"ena 6 ROHR 0,806 856, Writer : DAMODALA MANOHAR M.A. (English) Litt., B.Ed.,NC RL MANOHAR'S B01},88 GOH {80h 546, | & yoo 800 0K ga oF wodHs ard ars Peo----8S Sdraod Ios My SS oh) gS || src. Today English language has become a part and parcel of our culture. A good command- ing over the English language is quite essential for the development of our career, Kcistiue that the art of speaking and writing in good English will be great assets to a person. It is also true || and an established fact that English language is being considered as the language of the literates | the world over, & T0ero SQN & Cord Impther Tada adele, TyreQe, thirdea | | Sr Spoken English SoyFsdosy BERS eyes Saban h. | Mw wand Sossv00 English 000 Jzssoour soerdoh English rer difficult language 69, English OFo08 oS Vocabulary Soraowes, Grammar vos Hxyorr 42) eowoa wngooeodrde, But that is completely a wrong notion. As a matter of fact, English is also one of the easier languages which can be learnt in a short span of time if you are sincere in learning it, Simple English & Sraré@as wa, wove’ 7H English & &% Vocabulary ow By HoT S wdAso Bee. Too dard doder Verbs hhO00 8 Bon 08 Ten. (& 300 Verbs Qa8o SsososS vdeo abhiod), wv Igo Grammar & o%) Chapters ed) dards e8i60 Sw Bh. $400 Tenth Chapters deS08 Soee08. © : 1. STRUCTURES 2) TENSES 3)ACTIVE & PASSIVE VOICE’ 4) DIRECT & INDIRECT SPEECH. So, with | these four chapters of Grammar and a Vocabulary of 300 Verbs we can fluently speak and thoroughly express all our feelings and thoughts whatever feeling we wish to speak and what- _ ever thought we intend to express. | English & Srers@ra8 md, Toasra sentence formation 86% soa. Sentence for- mation @o% a8 sentence) der form Boing, woe ak Tea), Grammatical sense F Ir | daird Hoird ee Itch Soarso oer). Grammatical sense § a sentenced) de> construct |) Boire Bosge © Fed) Tosser Sod...automatic Srepado Sew Sod. & JQ80e erovaGs dialogues eo) d8 A2Sod' So SKM SrenGwes Sr. 2 | No al eee NN Wt aan CO mk ge aeee Oe mii MANOHAR'S 8931},63 Gosh &S08 S°5, | Small Words | | A List of important Verbs... i | t I STRUCTURES... 13-34 ‘ | "Have to! .. 1B | ‘ "Don't have to! 7 ‘Have’ / ‘has’... 19 "Must’ / ‘should’ . 20 | 'Should not! 20 "Can, Can not, Could, Could not" 2B | ‘Want to’ 27 | Soom TZ OS) OS) Srhe 30 | Polite Requests .. = 31 Same Verb used in Different Structures .... 32 | Combined Structures 33 | Questions 34 | TE SEINE --cornnscseermerentiintaicenteees 36-58 | Simple Present Tense .. 36 Present continuous Tense ...... 4 Simple Past Tense 43 Simple Future Tense 4 Present Perfect Tense ae 49 Present Perfect Continuous Tense .... SI Past Perfect Tense 52 | Past Continuous Tense SF l| Future Continuous Tense 55 e | Future Perfect Tense 55 j | Same Verb used in All Tenses .... 56 | Combined Dialogues .. 57 || Questions ... 58 Il ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE... IV S089) TS Doyere V__ DIRECT SPEECH AND INDIRECT SPEECH = VI D&pdor Seep Booth Srhov W,O aoHS ordi (400) enEEE ’'’SS “= iii MANOHAR'S @Niaje® o/h ©8064, A List of important VERBS on sso Wh S20 Bode Ses VERB wots, Verb 89 Sentence aot ed Sentence formation & VERBS wéo8 Seng Strton. 8 VERB § Siri) orzo» sodran, Sead ere) Present tense 80, Bots Er>2) Past tense wd, | PGS SrerO) Past participle ©2 woirt, oe : Present tense Past tense Past participle A ask Seaibe asked asked 83% attend Hadi attended attended sasans | answer army answered answered axaB 2% argue Thom 4 argued argued admire By, Goro admired admired appreciate Dwyo% appreciated appreciated act SBo% acted acted achieve S80 achieved achieved admit admitted » admitted | advise advised advised announce sox announced announced adorn sv08box adorned adorned abuse de abused abused assert SHB(ws Daciray) asserted asserted ascertain 0800 Baws ascertained sob00g Sasa ascertained appeal S80 Bee appealed == S08 aERH appealed accuse doMo inten accused Domeies Sus accused | bring SHES) brought = &ssasm)% brought begin @Poodo% began Pood oa% begun borrow eayscs borrowed STV borrowed Se en, rei MANOHAR'S Bf21},63 GOHH {Soh 886, (neenene Past tense Past participle come Suey came SByS come cast besoin cast kaos Deo cast change Sree, Srey) changed changed cheat rss cheated cheated consult Sosdow consulted SoGdoBe consulted congratulate epsoaow congratulated sQsoa0ax congratulated criticise DHOjow criticised DWG)OBS criticised contest PbS ain contested aire contested complete grasa. completed Posrs completed conquer wonows conquered— BoDOBs conquered || clean SGsvtan cleaned BSsntow cleaned call devw called ROB called || celebrate soandaess celebrated societies celebrated cook Sod cooked S03 cooked concentrate Jr@ssicn concentrated = Se wsedrs concentrated | create Byhous created ByRoBs created convey Bocas conveyed BOahE Rs conveyed catch Seyoam caught SeQeaeo caught construct 20,08 constructed a9,05% constructed | cause Teasers caused PSs dgiso caused choose DOdSBLES chose DoRSBTSS chosen conduct DBgerows conducted DSgsroBeo conducted climb 28, climbed 2% climbed cut SB00u) cut S8S03% cut || consider SO8O0%, grdouw considered S08O0B%, wOoBs considered conceive trois, wxoPxo conceived BoB, eS conceived come across seoaF%o came across come across | continue ese nose continued SSPAoBSD continued chant SQows, avyooss chanted SQoB%, Ssyo0B% chanted D do Baio did Sve done depend STIS depended BPSBHD depended | discuss Sojow discussed SOoBx discussed defeat Gow defeated &BoBiso defeated drink wt drank ers drunk | decorate — seossox decorated Bo0Sb0B%) decorated die sory died SOPH died describe SQouw described SQ0B% described || distribute sosdtas distributed sondirs distributed declare WSBow declared BSSoBxH_ declared drive Say drove SOBs driven disclose BOchA aso disclosed BORER disclosed | distort SOsoom distorted S800 distorted 6Present tense deny desire drag E eat enquire estimate encourage elect | extend entrust escape express export exploit enhance F find feed fight forget forgive finish fail feel face follow fall fly frighten Soi FORD Sty, oie Tintiaw worden Petros day Sm DQ00w%, Bato &8S29 whos SHOES Boavaaiw Dteetaiw TYTN asarhowex x PRow Forosvtan OHH S00 Pewee yah OOESH, wHPdou LHC, wmSdow ersoows sary 2th Sab Dey Dib, SoBox @2LBIL) SOAdwods sOncwods Past tense denied desired dragged ate enquired estimated encouraged elected extended entrusted escaped expressed exported exploited enhanced found fed fought forgot forgave finished failed felt faced followed fell flew frightened went gave gaveup got gotup grew granted had had heard SLESH, SHPIBSH Das 2, SHPIOBS. SUS6oBH BORER ABS Soh DRS BRS Bye D2BORBS PoB% Bae DOTS, SoBoBs SHG), SOAcimoBs SOndwoBso 28m Past participle denied desired dragged eaten enquired estimated encouraged elected extended entrusted escaped expressed exported exploited enhanced found fed fought forgot/forgotten forgiven finished failed felt faced followed fallen flown frightened gone given givenup got gotup grown granted had had heardMANOHAR'S €5a1,e3 aoHh &Bob 8G, Present tense hide oh harass "Food, BGows hurt SSTRjow harm santo help Svobsndais hang Sobowlw, sodco happen —-@Wib, SosDow hold BeyOo, ardor hit Sey hesitate SoBtroxws hike DWoibo, easini hope w8ow I ; inspire S7)Q2%) interfere edna ¥poBHTS involve — &sg08EH invite wsrgdoud insult wdsraow% inform BOchBaio issue arbticie investigate SofG0% instal Bago introduce Soscnsntcie import BioHSSHED intend wow, aFsors imagine &*trowe indebt annvacimods join Bo, Bey jump Tod K know Bowser keep aot kill So% L learn SeayBso look Sree lookafter goxgoxs lend wig) 2%) listen Dw launch SdoHow Jaugh Big (HGMSMs) Past tense hid harassed hurt harmed helped hung happened held hit hesitated hiked hoped inspired interferred involved invited insulted informed issued investigated installed introduced imported intended imagined indebted joined jumped knew kept killed learned looked lookedafter Tent listened launched laughed abe sroboBee, SoBe BMWS OBS HOB wH Sechin SDs SobowTSw, G08RH 2OTS, Sos2BSH SeyTRso, wT rox SodtroBse DOTS, SOSHEgs wtoBs Angad SHALES ODHTSH Bho Basse SHD0BH weSSr 0B BdHEDH wbSre SO*GOBH BaQoBs SdScaS DH BihHSS Vw wDoRs, aFboBs Stross anasacnosi Bow, Soyo Toss Bawls BoB Sows SeyT3% Boe Sos§ods ©) dys 23% SSoHoBS BBgi> Past participle hidden harassed hurt harmed helped hung happened held hit hesitated hiked hoped inspired interferred involved invited insulted informed issued investigated installed introduced imported intended imagined indebted joined jumped known kept killed learnt looked looked after lent listened launched laugheda NN MANOHAR'S B83I,63 OHH {806 826, Past participle | Present tense Past tense | like liked liked live lived lived leave left left lose lost lost | lead led led let let let M meet met met make made made misuse misused misused | move moved moved | marry married married | murder murdered murdered mean meant misinterpret 3600 3%) misinterpretedséso02 Bw)x mistake PP Hsa mistook mislead SH TOSGow misled N neglect —wgesthao neglected neglected narrate 93000 3%) narrated narrated oO open Boi, SSoHow opened opened observe SsDoxs observed observed | organise organised organised | | occur occured occured | P. | pay BQow paid paid | | post Boe posted posted | | pray yor prayed prayed | praise Boeeyes praised praised | pass e8QGm passed passed pardon g,0u pardoned pardoned provide Soyesiais provided provided purchase — gxffexici» purchased purchased play emes played played | preach Soow preached SOoBSH preached plan SSSodain planned BGSSnd VS planned Prepare Scirtoiicin Prepared scirwrii Dee prepared participate Sous participated So3% participated postpone = sonardcin postponed = Sonera postponed pretend sou pretended x80 pretended prostrate Szpotisindy Sota Prostrated — Szpossind, Sin Die prostrated C2 Zi 5MANOHAR'S B9SI},65 AOHh {508 585, prattle permit possess Q question quarrel R respect read resign revolve repay reply receive rise raise reside request rule reach realise run ring rain release repair refuse reject roam reveal repent recite render remember remain resume regret repeat Ss speak stay seek Present tense ThGo woh¥box% SdAciwods GRow Steger TSDow Sci wersriae opSsreo BOABQow Sings Doe) womes adanows ORSSvSe) dSwow S09 SOP D0u% Bars row Sony Homsey SQ0% Deadeiato aribtaty DOSB0% BBE, 00% B8iio BOchEdio, eydy) SayEsow SQom Baio wQBses DODwoe RPRrdw dey, YsSsodow Mow, angered QsO HSH Srere DODSwoe So Past tense prattled permitted possessed questioned quarreled respected read resigned revolved repaid replied received rose raised resided requested ruled reached realised ran rang rained released repaired refused rejected roamed revealed repented recited rendered whs wohkooBH SOncwoBiso BROS SHQrBs TI BOBS TersrSRH woepSoTs BONBQBs SSPTSDWByS womEss SSon0Rs BRSSH STD RSROBsd Som SOROoRS BOER SroBs Sona SoBe So0B% DeoSos Dis whBDH desORS 85%, 003% son BOCES, agaD so STyRSSS SQ0B% Boe remembered sg 3a83%0 remained resumed regretted repeated spoke stayed sought DOdawoBE QS SSHS TORS, rGsaw QSOS SETogH srqgae DOD FO% Past participle prattled permitted possessed questioned quarreled respected read resigned revolved repaid replied received risen raised resided requested ruled reached realised run rung rained released repaired refused rejected roamed revealed repented recited rendered remembered remained resumed regretted repeated spoken stayed sought my—_aa — MANOHAR'S BII,65 GOHK REO 585, Present tense study select sing say start see send stand sit sell | settle show smile spend shift suffer sleep smell shake shoot sink surrender save scrap stop | scold steal stick strike swear swim set shut spread swell solve T tell talk think take | teach takeplace Sbsobs0 Bose Dowex Deads SPO) wn, 20S, 50a Sin tain Brbow DBSHpwsoo Bey, ado Baio SroyScin Sow, how, Sore) aarndoe 2g00% S29, Pony SOs 00u Bayo Srandow SeDowe bHFH Sow Rtbid, SoPDow Past tense studied selected sang said started saw sent stood sat sold settled showed smiled spent shifted suffered slept smelt/smelled shook shot sank surrendered saved scrapped stopped scolded stole stuck struck swore swam set shut spread swelled solved told talked thought took taught tookplace cir 2g00Bs SO)POS, Ponsa SOx 003% BMS Srenas econ SHE3% So0Bm BOR, SosdoBsD Past participle studied selected sung said started seen sent stood sat sold settled shown smiled spent shifted suffered slept smelt/smelled shaken shot sunk surrendered saved scrapped stopped scolded stolen stuck struck sworn swum set shut spread swelled solved told talked thought taken taught takenplaceMANOHAR'S B9aI,65 Gof} {Sob 8G, Present tense treat travel try tear throw trust tonsure U understand use Sorhow utilise SOsNErioBay underestimate 3&,S7 wosrdcin utter Brands, Bayo upset Dowd Vv visit vacate verify view VV: write work worry wait waste welcome wash wear weep win warn watch wipe withstand withdraw SoiBow Boirdow Gow8} 0% doddabn asodaa Deghow thochBonow Ss exotees Sosono% dtc SosDou wHacwoBy) wots Satain whic nbSox SypBcie wedydow, TyiiBor aGotics Soom Deby Tersrods Fweyoows Bodo, srs tose SeyQStieots Sddoxro0wE%, } 388, SHED Past tense treated travelled tried tore threw trusted tonsured understood used utilised underestimated uttered upset visited vacated verified viewed wrote worked worried waited wasted welcomed washed wore wept won warned watched wiped withstood withdrew Past participle treated travelled tried torn thrown trusted tonsured SonBoBs SairdoBe GS os DobS Di DooS Dm D¥hoBs thocbBonowee Ri understood used utilised underestimated uttered upset SSoFHESS eSarnoRS SOAK ws SST wosTS De SreqBw, BID DOORS visited vacated verified viewed Sodio) oso woSre BokOoRS SOS avoB Bs written worked worried ore SOB Re wSna% abo waited QTV wasted SHd0Bs, SehBoBssvelcomed HGodDs washed S00 worn 2B) wept TextroBs won TWsooBs warned SIV, SB — watched Hdworsso wiped SQQTHOTD withstood Sddor00B% withdrawn BSE, SSESH }a i! MANOHAR’s BNSI,E GOf}E i506 55, Have to( dcans0e 28) S20) HobSed om af 409 SOcePaswa8 English S “have to” eS Helping Verb (Sscb8 Eos) % asarhord. Sowinw Sh sr, 8 ICO” oS TSsSws" BO’ Ad TadSod oH of Sao Sdahelsyos. 