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Manual Phasor XS Ingles Actualizado PDF
Manual Phasor XS Ingles Actualizado PDF
Phasor XS
021-002-362 rev 4
g GEInspectionTechnologies.com
Contents
Limited Warranty
For a period of two (2) years from the date of purchase,
we warrant that the instrument will be free of any claim
of ownership by third parties, (ii) when new, be free
from defects in material and workmanship and perform
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normal use and service for the applicable warranty
period following the date of sale. The second year of
this warranty is valid only if the instrument is calibrated
WRZLWKLQWKHSURYLGHGVSHFLFDWLRQVE\XVRURQHRI
RXU FHUWLHG VHUYLFH SURYLGHUV DIWHU PRQWK WZHOYH RI
ownership but before month fourteen begins.
This limited warranty shall not apply to any problems
arising from (i) failure to follow the product instructions
or failure to perform preventive maintenance, (ii) ser-
YLFHUHSDLURUPRGLFDWLRQE\VRPHRQHRWKHUWKDQXV
or one of our authorized service representatives; or (iii)
external causes, such as accident, abuse, misuse, or
problems with electrical power.
7KLVZDUUDQW\GRHVQRWFRYHUSDUWVLGHQWLHGDVZHDU
and-tear parts or lamps, transducers, tubes, acces-
sories, or optional equipment not manufactured by us,
which items may be covered by separate manufactur-
ers warranties.
Our obligation under this warranty is limited to the re-
pair or replacement of components determined by us
to be defective within the warranty period at no cost
to the original purchaser. Customer shall arrange for
delivery to us in approved packing material. This war-
ranty extends to the original purchaser and cannot be
assigned or transferred to any other party.
EXCEPT FOR THE WARRANTY SET ABOVE, WE
EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES AND
5(35(6(17$7,2162)$1<.,1':,7+5(63(&7
TO OUR PRODUCTS, WHETHER EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES
OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICU-
LAR PURPOSE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, TITLE AND
ANY WARRANTIES ARISING FROM COURSE OF
PERFORMANCE, COURSE OF DEALING OR TRADE
USAGE.
FIGURE 1-1Installation of standard Lithium battery pack. Note the location of the Power Adapter Port and Lithium
battery pack on-board charging port.
NOTE: When the battery indicator is in the last quar- 1.3 Keypad and Knob Features
ter as indicated by the symbol , charge the battery The instrument is designed to give the user quick ac-
pack as soon as possible. The instrument automati- cess to all of the instruments functions. Its easy-to-use
cally shuts off when batteries are too weak for reliable menu system allows any function to be accessed with
operation. Settings are saved and restored when the no more than three key presses (Figure 1-2). To access
instrument is turned on again. When testing in remote any function:
locations, always carry a spare battery pack.
3UHVVRQHRIWKHVHYHQPHQXNH\V to select a
NOTE: By connecting the optional Power Adapter, the menu. The menus across the bottom of the display
instrument can be operated using an AC power source. will immediately be replaced with the submenus
This adapter is connected to the instrument though the contained in the selected menu.
AC Power Adapter Port shown in Figure 1-1. 3UHVVDPHQXNH\ again to select the submenu
containing the desired function.
1.2 Powering On and Off the Instrument
8SWRIRXUIXQFWLRQVZLOOEHGLVSOD\HGLQWKHEDURQ
Press to power the instrument on and off. To select the left side of the display. Select the desired func-
an operating mode, choose from: tion, by pressing one of the four function keys .
Phased Array ModeAdjust all parameters related to &KDQJHWKHYDOXHOLVWHGLQWKHIXQFWLRQER[ZLWKWKH
phased-array measurement function knob. Some values can also be adjusted
with repeated presses of the function key.
Conventional ModeAdjust all parameters related to
conventional ultrasonic measurement (see Chapter 4)
See Section 1.6 to set the mode in which the instrument
starts up.
FIGURE 1-2Some of the keypad and knob functions are shown here.
<RXOODOVRQGWKHVHNH\VDQGNQREVRQWKHLQVWUXPHQW
Knob Emulator Key switches from the Home Menu
Gain Step Key selects the amount of gain level WR WKH .QRE 0HQX ZKLFK DOORZV \RX WR SHUIRUP .QRE
FKDQJH WKDW RFFXUV ZLWK HDFK FOLFN RI WKH *DLQ .QRE functions using the keypad (both knobs are disabled).
Press and hold to switch between digital (dBD) and analog
(dBA) gain. Section 3.5 explains gain setting and the use Function Rotary KnobRotate to change the value
of the dB REF feature. of the selected function. (See Section 3.5 to disable
this knob)
Mode Selector Key press to choose from Phased
Array or Conventional Ultrasonic Operating Modes Gain Rotary KnobRotate to change the instruments
gain. (See Section 3.5 to disable this knob)
View Select Key press and hold to change the dis-
played view in phased array mode. (choose from Sector 1.4 Home Menu and Functions
or Linear Scan, A-Scan, or A-Scan with Sector or Linear
Scan) The menu system allows the operator to select and adjust
various features and instrument settings. It includes:
Zoom Key press and hold to expand the displayed
LPDJH$6HFWRURU/LQHDU6FDQWROOWKHHQWLUHVFUHHQ Phased Array Home MenuSeveral menus used to
Press again to return to normal view mode. FRQJXUHDQGFDOLEUDWHWKHLQVWUXPHQWSULRUWRWHVW$OVR
used to select pulser and receiver characteristics, position
Home Key immediately returns the instrument to gates, set alarms, specify operating mode and screen
the Home Menu shown in Figure 1-3 (Phased Array) or appearance, adjust the A-Scan display, and control other
Figure 4-3 (Conventional). If held for 3 seconds, automati- VLJQLFDQWPHDVXUHPHQWIHDWXUHV
cally performs a scan calculation. If pressed two times, all
IXQFWLRQVDUHGHVHOHFWHGDQGWKH)XQFWLRQ.QREFRQWUROV NOTE: Figure 1-3 shows the instruments Home Menu
the beam cursor (Section 3.3). structure. The information provided in the following two
Freeze Key freezes and unfreezes the display. If manual sections explains what each function does and
held for 3 seconds, automatically generates a report shows how to access the function through the menu
or stores a dataset. (Sections 3.4 and 6.1) V\VWHP<RXOODOVRQGRSHUDWLRQPDQXDOVHFWLRQUHI
erences that tell you where to turn in this manual for
Power Key turns the instrument on and off. PRUHVSHFLFLQIRUPDWLRQRQHDFKIXQFWLRQ
FIGURE 1-3These menus, submenus, and functions are accessed through the Home Menu.
'HQLWLRQRI'LVSOD\,FRQV
FIGURE 1-4Combined A-Scan and Sector Scan views are shown here. Note that alternative views (showing either A
or Sector or Linear Scans) are available when operating in Phased Array mode.
1.7 SoftZDUH8SGDWHV
If software updating is required, the instruments up-
dated software can be downloaded from our website:
www.GEInspectionTechnologies.com
6HWWLQJ8SIRU3KDVHG$UUD\0HDVXUHPHQW
Step 3: The date and time formats shown on the display- Step 3: To change the hours or minutes setting, turn the
screen and in outputted reports will be set to the choice function knob while the desired character is highlighted.
last selected.
Step 4: When complete, press one more time. The
current time will be set to the time displayed.
Setting the Date (CONFIG-STARTUP-DATE)
Step 1: Activate the STARTUP Submenu (located in the 2.2 Display Appearance
CONFIG Menu) by pressing below it.
Use the procedures in this section to adjust display ap-
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled DATE. pearance. The adjustments will require access to the
The date is displayed in the user-selected format. Note DISPLAY Menu (shown in Figure 2-1).
that the first time you press , the day character
is highlighted. The next time you press , the Setting the Image Color, Brightness, and
month character is highlighted. Finally, pressing Orientation (DISPLAY-IMAGE or -BACKGRND)
again will cause the year character to be highlighted.
