B GOAL 2: Explain Why You Plan to Stay or Leave Sheep herder in Australia Rank the reasons for living in a certain place (1 = most important), and add one more reason. Share your rankings with a partner. _— the climate _— one’s ancestors lived there — having family members nearby ___ environmental quality (clean a water, etc.) _— employment opportunities CIEDB Listen to people talk about where they live, and answer the questions (GAEDD Listen again. Do the speakers mention any of the reasons from exercise A? Which ones?Pa yse a RUCK LU ON GJ Find answers to these questions in the reading 1. When did the Lapita migration occur? 2. Where did the Lapita voyages begin? : No ones sure how they did it or even why they did it, but over 3,000 years ago people sailed into the enormous emptiness of ‘the Pacific Ocean in simple canoes. Within afew centuries, these people—now known as the Lapita—had migrated from the volcanoes of Papua New Guinea to the island of Tonga, at least 2,000 miles to the east. They explored millions of square miles of the Pacific, and they discovered and then inhabited dozens ‘of tropical islands never before seen by human eyes: Vanuatu, ‘New Caledonia, Fiji, Samoa. 3. How far into the Pacific did the Lapita people travel? _ = 4. What aspect of Lapita culture came from the Philippines? _ 5. In which direction do the trade winds usually blow? __ 6. How does El Nifio affect the trade finds? on ‘ter you read, talk to a partner about possible answers to these questions. CUE 4. Why do you think the Lapita left their ies and sailed to Pacific Islands? 2. What might archaeologists find in a cemetery that would help them to nderstand an ancient culture? might the Lapita have sailed so far located so many islands without codern technology? Pe ey sore oe DeLay ee nay: ~ 10 Unit 1‘There is much we do not know about the Lapita. Although their voyages began in the northern islands of Papua New Guinea, their language came from Taiwan, and their style of pottery decoration probably had its roots in the northern Philippines, So who were the Lapita? id they come from a single Point in Asia or from several different places? Now, archaeologists Matthew Spriggs and Stuart Bedford of the Australian National University are working to answer these questions. A Lapita cemetery on the island of Ffaté in the Pacific nation of Vanuatu has revealed information about Lapita customs, and DNA from the ancient bones may help to answer questions about the Lapita people. “This represents the best opportunity we've had yet,” says Spriggs, “to find out who the Lapita actually we vhere they came from, and who their closest descendants are today.” But even if the archaeologists can answer these questions, we still won't know how the Lapita sailed so far east against the trade winds, which normally blow from east to west. Atholl Anderson, professor of prehistory at the Australian National University, suggests that El Nifio, the same warming of ocean water that affects the Pacific today, may have helped. Climate data obtained from slow-growing corals around the Pacific an from lake-bed sediments in the Andes of South America indi a series of unusually frequent El Nifios around the time of the Lapita expansion, By reversing the regular east-to-west flow of the trade winds for weeks ata time, these super El Ninos might have carried the Lapita sailors on long, unplanned voyages far over the horizon. However they arrived on the islands, the Lapita came to stay. Their descendants have inhabited the region for thousan of years, and why not? They're living in an island paradise the ‘many of us only dream about. ‘A modern Hawaiian voyaging ‘canoe built on ancient designsDescribe the City Where You Live —. Traveling on a cance in Fiji, Melanesia, South Pacific: - carves anebeaany Communication SUCH Oca) ners 1. Use the topics in the box to discuss the benefits of life in your city. Her nee 2. For each topic, list two or three positive things that your city offers. Cre Imagine that the city where you live is trying to encourage more people to move there. Follow the instructions with a partner. Writing 0 ‘Write a paragraph about one attractive aspect of life in your city. Follow the steps. 1. Choose a topic from exercise A or use your own idea. 2. Write a good topic sentence to begin your paragraph. Then write supporting details that describe the good things about your city to a reader. For example, write: UU, 2020 ra 220 boon actual concer fora long tne, and there are so many enjoyable cultural activities here that it is difficult to choose Use a variety of words in lust one. People who want to reflect on the past, for example, can enjoy your writing the historical museum, which has beautiful old objects from this country Coe and from around the world. On weekends, the museum offers special good beneficial snioyable pleasant lasses just for children. COREMETAA Descrive the city where you live Read your paragraph aloud to a small group or to the whole class. Ask your classmates to suggest other details you could add to your paragraph 12 Unit 1TORT ate re eek UO See Discuss these questions with a partner. What do you know about San Francisco, California? What might attract immigrants to that city? What parts of their culture do immigrants bring with them? & Large mural in an alley way in CD watch the video and match the people with their roles. San Francisco, CA. 4. Ray Patlan __ a. mural artist 2, Juan Pedro Gafiney ____b. priest at Saint Peter's Church 3. Father Dan McGuire, director of Choir of San Francisco CID Complete the video summary with words from the box. The Mission District is special in several ways. Religion has played a role in the community since the (1) _____ arrived. Today, large (2) _____, such as the Mission Dolores Basilica, are places where immigrants practice their religious traditions. Music also makes the neighborhood (3) ____. The Spanish Choir of San Francisco has performed to raise money for people after natural disasters in (4) America, The visual arts also make it a special place. Balmy Alley is famous for its murals, and a local (5) ___ organization leads people on walking tours. A priest explains thatthe (6) of different cultures makes the Mission District a beautil place. If you lived in the Mission District, what would you enjoy about the neighborhood? People and Place