6d Déorr “Bk 20h Sayre" od wkgind® ByETO” odd Dabsow aH a8 500 BOSES;CO. “Bi & ASTD, My Bard" wd repos" “By Ears" o56 dadSod od of 500 SdaHEWOd. Srbom absod SH Stow) aoHSs' SOAcaNE “have to” ws Helping Verb & SaBrhord. aye sinsod srhow English & Je form iarS BSHBKVowo. 1. “Sx 5rd, 48 Se” “355” wd SbSo0% English & '1' eokrSoo S498 Snocor 'T esawha, o. 'T' shards have to' & eaarhord. ‘have to' &oxé main verb SD edarhowd. “Sib 570,58 STO" OS aSs05* “SCO” OSA Verb. “Sy” ws Verb & Verb Forms 1) go 2) went 3) gone. & SorBoSS Snd6 sro wond ‘go’ S ‘have to’ Shard ehAriowd. ayyd ‘I have to go’ wsyoS5osr TPSgsioo Sairdo208. ‘Thave to go! eiir “Sk Bed’ Gd G80. 88 IO,68 B<7O?.... S7O,SE. “SB, S8’ GSHDE 'to market 9 woirsa». S48 ‘I have to go’ 86S ‘to market’ & Bdyersoo. eer SOS aso SQ wSsSn ‘I have to go to market’ eHwWob. 88 “Se SoG,G8 SO” SS TS ;So0% English & 'T have to go to market’ 22 Srineoeo. aQye RinSoS Sriex English & Jeo form Baird SeomsHoowe..... Sk S70, 58 SxO. Subject + Helping Verb + Main Verb + Extra Words I + haveto + go +to market wao08 : ‘Have to' S88 'main verb’ 3%, 68 Soda) wr 'main verb! 5, Present Tense form % 370. 4,3 & Se oo Sd Baird. Thave to do a lot of work today. | S80 S058 SCD. We have to go to market. ee 5. Si & Se oor 5a Dobra. AY 570,58 Sd. She has to do a lot of work today. You have to go to market. S Bows oO. ‘ | You have to come here soon/immediately. TH Srd,58 SLO They have to go to market. 7. Bi 2 S08 wer dds. I have to learn more from you. (2882 thOod Sa BaD hood Srenhwajar T69 ee oe e eas Rie = oe She has to come here from Simhachalam. 2: I, we, you, they, he, she, it 286 I, we, you, 9. Bio 7 RPA’ SHbo ward. they o& ‘have to! scrhow®. N05 he, she, it Thave to write a letter to my friend. ef ‘has to' aoeriord. 10. DOSE Sod Sx Sr was as Sdaird. 8, wie BostSeo S08 9H,468 Te. wa £79,586 SLO. She has fo go to market. M1, Soiisinn Sod gS Sr Wykro Hairs. We have to make friendship with only good people. weds Srd,58 SCO. He has to go to market. 28 (Gerd) 500,58 BLO. It (This lorry) has to go to market. 12, Sodio Hs Dgargio Modo. We have to respect our elders. 13. Liiin adtos Sogém Srexwd. We have to talk politely with others. Thave to eatup my husband's brain to take me to a movie. 2. Seo none ce STD: OS: Be, Ted, Ero, Sawnlrd, T have fo learn English. | ‘ame, ‘ned dayioe' oS einsod Sdsue 3, Si & S{OM oud Hy dav. osed ‘Oo oS igo SwQOd. awSoH Soddyoc* |__Thave to post this letter immediately. | Sse have to" 3 Helping Verb & sa. zi 13MANOHAR’S B0313,65 BOAR A506 585, 14, 98 oH Bay. You have to say to me. (or) - You have to tell me. [eee have to tell to me! 6d Srtrdseseo, Jods¥on ‘tell’ wm ‘say to! od C8) 15, S000, NY zo Senwos'ro. | 38 Si OH aS Dado Bayo. First, you have to know the truth. Thave to tell something to you. 16. Snot SH Soa,So Seys'ero. (} sentence > 'I have to tell you somethin; 7 80 ey | s First, you have to learn manners. | Sear Srégdersin) t TERg ta eas OBO 39. S80 LS SoSrem% Sovpor sowed. a i TOS LETTE TA oae aT CD || We have to keep our surroundings clean, t q 18. 25059 ah Boird 40. LSL0ddo Sos*horr ddourd. | : OR bere Gara: We all have to live happily. 7 18, Sodio errr SOK prose, 41, Soo BBS Sphod bts dasrd We Lae Sea || Wehave to cast our vote to the right persons only. 20. 9% nod Sx SSyar Bed. Petes oases Yorke eal ee Pee vehicle. We all have to sit and talk together. 43. 9 or dord 21. Si oge Sens || You have to study well. Thave to talk to them. a (talk with’ £05 ‘talk to! osm usage 6* 48.) |! “You have to study well to pass the exam. | 22, Si & rk Sos Sh Sobor’. | 453i Se Dott aS Sard i ue Gachinaes the Se | have to make a phone call / ring up to my friend, * So TY sioeSo SEO, 28. & D&cwo Mhdod HY hooSr wstdowrd. a8 Pint oe You have to think about this matter seriously, Thave to take their blessings. ¥ 47. BY 0 898 Snaps. 24, SSS Bros B Sho Siodwro. ewe = i é 5 | We have to strive for the development of the country. ‘Yon have to change your way of behaviour. a 48. 3% Bev nods! 858 30. 25. eo ee Tu oe ath Thave to go to Tirupathi by train, 49. SpSSin Soditeo ward. 26. 8 Bin Sasre. You have to pufon / switch on the light. ‘We have to ask our doubts. 50. & Dachos* iso rg Sstao sd. 27 ea er 7 switch of the light We have to seek their help in this matter, || 51. Gebayer Gee Sokiro fing) wstDowe. | |] 28. S80 Soey258 BP Kromave Fro. 5 ° We have to go to market and purchase vegetables, __Gvementshave to think about the welfare of the people. 52, bY adHos* Lorgcm Sminddo Sir. 29, Srdmotves SSDS Sho Hyd, E BO. a * a Tae ia ee eae ee ean You have to learn to talk politely with others. ie ” 53. Sr HoGd soswras Sm wy gos Bed. "a eat = cus cee | Thave to go to my friend's house to meet him. - 54, Si Sr Hrshad aQaASs SHABeO. 3 Tee a ae aa Thave to take my friend to the exhibition. 55. 3h Sr Sook 67,8 Hod bwoowd. 32. Si Roh HSE 8 Kobos Sexo. s js i — Thave to atiend the English class before 8 a.m. Thave to bring my children from the School. | = | | 56. Si Sr waren’ ayo Sonoard. 33. SoSS00 RONRO' Srerdwns Godsaowd. ae f We have t3 try to speak in Ea lish Ihave to get my son bathed. 57. Bi Sr win Urserde houard 30. | 4) ae Fisch Seale Thave to go to Guntur to see my mother. 58. Si) mEdQSs BE a Sd. 35. Si @dco 5 Kobos MSrd. ‘ al | Thaye to get up at 5° clock in the morning. Thave to go to Book-shop to buy books. || 96. S05 Somers Si HOSS aed. T have to attend the class on time. Thave to go to Hotel to have tiffin, $ Woddoe" attend to the class wo Soursércce, 37. 3% Sob OF sez0. 2ocs808 ‘attend’ er 'go to’ wd, ‘be present at" Thave to remit the electricity bill. ao ee Gn Was ad we 14 xMANOHAR's ROSI,@ BOHR SOK SS, 1 ‘Have to’ Questions We have to go to market. (S842 S70,68 3279) p HEz0 (Sentence) § nocd ‘do! d dqyS~ond Question Sentence (Gr) 28g) Idys2ed08. “sa + Do we have to go to market? (Sosss2 S70,58 3co~?) eer b 7559 (Sentence) § Svoc when, how, why, where 395 Question Words (x) Saves) SgySkond saioromgos Question Sentences (Sry THe) Sjdron. “taidtin Dy BO?” OS & osGd) QoMaS® & G0 IGorm Hs Noy Baird. Question Word + do + subject + have to + main verb When +do + we + haveto + go Do we have to go to market? SoSsoo SO, 58 Seer? Sobtin 570,58 Loy 30? | When do we have to go to market? SoStioo So, SE Der 370? How do we have to go to market? Sodio 57S, 58 Docs Seo? Why do we have to go to market? Where do we have to go? Ex. : They have to go to market. To S758 BT? Do they have fo go to market? E DS SoO,58 Serer? Do you have to go to market? : Lhave to go to market. Ex. : You have to go to market. Avo Sd, 058 Seer? | Do I have to go to market? I, we, you, they ------58 Sods ‘do! awd. she, he, it 188 Swocs ‘does’ ord. Ex. : She has to go to market. Does She have fo go to market? (3s 50). 3c?) (Question sentence & ‘have to' 8 Sot ebaonow®. ‘has fo! & wicrnossesé,) He has (0 go to market. (Sx Sr0,58 38.) Does he have to go to market? (26% 50,58 Se?) It has fo go to market, (26 370,56 Se) Does it have 10 go to market? (a6 S70,058 3co~?) 2, di 5 Kobow Barer? 3, b% Igy 2G Sra? 4, Bi do daiwd? Do I have to getup at 5'O clock? When do you have to getup? | What do I have to do? 5. Bd & SGra) Is ayy dairo? ‘Where do [have to post this letter? 6. Si & GGOd day ay dain? When do I have to post this letter? 7, SoSiio0 S880 Dev 3eO? How do we have to go there? 8. daiisie w8,s Do dosro? What do We have to do there? 9. 99 28.5% Be0? Where do you have to go? Where do I have to come? 11. Si TgS" do BSyO? What do I have'to tell them? 12. DH D8, BLO? Where do you have to go? 13, Sh bo shim rrr? Do Ihave to come to your office? 14, 3% D5y) 28,4 Kendastrd? Where do I have to meet you? 15, D9 28,6 Hob dogs roa? Where from do you have to come to duty? 16. di 8 w Dhcko 80D Jocds BSyO? Why do I have to tell you about that matter? 17. Si Q6" Joco& Srenwrd? Why do I have to talk to you? 18. Sx _d So Docs as*Dowd? Why do I have to think for you? 19. S&> O80 Docs SSrseo Ba 0? Why do I have to say sorry to you? 20. 38> @8,68 der TIO? How do I have to come there? 21, 8 6 D2> ayo? What do I have to give you? 22. wi aye de,cik SO? ‘Where does she have to go now?——oa, Sosa} Sasor ‘has to’ % Som asarnows. 41. S& 2509 Soro? Whom I have to meet? 42, 38 & Daabo 2508 Bayo? Whom I have to tell this matter? 43, Si Dod Sivs'wo? Howmuch I have to take? 44, 38 26 Dos ayo? Howmuch I have to give you? 45, B& D8) Ome BBO? Howmany times have to tell you? 46. ©8,68 Qosisv0b Bro? Howmany people have to go there? 47.9 D6 Sm biis'ro? Which saree I have to take? 48. Si 9 0 08 B07 Which way I have to go? 49, 68,68 IS BeO? Who has to / have to go there? 50. a8, d68 Ise oro? Who has to / have to come here? Note “have to" % aSdirhod 082) Srbow Bosom ScirwHeves. exh 68 warcio STS © wYSod Srerd Srooss HGH DG Posom sarssaosoe. 16 7<< MANOHAR'S QOSINE BOHR RSOT SG i ‘Don't have to’ / 'Need not! @cssoxs esscod2 sees) BOSONS GSHS0T Stow BoOahHadwa’s zohie' "Don't have to’ So ‘need not’ #3 helping verb 2 saGrhowd. Helping Verb Str& Main Verb Boh, S26 Cad) esr _main verb vb, Present Tense Form > Two. I have to go =3& 3<0. St I don'thaveto go =S%& 3¢SS5a80 BH. | Bk eck SesSmG0 Sa = I don't have to go there. ; || need not ~ || SeSo Gh Bm SeSEHC0 Ses, We don't have to go there. “need not | 09 whSH Bessat0 Se. : You don't have to go there. ] need not be = = ae se i a | Th WO, GE 3ESS00 Be, 10. D9 TE dee SHoSOdS wSito BH They don't have to go there. || You need not teach morals to me. a not } , | ree | 1. 8 Sie wig) Sobisods wSsto arto oo. | | 1 need not borrow from you. | Bete eH eater No 6. nscc0e' atizo disttsehS essed | You need not interfere in this matter. 28S "doesn't have to” sod. she, he, it 18. BY & DSL" 850 FESObS CSsoHs. Gs Shyk BgSHSdO See. You need not interfere in my affairs. She doesn't have to go there Sana || 4. 8 oye 9 Ddabin maseds wriove wm Be. I need not hide anything from you. re Co ae 15. 9 Sod Soe AdysKSods wSS50 TH Bd | : Cerne & ae | I need not learn lessons from you. | |} 16. dm fh aspSos Sado rh Bo, 28 OH, BES8i00 Sa, | [don't have to give explanation to you. | it doesn't have to go there. | | Shave tee ||| 17. 88 SirorSo BHSOdS wide TH BH. I don't have to answer you. | 2. BS Ge Cer cSng’bs ASSESS Be | 18. O82 SrSo FobSods wssso wh Se. Idon't have to go to duty today I don't have to cheat you. 3. a AB, 68 TSSSS0 Bod. 19, GS" Srizdsods eSido rh Sd. | You don't have to come here I don't have to talk to her, . 4.99 Dab Baysssdo Be. 20. SY BD 800 erGsdSobsS wSSdo Bd. im || You don't have to say anything to me You don't have to bother/worry about | | 5. VSMaho KSSobs wSido TH Bd. 21 rh OD SS ghtor Babsvvs eSsdo Bao. I don't have to seek your help He doesn't have to do any job. 6.2 Sod SEdtSObS wSE50 TH Ber. | 22. d%H Ido BabSovs wSdso Seo, I don't have to depend on/upon you. You don't have to do anything. 