Step 3: To change the month, days, or year, turn the The color of displayed images (A-Scan and/or Linear or
function knob while the desired character is highlighted. Sector Scans) can be altered using the IMAGE Submenu.
This submenu also allows the user to change the orien-
Step 4: When complete, press one more time. The tation of the displayed image (shifting the sector origin
current date will be set to the date displayed. from the left to the right side of the display or the A-Scan
starting point from top to bottom, for instance). Similarly,
Setting the Time (STARTUP-CONFIG-TIME) the %$&.*51'6XEPHQXDOORZVWKHXVHUWRFKDQJHWKH
color of the displays background and reading boxes. It
Step 1: Activate the STARTUP Submenu (located in the also changes the displays brightness.
CONFIG Menu) by pressing below it.
Step 1: Activate the IMAGE submenu (located in the
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled TIME. Time DISPLAY Menu) by pressing . Functions will appear
LVGLVSOD\HGLQKRXUIRUPDW1RWHWKDWWKHUVWWLPH\RX down the left side of the display screen.
press , the hours character is highlighted. The next time
you press , the minutes character is highlighted. Step 2: Press next to one of the following functions:
FIGURE 2-1The Display Menu allows the user to adjust most of the instruments display and measured results
when operating in Phased Array mode. Note that alterinJWKHYDOXHRIIXQFWLRQVLGHQWLHGZLWK&$/&ZLOOUHTXLUHD
recalculation of delay laws. Also note that functions marked with * are available only when the TOP View option is
installed (Chapter 8).
AMP COLOR PALETSelect the colors used to 2.3 Installing a Phased Array Probe
represent ranges of amplitude values when sector
or linear scans are displayed.
NOTE: Modifying certain settings related to probe or
VIDEO REVERSEReverse the orientation of Dis- VFDQ FRQJXUDWLRQ ZLOO UHTXLUH D UHFDOFXODWLRQ RI WKH
played Sector Scans (left to right) and Linear Scans. delay laws. When such a change is made, the modi-
Step 3: Press under %$&.*51' Submenu, then HGIXQFWLRQZLOOWXUQUHGLQGLFDWLQJWKDWWKHHIIHFWRI
press next to one of the following functions: this change will not take affect until the new delay-law
calculation is carried out. To command a calculation,
COLORSelect the displays color scheme, which press and hold for three seconds or access the
is applied to the reading boxes. SCAN PATT Submenu and press next to the CALC
COLOR LEGTurn the displayed leg lines ON or Function.
OFF
2.3.1 Connecting a Probe
,0$*(%$&.*51'6HWVWKHEDFNJURXQGFRORU
displayed around the sector scan. When connecting a probe to the instrument, its not only
ASCAN COLORSelect the A-Scans color important that the probes physical connection be properly
PDGHEXWWKDWWKHLQVWUXPHQWLVSURSHUO\FRQJXUHGWR
Step 4: To change the value of the select function, work with the installed probe. To install a phased array
continue pressing the corresponding or turning the probe, connect it to the front of the instrument. Be sure
function knob. to install it with the probe cable facing up and to operate
Step 5: Press under STARTUP (located in the the probe-release lever as shown in Figure 2-2.
CONFIG menu), then press next to BRIGHTNESS.
Press RU WXUQ WKH )XQFWLRQ .QRE WR VHOHFW VHWWLQJV
from 1 to 10.
Step 6: The selected function will remain at the
value last displayed.
Inputting Probe Part and Serial Number (PROBE- PITCH distance between the centers of two
PRB DAT-PART or SERIAL NUMBER) adjacent elements (approximately 0.010 to 0.197
inches or 0.25 to 5 mm)
Step 1: Activate the PRB DAT Submenu (located in the Step 4: The selected parameter will be set to the value
PROBE Menu) by pressing below it. last displayed. Recalculation of delay laws is required.
Step 2: Press next to one of the selections (PART
NUMBER or SERIAL NUMBER) two times. Setting the Probe Delay (PROBE-OFFSET-PROBE
DELAY)
Step 3: To change the active digit of the part or serial
number (to match the value printed on the side of the The Probe Delay Setting represents the time delay caused
SUREHFRQQHFWRUWXUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE7RPDNHWKH y sound-wave travel through a probes wearplate, mem-
QH[WGLJLWDFWLYHWXUQWKH*DLQ.QRE brane, delay line, or wedge. The Probe Delay value is set
Step 4: Press again to complete the PART or as part of the Calibration process (section 2.9). To adjust
the probe delay:
),*85(7KH352%(0HQXDOORZVWKHXVHUWRLQSXWVHWWLQJVUHODWHGWRSUREHDQGZHGJHFRQJXUDWLRQ'HOD\ODZ
recaOFXODWLRQLVUHTXLUHGZKHQWKRVHIXQFWLRQVLQGLFDWHGhere with CALC arePRGLHG
Step 1: Activate the OFFSET Submenu (Located in the The orientation of probe elements with respect to the
PROBE MENU) by pressing below it. Selections will wedge is displayed on the next page.
appear down the left side of the display.
'HQLQJWKH:HGJH*HRPHWU\352%(WDGE
Step 2: Press next to PROBE DELAY.
GEO-VELOCITY or OFFSET Z or ANGLE)
Step 3: 7XUQ WKH )XQFWLRQ .QRE WR DGMXVW WKH 352%(
DELAY setting. Step 1: Activate the WDGE GEO Submenu (located in
the PROBE Menu) by pressing below it. Selections
2.3.3 InpuWWLQJ:HGJH5HODWHG will appear down the left side of the display.
Information Step 2: Press next to one of the selections
(VELOCITY or OFFSET Z or ANGLE).
If the connected phased array probe is equipped with a
wedge, wedge-related settings must be input by accessing Step 3: To change the displayed value (to match that
the PROBE Menu (Figure 2-3). These settings must be printed on the wedge), continue pressing or turning
adjusted each time a different wedge is connected. Most the function knob. Youll note that the following settings
of the wedge-related data is printed on its surface. Note are available (Figure 2-4):
that all wedge-related settings can be stored in a data set VELOCITY Input in/microseconds to match the
OHDVGHVFULEHGLQSection 6.1. velocity of sound through the wedge material
Inputting Wedge Part and Serial Number OFFSET Z Input inches / mm (must be set to 0
(PROBE-WDGE DAT-PART or SERIAL NUMBER) when no wedge is installed) to equal the user-mea-
sured dimension from the wedge surface in contact
Step 1: Activate the WDGE DAT Submenu (located in with the test piece to the Probe Index Point.
the PROBE Menu) by pressing below it. ANGLE 0.0 to 90 degrees to match the user-mea-
Step 2: Press next to one of the selections (PART sured wedge angle.
NUMBER or SERIAL NUMBER) two times. The cursor Step 4: The selected parameter will be set to the value
ZLOOLOOXPLQDWHLQWKHUVWGLJLWVSDFH last displayed. Recalculation of delay laws is required.
Step 3: To change the value of the active digit of the part
or serial number (to match the value printed on the side
RIWKHSUREHFRQQHFWRUWXUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE7RPDNH
WKHQH[WGLJLWDFWLYHWXUQWKH*DLQ.QRE
Step 4: Press again to complete the PART or
SERIAL NUMBER entering process.
),*85(:HGJH*HRPHWU\LVGHQHGKHUH0DQXDOO\PHDVXUHWKHGLVWDQFHIURPWKH3UREH,QGH[3RLQWWRWKHIURQW
RIWKHZHGJHWRnd the WE'*()5217YDOXH<RXPXVWGHWHUPLQHWKLVYDOXHZKHQHYHU25,*,12))6(7WHFKQLTXHV
are used.
Determining and Inputting the 3UREH,QGH[3RLQW dimension before setting ORIGIN OFFSET.
to Wedge-Front-Edge Distance (PROBE-WDGE Step 1: Activate the OFFSET Submenu (located in the
GEO-WEDGE FRONT) PROBE Menu) by pressing below it.
