Trung tm o to Xut nhp khu - Vit Nam IBC

Ti liu Vn phng: P306, Ta nh 52 H Tng Mu, Cu Giy, H Ni

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SU TM

30 THUT NG TING ANH

THNG DNG TRONG
XUT NHP KHU.
[ Hiu v s dng ting anh tt lun l li th cho bt k ai, c bit l cc bn sinh
vin hc chuyn ngnh Thng mi quc t. gip cc bn c thm nhiu kin
thc b ch, Trung tm o to Xut nhp khu Vit Nam IBC xin gii thiu 30
thut ng thng dng trong chuyn ngnh xut nhp khu.]
 Trung tm o to Xut nhp khu - Vit Nam IBC
Vn phng: P306, Ta nh 52 H Tng Mu, Cu Giy, H Ni
Hotline: 0904.691.29 04.668.692.30

1. Agency Agreement - Hp ng i l
L mt hp ng trong ngi y thc y nhim cho ngi i l thay mt mnh thc
hin mt s cng vic c ch nh v bng dch v ngi i l nhn c mt s tin
th lao gi l hoa hng i l.

2. Agency Fees - i l ph
L s tin th lao m ch tu tr cho i l tu bin v nhng dch v lm trong lc tu hot
ng ti cng: Lm th tc ra vo cng, lin h cc ni v theo di bc d hng.

3. Giy Bo Gi Hng
Sau khi giao hng xung tu ch i, ngi gi hng / ngi bn hng thng bo cho ngi
nhn hng / ngi mua hng bit tnh hnh hng ha c gi i v nhng chi tit c lin
quan. Trong mua bn xut nhp khu, thng bo kp thi vic gi hng l trch nhim ca
ngi bn hng.

4. All in Rate - Cc ton b

L tng s tin bao gm: Cc thu tu, cc loi ph ph v ph bt thng khc m ngi
thu phi tr cho ngi chuyn ch.

5. All Risks (A.R.)-Bo him mi ri ro

L iu kin bo him rng nht v theo iu kin ny, ngi bo him chu trch nhim v
mi ri ro gy ra mt mt, h hng cho hng ha c bo him (thin tai, tai nn ca bin, ri
ro ph khc) nhng loi tr cc trng hp: Chin tranh, nh cng, khng b, khuyt tt
vn c ca hng ha, hnh ng c ca ngi c bo him, tu khng kh nng hng
hi, mt mt h hng do chm tr, thiu st v bao b ng gi hng, hao ht t nhin ca
hng, h hng, mt mt hoc chi ph do thiu kh nng thanh ton ca ngi ch tu, ngi
thu tu hoc ngi iu hnh chuyn ch.

6. Antedated Bill of Lading-Vn n k li ngy cp

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 Trung tm o to Xut nhp khu - Vit Nam IBC
Vn phng: P306, Ta nh 52 H Tng Mu, Cu Giy, H Ni
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Vic k li ngy cp vn n thng thng do ngi gi hng yu cu p ng ph hp vi

thi gian giao hng c quy nh trong hp ng mua bn hoc thi hn hiu lc ca th
tn dng. N b cc trng ti v ta n quc t ln n l thiu trung thc, gian di v do c
th gy hu qu tai hi cho ngi xut khu giao hng cng nh ngi chuyn ch k li
ngy vn n.

7. As Agent only-Ch nhn danh i l

Thut ng ny c ghi ch di ch k chng minh ngi k tn trong chng t (Th d:
Vn n ng bin, vn n hng khng, hp ng thu tu) ch k tn vi t cch php
nhn l ngi c ngi khc y nhim thc hin hoc xc nhn mt vic hay mt s vic
g v ch chu trch nhim gii hn trong phm vi y nhim y.

8. Assurer (Insurer)-Ngi bo him

L ngi nhn bo him li ch ca khch hng (Ngi c bo him) theo nhng quy tc,
iu kin bo him quy nh, c quyn thu ph bo him ng thi chu trch nhim bi
thng tn tht do nhng ri ro c bo him gy ra cho i tng bo him.

9. Assured - (Insured)-Ngi c bo him

Thut ng c dng ch ngi c li ch ca mnh c bo him (Hng ha, tu bin,
ti sn khc) ch khng phi bn thn ngi ny c bo him (Tr bo him nhn th).

10. Bill of Lading (Ocean Bill of Loading) B/L - Vn n (Vn ti n) ng bin

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Chng t vn ti ng bin do ngi chuyn ch hoc i din ca h (Thuyn trng, i l

vn ti) k pht cho ngi thu tu (Ngi gi hng) lm bng chng cho vic ngi chuyn
ch nhn hng v m trch vic vn chuyn t cng gi n cng ch quy nh giao
cho ngi nhn hng.