7. d% 28,68 BYSSd00 Sa, |) 23. daiisxyods SoBdodSobS wSisto TLBes I don't have to go anywhere. | I don't have to consult you. 8.8 SO.a5 (25g) BHESOdS wShd0 TH Bd. 24, DS TGosSodS eSdd0 ww Bo I don't have to take your permission, || [don't have to argue with you. 9. & S08 NHev SeySHodS wSsso ww S&H. | 25. ago O0d Dh Tess'Sods Sido TH Sh. T don't have to learn morals from you. I need not know anything about them. E 17.MANOHAR'S: ess BOHR RSH 856 26, 2 Sibisgoi 00d BS'DoTSOdS wiiSdo TH Be. || 34. wIOM AdairD dingo Baindys esdyo Be I don't have to think about your problems America doesn't have to wage a war on Siriya 27. Sao PKSSORS wSS5o TH Sad, 35. & od Seo BASS CSSdo TH Sx. I don't have to praise her I don't have to tell bad about you. 28.8 chiog SEOs wSS50 Th Sh, 36. 654d SrododSodS Sito wh Bad. I don't have to revolye around you Ineed not harash him 29. 28 Toh GoTO)S Sido Th Bc. || 37. we BiSSverr SINBosSSovs eSSGo SoS Sed. Tneed not be submissive to you | We don't have to treat them as traitors. 30. SoSio A HOSE crSS0d5 wSddo Be. ‘We don't have to see the movie Johny. I don't have to be liberal about 31. A eare BAVHS sso wh Be. || 99 SY 00d Somme Horses edsco wm Se. I need not tell you lies. | I don't have to flatter them. bo wee, is matter. 38, & doo M00d SeydsQen sorker: 32. Dob Geyersos'SoS wSivo Sd, | 40. Siig) Sao ShesSodS wSito Tx Te. You don't have to quarrel among yourselves. || _ I don't have to boast about myself. 33. Bio & Sor D508 BS dairHS wisso Seo. 41. B8%200, BSc AW,tik THORS SSSI Ineed not make a phone cal Fag to anyone today. ee he doesn't have to come here. sas: ‘don't have to’, ‘need not! o& are a3 Sosoya8 RT Bods ben Soe THES Sayan. Ex.1 : I don't have to go to duty today. Ex.2 : I don't have to learn morals from you. I need not go to duty today. I need not learn morals from you. | I don't need to go to duty today. I don't need to learn morals from you. T have no need to go to duty today. I have no need to learn morals from you. ‘Don't have to’ Questions I don't have to go to duty today. (Sx & a» Gr8 Sisssto Be) 'B 850 (Sentence) & as) "don't" % TSS Pdosod TESqo08 Question Sentence (Se) T¥z0) Ibywe08. Ex. 1: ~ Don't you have to go to duty today? (9% & Sar dryb$ 3Y53500 Bo?) eoh Question word Ts; IT350 (Sentence Formation) Brseand, Snot Question word 3235 shré “don't” oxo. Ex, 2:- Why don't you have to go to duty today? (0% & Ge» Jowss GrpB8 S¥SSsG0 Be?) | 1.88 & ote dngihs SeS8Sc0 Sor? 7. D9 Th duo BHSOdS wSsvo Tr? Don't you have to go to duty today? || Don't you have to tell me the truth? 2. 0% oe See doses Doch¥ BYSSSdo Gaia? 8. NY THON SS DovsodsS wSsdo Bar? Why don't you have to go to duty today? Don't you have to think about me? 3. & Srben OSSebS eSSd0 dH Bo? 9, OF Sdy SoPSorssobs eSido Sa? Don't you have to listen to my words? | Don't you have to consult me? | 4. mSirber DSSORS wSiS8o D Dock Bo? 10, 2% THLOOD D6GosSOBS wSsdo So? Why don't you have to listen to my words? Dont! you have to wait for me? 5. 7 SOLS BWE'SOHS wSisdo do Sor? Th © BAH AH SSvPSo BL SOBs wSSd0 Sr? Don't you have to take my permission? Don't you have to answer to my question? 6. & SOAS SHeSORS wSSdo dv Docs Bu? 12. Sad I,G8 APHSSG0 Sor? Why don't you have to take my permission? _|| Doesn't she have to go anywhere? 18ee MANOHAR'S BSI BONE {SH 595, Must / Should (ss)as0m dapSo%5 seoen) SHOOT DchSohs Show SoadFahaas eonke’ ‘must’ Sax ‘should’ 8 helping verb & &sGrnowd. Helping Verb S78 Main Verb Suk, D2Sé Sra) eur main verb Sa, Present Tense Form x >a. Ex.:- Ihave to learn English. (8% =onS Sey FIO.) T must learn English, (Si S3)o80r 20S Se) Sar.) 1. SoStiv SS oargomd, Nor MIDowe. 9, Sails 5 Syerd Spor Sousa. We should respect our constitution. We should keep our city clean. | al 2, Sie DOM Bbvi DdArhorbstr. 4. 24 SY asm SHOSEM owe. | We should utilise our vote You must come here tomorrow. Hl | "Should" Questions We should go there. (S80 0,48 3¢0) B THe (sentence) & 4%) should Tk; Sooo asArnodsgaxS Question Sentence | (ST) P80) Dwosoa. Ex. :- Should we go there? (S80 8,68 3¢<72) | | B Sed, & God dom have to F sow SrerGsrsy aim :- Do we have to go there? (S50 68,68 See?) SE: BS BOWS Sgow BoboS Sut, ego atDT Should S ssarhod sso | “ssjasor Seo” oS eso sotwod, Why Should we go there? (Ss ©8,48 Jods 3¢02) "Should Not" (cnsra S20) [SS0 GS Sed) Ayr Babine", “aso grey Siysrse”, “So HH essen OHS” S08 Soesrda' Show BochFoeeas zonSe’ " should not" wd helping verb % || woGrhoss. ‘must not’ ssBrAhossrée. ‘should not! Sr Sh ssarhowd. FS: ‘should not’ S228 Main Verh Sa, 3368 S22) wir main verb xs, \} Present Tense Form 2 7a. : Hoos : 1. BESTE’, “TSG, ‘Mrssracy’, BUODSIT Sin’, ‘PSST’ ‘DSS Ge’, SOQTETGaY, WS Révsod Sdiwe Oioe “srdcs” wd to Sod. sinsos SoHo Should not" «3 helping verb & asarnowd. Om :- “Lise PrQ) or dabsrsey.” Subject + should not + main verb We + shouldnot + waste itr ‘iso Sym Sohsraw’. PRE Shor Behera? our time, Biot ayes HE sho We should not waste our time wood. 2 SiSo Bek Saysrdd. We should not believe rumours, 8, HoSo SS erdpsoss Sog\asrsa We should not forget our responsibil 205a MANOHAR'S @93533,63 GOH} & 508 595, 4, Sia adHvs' widgor GSQowsrde. We should not behave impolitely with others. 5, SSS Lesson Srv she srde. We should not quarrel among ourselves. 6. Soiioo QSOE Sd Hadersies We should not harm anybody. D800 SEED, ‘We should not become slaves to bad habits, || 8. Dg 3, Seer Esgoeiercice | Elders should not behave like children. 9. Soiso S08 SPSoow ware BEykrcico. We should not tell lies to our parents. 10. 08 Bod BOTOSSor HodKrseo, You should not be that much of stingy . 1, SoiiSoo GOK BH Show wo md SHssrie We should not drive the vehicle without licence. 12. DH dagw deer wdy DYSrSe. You should not spend money like water. 28,8 14, So8S00 Soden 28y,5r ‘We should not intake more medicines. 15, SS SGdos wdsrdie We should not play on the roads, 16. mY Drowsy ovg worssraen, 17. Sodio Oey Logg" SaSKrddd, We should not walk in the middle of the Road. |) 18. drso SgBE8or Sods 9 4d Padsrcsio. We should not do anything against the rules. 19, Sidiw Brocivod'a& Bgywes' Gdeokkrde, We should not enter the temples with shoes. Center" wir ‘go into' (or) 'get into’ ed ego, ss ‘enter’ S&24 ‘into’ saarhodsebs w5ido Sa.) 20. Sén0 S'So S60) 2 @&; rodowsrady, Nomother-inlaw should harrash her daughter-in-law for dowry. 21. Boo BOS Locos siso TEsrseo, We should not use expired medicines 22. Ladson G8 Sor goo Id. AOA DSH sawed. ‘We must listen to News, read English Newspapers every day. 23. Sadi I8y,Sr Syyeo Bosra. We should not borrow more 24, SoSSoo Ind Sos Hiv eowd. We should be effectionate towards the children. 25, Soiidw Ieyde agvor sodsraleo. ‘We should never be lazy. Doctors should not be negligent towards patients. 26. BY Sh, OS rYdy SoSor SosKrado Elders should not be adamant to the youngers. 27. SoiSsion OYE SSH, SASKPGSD. We should not walk on the right side of the road, 28. 99 wor Babsrde, You should not do like that. 29. D9 Bi womby BEE'Kraes. You should not learn bad habits. 30. Siti TOD SHYT wYo HAs Erde. We should not misunderstand them. 81, So Sot mo bei SSerse. My Father -in-law should not eat sweets. 82, Sostin 2409 SsyHr woder Sedsrdes, We should not underestimate anybody. 33. SoSiwo Igy 2808 SHSM wosT Sahosrdav. We should never underestimate anybody. 34, GS DAGMDS HSso gddro dod wISSssrder. We should not depend on others for everything. 35, Sodio Aoytir ado Dod sHTSdarsdo. We should never depend on others. 96, Hc GSHTw SHS oxer SSgQowsrses Educated people should not behave like uneducated people. 87. 3g SGhe Nykr ergren pobsrtse, ed layin wgred raira. News papers should never write gossips. They should always write facts only. 38. Sen, rdgoio SGouisrse. Husbands should not harass their wives. 99. SoSizio ISS SoSwoSr TH owsrder. We should not hurt anybody's heart. 40. Sodio addoe Ddaired' wsssdor SS50 Duos Brae, We should not interfere in other's affairs/matters. At, Sodio GS Dadirab wos'Hs Shsrseo. ‘We should not get tention for everything. 42, wSSS0BS DEcivo Kod LoiiSoo Sgossreseo ‘We should not discuss about unnecessary things. 43. SoSSa0 CDHSD WAHrowsrdas. We should not encourage corruption. 44, 29 Sao Bsa. You shoul not say lies. 45, C85 OM TY SOTTO Lodarlio dssrads. Officials should not misuse their powers. 46. Thois, Kromods Sissi Tabsoevr IMyserse. ‘We should not elect rowdies and goondas as our leaders, 47. Dow SST ISTE UrdKrSeo. Children should not see movies frequently. 48. 508 wod wiromdo sodsrdés Nobody should have that much of arrogance.a MANOHAR'S Qn}, GONE {80K 555, ‘ A "Should not'' (Questions) We should not go there. (Ssisss. 8,08 S¢6rcsc.) B T¥s0 (sentence) &* Ko ‘should not’ % Siosos* SSErHODS bos Question Sentence (G2 2¥g0) Seywasoa. @o » Shouldn't we go there? (i503 06,48 aeéocir>) | werk b os5d (sentence) § Xs04> when, how, why, where 332585 Question Words (Gz Soren) EQSion8 soxoromg25 Question Sentences (Gz) THZe) Idyseron, TRSGe ORAS ots Bgsramr” eS & oe50) BOARS & GOO DGom r8s ATxwo dosed Question Word + should not + subject + main verb + extra words } Why + should not + we + go + there? 1, SoBe WH, cho Jodde Besrse? 9. 99 9 SDBpeH HBON Dome w Sortie? Why should not we go there? || Why shouldn't you think about your future? 2. BS AW, 68 Docs WSreseo? || 10. soSib00 stesso as Why shouldn't I come here? | Why shouldn't we go to bed immediately after the meal? 8. di & SO ochs dobsraeo? Why should not I do this work? 4, 38> BOSE Dodds Bysrdeo? Why should not I go to movie? 5. SSsw ISOS" ods HS dabxrseo? 13. Sis Srp Docs seidjo wxrsio? Why should not we contest in the elections? I Why shouldn't we take our master as an ideal? 6. Sse AG,S & Dokdo M800 Dodds Smemssrciss? || 44 Why shouldn't we talk about that matter here? 7. 38> B25 Dota wkrcieo? 80 Batosrchio? | Idn't we make promises? 12, HSH EEK Docs wodsrado? Why should not we have the trait of sacrifice’ | 1D Dodsky DOHA wkn deo? Why shouldn't we ask him? 15. 88s Ger Dods8 WSQowKrd és? Why shouldn't I come along with you? | Why shouldn't he behave like that? | 8. SS Rew Dodok Baird? wer Dodds Aosewress? || 16. Sx r¥e Docs SOSSrst? + Why should we do ke his only? Why shouldn't we dolkethat? |) "Why should not I meet them?MANOHAR'S G91},85 BOGE RS0f 885, Can @ass4 sxe) Can #3 helping verb “as 302 Bonson PMN)” BOaHARA. OT isn “Wass Soi" BOavtaomne Can wd helping verb asarhowd. Subject + can + main verb I +can +0 osm Sm Setoss” HOME: LBElie, “Tok, ‘rdw, Sarees, ‘Scio! ‘Osrios SR Siow’. oS atrSod Sdino OS0e “Hows” wt qo Sm00. aiasod Sedtjos "Can" eS helping verb esarhowd. 1. 3m w Bd Habrioas. 14. 8S g08 Shonjosd ak hovs'S Hodvoss, Tcan do it. She can complete all the household chores in an hour, 2. 8 RODES" Smendiiow 18. SoSs00 SYM BH HGosifosso Tcan speak in Eglish. We can achieve anything in unity. 3. Bi to ego Bissttes 16. re odor 9 S3z davKedd, Tcan understand Hindi. He can do anything by himself / on his own, | 4. di Seon 17. 63) 208 SO GOT at AMR! Sadho. | Tcan read Telugu. She can do any amount of work within five minutes, ego AveKom, 18. Si SY DodSeBE wH58 SeEHOX. I can understand your problem. Tcan reach there by any time tomorrow, 6. Ui Lodindod' SSH ato rae Srerdiiod. 19. (PEosyoo 8454 Sadaoifoss. She can speak in five languages including Malayalam Villagers can work hard. ( Malayalam’ w word 9 letters 20. Bat sins wicjom eotriogs Derived Qenirhe ater sotran) You can be ideal to us. 7. 8% 5 Sgm dodrox, 21 do Hoh Hegysor Syagiocs Ican do anything. You can make us all superiors, 8. 3% DBE FGossKows. 22, 8% 2 BF wane Sosow. Tcan achieve anything Ican draw any art. 9. Bi SY o8,.h% Synod. 23. Si > SoSH MA rdH wigios, I can go there tomorrow Tcan become as great as you. 10. 3% GBS Berms'HKow. 24, SrShto Ber HGorstods I can know your address Man can achieve anything. i. SHOwHSS D FEBS SSorvdsrods. Kamalahasan can act any type of character. 12. 68% SS POAZHO* S300 he SorBosiiok He can get a good name in his future. 13. 