Wedge front is the horizontal distance from the center of Step 2: Manually measure the distance that the front of
the probe to the front of the wedge. This value must be de- the wedge is offset from the target.
termined and input before inputting the ORIGIN OFFSET
(see next section), which allows the instruments display Step 3: Press next to the selection ORIGIN OFF-
to compensate when a probe is offset (by a guide ring, for SET.
LQVWDQFHD[HGGLVWDQFHIURPWKHLQVSHFWLRQWDUJHW Step 4: 7XUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QREXQWLOWKHGLVSOD\HGYDOXH
Step 1: Activate the RESULTS1 Submenu in the DIS- matches the manually measured dimension.
PLAY Menu as set one of the READING values to PA as Step 5: The value will be set to the last one displayed.
described in Section 3.2.
NOTE: Gates must be on. 'HQLQJWKH3UREH(OHPHQW2ULHQWDWLRQZLWK
Respect to the Wedge (PROBE-WDGE DAT-ELEM
Step 2: Activate the WDGE GEO Submenu (located in 1 POS)
the PROBE Menu) by pressing below it.
Step 3: &RXSOH WR D EORFN ZLWK D NQRZQ UHHFWRU DV Markings on the probe body will indicate the location of
shown in Figure 2-4). Move the probe until the probe- element 1 and the direction in which additional elements
ZHGJHIURQWLVDOLJQHGRYHUWKHUHHFWRUDQGWKHUHHFWRU are arranged. The orientation of the probes elements,
is detected). Observe the displayed value of PA. ZLWKUHVSHFWWRWKHZHGJHVJHRPHWU\LVGHQHGXVLQJ
the ELEM 1 POS function. See Figures 2-5 and 2-6.
Step 4: Press next to the selection WEDGE FRONT. Step 1: Activate the WDGE DAT Submenu (located in
Step 5: 7XUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QREXQWLOWKHGLVSOD\HGYDOXH the PROBE Menu) by pressing below it.
of PA reads zero. Step 2: Press next to the selection ELEM 1 POS.
Step 6:5HSHDWWKLVSURFHVVWRFRQUPWKDWWKHGLVSOD\HG Step 3: Continue to press RUWXUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE
value of PA equals zero when the front edge of the probe to select one of the following:
ZHGJH LV DOLJQHG ZLWK WKH NQRZQ UHHFWRU &RQWLQXH WR
adjust the WEDGE FRONT value if required. LOW END -- The position of Element 1 is indicated
on the probe body at a location corresponding to the
NOTE: The WEDGE FRONT (WF) and ORIGIN OFF- low (thinnest) side of the wedge. Remaining ele-
SET (OO) settings directly effect the frame of reference ments are arranged towards the high (thickest) side
from which all projection RESULTS (such as PA) are of the wedge. (Figure 2-5)
measured. When a value of 0 is input for both WF and HIGH END -- The position of Element 1 is indicated
OO, all projection results are measured with respect to on the probe body at a location corresponding to the
the probe index point (PIP). When 0 is input for OO and high (thickest) side of the wedge. Remaining ele-
a numerical value for WF, all projection measurements ments are arranged towards the low (thinnest) side
are with respect to the wedge front. When numerical of the wedge. (Figure 2-6)
values are input for both WF and OO, all projection
UHVXOWVDUHPHDVXUHGZLWKUHVSHFWWRWKHXVHUGHQHG Step 4: 3UREHHOHPHQWRULHQWDWLRQZLOOEHGHQHGDVODVW
origin. displayed. Recalculation of delay laws is required.
),*85((/(0326VHWWLQJLGHQWLHVWKHORFDWLRQRIWKHSUREHVUVWHOHPHQWDQGGHVFULEHVWKHGLUHFWLRQ
LQZKLFKUHPDLQLQJHOHPHQWVDUHDUUDQJHG,QWKLVFDVHWKHUVWHOHPHQWLVORFDWHGDWWKHHGJHRIWKHSUREHWKDW
corresponds to the LOW (thin) side of the wedge with additional elements arranged towards the high (thick) side of the
wedge.
),*85((/(0326VHWWLQJLGHQWLHVWKHORFDWLRQRIWKHSUREHVUVWHOHPHQWDQGGHVFULEHVWKHGLUHFWLRQ
LQZKLFKUHPDLQLQJHOHPHQWVDUHDUUDQJHG,QWKLVFDVHWKHUVWHOHPHQWLVORFDWHGDWWKHHGJHRIWKHSUREHWKDW
corresponds to the HIGH (thick) side of the wedge with additional elements arranged towards the low (thin) side of the
wedge.
Inputting Part Thickness (PART-PLAN-MAT When operating in Phased Array mode, the sequence
THICKNESS) DQGSDWWHUQDWZKLFKWKHSUREHVHOHPHQWVUHDUHGHQHG
by the scan parameters (SCAN Menu). This section de-
Step 1: Activate the PLAN Submenu (located in the PART
scribes the process for setting these parameters and the
Menu) by pressing below it.
effect of their settings on the instruments function. The
Step 2: Press next to the selection 0$7 7+,&.- following scan parameters are represented graphically
NESS. in Figures 2-7 and 2-8 and described in greater detail
Step 3: 7XUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QREWRFKDQJHWKHWKLFNQHVV below:
to match the part under test. /,1($56&$17<3(&RQWUROOHGULQJRIPXOWLSOH
Step 4: The inputted thickness will be set to the last value elements at a constant angle (Figure 2-7)
displayed.
6(&7256&$17<3( Constant-sized groups of
Specifying Part Material Type (PART-PLAN- elements (said to represent a constant aperture)
MATERIAL) DUHUHGDWYDU\LQJDQJOHVFigure 2-8)
Step 1: Activate the PLAN Submenu (located in the PART )2&$/32,17 Depth into the part at which the
Menu) by pressing below it. phased array focuses. This depth represents an
area of interest. It can be set to UNFOCUSED (by
Step 2: Press next to the selection MATERIAL. holding for approximately three seconds) for typi-
Step 3: 7XUQ WKH )XQFWLRQ .QRE RU FRQWLQXH WR SUHVV cal phased-array applications (Figure 2-9).
until the material type listed matches the part under
NOTE: Focal points are valid within the natural
test.
QHDUHOG length N of the selected aperture where:
Step 4: The longitudinal and shear acoustic velocities will
be set to the average value of the material type displayed. N = D2efff for circular transducers
Note that the displayed values are only an approximate 4c
DQGVKRXOGEHQHWXQHGWRPRUHFORVHO\PDWFKWKHDF-
N = 1.3 a2f for square transducers
tual velocities of sound through the material under test.
4c
Changes to VELOCITY L or VELOCITY S will require
recalculation of delay laws. Deff = effective transducer diameter
a = side length of the transducer
'HQLQJWKH6SHHGRI6RXQGLQWKH7HVW3DUW
f = resonance frequency of the transducer
(Longitudinal and Shear Velocity) (PART-PLAN- c = sound velocity in the test object
VELOCITY L or VELOCITY S)
:$9(7<3( Indicates whether the user-input
Step 1: Activate the PLAN Submenu (located in the PART transverse or longitudinal speed of sound should be
Menu) by pressing below it. used. The setting selected will depend on the probe
Step 2: Press next to either the VELOCITY L or the type or the type of wave created by refraction when
VELOCITY S selection. using a wedge.
Step 3: 7XUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QREXQWLOWKHYHORFLW\OLVWHG SCAN PATTERN Start, stop, and step angles that
matches the speed of sound in the part under test. GHQHWKHLQFUHPHQWDODQJXODUFKDQJHIROORZHGGXU-
Step 4: The longitudinal and transverse acoustic veloci- ing a sector scan. When performing a linear scan,
ties will be set to the value last displayed. Changes to the scanning angle remains constant at the value
VELOCITY L or VELOCITY S will require recalculation GHQHGE\ANGLE START.
of delay laws.