11. Bonded Warehouse or Bonded Store-Kho ngoi quan

L kho ca hi quan hoc ca t nhn t di s gim st ca hi quan v c dng tm
cha hng cha lm th tc hi quan v np thu (nu c). Ti cc kho ny, ch hng c th
sa cha, ng gi l phn chia li hng ha di s gim st ca hi quan.

12. CFS Warehouse (Container Freight Station) Kho hng l

L ni thu gom hng l, c tp trung li ng hng vo Container, xut khu bng ng
bin hoc khai thc container nhp khu vo kho ny khch hng nhn hng sau khi hon
tt th tc hi quan.

13. Bulk Cargo-Hng ri

Dng ch nhng loi hng khng ng bao, c chuyn ch di dng ri cn gi l ch
x (Carriage in bulk) nh: Than , qung, ng cc, du m, phn bn, ximng v.v.

14. Bulker Adjustment Factor (BAF)-H s iu chnh gi nhin liu.

T l phn trm m ch tu cng b lm c s tnh ph iu chnh gi nhin liu, khi nhin liu
s dng cho tu tng gi bt thng vo mt thi im no . Tin ph thu ny c gi l
ph thu nhin liu

15. Carrier
15.1 Ngi chuyn ch Ngi vn ti
L mt bn k kt mt hp ng chuyn ch vi mt ngi gi hng. H c th l ngi ch
tu (Owner of vessel) hoc l ngi thu tu (Charterer). H c th l ngi chuyn ch cng
cng (Common carrier), kinh doanh dch v ch thu cho mi ch hng hoc l ngi thu
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chuyn ch (Contracting carrier) trong vn chuyn i sut v vn ti a phng thc.

15.2 Tu vn chuyn
L bt k loi tu no dng vo vic chuyn ch hng ng bin. Th d: Tu ch hng bch
ha (General cargo carrier), tu ch hng ri (Bulk carrier), tu ch du (Oil carrier), tu ch
hng ht ri (Grain carrier), tu ch kh du ha lng (Liquid petrolium gas carrier), tu ch
sc vt sng (Cattle carrier), v.v.

16. Clean on board Bill of Lading-Vn n sch, hng xung tu

Vn n ng bin c i din ngi chuyn ch hoc thuyn trng k pht cho ngi
gi hng vi thut ng: sch, hng xung tu (Clean, on board or shipped, c ngha l
ngi chuyn ch xc nhn hng c xp xung tu trong tnh trng bn ngoi tt. Trong
mua bn hng xut nhp khu, ngi mua lun lun yu cu quy nh r trong hp ng ngoi
thng v th tn dng ngi bn phi xut trnh Vn n sch, hng xung tu, trong
khng c ghi ch xu no v hng giao th mi c xem l mt trong nhng chng t c
gi tr thanh ton.

17. Closing date or Closing time-Ngy ht hn nhn ch (hng)

Trong chuyn ch bng tu ch hoc tu container, hng tu cng b ngy chm dt vic nhn
ch hng cho tng chuyn i c th. Nu qu k hn nhn ch, ngi thu tu c th gi hng
vo chuyn i k tip

18. Collective Bill of Lading-Vn n chung

L vn n cp chung cho nhiu l hng nh c ch trn tu, cng mt chuyn i v thuc
nhiu ngi nhn hng khc nhau. Loi vn n ny c nhiu im tng t vi vn n gom
hng.

19. Combined transport or multimodal transport-Vn ti phi hp hay vn ti a

phng thc.
L hnh thc vn ti dy chuyn sut t ni gi hng n ch cui cng, c t nht 2 phng
thc vn ti tham gia. Vic chuyn ti/chuyn phng thc, lu kho dc ng, thc hin th
tc hnh chnh/hi quan u do mt ngi chuyn ch k hp ng vn ti m trch thay cho
ch hng.
c im ca cch vn ti a phng thc l:
- Ton b dy chuyn vn ti a phng thc do mt ngi chuyn ch duy nht m trch
trn danh ngha mt bn ng s k hp ng iu hnh vn chuyn ch khng phi l i l
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Vn phng: P306, Ta nh 52 H Tng Mu, Cu Giy, H Ni
Hotline: 0904.691.29 04.668.692.30

vn ti nhn y thc n hoa hng (Combined transport operation =CTO).