830 SerSo Sard SOSre0 WTI srdiod, She can watch /see three movies a day continuously, ‘You can go! esr “8% 365)" wd ‘ean I go! wim “S% agian?” wd ugo,MANOHAR's BNI, BOHR {S05 85, ss a Can not (Sada sien) Cannot #3 helping verb “Sch82 Sows" BOARS. SST Sdsw “arbd Show” BOmMaarvé Cannot ws helping verb s2arhord. Subject + cannot + main verb [+ cannot + go eam Sm Sgoa", Koh: 1 BETS, ‘TSS, rade, Pawsss, ‘Sada’ ‘OSTwY, Tasso. oS gino Sdine 2500 “Sid” oS Xyo Siod. stood Sodidjoe Cannot’ eS helping verb & esGrhowd. | 4. dm acwor 28,08 3gee. | 19. di como Sdnstdm, I can't go anywhere alone. || Tean't repay your help. | 2, di der Srepadi, |) 20. 3% Sort encnes Sounds T cannot speak like you. || Tean't say lies like y | 9, dm & ons OxeroaSs. | || 21. wand sabdeogan dastses. T can't stoopdown to your level. We can't remove him from his post. 4. & Dachos! Sis bk Stoo SabTH 22. di Dood wi, TSS. || ~ Tean't help you in this matter. | I can't come there immediately. | 5. b9 & Sirdgh ogo SHESS, 23, i & GSISs SrgSH. | “You can't understand my problem. | ©" Tean't change your behaviour. 6. GaAs WS 28,08 SStyren aS. 24, Si 8 volo B8KBS. ‘Government can't give jobs to everybody. I can't revolve around you. 7, wdx BMY Feytio SrsTd. || 25. dderodo Diy Sh SHAT. He can't giveup smoking cigarettes. Tean't forget you till the end of my life. | 8. rd odor 2 49 Hosa. | 26. dS HASreros BASrOm Giyso SrsBsn. He can't do anything by himself Jon his own. Now we can't see the movies of the kind of the old. | 9, Si sggos Ba 26 Bodw, 27. G8 attr & Homes. IHSE DYDSS. || “Yean't do any hard work. Nobody can ever forget that incident . 10, abinSb Si a8, 89 TS || 20, 8% dont foboatn Base sndBi I can't come here hereafter / henceforth. T can't see movie continuously for three hours. | +1. reo am Sosecr d0rr BadSad. 29. 2% arm Do BobBH, He cannot do even a small work properly. ‘You can't do them anything. 12, Svs SrohS* ROH SSmrisg Wass. 30. wddo Sodom BOSH. I cannot write a leave letter in Hindi. He can't reach us. 13. b% 4.48 wouor 3g89. 31, Si OS0S%Sr 28,58 BESS. You can't go there Zonely / alone. T can't go anywhere with anybody. || 14, Bio aie S8bo BSH. 32, dé dat oBw. || ~~ Now, Lcan't say anything to you. I can't come with you. 45, noS80B IS, Hr Sv 489 SHSM. 33. Sw db eso adds. T can't tell you anything more than this. | I can't write a letter to you. | 16. & oe Si gow Hadords 34. 28" Srinditoow S% #odd®. I can't attend the class today. Tcan't remain without talking to you. 17, 8% aoNhe' Wodtiow wd SredSH. | 35. di 9 Dacinty Gos enwr HYSSS. Tcan write in English but can't speak. I can't forget anything so easily. || 19. 35 & wrntrow Soxsss08 2 Sh SadSw. 36. S00 wr dor ware BUS. Some people can't do any work without having bed tea. Good people can never say lies J =MANOHAR'S ena GoHhhS00 5 = Could / Could not Ex. We can go there = thi» w4,48 Sgtioss. We could go there = tosn #8),48 Sgsdmsy. We cannot go there = DSn 5,48 S¢SSn. We couldnot go there = tim w8,48 Sgokecirsn, 1, di & Sad 5 Adres 1 could do this work within 5 minutes. | 2. dm & Sad 5 ADArOS BaDd I could not do this work within 5 minutes. 2508 d% d WBS SHE KOrrd. T could find your address atlast. Bh & Tog OFT Wootors. I could write this sentence correctly. 5. 8H & HGH SOFT absszron08. She couldn't write this sentence correctly. lle SDb BH TsIIrs. I could not tell her about that matter. 7, di w ddd0c* I could not achieve anything in my life. 8, dS St DSy SeosoPSSBairs I could not meet you yesterday. tho 19475° ayGowgos PosKOmso. We could get Independence in 1947, . S500 Bods BOGS wo RH Soys'iOn0d. She could learn English within two months only. 1, Se Simyto O. 0. SS PSsaind. My brother could not pass B.A. 12, Sh Swood HSE Sadrdsaains, 1 could not attend the class in / on time. 18, F60 Gere SOB IS Si wes SouBsacirso, I could not stay there more than a week. 14. & IndonS 58 MBE Tyoo FabTsHo08. ‘That Heroine could not do justice to her character. That Hero could not act well. ] | 15. & fro! SOm SBosTEoCind |] 16. €2) Sdare Sos Sv dv esto WobBsaindo. || Teould not write a letter to you due to some causes / reasons, 17, dt BY Shoijer ShoHeSsaaindo, I could not study higher studies. | 18. 8% de 9 Aitabo Aadseacind. | Leould not do any help to / for you | 19, di 0% DOSE BYRSMArS, I could not go to movie yesterday. 20. Sif Gdoh Says Ssaainao. I could not learn driving. || "alphabets" = languages (gre) “Sp warjon wonder ds efron Gd Saysidrds.” oS Sross "My son could learn all the alphabets within only five days." 62 Daysracs. Qocs¥o8... "alphabet" = letters used in a language. (28 rd" fo oko.) S808 p Gres My son could learn the entire alphabet" ©2 7. "My son could learn all the letters of the alphabet' #2 TQ B29. I could read few books. I could read a few books.. I could read quite a few books... few = almost nil. a few = some. quite a few = many.MANOHAR'S QNEI,€8 AO/E {8015 595, Can / Could (Questions) “Lean do it.” & x806'9 ‘can’ as; @dogos @sarn0ase008 Question Sentence AB toe08. Can + Subject + Main Verb + Extra words Can+you —+do 1, Can you do it? (0% 26 dostiox?) How can you do it? (83 a6 Je dose?) Where can you do it? (93 28 24,4 doses?) +it ? (8% 26 Babior?) When can you do it? (65 28 Dap AairioH?) What can you do? (3 22) davA0g) Can &* Questions 2. 04 nofSet Sreréior? Can you talk in Engli 3. 8% trod wYo Hidsiiom? Can you understand Hindi? dY Bert JSShor? Can you read Telugu? & DUahos' HY TH Stoo dabiom? Can you help me in this matter? & Dicos 3% Hk Jer SSt00 daisioxo? How can I help you in this matter? 4 3% aW,.a8 oKor? Can you come here tomorrow? 8.89 99 a,b Der ovoH? How can you come here tomorrow? 9. D4 6,88 2obor Sgiox? Can you go there alone? 10. 08 Kobe DY & 5D HEdadtor? Can you finish this work in one hour? 1h a8, fobs" DY & 5D der HOciitos? How can you do this work in one hour? 12, 59 ab,d8 Sxor over? Can you come here early? 6. OS #858 Dodds BYdH? Why can't you go there? 7. SoS w DSH rads? Can't we see that movie? 8, SoSiSo0 w RAST odds sradsn? Why can't we see that movie? Could &* Questions Tcould. doit = 4% 28 dostoms, Could you do it? = 54 28 dosKoma? 2. d% 28 de dabiory? How could you do it? 3. 89 2B Igy dabdiomy? When could you do it? 4.29 28 28,6 Bosorg? Where could you do it? 5. OY Dd Haviory? What could you do? Couldn't & Questions I could not doit = 3% 26 dodsrcivss. | " Could you not do it? }os 2B dobdsarosrr? Can't &* Questions Tcan not doit = 8% 28 daddi% it? Can you not do it? pos aaa Can't you do it? 2. 9% 28 Jokes Baby? Why can't you do it? 3. 09 a8,68 08a? Con't you come here? 4. 99 Noto TBH? Why can't you come? 5. bY 08,68 gsr? Can't you go there? Couldn't you do it? 2. 9% Joch ab SobBsrairy? | Why could you not doit? or Why couldn't you do it? 3. 29 dodss 56K errr waddsHoiry? Why could you not write examination well? 4.99 sof sosoma? Could you read English? 5. TY AB, G8 Docow CBsAaird? Why couldn't they come here?MANOHAR'S andi, aoHR %306 5G, "Want to" (Scirod wxsooms) Sime) “Acsrod ed seowsy” af S99 Soasaanwas "Want to " oe helping verb & aoGrhowd, Note: Helping Verb Str& Main Verb Gnd; BaGG rsa) esr main verb Ges, Present Tense Forms 730. - 1. dm 208h SaySromwohays Subject + Want to + Main Verb 1 + wantto + learn--- English hss 20S SaFromsomwT)S9 SD RoHS IH Frommodnyd. ‘We want to learn English. She wants to learn English. a a STomhoir) GH. dg anh Say fremhomany es i Fo ad owt He wants to learn English. 1S Su: Soko. Bd B0AS Sdn Frommowayd. 2% sos DAES eee It wants fo learn English. ‘They want to learn English. I, we, you, they-------- 968 Wantto es&rhowd. he, she, it-------- 56 Wants to esarhowO HHIW: LBeewbomways” Trowoers’, ‘srToswowa)s’, BawmlrossowAD', ‘PPomvowA) mH’ QTEssoomsT)\’, AcyfrommommTs’. wf airdoh Sdiine OSog “wrsomway" eS qo S08. aindod Rosidjos* "want to'’ wd helping verb aaGriowd. 2, & 68,0 Srossootway. 13, GO ADSOS' OES DGD LBowred wae wsosootnay. T want to go there. ‘The people want defeat the ruling party inthe forthcoming elections. 3. Sx wSryon OES Bromsooww06b. 14, Smt Si & soge Bdtresosooewayis. My daughiter wants to become a doctor. First I want to complete this work. 4, 3& EdSos' IBS HHomred wiosoimaye. 18. So dove KH00d Din ddgserd TdtqOd widsroiwaySw. T want to achieve something in my life. We want to launch an agitation about our salaries. 5, BB 88 TSS VY Ass arosso0t08, 16. & Sx S08 3% 8 erido Srdciromsoimanss, She wants to marry her brother-in-law. T want to give up drinking Tea from today onwards. 6, Ga BY Aas roisosotw0 17, Bio Sopso6 Adysrossooiway. She wants to get married, T want to learn computer. 7, B& Sod Hb Buysroswoiways. 18. d& 9 nbd TrVmsolnays. I want to get a good name. T want fo come here tomorrow. 8. me BON TY dyynive SQHTomwmwoioTYw. 18. Bi > dddoo" YosrosHrobyeys ‘They want to go back to their native place. T want to settle in my life. 9. & Ser Hod dw 7 TYDS Joamosswoiways. 20. Ak & Ddoboo* HE Sstddo Dairosovoodoayte. want to stand on my own feet from today onwards T want to help you in this matter. 10. & SoDd 5S HS gow SHS aTposwotwoG, 21, di So Crjond WES Haivososooiway®, That company wants to give bonus to iB employees. T want to make my daughter a doctor, 11, A& OEE Lod ag Bdyossooenay®. 22, 3% 98,66 Storr merosmsoimays. T want to tell a good news fo you. T want £0 come here early 12, Ss Supphoo@me Gaok Suhhs Ios eoborodsoinayse|| 23. Si ash Scysroseootoay®. cha hater wa poi den adiniratn te people I want Barn Banee 27—$ rrr EEE MANOHAR'S 041,65 GOHR h 80 S85, 24, Sk onde Brossootwayio. I want to become an Engineer. | 26. Si & oer mer 28,5 50 BoSrommoimays, | I want to do a lot of work today 25. Si & SoH My doivossmoiays. 27. S89 d S08 wer Sdysromsboimayis I want to post this letter. Il I want to learn a lot from you. “& Ce Sm © oar 6.0.0 sr@omhomaS” "Today 1 want to see that movie on T.V. (26 ‘on! & weve ‘in’ AdarnosErae.) . ss 52 "Wanted to'' || “Bairomtoay ss” oS ax S90 BOceoawas "Wanted to” oS helping verb & esarnowe. Meek: LL Sgesways” Troswa\w, rToLhw, Toatronor, PPWOTD|S QWTOLLKI|S, SyFTomBrs. oS aivsoS sdsvo |) I BST “SHIT” WF tyo Sod. aivSoS Sodtjoe "wanted to" oS | helping verb > ea@rhord. TH Sorohwoms. rh Posdsratri |] 1. 8% a¥,de Som oressBoayH 3 dead I wanted to come here early. I wanted to achieve so much in my life. But I couldn't, 2, 3h d& eddo Waived TErPw eiway. I wanted to write a letter to you many times. |] 4. ae ag Sued aoktd hndatvo an,de* doprowsays | | They wanted to admit their children in E.M. School. "Don't Want to" I want to come with you (3% ds Tressotomyss) 1. I don't want to come with you Gi As rseneZs.) | 2. We doh't want to come with you (53 98 eden) | 3. They don‘t want to come with you (> 26° edoxsede) I, we, you, they -- 26E don't want to ssBrhowd. he, she, it- 268 doesn't Want to 22&rhord 4, She doesn't want to come with you (e33 43° céoxs8Ses,) 5. He doesn't want to come with you (©3% d6° odows'Ses) 6. It doesn't want to come with you (26 35° oSexs8Eco,) || ds odors Sen, I don't want to come with you Ba wH,G8 SCOSE'SSoTS. I don't want to go there 3, Sm dst SoenrOd wmsSde. I don't want to talk to you ASSL So AH,S8 TSOss'SS. Hereafter, I don't want to come here & Ser Si OH, c6b Bgsoretsaer I don't want to go anywhere today S& Forw00d rssisowsdser. I don't want to bother about anything 7. Bi di) DD. eases, I don't want to ask you anything. 8, 3H 2509 dirHosdorese I don't want to criticise anybody. 9, 8% 240 M0 Dh Srersdowe'Se. I don't want to talk anything about anybody. 10. a&ddid TYS" AsSows'Se. I don't want to go with them hereafter. M1. BBdocies Dio DASPEr drsdoxosser, I don't want to see the movies hereafter. 12, thi host wdows'de, We don't want to come with you. K 23 ye : EMANOHAR'S @nSIE BOLE {SOK 55, " Want to" Questions "I want 0 learn English." & 5508 30% ‘do'd SQSt20n8 Question Sentence Dd oé06, Do you want to learn English? (9 a0h3 SéySrvmsotaya? ‘Why do you want to learn English? (0% 202% docats SsystrossS0t0a79? How do you want to learn English? (3 a00S de acy SrombotayS? When do you want to learn English? (8% 208% diye Seysrosesootuany? What do you want fo learn? (6% So Acys'rerssoiwan9?) I, we, you, thi he, she, - 58% do ssBrhowd. 28F does asGrhord She wants to learn English (s2> 200% See rosteotn%A) Does_ she want to (not ‘wants to’) learn English? (22 20h Si S'oessoomyr?) Why does she want to learn English? (32 30% Jocnt Sigs rvs sotwsS?) OY 28,48 ACOmoiwayH? Where do you want to go? & BCom mwoiwmyH? you want to go the DY 7S" Dd. SripTomsotwa79? What do you want to talk to me? dO TE & TLE wS_VoToswowayr? Do you want to invite them to this party? 7.9 FOS" dH ngw Eromsoiways? In which shop do you want to buy clothes? AY Mo Hhowososootmayy? What do you want to achieve? 