'HQing the Scan Parameters NOTE: A +/-- Sector can be created by setting the
sector scans START ANGLE to a negative value
NOTE: Modifying certain settings related to probe or and the scans END ANGLE to a positive value.
VFDQ FRQJXUDWLRQ ZLOO UHTXLUH D UHFDOFXODWLRQ RI WKH
delay laws. When such a change is made, the modi-
HGIXQFWLRQZLOOWXUQUHGLQGLFDWLQJWKDWWKHHIIHFWRI
this change will not take affect until the new delay-law
calculation is carried out. To command a calculation,
press and hold for three seconds or access the
SCAN PATT submenu and press next to the CALC
Function.
$3(5785( During a sector scan, these parame- Step 3: Turning the function knob will change the value
WHUVGHQHWKHUVWHOHPHQWWREHUHGDQGWKHQXP- of LEG and reduce or expand the sound-path length dis-
EHURIDGGLWLRQDOHOHPHQWVWRUHDWHDFKDQJXODU played on the screen. If COLOR LEG is set to ON, youll
setting (or STEP). When performing a linear scan, also notice the addition or removal of leg lines as the LEG
WKHUVWHOHPHQWWREHUHGDQGQXPEHURIDGGLWLRQDO setting changes.
HOHPHQWVLQWKDW67(3DUHGHQHGDVZHOODVWKH
total number of steps. 2.6.2 Setting the Display Delay
$1*8/$5&255(&7('9,(: Adjusts the
The DISPLAY DELAY function shifts the displayed scan
display to match the actual shape of the material
to ignore (or show) a portion of the scan. This function is
inspected during the sector scan.
used to set the Instruments viewing window. To set the
display delay
'
HQLQJWKH8OWUDVRQLF
Characteristics of the Displayed Scan Step 1: Activate the BASE Submenu (located in the UT
Menu) by pressing below it.
/EG Setting to Control the Scan Step 2: Press next to the function titled DISPLAY
D E L AY. C h a n g e t h e v a l u e o f t h e d e l a y b y
Range
WXUQLQJ WKH )XQFWLRQ .QRE WKHQ SUHVV DQG KROG
7KHGLVSOD\HGVHFWRURUOLQHDUVFDQUHSUHVHQWVWKHUHHF- for three seconds to recalculate the delay laws.
tion of sound off various features in the test piece. The Youll note that the displayed Sector, Linear, or A-Scan
display range (distance traveled by the sound beam in the shifts in response to the setting change.
test piece) is altered by adjusting the LEG setting. The ef-
fect of this adjustment is to show fewer (or additional) legs 'HQLQJWKH'LVSOD\V6WDUWLQJ
as shown in Figure 2-10. To modify the LEG setting, Point
Step 1: Make sure the COLOR LEG function (DISPLAY
The DISPLAY START Function sets the displays start-
0HQX%$&.*51'6XEPHQXLVVHWWR217KLVFDXVHV
ing point to match the initial pulse or IF-Gate trigger (for
the leg lines shown in Figure 2-10 to be displayed but is
linear scans only) or the position at which sound enters
not otherwise required to use the LEG feature.
the test material. To select a display starting position
Step 2: Press to activate the HOME Menu. Then (Figure 2-11):
press next to the selection titled LEG.
),*85(&KDQJLQJWKHQXPEHURIGLVSOD\HG/(*VPRGLHVWKHGLVSOD\HGVRXQGSDWKUDQJH,QWKLVFDVH
DSSUR[LPDWHO\OHJVDUHGLVSOD\HGKHUH
Step 1: Activate the BASE Submenu (located in the UT 2.7 Pulser and Receiver Settings for
Menu) by pressing below it. Function can also be ac- Phased Array Operation
cessed via the SYNCH Submenu located in the SCAN
Menu.
Step 2: Press next to the function titled DISPLAY
2.7.1 Setting the 3XOVHU9ROWDJH/HYHO
START. Continue pressing RUWXUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE 8738/6(592/7$*(
to select from:
7KHUHODWLYHHQHUJ\ZLWKZKLFKWKHSXOVHUUHVLVDGMXVWHG
IP STARTDisplay start corresponds to the initial by changing the VOLTAGE setting. To set the pulser volt-
pulse age level:
IF STARTDisplay start corresponds to the IF-Gate
Step 1: Activate the PULSER Submenu (located in the
trigger
UT Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will appear
MATERIALDisplay start corresponds to the posi- down the left side of the display screen.
tion at which sound enters the test material
Step 2: Press next to the function titled VOLTAGE.
NOTE: To select a DISPLAY START other than MATE- Note that the pulser VOLTAGE level can be set between
RIAL, the IF Gate must be turned ON. Initial IF Gate DQGYROWVE\WXUQLQJWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE
positioning is related to the Z parameter, which must
Step 3: The pulser VOLTAGE will be set to the value
not be set to zero (accessed via the WEDGE GEO Sub-
last displayed.
menu, found in the PROBE Menu). The Z parameter
relates to the measured distance from the probe to the
test piece through the delay material. The IF Gate is
initially positioned based on this value. Switching on
the IF Gate activates the IF condition that controls the
A- and B-Gate starting point.
FIGURE 2-11The DISPLAY START value can be set to IP, IF, or MATERIAL. When the IF Gate is turned on, the A-
and B-Gate starting points are based on the IF-Gate triggering echo. Note that both IF and IP DISPLAY START modes
DFFRPPRGDWHYDULDWLRQVLQWKHLQLWLDOSXOVHWRLQWHUIDFHGLVWDQFHZKLOHWKH0$7(5,$/VHWWLQJDVVXPHVD[HGGLVWDQFH
from the initial pulse to the test-piece interface.
2.7.2 Selecting the Pulser Width Step 2: Press next to he function titled FREQUENCY.
8738/6(5:,'7+ Change the value of the receiver frequency by continuing
to press RUE\WXUQLQJWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE<RXOOQRWH
The pulser width generally varies from 40 to 1000 nano- that the following frequency settings are available:
seconds. A recommended starting point from which the 0+]Select as required
width setting can be adjusted is found by the following
equation: /2:3$660+]Select to utilize a built-in low-
SDVV/3OWHU
PULSE WIDTH = 1000 ns with f in MHz
2f +,*+3$660+]Select to utilize a built-in high-
SDVV+3OWHU
For example, if a 2 MHz probe is used, the equation
becomes: %%0+]Select to utilize a built-in broad-
EDQG%%OWHU
PULSE WIDTH = 1000 ns = 250 nanoseconds
2.2 Step 3: The receiver frequency level will be set to the last
for f = 2 MHz selection displayed.
Remember that gate position has the following effects on Setting a Gates Starting Point (UT-GATE POS-
instrument performance: GATE START)
7KH,)*DWHSURYLGHVDUHIHUHQFHSRLQWIURPZKLFK
the other gates are positioned, and provides a Step 1: Activate the GATE POS Submenu (located in
reference from which the displayed data can be the UT Menu).
positioned. No data is collected from IF-Gate Step 2: Select the gate to be positioned using the GATE
triggering. The range of values that can be input SELECT function. The color of function-block values
for the starting point and width of the IF Gate is matches the color of the corresponding gate.
LQXHQFHGE\WKH=SDUDPHWHUDFFHVVHGYLDWKH
WEDGE GEO Submenu, found in the PROBE Step 3: Select the GATE START function and adjust the
Menu. VWDUWLQJSRLQWE\WXUQLQJWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE,QFUHDVLQJDQG
decreasing the value of the starting point moves the gate
7KH$6FDQGLVSOD\VHFKRDPSOLWXGHVDVDIXQFWLRQ
(in A-Scan view) to the right and left, respectively.
RIGLVWDQFHIRUDOOUHHFWHGVRXQGZDYHV:KHQWKH
gate is moved down (as shown in Figure 2-12), the Step 4: The gate starting point will remain as set, even
gated area represents a region thats deeper into when width adjustments are made.
the test material.