- Ngi kinh doanh dch v vn ti a phng thc thng l cc t chc giao nhn, khng s
hu cng c vn ti nn h phi k hp ng vn ti ph (Subcontract of transport), thu
nhng ngi c cng c vn ti (Ngi chuyn ch thc s) vn chuyn hng.
- Gi cc vn ti a phng thc c 2 bn tha thun thng nht cho ton tuyn vn
chuyn bao gm trong mi chi ph khc c lin quan (L ph hnh chnh, th tc ph hi
quan, ph lu kho, ph chnh sa hng,v.v.), m khng phi tnh ring cho tng chng chuyn
ch.
- Chng t vn ti a phng thc cho ton b qu trnh vn chuyn do ngi CTO k pht
theo yu cu ngi gi hng, c chc nng v gi tr giao dch nh mt vn n tu ch
(Combined transport document = COMBIDOC).
- Ch trch nhim ca ngi CTO do 2 bn tha thun hoc theo ch thng nht trch
nhim (Uniform liability system) hoc theo ch trch nhim ring tng chng (Servered
liability system).
- Vn ti a phng thc l mt cch vn chuyn khoa hc, tin tin, gip gin n ha th
tc, chng t, thc y hp l ha v nng cao hiu qu cc yu t lin kt: sn xut lu
thng phn phi ca nn kinh t giai on pht trin cao.

20. Commission-Hoa hng

L s tin th lao m ngi y thc tr cho i l hoc mi gii trung gian v nhng dch v
ca h lm. Hoa hng mi gii thu tu l s tin th lao tr cho mi gii v dch v thu
tu, c tnh bng mt t l nht nh ca tng s tin cc chuyn ch (K c tin cc
khng v tin pht bc d chm nu c).

21. Consignee-Ngi nhn hng (Cargo receiver)

L ngi c tn ghi ti mc Ngi nhn hng ca vn n ng bin. Ty theo cch ghi
tn ti mc Ngi nhn hng m vn n y c xp vo loi vn n ch nh ch danh
(straight bill of lading) hoc vn n theo lnh (To order bill of lading). Theo tp qun quc t,
nu ti mc ny khng ghi tn ngi nhn hng m ch ghi Theo lnh (To order) th vn n
y thuc loi vn n theo lnh ngi gi hng.

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Vn phng: P306, Ta nh 52 H Tng Mu, Cu Giy, H Ni
Hotline: 0904.691.29 04.668.692.30

22. Consignor (Shipper) - Ngi gi hng

L ngi giao hng xung tu ti cng xp hng. Ch hng c th t mnh lm ngi gi hng
nhng cng c th y thc ngi khc m thng l i l giao nhn hng (Forwarding agent)
m nhn thay vic giao hng.

23. Consolidation or Groupage - Vic gom hng

Trong chuyn ch bng container, khi mt l hng khng s lng thu trn container
th ch hng c th gi l bng cch k hp ng vn ti hng l vi ngi gom hng
(Consolidation) ch i. Ngi gom hng s tp hp, chnh n v sp xp hp l cho l
hng l thnh nhng l hng s lng s dng cch vn chuyn trn container (Full
container load). Dch v gom hng l thnh l hng trn container a phn do nhng ngi,
cng ty giao nhn ng ra kinh doanh nhng i khi cng do cc hng tu container ng ra
kinh doanh di dng vn chuyn hng l (Less than container loading service) bn cnh dng
vn chuyn hng trn container (Full container loading service). Nu ngi gom hng l ngi
giao nhn th sau khi k hp ng ch hng l, h tr thnh ngi chuyn ch cng cng
khng c tu NVOCC (Non vessel operating common carrier). H c trch nhim mt mt k
vn n ngi giao nhn (House Bill of Lading) cho ch hng, mt khc h trc tip thu
hng tu container gi trn container cha y hng l n cng ch. Hng tu container l
ngi chuyn ch thc (Actual carrier) s k pht cho h vn n ngi chuyn ch thc
(Master Bill of Lading).

24. Container
Thng cha hng c bit dng lm bao b chuyn ch hng ha, c c im:
- Cu to dng hnh hp bng vt liu bn chc (Thp, hp kim nhm hoc nha cng gia c

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 Trung tm o to Xut nhp khu - Vit Nam IBC
Vn phng: P306, Ta nh 52 H Tng Mu, Cu Giy, H Ni
Hotline: 0904.691.29 04.668.692.30