9. OH Doo eayosotmayH? What do you want to become? 10. Dat Demo's Joc QUSMoisroiwayo? Why do you want to settle in only Visakha? 11. dY aby Odo HosrossootwayG? What do you want to do now? "Don't Want to" Questions I don't want to learn Hindi (S%& sr08 Sey S'rows'So0E&) S800) don't & rks Ssosos’ SAriodSy0n3 Question Sentence’ (zy 50) Idyea0d. eq + Don't you want to learn Hindi? (04 2708 Sey Srems'Soodr?) Why don't you want to learn Hindi? (25 doc Sro6 Sdns'romssooséo7) 2. She doesn't want to learn Hindi. Doesn't. she want to learn Hindi? (wi tro6 2a 6'ro%s'So08a7) Why doesn’t she want to learn Hindi? (a> doas8 trod Scysirosse'S0d?) 2.6 Te oe 1. 0% 68,48 SrOmsSdo Sar? Don't you want to go there? rSoSSGo Sr? Don't you want to come with me? 3. 99 TEh Doceh Korosos'Sso Bt? Why don't you want to meet them? 4, BS Db Asoxdedar? Don't you want to say anything? DY TES Joc Srégwoss'Sdo SH? Why don't you want to talk to them? OD & Sor 25,68 SHOME'Sdo Ser? Don't you want to go anywhere today? REMSe HY TYS' BOSrOw% Iochw Besos SH? ‘Why don't you want to go to movies with them hereafter? Uh & AE sho Iodh datross'sdo Si? Why doesn't she want to do this job?Se ——— — MANOHAR'S B9213,65 BOHR {80H 5%, SST PE ON) Od) Sroeo 1. 7B Bers. 23, Sr& Somododsod Svs T know | "As far as we are concerned. 2. rh erm Boos 24. & DAFOE SomoGodSod S58. T know very well As far as this issue is concerned. | 3. aro BOG, 25, act Bay, | T don't know Don't say any more. 4, TB wawo Bodo 26. & wired Scoers'Sey. I don't know either Don't miss this opportunity. 5, 78 Dd BOM. 27. Mb SM Srenasey. I don't know anything. | Don't talk too much. 6. wh toh BOddd. 28. NSA OY sews" T don't know Hindi Mind your own business. 7. 289 gop Berm? 29, onde rrr? | Do you know English? Do you want water? 8 wh ohh Sgr Bors. 30. 8 af ma Sod Sinko. I know English a little. Get me a glass of water. 9. Béo Bavood. 31. Sovodoso dirdod. “Put on the light. / Switch on the light Look ahead. | 10. Blo woySosood. |) 32. 8% wiye a% Put out the light / switch off the light. Listen to me. 1. WS TOS. 33. & DISP Ievtood&osootwayto? Don't argue with me How is the talk of this film? 12. Kiger Sree. 34, & BASF ertoodsosootmayeo. Speak aloud. The talk of the film is good. 13. Keger ee 35. OH ds) Feokd? Don't speak aloud. Howmanyeth son are you to your parents? 14, BSB Srerdod, 36. SoH Dosw Sir Bovsod. ‘Speak in a Tow v Please down your head a little. 15. 8 ABO Dy, 37. 0 Bh vorrty SrHE. Tell me the truth. Giveup your bad habits. 16, warpes Bay. 38, S0d women Syst Dont say fies. Learn good habits. |] 17, dara erste, 39, 646% oe. Don't hide the truth. Don't come near. 18. Byrd. 40. Sctoisy) J08? = Don't get angry. How old are you? | = 19. DOSS GY. 41. & Ste BE 208? Don't get disappointment. Whaat is the date today? 20. Th BODRSosSdK. 42. 24S BE Jods? As far as I know / to the best of my knowledge What was the date yesterday? | 21. Th SomogodSod Sos. 43, Bio wer WADE. As far as I am concerned. I don't think so. 22. T¥k HomoHodsod Sd. 44. m8 Sg. As far as they are concerned. Don't go anyware. |MANOHAR'S B9ai,65 BOs &806 555, 45, Do eOSodSob aw SSgreren. thanks for your compliments 46. Si bh wer esa eay. Towe you a lot 47. & @ombom Ago’. go this way 48, 264 a8 ter on some day 49. SS SSIS HOS on some day if not today 50. 3O8md Bdabkrd. knowingly or unknowingly | | 51 oss sar don't be hasty 52, d8 agawdsey dats. do as you like” Polite Requests Bchis dot rh & Ssabo Dobie? Will / would / can / could you please do me this help? 2, Sabds & Diovoe* ht wh sstobo dor? Will you please help me in this matter? 8. SoH dow 7 Ss0i err? Will you please understand my problem? Soils Doo Bio addroro? || Will you please move aside? ego Bao | 5. Goble heswo aias chor? Can you please come here once? abd b de Sgr Gomer? Will you please down your head a little? 7. Sods bot dHgorr worn? Will you please keep quiet? oid Bio THO doe Som Dosro? Will you please listen to me properly? 9. Gobid do 65 rh Swern? Will you please tell me your address? | 10. Soil Docs SSGm Srendoeoro? Will you please speak in a low voice? 1 |} 12 18, | 14. 6. 16. 8. 19, SobSS do wh ak me Hondy Sswoovor? Can you please get me a glass of water? Bob8 doo ark od aor? Would you please give me the way? Soh dot wh ds Diy aH asso? Can you please give/lend me your pen once? SohdS dots wh BSSs BdLOES wo ardor? ‘Will you please show me the way to Srikanya Theatre? SoLBD doo wm Ber Sos OF adgriow? Will you please give me lift upto Vizag? Bobi dowd ark Fy was wo srsrion? Can you please show me the way to Post Office? . SoBe Dao w8 why adshoor? Can you please lend me money? SabHe ho SS dmow? Will you please tell me the time? Sohid BdyrS HH dostor? Can you please fillup the telegram form?MANOHAR'S BOSIAE GONE 80H 55, Same VERB used in different Structures et woSSOH Sty) NowS Sedo as Main Verb x 22) Sear ssarnosioar & God Dsdor Baysmsa. saries "write eS Verb & dax0mro... T have to write a letter to my friend... iD TP DPB aSSo Weird. . don't have to write a letter to them. We must write a letter to them. do TY% SHLow adto Tadd. BETO AY wer MoSrscs. S&H BoPSS S880 Wabiorw. > trode! O5 BLE arSH. i> St ASTD) OAS Todsorss. Bi db e800 WoBssurs. Si TYS S850 Woromswvowr, Bie & GTQ) 28) Tarosmrs. A SS sho WordowSBe. You should not write like that in the letter. I can write a letter in English... I cannot write a leave letter in Hindi. .... 1 could write this letter in English, . I could not write a letter to you. Ye NAA a wD am I want to write a letter to them. 10. I wanted to write this letter yesterday. 1. I don't want to write a letter to her. DGS BHI WSTD)S wSido TH Se. Swoceir 135 DAS‘0 "Have t ‘hapter & oi: English & Correct 7 32sOA0s S88 wS Chapter 2 thorough m study Saipo8. w Sore. VERBS & Sx S60 different structures & use Bcdgdio practice Basgo8. S038 TENSES 86508. 365 ‘Sé Sod 565 SE Su thorough m study 55 STS 565 DES Bays Osor $d) VERBS & S59 78D different tenses o use Badsdo practice Baesod. © SOs8 FD) VERBS SHE2 THO wd) structures Sx ©) Tenses Ci use Badpo8. ak Verb @2) Structures S%, 2) Tenses S% wysosor ssGrnosiOnd Dw 8B Tso SbH b Tow, eOSareH English & Correct * Communicate $osH04 ability 2 Tooasroges. So Srard Shoo! G8Sr& Id as STRUCTURE £28 md TENSE €'98 7d 8300. IsBr SHS SripHoY YH TOD Kedowos. TH Srens GS Berto Srox English & 2 STRUCTURES BayO, 2 TENSE & BI7O wS DAcira Lot we'Dod w dialogue x do bd English & sm Bgysod. SOTS 155 DE Hod 585 Lb Svs Ko Questions ©2088 Answers <> Correct m Bawa, Practice Bcego8. SasS Active & Passive Voice, Direct &Indirect Speech oi Study Baisod. & Chapters o 8%) dialogues > Sra Speaking Practice Se Sys oS 686° SOFD) dialogues % Dow Bosom BSyiond SPS’ SH TSo dD wos, eHe dros English & effective m communicate Sos04 Talent so | Poodsrsgre. HOT Sowss TIPS Soo Si (Swords) Contact Beijos. 32 2) dialogues 62,089 wareiney Sr SSB. Sos BBQ SOEs ova) © Chapter 9 Boots dialogues ©2}089 af,8,0r wétiseso’. TH Ah GS Beate dialogue § Sogss English dialogue 9 Sts BS 6Gm Bayod. eer Gomre'n Bento SrsoMoSd favs Beth Srsereor BEGOE Beis Srimssy ne Lis Sosget Sod) wadom St SteyS) English dialogues x use Bdipos. Sorihs Sréndars gs Hise! SodeySadomr English Srénsird) af wore GOS. 2G SGSS ScS0 Chapters S 4%) dialogues ©2089 study Besrg0, Speaking Practice Basrs0. "Have to! S08 ‘Don't want to’ chapter Su8> study H2s Soys 32 5 det BS Ogor sa)MANOHAR’S B0611,65 GONE {50H 595, : Combined Structures 208808 S&S, Helping Verbs & Chaye to’ x08 ‘want to’, ‘don't want to'sss to | helping verbs w2089) "Structures" e= soarhe SSSoe Sdn Hecddooma) Hs, | nxcio Sate Bent. & God adgabs Teswom Mdosed. GS DEpSaim Toth SOc | "Structures!" asGrhodde 608. 1. If you want to pass the exam, you have to study well. (or) You have to study well if you want to pass the exam. | by S88 SS eromwo, Oy om Sard. 2. If L want to go there, Ican go there (or) I can go there if I want to go there. Bw ©, GE DQowsod Tm Sgiiow. 3, We should not borrow money when we cannot repay it. Boh BQsTSYw Loo Gen) oY) Bodsrdes. 4, Although I wanted to come here yesterday I could not come here. Bae d8) amas Trvssosysj ds Se alas THIAcirs. 5, She can speak in Telugu but she cannot read, wh Beies' Srénciiod Td SSTH. 6. If 1 want to buy a necklace, I can buy it. dio BES PH Tosotood THe, Kew 7. They could not decide who should go. Sw Boda TH dynos Ssarcire. 8. You don't have to give me advice, | know what I have to do. dg Thsote aessste St. SI Udire’ TH Bows. || 9. You don't have to come here today, but you have to come here tomorrow. bg & Ca ah, a8 wasnt SH. 7a Su DH BGs THO. 10. If you want to go to movie, you have to take tickets in advance. by RdArs Bromsod NH Sodan S8h Sxerd. 11. If you want to achieve it, you can definitely achieve it. bg wS Showowbol, 4 som Pooiiioy. 12. If I want to go anywhere, I haye to take permission from my family members. | Ax O8,48T BEomho¥, S&H T Seow Spo Hod ews Susro 13. If you want to become thin, you have to stop eating sweets. dg SHaTomMsByeoG Ny) SSdo Srdcird. 14. If you want to speak in good English, you have to study it well, Dg Hod aoNSS' Srenw@ossood NH woHSs wr wdgcdoso Baird.MANOHAR'S BOSH, BOf}E {Sob 5°6, Questions & G0 argoas Sto& nw Posor armen Bsod. 1. Can you write a letter in English? Have you a own house? Where do you have to go now? How should we keep our hous Don't you have to go to duty today? Can you come here tomorrow? Can you help me in this matter? How should we behave with others? een anewp Do you want to go anywhere now? 10. Can't you do it for me? 11. What do you want to become? 12. Can you wait for me for an hour? 13. What do you want to talk to me? 14. Don't you want to come with us? 15. Can you understand Hindi? 6. What should we do before taking meals? | 17. When do you have to go there? 18. Do I have to tell them anything? 19. Howmuch money you have to give them? 20. Where do I have to meet you?MANOHAR'S BON, BOHR {SOl SG, E "TENSES Tense wir ‘Time’ (roo) 6d ego. English & Src EPSQs Tenses eTjon. wD - 1. Present Tense (Present Time) (S847 S00) 2. Past Tense (Past Time) (gré Too) | 3. Future Tense (Future Time) (62%¢6 S00) * ford Main Tenses Sof & G08 O60m Sh¥ooSaderon. Present Tense Past Tense Future Tense 1. Simple Present Tense Simple Past Tense Simple Future Tense || 2. Present Continuous Tense | Past Continuous Tense Future Continuous Tense || 3. Present Perfect Tense Past Perfect Tense Future Perfect Tense 4. Present perfect _ Past Perfect Future Perfect | Continuous Tense Continuous Tense Continuous Tense | Note 1: PS BOLS 12 Tenses & 2406 wons Future Perfect Continuous Tense BQSo usage H Sv. Note 2: Past Perfect Continuous Tense %2 Indirect Speech & S782 28,9 use BIS. SoSo aye D Tense x I4yu use Bsr, 2 Tense s I sro | Srepwd wS Mcira) Msor Iamsowrsn. | Simple Present Tense (eormr 34 sme, ao0= sg7e) | sori BS Show, Sada TQro% Simple Present Tense & Bayo. aorints : “Sh © Ryirhow adres Toi", “S&H Sar TE Sotoo Sysodrsn”, “Teh GS FTG HAS Bor”, “SdH Tor KT TRH", ‘wt eodor t SSpdowwoa”, “Artyt ErwyjS eSanmso"---—-So8 Srsow Simple Present Tense 3 srerwd. || So 4: - & Tense & Subject S78 Verb Bb, B58 SD wsr Present Tense Form & @a@rhow®. SS 2: - & Tense & Subject Third Person-Singular Number & as) Gao Verb8 's' 7a ‘es!’ ma BONO. T, We ox First Persons wx, ‘You' & second person wis, S2hOS subjects ©2)089 third persons x SObBoT9. OO:-1 “Sh & Drow agra TRoirm’, Subject + Verb's Present Tense I + write (sm “Ax WRoerie” I write-- what? 'T write letters’ est, Sx | adorn eroerse, 25982 ‘to my friends’ Sak Bayh TO Tho ar V0Sw_wHLod. | "T write letters to my friends’MANOHAR'S 89213, GOHE & 80H 645, hbo Sr Hokh§ G5) Ermyoerdn. We write letters to our friends. Note : she, he, it o> third person singular number &* 439. S98 verb so 's' iq) ‘writes’ wa SréneoorSn. ds by Hokhé BH ersgoero. 2, Sh Ser oo Soke soJ soins, You write letters to your friends. Tread News Papers everyday. TR TS Hoh! 56H wrayer. 3. PQ GS Warde HAE Swoercs. ‘They write letters to their friends. They go to Temple on every Saturday. 10. 1 12, wad 5S HORSE BH4 wrezotnod. 4 Bhs Te Shr ah, She writes letters to her friends. He writes very neatly. | edi SS HGS SG) Wiyoere. 5. Sab er Sodom SHeeootss06. She smiles very beautifully. 6. Srthsco SrwyS adonirss. 