$ZLGHUJDWHZLOOVLPSO\VSDQWKHHTXLYDOHQWRIPRUH Adjusting a Gates Width (UT-GATE POS-GATE
test-material depth WIDTH)
DOLEUDWLQJWKH,QVWUXPHQW3UREH
& 3HUIRUPLQJD4XLFN&DOLEUDWLRQ
Combination
Using the optional calibration block purchased with your
The phased-array calibration process requires the use instrument (or one youve fabricated), a quick calibration
of a calibration standard, of proper material type, with procedure (matched to a designated sector-scan applica-
WZR NQRZQ UHHFWRUV &RPSOHWLQJ WKH SURFHVV UHTXLUHV tion) can be performed as follows:
adjustment of the PROBE DELAY and VELOCITY values
to match the instrument/probe/test piece combination in Setup Procedure
use. Before launching the calibration process, complete
all applicable tasks described in Chapters 2 and 3 Step 1: Press to display the A-Scan-plus-Sector Scan
including: view.
To launch the calibration process: Step 7: Display SA and SBA measurements (accessed
via the RESULTS1 submenu located in the DISPLAY
Step 1: Activate the CAL Submenu (Located in the PART menu).
MENU) by pressing below it. Selections will appear
down the left side of the display. Step 8: Adjust the probe position to maximize the echo
amplitude.
Step 2: Couple the probe to the calibration standard so
WKDWWKHUVWUHHFWRULVFDSWXUHGLQ$*DWHDQGWKHVHFRQG Step 9: Adjust instrument gain to move the largest dis-
GHHSHUUHHFWRULVFDSWXUHGE\WKH%*DWH3UHVV played echo to just below 100% FSH.
next to VELOCITY and adjust the value until the displayed
SBA value matches the depth of the calibration standards
NQRZQUHHFWRU
Step 3: Couple the probe to the calibration standard so
WKDWWKHUVWUHHFWRULVFDSWXUHGLQ$*DWH3UHVV next
to PROBE DELAY and adjust the value until the displayed
SA value matches the depth of the calibration standards
NQRZQUHHFWRU
The material velocity and probe delay are now adjusted
to match the instrument/probe/test piece combination.
Calibration Procedure
A
B
This chapter of the manual explains how to adjust the 3.1 Selecting the Displayed 9LHZ
instruments display to most effectively evaluate A, Sec- (Phased Array)
tor, and Linear Scans acquired in Phased Array Mode.
In this chapter, youll learn how to: When operating in Phased Array Mode, there are three
ways in which the resulting image may be viewed. Press
Set the displayed view to include either A-Scan, to change the view mode, noting that each change
Sector (or Linear) Scan, or a combination of the two requires a few seconds to update the display screen.
(Section 3.1) During this brief delay, appears near the upper right
Select the measured values to be displayed corner of the screen. If the A-Scan and Sector (or Linear)
(Section 3.2) Scans are displayed simultaneously, the relation of the
WZRVFDQVZLWKUHVSHFWWRHDFKRWKHUFDQEHPRGLHGDV
Link and Unlink the A-Scans position with the described in Section 3.3. Available views include:
Sector or Linear Scan when both are displayed
(Section 3.3) Sector or Linear Scan only (Figure 3-1)
Control the Beam Cursors Angular Position with the Sector or Linear Scan with A-Scan (Figure 3-2)
)XQFWLRQ.QRE(Section 3.3) A-Scan only
Assess on-screen images in Freeze Mode As described in Section 2.5, switching between Sector
(Section 3.4) and Linear Scans requires recalculation of the phased-
Adjusting the gain setting (Section 3.5) array delay laws. If a change is required, access the
ELECTRNC Submenu (in the SCAN Menu) and choose
Operate in TCG Mode (Section 3.6) the TYPE of scan. Note that the IF Gates LOGIC Function
must be set to OFF before selecting a sector scan type.
FIGURE 3-1Either the Sector (shown here) or Linear Scan can be displayed by itself. Note key on-screen D[HVDQG
other features idHQWLHGKere.
FIGURE 3-2The A-Scan can be displayed (note its vertical orientation) together with either the Sector (shown here) or
Linear Scan.
NOTE: 7KH A V\PERO LQGLFDWHV WKDW *$7( GHWHFWLRQ P%BPeak amplitude of all beams in scan that are
PRGHLVVHWWR3($.ZKLOHLQGLFDWHVLWLVVHWWR)/$1. currently captured by Gate B (as a % of FSH)
All measurements are relative to the origin line. 36%A3HDNVRXQGSDWKGLVWDQFHRIDOOEHDPVLQ
scan that are currently captured by Gate B
Gate triggering can, in some cases, occur at a point
that does not appear on the display screen. Setting the 33%A3HDNSURMHFWLRQGLVWDQFHRIDOOEHDPVLQ
GATE SHAPE Function to DEPTH BASED ensures scan that are currently captured by Gate B
that off-screen triggers of the A- or B-Gates are ignored. 3'%A3HDNPDWHULDOGHSWKRIDOOEHDPVLQVFDQ
See Section 2.8.4. that are currently captured by Gate B
BEAMAngular position of the Beam Cursor in 3=%A3HDNXQFRUUHFWHGGHSWKRIDOOEHDPVLQVFDQ
Sector View, or Beam number in Linear view. that are currently captured by Gate B
P%APeak amplitude of all beams in scan that are A%AAmplitude (as a % of full-screen height) of
currently captured by Gate A (as a % of FSH) the highest echo to cross A-Gate in the beam se-
lected by the beam cursor.
FIGURE 3-4A-Scan Mode setting links the A-Scans vertical location to the corresponding scans, vertical location, or
H[WHQGVthe A-Scan across the full vertical height of the display.
NORMALThe vertical length of the A-Scan re- (it appears as a vertical line in Linear Scans). The angu-
mains constant at full screen height and does not lar position of this cursor, which can be displayed in a
change with changes in the Sector or Linear Scans Reading box (Section 3.2), can be controlled by turning
display. WKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE7RFRQWUROWKH%HDP&XUVRUZLWKWKH
Step 3: Note that this setting effects the A-Scan only )XQFWLRQ.QRE
when it is displayed together with either a Sector or Lin- First press to reach the Home Menu, then quickly
ear Scan. press it again. This will cause all displayed functions to
EHFRPHGHVHOHFWHGDQGZLOOOLQNWKH)XQFWLRQ.QREWRWKH
Controlling the Beam Cursor with the Function Cursor. Note that moving the beam cursor changes the
Knob (DISPLAY-VIEW-BEAM CURSOR) selected beam and therefore effects the value of those
displayed RESULTS that are based on the selected beam
Whenever a Sector is displayed, the Beam Cursor ap-
(Section 3.2).
pears as a diagonal line across the scan display screen
Page 34 PHASOR XS Operating Manual
3. Operating in Phased Array Mode
FIGURE 3-5These A and Sector Scans are being evaluated in Freeze Mode.
FIGURE 3-6Setting Analog (dBA) and Digital (dBD) Gain and using the dB REF Feature
Step 2: To unlock the knob, change the setting of dB can be manually entered as described in Section 3.6.4.
67(3WRVRPHYDOXHRWKHUWKDQ/2&. 7RHQVXUHWKDWWKHUHIHUHQFHUHHFWRULVGHWHFWHGE\
each beam angle, the Amplitude-Cycle-Diagram is
NOTE: Both knobs are disabled whenever operating displayed along with the sector scan throughout the
LQ.QRE(PXODWRUPRGH . standard recording process. Created as the probe is
PRYHGRYHUWKHUHIHUHQFHUHHFWRU(Figure 3-8), this
3.6 Operating in TCG Mode (Phased FXUYHUHSUHVHQWVWKHUHHFWHGDPSOLWXGHREWDLQHGIRU
Array) each beam angle. The instrument requires that a valid
amplitude be measured for each beam angle before the
7KHGHSWKDWZKLFKLGHQWLFDOUHHFWRUVRFFXUFDXVHV TCG reference point can be recorded (Section 3.6.1).
variation in the amplitude of resulting ultrasonic echoes.