si thy tinh).
- C thit b chuyn dng (Ca, gc lp ghp,...) thun li cho ng hng vo, rt hng ra v
chuyn ch bng nhiu phng thc vn ti i sut khng phi m ng container v ti cht
xp hng dc ng.
- C trng ti v th tch kh ln (1m3 tr ln) thch hp vi cc loi hng bch ha v mt s
hng c bit khc (Hng lng, hng ng lnh, sc vt sng,v.v.).
- C thng s k thut c tiu chun ha thng nht do t chc tiu chun o lng quc t
ISO (International Standard Organization) nn thun tin cho vic chuyn i, s dng rng
ri container: 10, 20, 30, 40. Trong container 20 c chn lm n v tiu chun
(TEU). Ty yu cu chuyn ch ca mi loi hng m cu trc container gm nhiu loi:
1. Container bch ha hay container hng kh a dng (General cargo container or dry cargo
container) ch bch ha hoc hoc hng khc tng t, trong iu kin bnh thng.
2. Container bo n (Thermal container): c thit k my pht lnh hoc my thng gi, dng
ch loi hng cn vn chuyn trong iu kin nhit thch hp. Gm c: container lnh
(Refrigerated or reefer container) dng ch hng ti sng nh tht, c,v.v. Container cch
nhit (Insulated container) dng ch rau qu, dc phm; Container thng gi (Ventilated
container) dng ch rau qu, thc phm ch cn c bo qun mi trng khng kh thang
ng, trn khong cch vn chuyn ngn.
3. Container chuyn dng (Special container): dng ch hng kh ri (Dry bulk container),
hng lng (Tank container), -t (Car container), sc vt sng (Pen or livestock container),
hng siu trng hnh dng phc tp (Plalform container)..

25. Container Ship - Tu container

Loi tu chuyn dng ch container, c c im:
- Ch c mt boong (Single deck)
- C mn kp hoc mn n hnh gn sng, mp boong dy, chc, ngang boong c kch
thc rng lm tng tnh n nh ca tu.
- Trong thn tu, cc hm c thit k khung dn hng theo chiu thng ng m bo
container khng b x dch khi c sng gi trn bin.
- Mt boong c thit k c cu chng buc container xp trn boong.
- i b phn tu container khng trang b cu bc hng m ch yu da vo cng c bc d
trn b.
- Ty theo cch bc d container, tu container c chia thnh loi:
Tu container bc d qua mn (Lift-on/lift-off container ship) = LO/LO ship.
Tu container bc d theo cu dn (Roll-on/roll-off container ship) = RO/RO ship.
Tu ch s lan (Lighter carrier or lighter aboard ship) = LASH.
Tu container hot ng theo kiu tu ch, kinh doanh ch thu container u n vi tc

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Vn phng: P306, Ta nh 52 H Tng Mu, Cu Giy, H Ni
Hotline: 0904.691.29 04.668.692.30

cao trn mt tuyn vn chuyn c nh, theo mt lch trnh c cng b trc v c s h
tr ca cc tu container con (ph) tip vn, phn phi container n cc im ngoi lung
(Feeder ship).

26. Container Yard - Ni tip nhn v lu tr container,

L b phn quan trng ca khu cng container. Din tch bi rng thong, nn bi chc chn
cht xp c 5 - 6 tng container. Bi c th b tr phn chia thnh: khu vc container
chun b bc xung tu, khu vc tip nhn container t tu, khu vc dnh cha container rng
v.v. Trong chuyn ch container, ngi ta thng dng ngn gn thut ng: Bi container
Container yard) ch phm vi vn chuyn v trch nhim ca ngi chuyn ch l t bi
container gi hng n bi container hng n (CY CY).

27. Currency Adjustment Charges (CAC) - Currency Adjustment Factor - Ph ph iu

chnh tin cc H s iu chnh tin cc
Trong kinh doanh ch thu bng tu ch hoc tu container, khi gi tr ng tin dng thanh
ton cc b gim st nng nh hng n thu nhp ca mnh, ngi chuyn ch s p dng
vic thu thm ph ph iu chnh tin cc theo h s iu chnh tng ng (Currency
Adjustment Factor).

28. Customs Clearance - Vic thng quan

L vic hon thnh cc th tc do Hi quan quy nh c cp php cho hng nhp vo
hoc xut ra ca mt nc

29. Delivery Order- Lnh giao hng

Chng t m ngi chuyn ch hoc i din ngi chuyn ch k cp cho ch hng lm
bng chng n nhn hng ti bi container hay kho cng. Mun nhn c lnh giao hng,
ngi nhn hng phi xut trnh vn n ng bin hp l cho ngi chuyn ch hoc i
din ca h.

30. Demurrage -- Bc / d chm

Tin pht bc / d chm (Demurrage charge). Khi ngi thu tu khng hon thnh vic bc /
d hng ng theo thi gian bc / d quy nh trong hp ng thu tu k, th ch tu c
quyn i n b v nhng khon thi gian vt qu hn tha thun, tr khi nguyn nhn gy
ra bc / d chm nm ngoi phm vi kim sot ca ngi thu tu v c nu r trong hp
ng thu tu.

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