19. SoSiiaa THM SHyev DAoero. ‘The Sun rises in the East. ‘We do / make mistakes some times. & iy Dacre Loco 34308 |] 20. Gersso: Ge SoSe\to Bg Nwek Sod ercyeo WsEiQod, Governament announces Nandi awards to the best fms every yea, 21, EB Igytin FESWo SxSdo Gos08., She takes always vegetarian food only. Ud Sees Hokereot08. 22, wo KoTBdyer woosOosdsoi08. She wears a different saree every day. She adorns herself with a lot of ornaments. S5ch RiDey eer Ihy,hr wevyoerd 23. wd Sdow wor IkySr WevHedots08, He smokes cigarettes a lot. She reads Novels a lot. 3% Wade edhe 8 wrdoir® 24. Si Star SompgbS HEE Soir. I drink tea everyday in the morning. Bb Sduiy HISrovw Ieotwod. I go to computer class every day. | 25. a2 Gam .D. inmoers. She goes to movies frequently. | She watches T.V. everyday. 18. nomgo SHE HASrer SnWt SeLaso Sirsgoineo. || 26. waco Agywr EB eweosoerdo Jandhyala directs only comedy movies. He plays Cricket always. 14 wregotnod. w9 i wide Denibe* wrigotrs. || 27. dio aol sym Srepdorw, wd ent I8ySr Srerdow. She writes to me in English, but I write to her in Telugu. speak in English alittle, but I speak in Telugu a lot. 15, 3g inon Sehyoodisn Sky wer wOSSom srigotrea. || 26. O8odd BOSE em SHAE All their family members treat me very affectionately.|| _ Chiranjivi acts very well in movies. 16, wad Igydr TF mG Goivod. 29. 3% DBOHS' RISrOb Soins. She eats my brain always . I go to movies in holidays. 17, 839 DSysr OE a8 Dhatdo Mood wS'DS0tn08. |] 30. So SYS .D. Srvgoers She thinks always about something or the other, I watch TV. rarely. 1B. wi ub Bg OHS, me dayke Og ISPS TOF digoirsr. 31. Si Siam 98,08 9 Nobo Sigodrm. He is a worst director. He always directs worst films,| I come here daily at 9 a.m. & G08 Srbeo Som Simple Present Tense S08 Sxon. 1. This is a class room 4, They are my friends. 2. Lama student, 5. He is very clever. 3. She is a housewife. 6. Thagarapuvalasa is my native place. WAOS : SGvss, HIS Plow So adwow jb) Simple Present Tense OS Bw, Ex.:- 1, The here saves heroine 2, The heroine falls in love with the hero. 3. The hero kills the villain in the climax. 37.MANOHAR’S BnSIye Gofik 80 SH, Br Scbd Te HodTe...eSNS DH SerS HHgdso.’ oD Baywae "He is very childish." ©2 SrérésrGcy. Jocesow... | childish = foolish - | childlike = innocent, x8 p dro "He is very childlike” ed srezwo. Simple Present Tense (Negatives) Simple Present Tense 8 308% Verbs G0 ASor Idysron. do+write = write do+come == come does + write = writes does + come = comes do+speak = speak do+go = go does + speak = speaks does + g0 = goes J write letters to my friends eam | I do + write letters to my friends © eo BRET. iyo ‘do’ § ‘write’ § Sods ‘not! BoySboxd & Eod som negative sentence Is\&H08. Ex, :- Ido not write letters to my friends. ba ego “dis = (bo)é D&S) wads" wo. ear " 66) oD euTe TH BH” od BQT)So. ed Oger She writes letters to her friends os She does + write letters to her friends 7 eS0 3&ETO. iyo ‘does’ 8 ‘write’ 8 cobp ‘not ' $oyS2on8 negative sentence D8 i608. Ex, :- She does not write letters to her friends 50 Go “wt 6S Hoa)S FHS) Sodas” wd Soo. 2. He smokes cigarettes {| He does + smoke cigarettes. . He doesn't smoke cigarettes = edm DiTin TO}. | 3. B wm) Toro Deer Sw. | Subject +.do not + main verb loes not This bus does not go via Rajam. 4, BBs woSOE Hover BYotwoB. Hd wD HSossss Jas Day DuahSiido Dodo 3g. ‘She teaches morals to every one bu she does'tfollow them at al This bus doesn't go via Vizianagaram. | 5. d& w Hirde egres Wad. 9. Sd wdrSo wis Bear | || Ido not write letters to my friends. She doesn't go to office on Sundays. 6. ub 3S Yirhow agres odd. | 10. & iy Sor waded. | She does not write letters to her friends | _ This pen doesn't write properly. | 7. 0D FO, SS8eo SSSd. 1 seine: dd SOR Fd TH PSose, || | ‘She doesnot read News Papers. || Politicians teach morals but they do not follow them. || 38,MANOHAR'S B941},65 GO &8ob S45, | 12, Sao TES 0 Sr BsSootv08. SroPStJo Sso8'eo.|| 18. eS IS6 80h Béorr Srenacs. She takes vegetarian food only. She doesn't take |] She doesn't talk bad about anybody non-vegetarian food. 19. Ga I Sr I50 Mod0h Seo Srérder. 18, 7d ok BOTO . Teh OWE a8 Ordon Sor woydy: She never talks bad about anybody Hee isa miser, He doesn't spend even a single rupee a day, 20. sao ISOS Sr Qk, drench. 28,6 BY. Boss soins, She doesn't talk more to anybody ere on Sundays. I stay at home only. 4, 3H sarrgs don't go any 21. ©Sh> WSSSIOM ah, Erdon Sow poy nyc. 15. 7D SO Hobe. She does't spend even a single rupee unnecessarily. | They don't do any work 16. Bad D DAdird) God Hg HMysH. vd TY sobs SrWSn GdSonw at, ADS" HH Mads, She doen't forget any matter so easi 22, Sr SBS a0’ 2 SD dade, gydr Aad sotv08. My sister-in-law doesn't do any workin home. She always sleps. 23, Si SSour SOSA, But her husband forgets everything in a minute. || _Idon't read novels 17. Sosis08 prs torts, Sodizo8 erbceo 24, Si IGyie SSoe SSH. Some people like village life. Some people ont | Inever read novels. like village life. | ae 25. FodSo08 IS6s Sr pains Srérdee. Some people don't talk politely with anybody Simple Present Tense (Questions) Ex.1:- 1 write letters to my frieds. lo + write I do write letters to my friends Do you write letters to your friends? 43 8 (08s 8 wszoers? When do you write letters to your friends? 53 8 ous AOyw 545, wayjoery? Why do you write letters to your friends? 4% 8 Goss 20% 305 ersgoerg? How do you write letters to your friends? 83 8 0&8 3 BG WHOIS? | Ex.2:- She writes _ letters to her friends. loes + write She does write letters to her friends Does she write letters to her friends? v2: 8% Go4$ 584 wsgoimor? When does she write letters to her friends? ua 33 moms AByH BL wiotsv08? Why does she write letters to her friends? va ai (0058 Joss BLE Esyot00d? How does she write letters to her friends? wa 45 (048 der B46, weQot08? Ido not write letters to my friends. Do you not. write letters to your friends? 24 8 jo8§ 585 wads? (or) Don't you write letters to your friends? 9 2 @o48 348 wasa? Why Don't you write letters to your friends? 54 9 @ofs Jodsm B45 wos? She does not write letters to her friends. Does she not write letters to her friends? wz 35 Goms 805 oso? (or) Doesn't she write letters to her friends? ox 6% Boss 85 aber? || Why Doesn't she write letters to her friends? wa 4% (08 $ 048, dos8 rosso? 39)MANOHAR’S BNI, BONER HSH 84, 2, dw um wH,d8 otoss SQoirg? Question word +_ does + do + you Why + g0 + subject + main verb + extra words + there every day ? DS wh dio Der ShoirH? How do you go there? . BSc HWY TDsyoera? Does he smoke cigarettes? . eSch HN TENT? Doesn't he smoke cigarettes? bi ©8880 Ofer BQourr? Do you go there daily? . 2% @BSt Dodsbo BHEPH? Why do you go there? by ab 48 Sten Sigoerar? Do you come here daily? by Sar Odo Seyoirs? ‘What do you do every day? 10, Sado SoS PySospaskHs Scoveo Tay Tiyotro? ‘When do we celebrate our Independence day? 11. DY wer dodoh ASyoLrG? Why do you do like this? ws DE der Snereosoots08? How does she talk to you? 12. 48. ar Ob Avo Dod aMoerds? Howmuch salary do they give you? 14, 0% GerS Qos Say pdyddodooers? Howmuch money do you spend for a day? 68% Ow8 Ja) Bien Poysoirds? Howmany cigarettes does he smoke per a day? & aby PETG DodorF Soto? Does this bus go via Kakinada? Dov 08,6 dotwoereo? Where do you live? bo way Sob arm Bioirn? Does your mother make cooking well? wh der HEdoErch? How does he teach? 26 She rm Hhwhoirr? Do you sing songs well? ) pdyow dSco ager asgoerss? ‘Who gives you money for your expenses? Sco Star Sng Doerr? Does he go to duty daily? . 24 HBSard eye wdigwoirs? When do you celebrate your Birth Day? bY E85 ehaotra? Do you play cricket? Tee a,MANOHAR’S B98I,63 BOHR 2.805 8°, Present Continuous Tense (@2¢0 sane oSén Srinher &hOyh wd Swoxs Present Continuo & Tense & Subject S278 am /is/are oF 338 Helping Ver Helping Verb St8 Main Verb & 'ing' form % 8030. 1, Bi HASTE SQTY®. Tam going to a movie oie BOSE Beans. We are going to a movie 3. DY RASPE BQTY You are going to a movie 4, TH BdSHE BIN. They are going to a movie 6. ed HdSrE 3QHE. She is going to a movie 6. edt BOATS SQA} He is going to a movie Ke 7. She is cooking in the kitchen 8. 6. She is working in Stee! Plant. |] 9. Se emnos om segame ‘My son is studying well: | 10. So etinyons erm SSSdo Be, My daughter is not studying well. 11. dso ba Soiges SSrard’ Ios" ‘VS DATO». | Volurtaray Organizations are going a lot of service to the society. Some people are prai Some people are crit 13, Bio agi wg Sev: Now I am going to meet them. 14. em 08,6 SdBdimoese Toso 91 | ‘She is not working there, She is working somewhere els. 15, Bi SHSGS ScoHsTYS. 1am reading Bhagavadhgeetha | 16. dots & 00d Srenees'Sdo S: dDdcie thOod Srerdotvotwmysn We are not speaking about you. We are taking about some other matter / another matter. 17. TO 0HS EBS SHETTY. They are paying Cricket there. 18, Sivo ast 25,48 Bxdho Seo. Now I'am not going anywhere. 19, 3h Tho GSSar KIMTye. Lam observing them every day. 20, wer S08 Ht TY HBS wgovo Sobsodar. Somany doctors/Most of the Doctors are not doing justice to their profession. 21, Sm dS Sco Bad. Tam not coming with you. 22. Q8 ar Sis TYS HSot Srendaoays. Everyday I am talking on telephone to them. 23, Go OWISI.S YS PS6 S0SyHS. She is working as a stenographer in the BHPY. 24, Svo TY SHBOONSSYSE, TY TH SrvoorsoSa. Although I am co-operating with them they are not co-operating to / with me. 25, toSoos 2 8 So EIS Iddotosinsgansiov. We are all looking forward to your arrival anxiously. 26. & Ddchos* Goddr TH SHSOSQITY. All are co-operating with me in this matter. 27. & DAcos* TH IStr SrsoorboS&. Nobody is co-operating with me in this matter 28, Qebajo adbioSrre So IS) Sdodroires 8OyYH]S, Government is providing many facilities for weaker sections, 29, Si ayo wedarsHHe 7H Diydo Tus. Although I am asking them , they are not telling me. 30. & Sart en, Sotros' wd Some HIScosorye. Now adays women are competing with men in almost every field of life. 31. di GDS edt Sgotmays, When I am switching on T.V,, he is asking not to do 32, BAgTer Vaoyns SpSbsorr erGyor rsHs GSoSeo TAgaQom. Opposition Parties are making irresponsible statements against the government. wy zy,MANOHAR'S 981,63 BONR A806 55, x Present Continuous Tense (Questions) _ ‘They are going to a movie, _ : Are they going to a movie? ne sa5r8 SQayr? Why are they going to that movie? PE © DOEE Dome Syanw? Where are they going? TE DH,GE Sqn? When are they going? Day Saw? Are they not going to a movie? Th LNSTE Bao Er? Why are they not going to a movie? PH ROSTE Dots ayo Sa? 2. oh Pond Bow? Is she going to Kakinada? 21. FOMed TEA wer Qows SQM? Why are the police beating them like that / so. 22. BSc adytio Dd. ScHaaye? What is he studying now? 28. OS 28,6 Hod a8,08 Says? Where from are you coming here? 24. 09 BBE SddxQr>O? Are you working anywhere?. 25. dH Ir Sddavdo Sa? Are you not workig anywhere? 26. I BN 28,3 doemayes? Where are they living now? 27. So Bor H8S6gow BhIGomr? Are you preparing for any competitive examination? 28, Si Diy both Dotwayo? Are you listening to me? 29. Bi TS dow asco dm? Are you not listening to me? 90. 4 aH, Signor? Are they coming here? 12, BY BE Docs Sigany? ————— Why are you doing like this? 18. 29 wer Does WIKNy? Why are you bahaving like this? 14. 5 BBS g0fS 4,6 Avy sooemayS? Where are you learning spoken English? 3. 98 MBS aohiS Soyotwayr? Are you learning spoken English? 4.22 SSirjon er weg ws? Is your daughter studying well? 5. Lb einen erm SdSs0 Bor? Is your daughter not studying well? 6. ds wiirom dobbs arm SSSd0 Be? Why is your daughter not studying well? 7. 28 & Ser 28,058 B¢b08a7 Are you not going anywhere today? 8. PH BO Oe BG,.58 Docs San? Why are they coming here daily? 9. TH BH,GE Ser Soyo? Are they coming here daily? 10. SY drs! wSdodar? Are you not coming with us? 1. DY SPS Qo WSsose? Why are you not coming with us? 15. 8B AWB Vtogo5im Ssyyor7 Is she coming here regularly? 18. ds TH MH d8,5 SdBQrYw? Where is your father working? 17. & wana» 25,8 SHZomY? Where is your son studying? 18. 09 9 SSK@ SHHwrH? Whaat class are you studying? 19. 89 9 ant SSeS? In which school are you studying? 20. BB) SobMOS* Dd. dadorosyar What is she doing in kitchen?MANOHAR'S BOEIRE SOE 80h 685, I Simple Past Tense (coazans sccen, Dadiren) Bonar Dsairo% Simple Past Tense & B30. FS: & Tense & Subject 8x8 Verb Sx8, Bods aD wiser Past Tense % aSarhowd. 1. Om) Sm & ods a wgd0 WES. Subject + Past Verb I + wrote. I wrote esr “Sa ore" 6a @80. Sm Jo wre? 