In phased-array sector-scan mode, the TCG feature When operating in TCG mode will appear on the
compensates for the natural signal decay that results display screen. Before using the TCG Function do the
IURPDWWHQXDWLRQWKHLQXHQFHRIGLVWDQFHODZVDQG following:
also the effect of beam angle on echo
Ensure that all instrument settings (PULSER, RE-
amplitude (Figure 3-7).
CEIVER, etc.) have been made. Changing these
To account for the effect of beam angle on echo settings after the TCG reference points are input will
amplitude, TCG reference recording requires that each affect the accuracy of measurement.
UHIHUHQFHUHHFWRUEHGHWHFWHGE\HYHU\EHDPDQJOH
(described in Section 3.6.1). Alternatively, TCG points
FIGURE 3-8The Amplitude Cycle Diagram indicates the TCG-reference amplitude recorded at each beam angle.
Carefully calibrate the instrument for the probe / Step 1: A-Gate is used to record the reference echoes.
material combination prior to beginning the TCG Set GATE START and WIDTH to evaluate only the se-
recording process. lected reference echo. Set THRESHOLD to 5% in order
to include any signal height above 5% FSH.
6HWWKH0$77+,&.1(66DQG/(*YDOXHVVRWKDW
DOOUHIHUHQFHUHHFWRUVZLOOIDOOZLWKLQWKHGLVSOD\HG Step 2: Access the NRM/TCG Submenu (located in the
sector. These settings can not be adjusted while UT Menu) by pressing .
recording TCG points.
Step 3: Start the recording process by pressing (two
TCG reference points (up to 15) must be recorded times) next to RECORD so that POINT 1 appears.
by obtaining an A-Scan echo of a representative Couple the phased array probe to the test standard so that
UHHFWRURUPDQXDOO\HQWHUHGXVLQJWKH7&*(',7 at least one step segment on the displays left side (see
Submenu. The reference points allow the instru- Figure 3-9LQGLFDWHVWKHUHHFWRUVSUHVHQFH$VVHHQLQ
ment to calculate and compensate for the effect of Figure 3-9, display segments move to the right from their
PDWHULDODWWHQXDWLRQRQUHHFWRUDPSOLWXGHKHLJKW baseline position by an amount thats proportionate to their
The dynamic range of the TCG function is 40 dB. maximum amplitude. Note that changing Gain setting or
Maximum curve slope is 6 dB per microsecond. moving the A-Gate THRESHOLD will alter the amplitude
Successive data points do not have to decrease in DWZKLFKWKLVUHHFWRULVGHWHFWHGLQ$*DWH
amplitude. That is, the TCG curve does not have to
have a constantly descending slope. NOTE: During the recording process, the gain applied
to one or more beam group segments can be reduced
3.6.1 Recording the TCG Reference WRHOLPLQDWHWKHHIIHFWRIDQXQGHVLUHGUHHFWRUVXFK
Points as a geometric feature that is detected by these spe-
FLFVHJPHQWVRQWKHUHFRUGLQJRID7&*SRLQW6HH
TCG reference points are typically taken from a standard Section 3.6.2 to select a region of interest during the
ZLWK HTXDOO\ VL]HG UHHFWRUV KROHV ORFDWHG DW YDULRXV TCG-point recording process.
material depths. The primary echo from each of these
points (for up to a total of 15 echoes) are recorded. When NOTE: The cyclic gain feature (Section 3.6.3) adds an
TCG is active, the instrument compensates for different incremental amount of gain to each beam group.
material thickness and different detecting-beam angles
by applying a varying gain level to echoes at material
depths other than the baseline depth. Only one set of
TCG reference points can be stored at a time. To record
TCG reference points:
Step 4: Move the probe so that additional segments on Step 2: ,GHQWLI\WKHUVWEHDPJURXSVIRUZKLFK\RXZDQW
WKH GLVSOD\V OHIW VLGH LQGLFDWH WKH SUHVHQFH RI WKH UVW WRGHQHD7&*SRLQW
UHHFWRU$JDLQGLVSOD\VHJPHQWVPRYHWRWKHULJKWIURP
Step 3: Adjust gain as required and record the TCG refer-
their baseline position by an amount thats proportion-
ence data (by pressing next to RECORDING) for the
ate to the maximum A-Scan amplitude (in A Gate) they
indicated group(s). The instrument will NOT proceed to
acquire. All segments must indicate the presence of the
the next TCG point at this time.
UHHFWRUE\PRYLQJWRWKHULJKWRIWKHLUEDVHOLQHSRVLWLRQ
and no segment may indicate an amplitude greater than Step 4: As prompted, continue to identify beam groups
IXOOVFUHHQKHLJKW,GHDOO\ZLWKVXIFLHQWPRYHPHQW and apply suitable gain to those groups, recording the
of the probe, display segments will represent somewhat beam groups as described in Step 4.
consistent amplitudes.
Step 5: When data has been recorded for all beam
Step 5: $IWHUHDFKGLVSOD\VHJPHQWVXIFLHQWO\LQGLFDWHV groups, the TCG recording process will automatically
WKHUHHFWRUVSUHVHQFHSUHVV to record POINT 1. proceed to the next TCG point.
6HOHFWLQJ%HDP*URXSVRI,QWHUHVW
During the TCG Recording Process
During the recording process, the gain applied to one or
more beam-group segment can be reduced to eliminate
WKHHIIHFWRIDQXQGHVLUHGUHHFWRUVXFKDVDJHRPHWULF
IHDWXUHWKDWLVGHWHFWHGE\WKHVHVSHFLFVHJPHQWVRQ
the recording of a TCG point. To select a region of interest
during the TCG-point recording process:
Step 1: Press next to the BEAM GROUP Function
LGHQWLHGLQFigure 3-9).
NOTE: TCG points can be manually stored one beam Step 5: Press to activate the POINT Function and set
at a time, or for all beams in the scan at once. To edit its value to NEW.
all beams at once, set the BEAM CURSOR Function
at either of its extreme positions. This condition, shown Step 6: Press next to POINT POS. and POINT GAIN,
in Figure 3-10, causes all available beams (such as 1 WKHQWXUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE6HWWKHVHYDOXHVWRFRUUH-
through 57, if the scan includes a total of 57 beams) spond with the desired position and applied gain level of
to be listed. Alternatively, set the BEAM CURSOR WKHUVW7&*SRLQW
Function to each beam (Step 4 below), continue with Step 7: :KHQ WKH UVW 7&* SRLQWV SRVLWLRQ DQG JDLQ
the process of recording the TCG point settings for that are correctly set, press next to POINT (two times) to
beam, then continue to the next beam until all beams UHFRUGWKHGHQHGSRLQW
in the scan are complete. This results in a single TCG
point being stored (Step 6 below) and allows the pro- Step 8: 7XUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QREWRVHWWKH32,17)XQF-
cess to continue if additional points are required. tion to NEW again and continue the process described in
Steps 4 through 8 until up to 15 desired TCG points are
7RPDQXDOO\GHQHD7&*FXUYH entered.
Step 1: Access the NRM/TCG Submenu (located in the
UT Men u) by pressing . 3.6.5 Editing TCG Points
Step 2: Start the recording process by pressing (two
$IWHUFUHDWLQJD7&*&XUYHPRGLFDWLRQVFDQEHPDGH
times) next to RECORD so that POINT 1 appears.
to the amplitude or time-based position of existing points.
Step 3: Access the TCG EDIT Submenu. In addition, more points (up to a total of 15) can be added
to the existing TCG using the TCG EDIT Submenu.
