aa3'


fLPotzo,tr 5 e-n77 a4o o'* be 6lfoth
ed bj a' 7u'Ai
uary' bS *hn<on a-J n.*J"n ( IqTaJ .

LS 5-Z osl ?(t'L)- o'a833 t).1o'4f$


= o.
(7, )
/L'- Lt.L) 4 ( a)e) {h / erce^'f

fl' 6;r,,n : / soil ai4 l't ' la1 , u. o";'f d fa. t'tt
2/./,.r , sbh-/e t) 5'tct/t-9 Pretsur. .a) t'rcl/2 ftr'a"'
s/, ( t. J 3) - z' (//t-)
6p 65 oa ( o.d) -f r.
4 'L 't3z +
'- T.rtz + 1.4/o. /' s?a
?.

r*'g lL .,,t+/g -/ a.s?2 *.y' sL-ft;g (L/"c;,.,-,


alfa> 5Ps o.3sl b /4.' = 38 k 'r'/et '
2)hso = o.o?64 c Co)- O.o83s b6)+ o'r8
= 0.577 i *,/eY a.1;6-t /'ze<19
5.t . 3.73 /"
hz.hrr .// *-6y ", unlnc n/ s"t&9 P,tc'qlt-/ .'4
S".to//;ra Vh"""L.
t-
percc"'f -/ "{t frao{z',,
th;t'.-( a*/r.- Co**.rt.
? drj "leqit/.
/ ff./ beg l;rn,'t t
5t-yvor.el/|3 U6*/ -/ s.iL
i- 51r. cs y'1;slo15 .
frey'ma^i na/lJe ft azor/ 1,cl/zJ : -
fr.ln"r-(,mc/Lr/s. sr*l/y soils JcTea^lty an
"-/
+222 ./so;t . / St"utj"ne s tt/n-pl, oa,_
t' Gpfro//l,y ./ /"-h,l4 A*t"/ C lk sue-. n.llJs -/
C-//apsiy so;l .

Z- L.o.a/d e xf) *-n 6iys SoiL b3 e1u; vJext se:cU.y pysgs&,


3 - ui.g St^y' C<t-s,za .

u- Qcp/t<ct,uft 6p SoiL ,r^*tt az(iue Z"na ,

f- E/oo/"/ 4.k cx(elsive s.oiL e(aa . f7.ta 4y ;l


t.rzty lrm"t u'qa| .1&fe uti/l ocLu.rs.
t- 8brt,3 SaiL ol^*-,'e ;-l' qnperL;a-
7- Utiy t^'nfll/ s&j E;-J"fr,"^ a/.sorbe/ s:t
"//,j

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