'aletter’, Iwrotealetter. “Ax ay goo WHS", 2508? to my friend. I wrote a letter to my friend. “Si Sp (088 asso PFS. D9)? yesterday. Sco ay@ pO To... "I wrote a letter to my friend Yesterday" sgzo0a, 2, BB 8S THMOE Gg HA 19.38 Derg Teh SHabe dr. Hd Tebow so Hoind, She wrote'a letter to her father, ane - Thelped many times to them but they forgot all that, 3, 3% © DDS Trow sePs, a 20. FY 00D Sm wer Mhcirer Sersioway%. I saw that movie many times. = m2) 1 Knew many things about them. 21. si808 Storr Gd dow rere Baye. Told you many times to come to the class early, 22. 8 BES Deosyotsr 3% Says. I came in search of your address 23. B8% BEBYobsr SiSr5 vos Bere, Hanuman went to Lanka in search of Sita. 24. Si BG a8 DScko Bdyw, Fd OH HyHSnS, I told one thing to you but you forgot it. 8-H Bods Owe Bo D8 Aird BabUE Se ares. |! o5 wuss shots Sriateaea Isaw you at Mohini Theatre two days ago. is 4, 38 pep Sobomr%. I sent the files. 5. ot Fare Bodh Te a¥,d8o Sane They came here two days ago. 6. Si et Te egre wre. I wrote many letters to her. 7. 8h 8058 TOae IE. I went to Tirupathi many times. He gave up smoking cigarettes. 26. Sermo Ddir Ss SBoddo SrSreio, Sobhanbabu gaveup acting in films, 27. Te Sdy) TMH wSSrdore, They insulted me many times. Th Od SoG, 856 SY Kraven THB. 28. Sis Eowsd Si ws wAmrso. She went to market and bought vegetables. ite ee iene 2. GH Srdmabes FSOrAE $9,58 3806. She went to market to buy vegetables, 9. Duchind Hod rh a¥,cko Sones. They came here from Vijayawada. 10. 3% O8ySm ades Tate a lot of food, 29. & Dako Mod rw 48) ward. They asked me about that matter, 18, SHOSSS oY BOSE Dawe AYE. 30. 8% DIRE SOBordsay%, Kamalhasan divorced his wife. I a imy head in shame. 4. SIMs whos Eswwme, 31. 3h 13 SoSsre Gat Srodsso Sho Sobess, Nagarjuna married Amala T gaveup eating Non-Vegetarian food 13 years ago, 18. mgow 8,68 Saye, 52. Si di So whirw BO ddo Birwayw. They all came here. 1 went to my office and took my salary yesterday. 16. Sm inom Seog" LOD Bm w SDSS ows 38. wh Rost ag agoEweA I saw that movie along with my family members. She slept in the class yesterday. 34, Tow SO% BE See, They all went to Temple together, 18. 38 & Bend POMS Sex. 35. 0% TOS MasEEE, I cast my vote to congress party. They both quarreled between themselves yesterday, 17, 6085 Sossyo wSeSO Si¥ SoSo0 a8 BE Fa ySoo, We purchased a Flat at Anakapalli last year.MANOHAR'S BDaI,E3 BOHR {80h $55, ‘That movie celebrated its hundred days. Ex. did + write = wrote did + go = went did + come = came 1. I__wrote_ a letter to my friend. did + write I did not write a letter to my friend (69 2, 3% & B80 HSSSx. Subject + did not + main verb 1 i = | 36. Sr pee & DAISY 69 Baw. | 46. Dots SosHhorw Est Ss BOA dird, My ‘Triend told me that cinéma story. | He died two years ago / back itself. 37. 3% Stevo drm | AT. 3h DEQW'SSo Bk SOydimde Thad my meal / I took my meal, | I forgot to wear my watch. $8. Si IYH Sod trdonw sans, 48, er Hod THe SESde0 Los Sra Somos. I gaye them one hundred Rupees. | Many kings and emperors ruled our country, 39. Diicio M000 Sis myst Srererss 49. Oi) Sermos'Seras Si SayS. I talked to them about this matter. | Tcame to meet you. 40. 3% 502,58 Bhodm wos! Te SOPH, |] 50. > dgaina aio mgs socsains, I met them on the way to market, lea conveyed my decision to them. 41 GE QYSow meh Si GE os AG ays 51 B08 OS ySi0d do T¥S Bdys I gave a gift to her on her birth day. I told them to come here 42, PASS SassS Bore. || 52 8% Boo aE rer orVmee Rerxds08. Shajahan built Thajmahal.. |) She won many’ prizes ih singing competitions. 43. Si Sp notigo aos B8iGa ow diy DOSE baRem. 58. S& Siiom Say%, e994 soxsor Sane ‘When I went to my relatives house they fook me to a movie. | | Icame early, but you came late. 44. 8) SKE SHS a8 Srdo abHos, 54. BmaB RASH IS) OsQes SoH O00. Yesterday an accident took place at Srinagar, The movie Titanic created many records, 45, © ROSH 88 ASTD Seos08, 55. 24 Sa bo gos Saye. 3) ) ") Yesterday I came to your house. Simple Past Tense (Negatives) Note : Simple Past Tense § 3085 68 verb om 'did’ SS Sd0 TA aotn08, did + give = gave did +tell = told did +say = said ag did 8, write § Sods ‘not’ 8) S008 negative sentence ADyee04, SYo “Sk a rwa8s ago wrovdao" ) + did not + read that book 2% 3% wai BeBe, T did not go there yesterday Si Paved ase ww 3gSe. I did not go to Hyderabad even once / even one time. TE ahh TBA, They did not come here. & DSoo HD dY 8 BS/Ses. ‘You did not say to / tell me about that matter . FE TH Er BHSH. They didn't tell me like that / so. T i 8. Sim d8 wer BH. I did not tell you like that / so. 9. & RDSS Podos Sowseo, Soundarya didn't act in that movie. 10. Si w DOSY wrasse. I didn't see that movie. I} M. ©8% 00.9. HE doBeo, He didn't complete M.A. | 2. & Bicbe M900 3H YS Smersde, | I did not talk to them about that matter, | CDMANOHAR'S samy BOHR ABH a 13, 2% So 28,48 BLS. aos SHS Haye. || 20. Se» wards ws Ddaio M800 S&y Db BANS. Yesterday T didn't go anywhere stayed at home only. || My father didn't ask me anything about that matter. 14, Si Shor CBS. StomS Says. 21, Sie Sr Sido BYOAE ASE HGEoaings, Fd Fd) Ididn't come late, I came early. | wdards Saree Sesosn. 5 2 3 15. Sv Soke; Sem Fd THE BBS. Yesterday I prepared to go to my village but I didn't T went to Caleutta butt didnot go to Kashmir, go due fo some unavoidable reasons. 16. BY & BASE Terry Soary, $d Sh af F0 Sow srdde, | |] 22. reo Ter hod’ Shen dare. £9 ws ‘You saw that movie many times but I didn't see even once. | Borrds* god Sé8r GSA. FETs OED ees Balu sang songs in many languages but he didn't I didn't do any harm to anyone. | sing in Bengali so far / till now. 18. Sao Dvyeir D808 D HH doLTes. 23. Fosi08 Sige SAS Seay. Fossiv08 I never did any harm to anybody. AGE SESE, 19.9 Ddchowtir Bh ay Sitao KITS, || Some employees participated in strike but some I didn't seek their help in any matter, of them didn't participate in it. Simple Past Tense (Questions) I wrote a letter to my friend did + write I did write a letter to my friend. Did you write a letter to your friend? 55 8 2rHas esd0 wera? | When did you write a letter to your friend? 55 Wyerho’ Sado MQe wry? Why did you write a letter to your friend? 5 d REPHLE SASo Joho wry? I did not write a letter to my friend. Did you not write a letter to your friend? 4% 8 Dyrehas dbo wodar? (or) Didn't you write a letter to your friend? Why didn't you write a letter to your friend? 85 8 WWI SGdo Johw words? || E Where + did + you + go yesterday? 3. 9 & DSF Igy srry? 10. & Diao Hod AH TH gosS dodss BASE. When did you see that movie? ‘Why didn't you tell me about that matter till now / so far, 4 | 1.85 8 Base DHrRw awry? What did you do there? Howmany times did you see that movie? 5. & Dicho M80d AH Tk Igy Bang? 12, & BOS HY D BOS” Sey? 2. My OH 8,48 Be? Question word + did + subject + main verb When did you tell me about that matter? | 6. @ D6 Doo aayw? Which movie did you see in this month? 13. di O80 ver Bayar? What did they give you? Did I tell you like that / so. | 7. 9% AB, Nagy wond eoingy? 14, Sif O89 DD. Baym? When did you join here? What did I tell you? 8. 4 b wb dhs DBOdErH? 18. & Dado 0d AH Sy Docs wamy? | Where did you leave your watch? Why did you ask me about that matter? 9. 39 & BRFo IHS SoH Sains? |] 16. 0% @ RdSS wre? | Where did you forget that book? Did you see that movie?MANOHAR'S B981},63 8098 i805 5°G, 17. dS d9 HSH BGO? 25. nbya8 Soc Ise Saye? jidn't you go there yesterday? Who came here first? 18. 04 D BdSrE eH? 26. & DSowo M800 Dk Ist By? 19. DY modSEw & SD Dodds Hg dabseo? 27. 28 Sbgeo der ery? ‘Why didn't you complete this work till now / so far? |) How did you write the exams? 20. 8% LS Somsioo@ wo adayrd Daye? 28. D4 9 HGS Ltn Sey? Did you listen to our Chief Minister's speech |} ‘To which party did you cast your vote? 21, 0% TYE" Ido Src? | 29. 2% diy SBSH Docs BOT? What did you speak / talk to them? Yesterday, why did the Collector call you? 22. arth 8 Ddo Bay? 30. O% OH AOWE Jer DEH? What did they say to you? Yesterday how did you go to your house? 23. BF 0S & RDSTS' Jer SHowe? 31, Body SH Doc wins wd? How did Srikanth act in that movie? ‘Why didn't you come to the office on the day before yesterday? 24, 8% argh DBs aay? ‘ 82, D&S S08 di wr! Dots Sréndso Srdre? What did you give to them? Why did he stop talking to me since yesterday? [ | | | ‘To which movie did you go? Who told you about it? i | | | LSmanonan's ends BOHR RSOH 5G, Simple Future Tense “(eoneteb dimen, Dadsren ) BONS a Siow, Madreo%. Simple Future Tense & Srephesn. Note : Simple Future & Sréxéerd8 "Shall / Will" #3 helping verb & 267 eaernowd. Ex, : 3% Sis. (1 will come) ‘Si So 0058 SaHv. (I will come to your house) 4.8 3% bo 20s58 SaKo. (will come to your house tomorrow) 2, Sia Do R0888 OrMo, I will not come to your house. 3, Si 8% hd See. I will go there tomorrow. 4, 3 8d agw. I will not go there. 5, Bibs DS Stars Serdds. I will meet you later. 6. Sim diy) 2 SoSm, 1 will not meet you again. 7. @ Daaioo M800 Sx dst STs Sorensen’. I will talk to you about that matter later. 8. Botts Sordho Stare Sxio Ovo eran. I will write to you in two or three days. 9. af TOO & AGaira db Taare. I will convey my decision to you in a week. 10. w dicho 00d Sk SHS USES. I will think about that matter later. 11 BoSoo Soypriss Sendo. Gord Sgsoo We will go to Madras. We won't go to Mysore. 12.8 Gah S& SSrqrso Bmes. I will answer to your question. 13, SOUgeQS" HY Deo Besiosoiry You will know the truth in future. 14, Si dat SUwRBT SRS. I will come with you even to hell. 15. 8 S50 dm 2d dE. I will do it for you. 16, di & Sb doBLywoire, I will keep my word. 17. Bf 280 Bends SodMM. I will send word to you. 18, B89 DSy) Moyer SSoye. I will never believe you. 19, a, 68 SSoySuod di ary OBS Bas. I will request them to come here. 20. A& 8% 28,068 oH. I won't come with you anywhere. 21. So d SKS Ors. I won't come to you. 22, Dots Owe SOB M&S Si wh,.d sods. I will not stay there more than two days. 23, wid a SHO 9 Ddckrd ws. She won't hide anything from me. 24, 7 SostTwowr rw 9 3d Dadoo. They won't do anything without my advice. 25. 8% Sy Neyer Syd. Sto Dy Dyan roegordsootrs. Twillieves forget you. Iwilleer remember you. 26, Bio a Scovguiss QSdStAr BS. I won't tell my problems to anybody. 27. 6Dodito Bi bat Srerde%. I will not talk to you hereafter. 28. B8%0D Rohs" Sreraerns BarBrs, Iwill try tospeak in English from now onwards. 29. Bi Sm whom Begs. I won't go to office tomorrow. 30. Sx 688 S208 Sos wodin HAs xs. will goto temple fora month from tomorrow onwards. 31 rh 8% Sr aot SH. They will come to my house tomorrow. 52. eSSdqrd Si do 5 Baw. I will phone you if necessary. a7MANOHAR'S B081},68 GOH {80h 855, a Simple Future Tense (Questions) Ex. :1 Iwill come to your house. Will you come to my house? 99 SB 2088 Sar? When will you come to my house? 45 ss goss Maye Sag? How will you come to my house? a5 sx 206 de> bag? Ex.:2 [will il not come to your house. Will you not come to my house? 9% sx 2088 mar? (or) Won't you come to my house? 05 3» qos o59 3. bY 8H atyas Sar? Wi 20. Sod by wiimjomd SEAS d¥ye Sayers? | you come here tomorrow? | When will you admit your daughter in the college? | | 43 8 aG,d8 oie Sag? || 21 8% my evo diye way? | When'will you come here again? || When will you write a letter to them? 5. 89 8% 2458 3a? || Where will you go tomorrow? 22. 2% D Sob aoBEgwoera? Will you keep your word? 6.09 89 wH,88 Ser? 23. O% we Dye Sodas? | Will you not go there tomorrow? When will you send me money? | 7. 99 3 dM Bay? 24. & Dkaho M00O dy ISH eedroarw? What will you do tomorrow? Who will ask you about it ? 8.0% & 39 Der day? 25. a8 2% 2508 asso? How will you do this work? Whom will you give it? 9. 8% & 50 doy anderdsoy? 26. 29 08,88 KEHobexer domourr? When will you start this work? Will you reach there by 10” clock? 10. 85 T¥%H Igy SermH? 21. & Séow0 hood d4 we Do BoosAg? When will you meet them? When will you inform me about it? | M09 TE HP sory 28. DY Siy 28,6 Serdy? Will you meet them again? | Where will you meet me? 12, 08 TY HB Keosr? Won't you meet them again? 13, Rodaiy S85 Lys Restor? | & Will India win over Pakistan? , | =\ Dd 14.08 DoSerH? What will you become? \e, | 15. 8H Siiy Dye eyo Tirwoery? When will you understand me? 16. Te Deo Done BersosoErd? When will they know the fact? 17. TB dwo Bowser? Will they not know the fact ? 