Step 4: Press to activate the BEAM CURSOR
Function and set its value to a single beam, or turn in to
one of its extremes to select all beams in the SCAN (see
Figure 3-10).
),*85(7&*SRLQWVFDQEHPDQXDOO\LQVHUWHGWRFUHDWHDQHZ7&*FXUYHRUWRDGGQHZSRLQWVWRDQH[LVWLQJ
curve. Note that TCG data can be stored or edited for one beam at a time or for ALL beams in a scan by adjusting the
BEAM CURSOR Function.
To modify an existing TCG: POINT POS.Modify (or input for NEW points) the
time position of a TCG point. As exiting points are
Step 1: Press below TCG EDIT Submenu (located
selected with the POINT Function, their present
in the UT Menu).
time-based position will be displayed. Simply press
Step 2: Four functions are available to allow for curve next to the POINT POS. Function and turn the
PRGLFDWLRQ )XQFWLRQ.QREWRDOWHUWKLVYDOXH:KHQD1(:
point is selected, the POINT POS. Function will be
%($0&85625Select the beam (angular posi-
LQLWLDOO\VHWWREXWFDQEHPRGLHGLQWKHVDPH
tion in sector-scan mode or shot number in linear-
way. Note that an existing point can be deleted (re-
scan mode) to be edited. Note that edits can be
moved from the curve) by changing the value of its
made beam-by-beam or to all beams at once. To
POINT POS. to 0.
edit all beams at once, set the BEAM CURSOR
Function at either of its extreme positions. This con- POINT GAINModify (or input for NEW points) the
dition, shown in Figure 3-10, will cause all available time position of a TCG point. As exiting points are
beams (such as 1 through 57, if the scan includes a selected with the POINT Function, their present gain
total of 57 beams) to be listed. level will be displayed. Simply press next to the
32,17*$,1)XQFWLRQDQGWXUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE
POINTSelect the existing point to modify (alter
to alter this value. When a NEW point is selected,
the applied gain or time-based position) or set to
the POINT GAIN Function will be initially set to 0,
NEW to enter an additional point. Points can also
EXWFDQEHPRGLHGLQWKHVDPHZD\
be entered to create a new curve (when no curve is
present). Note that the total number of points (either
NOTE: Edited or newly input time or gain values will
acquired or inputted) can not exceed 15.
take effect only after the BEAM or POINT value is
changed.
FIGURE 4-1Installation of standard Lithium battery pack. Note the location of the Power Adapter Port and Lithium
battery pack on-board charging port.
FIGURE 4-2Some of the keypad and knob functions are shown here.
FIGURE 4-3These conventional menus, submenus, and functions are accessed through the Home Menu.
DGS PROB Submenu (Refer to Section 5.13) READING Submenu (Refer to Section 4.9.2)
352%(1$0(Name of built-in probe options (set to 0 for user- 9(/2&,7<Displays the instruments default velocity for the spec-
GHQHGSUREH LHGPDWHULDOW\SHDVZHOODVWKHFDOFXODWHGYHORFLW\DIWHUFDOLEUDWLRQ
;7$/)5(48(1&<Frequency of selected probe 352%('(/$<Adjustment made as a result of the zeroing pro-
EFF DIAMETERDiameter of selected probe cedure. This represents the time delay caused by sound-wave travel
through a probes wearplate, membrane, delay line, or wedge (plastic).
'(/$<9(/2&,7<Delay line velocity of selected probe
FILES Menu
REF ECHO Submenu (Refer to Section 5.13)
GATE A STARTSets A-Gate starting point FILENAME Submenu (Refer to Sections 6.1 and 6.6)
5()(5(1&(7<3(6HOHFW'*6UHIHUHQFHUHHFWRUW\SH ),/(1$0(6HOHFWVWRUHGOHVRULQSXWQHZGDWDVHWRUUHSRUW
name.
5()6,=(6HWVL]HRI'*6UHIHUHQFHUHHFWRU
6285&('(67Indicates the device to or from which data is sent.
RECORD REF5HFRUGUHIHUHQFHUHHFWRUIURPZKLFK'*6FXUYHLV
$&7,215HFDOOVRUGHOHWHVWKHVHOHFWHGOHDQGVDYHVHGLWVWR
built
data sets and reports.
REF CORR Submenu (Refer to Section 5.13)
(17(5&DXVHVVSHFLHG$&7,21WRRFFXU
REF ATTENInput sound attenuation of DGS reference material
HEADER Submenu (Refer to Section 6.5)
$03/&255(&7,QSXWVSHFLHGDQJOHEHDPSUREHFRUUHFWLRQ +($'(5180%(5Selects the Header Line to edit.
value
(',7Set to YES to allow editing of the selected Header Line.
'(/(7(5()Delete stored DGS reference and corresponding +'5,15(3257Determines if the header will be included in the
curve generated report.
MAT ATTN Submenu (Refer to Section 5.13) MEMO Submenu (Refer to Section 6.4)
TEST ATTENInput sound attenuation of test material (',7Allows editing / creation of the Memo.
TRANSFER CORRdB compensation for differences between stan- 0(02,15(3257Determines if the memo will be included in the
dard and test coupling generated report.
OFFSETS Submenu (Refer to Section 5.13) REPORT Submenu (Refer to Section 6.6)
OFFSET 1'LVSOD\VDOLQHDWD[HGJDLQRIIVHWIURPWKH'*6FXUYH IMAGE IN REPORTDetermines if the displayed Scan(s) will be
OFFSET 2'LVSOD\VDOLQHDWD[HGJDLQRIIVHWIURPWKH'*6FXUYH included in the generated report.
PARAM IN REPORTDetermines if instrument settings will be
OFFSET 3'LVSOD\VDOLQHDWD[HGJDLQRIIVHWIURPWKH'*6FXUYH
listed in the generated report.
OFFSET 4'LVSOD\VDOLQHDWD[HGJDLQRIIVHWIURPWKH'*6FXUYH
AUTOCAL Menu 4.5 Display Screen Features
SETUP Submenu (Refer to Section 4.9.2) (Conventional)
GATE A STARTShifts the starting point of the A-Gate to the left
and right. The instruments display is designed to be easy to inter-
65()User-input thickness value of the thinner calibration standard.
pret. In Figure 4-4\RXOOQGDQH[DPSOHRIWKHDGLVSOD\
65()User-input thickness value of the thicker calibration stan-
dard.
FRQJXUDWLRQ7KLV VSHFLF GLVSOD\ LQFOXGHV WKH %$6,&
RECORD,GHQWLHVDQGSURJUHVVHVWKURXJKHDFKVWDJHRIWKH PHQX EDU DQG ',63/$< VXEPHQX 5HIHU WR WKLV JXUH
calibration procedure. for an explanation of those screen features youll most
often encounter.
'HQLWLRQRI'LVSOD\Icons
FIGURE 4-6The Basic Menu allows the user to adjust most of the instruments display and operating features.
Setting the Date and Time Formats (BASIC-
/DQJXDJH8QLWVRI0HDVXUHPHQW REGIONAL-DATE FORMAT)
Date, and Time
Step 1: Activate the REGIONAL submenu (located in the
Use the procedures below to adjust the unit of measure- BASIC Menu) by pressing below it.
ment, the date, the time, and the language that appears
on the instruments display screens and data output. The Step 2: Press next to the selection titled DATE FOR-
adjustments will require access to the REGIONAL and MAT. To change the selected format, continue pressing
STARTUP Submenus. These are accessed from the or turn the function knob. Choose from the following
BASIC Menu (shown in Figure 4-6). date and time formats:
Y-M-D (12 or 24 hour time format)
Setting the Operating Language
(BASIC-REGIONAL-LANGUAGE) M/D/Y (12 or 24 hour time format)
Step 1: Activate the REGIONAL Submenu (located in the D.M.Y (12 or 24 hour time format)
BASIC Menu) by pressing below it. Four functions will Step 3: The date and time formats shown on the display-
appear down the left side of the display screen. screen and in outputted reports will be set to the choice
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled LANGUAGE. last selected.