18. 59 0 DISH Sor? Will you see that movie? 19. 09 & RASS IY smay? When will you see that movie?MaNoHaR’s endiy,e9 Gof 806 896, fj subject dé=d ‘have’ 3& | Present Perfect Tense Just aQye Sar & Lodge WE eons sxx Present Perfect Tense &* 5259. & Tense 5° ‘has! ©% helping verb > eicirhowd. Soa main verb Bow, ordéS érdoxo (Past Participle) Pre. 1, Sx & hod gd w NOSr Servs. Subject + have + past participle i 1 +have + seen that film re- 2. deiitlys Stormer SO Beso have done a lot of work today. 3, wae & doGgd I0.0. HG Hd0d. She has completed her M.A. recently. 4, Sm @ Sd GodED HQ Bdrm. Thave finished all my work. 5. r@ sind Saye. They have just come 6. bY Si Of Sigirdghornd eSsrv0wy You have insulted me intentionally/deliberately 7, 8% wm Sod wer dicires Seyom®. Thave learnt many things from her 8. wh wh DS6sor HB FYod. She has heavily hammered me. 9, owes SogGITe SHS as HE FaySw. ‘We have purchased a Flat at Madhuravada 40. Sr STO S08 TH BOS 508 Ihave got a telegram from my father jh & Stee SHOD TE SowsBs Idairos v69)0008. The Assembly has discussed many important issues today. 12, D708 Bid TET TH SOs* aeryes. The doctor has advised me to take rest. 19, 6 Sw obrnsQd Seqod Gers wdyeiryy Sader Whos, ‘The university staff has launched Shramadanam Programme today, \ 22. SoS Somghoos Sirgow Is) Sve sors. Our CM. has announced several sops for women dod Dod weston Sim do Bay. Ihave told you to play on the upstairs ays AGO dv bw Bay Ihave told you not to play with fire diy wANSdgm bo Hob TH Bajo Your friend has asked! me to convey his good wishes to you. As6 25d BH Ihave made a mistake & DAGPAE SomoGod Weddso AStm wbddo6. ‘The government has issued a G.O. in this regard. & 50d dm TEh SABA. Ihave entrusted this work to them, we SY SYMP. ‘They have come and gone. . DY Keer Siy Igo Tiovorys. You also have misunderstood meMANOHAR'S @n3i},6% BOHR Hb 5G, Present Perfect Tense (Negatives) y | 1. Simo & Stew 2 59 BovFad. Thaye not done any work today Ihave not seen that movie as yet. 3, di Yh Bgdo warded. 2, Si Rom w RDSr drdse. | Thave not written a letter to them. 4, dm 2 B6ror Badd. Thaye not made any mistake. 5, 88m gow Bh HE odes He has not yet completed his Degree 1. [have seen that moyie. 6. Doh & Se w DSdira So} owTe, The assembly has not discussed that issue today. 7, & DdckrdE Sombod Weise “AS” wd dadBed The government has not issued a G.O. in this regard. 8, & DAcho 0D AY TH HS. You have not told me about it 9, & Dace MG0d Rodsés BH 2 Agatosar BHT. Thave not taken any decison about it so far. 10. K& Sarde Soeur Saxwsad sesso. I have not met him ‘or the last three months. Present Perfect Tense (Quest: ns) Have you seen that movie? 9: © SdS> dre? Lhayve not seen that movie. Haye you not seen that movie? 0% © 2dS> season? (or) Haven't you seen that movie? 2. He has come here. Has he come here? ©5i 28,68 Saye? He has not come here? Has he not come here? ©3% 28,68 TSO? (or) Hasn't he come here? . & Sods OY wHSE BET? | Have you gone there recently? BE Hod depr Ssrarvo wobor? Have you received any massage from them? Have you met them recently? 2% DIE Sead oir M000 d: | & Sobs 0H TYH SOOT? Have you ever heard about Sarojini Naidu? | 7. & Dado M80 dH TH Baye? Have you told me about 8. & Ddowo 60d Sh do Ber? Have I not told you about it? 9. Edo SS Sw BorssHoorr? Has she realised her mistake? 10. & DURIE Som0d0d Wedsjo A v6 Dhosr? Has the Govt. issued a G.O. in this regard? 11. 29 Si dBr dorr? Have you seen me anywhere? 12. DS Sby dow srddor? Have you not seen me anywhere? 13, 9% w HSSo Horr? Have you read that book? 14. 4 © QHSo SSSEo? Have you not read that book? 18. 28 OQBer Iu sora? Have you ever seen NTR? 16. 9 IBS 28,48 Soya? Have you ever come here?MANOHAR'S BNaI,83 BOHR i805 8G Present Perfect Continuous Tense SQ) Sev Sods Edo Md, Fod Siraivo BSora Bndenmey Soman, ero Ssoos Present Perfect Continuous Tense s* 3350. & Tense &* “have been’ Sc ‘has been’ «i helping verb &> @crnocrd. helping verb cyard |__main verb & ‘ing’ form 4 dono. 1.1995 108 Si & wdioet satin says Thave been working in that office since 1995. 2, 1998 S08 wr & wbide* Sadi aia. She has been working in this office since 1998, 3. 8558 2000 SoSeyo So* FoSo 9H.6 dolwarnsoo. We have been living here since January ‘Zoo. 4. Texto Boe S08 this aks sotvanin We have been living herg for 4 months, Since_: Point of time; for: period of tim X. Since 1999 (ot) forthe last four years 8 Kobe S08 wt 8 So Bond diz 46. She has been waiting for you since 8” clock. 28, am\SE RoE atorioer Kd mts Omen eSi antios' ngseovoays, 5 = ee He has been ‘suffering from’ fever for the last five days. | ‘suffering with ' ea sassacs 7. 998 Hob do S HH wand says. Thave been writing this notes since yesterday, 8, POSOr QH,E Stam SSID, They both have been coming here daily. KS 80 SoSdhoem whiierg USE dow BBOw 5853 aaye. ANR has been acting different kinds of roles for the last 60 years, 10. 839 Not 08 AEAMHOS wa. She has been sleeping for an hour now. 88 Dodsrfobe S08 toss wSE'so Bowl dike: oaySoo We have been waiting for the bus for two hours now. 2. BQ BEE me SoSH rem & rsrd0 Hind ane They have been doing this business for many years now. 1B. SWS are FS wrego 08 SSros* Sind Saye. Mahesh Babu has been acting in films right from his childhood. 14. Se 355g SoS SSrerd8 Jos SD Batoowia. Caste system has been causing a great damage to our society, 15. & Daohos* And S08 So 24 WeHdsns sorym. Thave been cautioning you right from the beginning in this regard. Questions 1. Thave been working in that office since 1995, Have you been working in that office since 1995? (Since) howlong have you been working in that office? 2. We have been living here since January. Have you been living here since January? Howlong have you been living here? CIMANOHAR'S BNI GOHE SH S85, loa = Ta = a I Past Perfect Tense Past Time & Sod actions ROAS|H © SodoSS* J action Snot adhod wd OaGra) BOAO) S GSHES SO Soocsm wOAs action x Past Perfect Tense S* B240. SPS aOHS action x Simple Past + Bayo. Past Perfect Tense & Sud 208 action % Srdos@ag had + main verb Brey, past participle (soréS érS0) owed. : 1. PSS fob 88S SHIS Dow 20S!’ SOS arsy. The Peon rang the bell. We went home. After the peon rang the bell, we went home. After the peon had rung the bell, we went home. (or) ‘We went home after the peon had rung the bell. 2. 09 TSSv0d Im a.GS Saw. Before you came, I came here. Before you came, I had come here. (or) Thad come here before you came. 3. IY TSiv0d So 7 SD wo Bors. Before you came, I had completed my work. (or) Thad completed my work before you came. 4, Si Do RoW! SHSO8 D9 acho BOrairg By the time I came to your house, you had gone out. ‘You had gone out by the time I came to your house. 5. Dio YASH BESOE Boo SESon08 By the time (when) I reached the station, the train had left. The train had left when I reached the station. 6. S&H 00.0. HQ Boessnod TH & BEgvio SQ)08. Before I completed my M.A., I had got this job. Thad got this job before I completed my MA. 7. 29 8.0. HO Bodsinod So 7 0.0. HQ dew. Before you completed your B.A., I had completed my M.A. Thad completed my M.A. before you completed your B.A. 8. Bio Wai LONNOH TH & SYo adhoo. When I had met her, she gave me this letter. She gave me this letter when I had met her. 9. Bio TY Bods BE N08 ey nosy Se BOB. When I went to their house, they had gone somewhere else. They had gone somewhere else when I went to their house. 10. Sis BoE Bosiwod SYo Sdogoa. Before I reached home, It had started raining. It had started raining before I reached home. Mi. OY Srassnod SH w Ldsr Hew. Before you saw it, I had seen that film. Thad seen that film before you saw it. 2. BEE TSSn0d Dhod sotaire. Before the doctor came, the patient had died. The patient had died before the doctor came. 13, bor Bingen) Sod TYE Droid sre, The doctor treated the patient only after he had taken the fees.MANOHAR'S BOGIES GOHG hol 58G, | 14. Sm SOS ShrS dy B68 STyY. You came here after I had come. | 15. mode Samvswod ros dene MsSoSso SQya. || India had got Independence before Gandhiji di | the death of Gandhiji || 16. Si SQXam0d ap SwjJow Qty SSodosre, My son had started crying before I beat him, I 17. FORwev Seos'¥soo0d SHS POLOG& Gonsanw, The Naxalites had surrendered to the police before the police caught them, 18. BoGermmaint Srmo8 eons STS TSPTY Sneasres, NTR died after Chandrababu Naidu had become the Chief Minister. 19. 8S 83 Doe 28 OSTS om Pera 26008. She breathed her last immediately after she heard about the death of her husbund. || 20. 6% SoHows Sood AH we Des Famwr)s, | Tknew her value only after she had di her death | Past Continuous Tense | Rule I: 2.82 Past Times BE O§S SSraiwas zceorin SSO BOB) Sosdyos* | Past Continuous Tense use Died. S Tense ost 'was' So> ‘were! exo helping verb > main verb <> "ing" x B08. 1 88 & BES Si SOSH smanss, Twas seeing a movie by this time yesterday, 2. 0H BRE rg ws! Srencreoanes They were talking to me by this time yesterday, 3, Gods sbrdo TEs 3H BusE BeQvayw. 1 was travelling to Tirupathi by last sunday, | 4 €Q88 U& 0.05.8, sepia She was studying B.Sc., by that time. 5: CHEE edi SoIZES 86 Hasosrare He was doing Computer Course at that time. Rae 2: Past Continuous Tense % Sordeon Simple Past Tense 5° 805 Srinwdr Soir, B85 SO BdorbEr aire Soans 59 aonedo BR) Socsqhoe* Past Continuous Tense & use Boivo, 4 | 189 AEMwSe Av Saye You were sleeping, I came, When you were sleeping, I came. “ Tcame when you were sleeping, 2 Sh 94,58 S085 58 ow Hrepeosooemaneo, When I went there, they were talking, They were talking when I went there, | C53 =e]MANOHAR'S BDA1},65 GOH} S05 5G, f = —— 3. Bd SPErd, Lh SHA 7 Scy Hows, ‘When I was going to Poorna Market, I lost my purse. L lost my purse when I was going to Poorna Market. 4, Soo BD dirdgodmr Sot Son08. When (while) we were watching T.V., the power wentout (broke down) ‘The power broke down when we were watching T.V. 5. dé do, 2. Basan ars & wa'gtio Sg0a || While I was studying M.A., I got this job. I got this job when (while) I was studying M.A. 6. Edm STO OS' SHI CID Ty SDE DoSMS' BS Bod. When he was suffering from ill-health, his wife served him a lot. | His wife served him a lot when he was suffering from ill-health. || 7. Bi ears SOBSEyG VA .. AHS. || She was watching T.V., when I met her. 8, So Néiyodim Bio wasa soma. | She was weeping, when I saw her. 9, wd dingiS Adgodmr aaaind. || He died while he was working in the Office. 10. A> wm Hersodrr wi SYAon0d. She went away while I was calling her. Ht. TH AGBHosr Foes TF whSoe Tohdomr&. The thieves robbed their entire property when they were sleeping. 12, Si atferow nog S008 Sod w drgSotS woos. 18, wig, hod” Th Nodere. He jumped off the bus while it was moving. 14, wd HHHSr dod sF ASSHon08. She fell asleep while she was reading. 18, doiioo Scoaodm SYo SrSosyos. It started to rain While we were playing. 16. BSS rood Sd Sigsiae TE ETQo Sorsore. He got many awards when he was working in Hyderabad. ‘The incident took place while I was coming from Jagadamba Junction.MANOHAR's @921,6% Goff Sob 5°65, Future Continuous Tense | SdSs8 Soos a6 AGS Sdociras uf SD ateiSr Holwod oO BOodLPowarae | Future Continuous Tense & @ScrAazto. & Tense &* "will be" ©3 helping verb 5° 5-5 main verb 00%, Present Participle (verb + ing) 7a. 1, 84 & BEE Sw ASE Sosy olrs, I will be seeing a cinema by this time tomorrow. 2. 8% & BSE div Sr Sods abiour goersoo. We will be celebrating our festival by this time tomorrow. Sd) SossTs HY 20.0.0.08. wicwasr soiry. You will be studying M.B.B.S., by next year. Sy & BLE Sh FSker dey soure. I will be travelling to Calcutta by this time tomorrow. Bi 5 Kobeser drs Sod GON SeySr woerse. I will be returning from duty by 5° clock. SHr6o SOeser Sol) IOpseo adsiosr doirow, Assembly Elections will be going on by this day next week. 7. SHPoser HS THY SONS Jf SoPoSy sotnod Congress Party will be ruling our State by the next month. 8. 8% & BSover Svs d So Idd sndn woert. I will be waiting for you by this time tomorrow. SITE 5 Koboser GR wchdr aoerco, Mahesh will be playing cricket by 5 clock. 10. St Sodayraser Sm T DoS ddeA KediQdr Gotr&. I will be maintaining a married life by the next year. Future Perfect Tense Rule 1: Bd58, PooS* uF 2S SHosrd8 ak 52 Sgond Hod Sa Ho word an | @0t0208 © BOchAohaas Future Perfect Tense

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