To change the selected language, continue pressing
or turn the function knob. Youll note that the options Setting the Date (BASIC-STARTUP-DATE)
available are English, German, French, Spanish, Italian, Step 1: Activate the STARTUP Submenu (located in the
Japanese and Chinese. The default language is BASIC Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will
English. appear down the left side of the display screen.
Step 3: The display-screen and report language will be
set to the choice last selected.
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled DATE. The 4.6.2 Display Appearance
date is displayed to show the Day, Month, and Year. Note
WKDW WKH UVW WLPH \RX SUHVV , the day character is Use the procedures in this section to adjust display ap-
highlighted. The next time you press , the month pearance. The adjustments will require access to the
character is highlighted. Finally, pressing again DISPLAY submenu, which is accessed from the BASIC
will cause the year character to be highlighted. Menu (shown in Figure 4-6).
Step 3: To change the month, days, or year, turn the Setting the Display Brightness
function knob while the desired character is highlighted. (BASIC-DISPLAY-BRIGHTNES)
Step 4: When complete, press one more time. The
current date will be set to the date displayed. Step 1: Activate the DISPLAY Submenu (located in the
BASIC Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will
Setting the Time (BASIC-STARTUP-TIME) appear down the left side of the display screen.
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled BRIGHT-
Step 1: Activate the STARTUP Submenu (located in the NESS. Settings range from 1 to 10.
BASIC Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will
appear down the left side of the display screen. Step 3: To change the brightness level, continue pressing
or turn the function knob.
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled TIME. Time is
GLVSOD\HGLQRUKRXUIRUPDW1RWHWKDWWKHUVWWLPH Step 4: The display brightness will remain at the level last
you press , the hours character is highlighted. The next displayed.
time you press , the minutes character is highlighted.
Selecting a Display Grid
Step 3: To change the hours or minutes setting, turn the (BASIC-DISPLAY-GRID)
function knob while the desired character is highlighted.
Step 1: Activate the DISPLAY Submenu (located in the
Step 4: When complete, press one more time. The BASIC Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will
current time will be set to the time displayed. appear down the left side of the display screen.
NOTE: Once set, the internal clock will maintain the Step 2: Press next to the selection titled GRID.
current date and time. Step 3: To change the grid type, continue pressing
or turn the function knob. Each grid style is shown in the
Setting the Units of Measurement display screens A-Scan window as it is selected.
(BASIC-REGIONAL-UNITS)
Step 4: The grid style will be set to the last one displayed.
Step 1: Activate the REGIONAL Submenu (located in the
BASIC Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will ap- Setting the Display Color
pear down the left side of the display screen. (BASIC-DISPLAY-COLOR)
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled UNITS. Youll Step 1: Activate the DISPLAY Submenu (located in the
note that the following options are available: BASIC Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will
appear down the left side of the display screen.
mmdefault setting which displays values in mil-
limeters Step 2: Press next to the selection titled
COLOR. There are four preset color schemes.
INCH displays values in inches
Step 3: To change the displays color scheme, continue
Step 3: To change the units of measurement, continue
pressing or turn the function knob.
pressing or turn the function knob.
Step 4: The display color will remain at the scheme last
Step 4: The unit of measurement will be set to the choice
displayed.
last displayed.
4.7 Installing a Conventional Probe Step 3: To change the probe type, continue pressing
or turn the function knob. Each available probe type is rep-
resented by an icon thats displayed in the Icon Bar (near
4.7.1 Connecting a Conventional Probe the upper left corner of the display) whenever that probe
type is indicated. The following types are available:
When connecting a conventional probe to the instrument,
its not only important that the probes physical connection 21)RUGXDOHOHPHQWSUREHV will be
be properly made. Its also important that the instrument is displayed)
SURSHUO\FRQJXUHGWRZRUNZLWKWKHLQVWDOOHGSUREH7KH 2)))RUVLQJOHHOHPHQWSUREHV will be
instrument will operate in conventional mode with a single- displayed)
element probe or with a dual-element probe.
Step 4: The probe type will be set to the last one
To install a single-element probe, connect the probe cable displayed.
to either of the two ports on the side of the instrument
(Figure 4-7). When a dual-element probe is connected to
the instrument, the RECEIVE probe connector should
be installed in the top port and the TRANSMIT probe
connector in the bottom port.
6SHFLI\LQJWKH3UREH)UHTXHQF\ Step 4: The damping level will be set to the one last
(BASIC-RECEIVER-FREQUENCY) displayed.
Step 1: Activate the RECEIVER Submenu (located in the
BASIC Menu) by pressing below it. 4.7.3 Adjusting the Pulser Repetition
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled
Frequency (PRF)
FREQUENCY.
7KH3XOVHUUHVDWDIUHTXHQF\ZKLFKFDQHLWKHUEHVHW
Step 3: To change the specified frequency, continue automatically or manually. To set the PRF mode and
pressing or turn the function knob. Youll note that the frequency level
following frequency settings are available:
Step 1: Activate the BASIC Menu (located in the HOME
0+]Set to match conven- Menu) by pressing below it.
tional probe frequencies
Step 2: Select the PRF Submenu by pressing below it.
%52$'%$1'Select to utilize a built-in broad- Two functions will appear down the left side of the display
EDQG%%OWHU screen.
Step 3: The probe frequency level will be set to the last Step 3: Press next to the function titled PRF MODE.
one displayed. Youll note that there are two options:
$8727KHLQVWUXPHQWFDOFXODWHVDQGVHWVDSXOVHU
Modifying the Signal Ratio to Noise by
ULQJUDWHDWRIWKHPD[LPXPIUHTXHQF\SRV-
Changing the Damping Level sible based on range and material velocity.
(BASIC-PULSER-DAMPING)
0$18$/$OORZVWKHXVHUWRVHWWKHSXOVHUIUH-
Step 1: Activate the PULSER Submenu (located in the quency. Unacceptable PRF settings will cause a
BASIC Menu) by pressing below it. display prompt to appear.
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled DAMPING. Step 4: To manually set the Pulser Repetition Frequency,
or to view the automatically calculated frequency, press
Step 3:7RFKDQJHWKHVSHFLHGGDPSLQJOHYHODQGRSWL-
next to the function titled PRF VALUE. The automati-
mize the A-Scan signal appearance, continue pressing
cally calculated value (if PRF MODE is set to AUTO) will
or turn the function knob. Youll note that the following
be displayed in the function box. If PRF MODE is set to
damping levels are available:
MANUAL, you must now adjust the PRF VALUE by turn-
RU: (see Figure 4-8) ing the function knob.
FIGURE 4-8Typical
Effects of Damping
Changes
NOTE: The PRF VALUE setting may be auto- Step 2: Select the RECEIVER submenu by pressing
matically limited based on the user-selected pulser below it. Four functions will appear down the left side of
voltage setting. This feature acts to limit signal the diplay screen.
dissipation.
Step 3: Press next to the function titled RECTIFY
(Figure 4-9). Youll note that there are four options:
4.7.4 Selecting a 5HFWLFDWLRQ0RGH
1(*+$/):$9(Shows the negative component
5HFWLFDWLRQHIIHFWVWKHRULHQWDWLRQRIWKH$VFDQRQWKH of the RF signal but displays it in a positive orienta-
display screen. The A-scan represents the sound pulse tion
(echo) thats returned from the material being tested to
326+$/):$9(Shows the positive component
the instrument. The series of echoes looks like the Radio
of the RF signal
Frequency (RF) signal thats shown in Figure 4-9. Note
that the RF signal has a negative component below the )8//:$9(Shows the positive and negative
axis, and a positive component above the axis. In RF halves of the RF wave, but both are oriented in the
mode, the A-gate and B-gate can be positioned either positive direction
above or below the axis, to be triggered by a positive-
RF6KRZVWKHHFKRZLWKQRUHFWLFDWLRQ
heading echo or a negative-heading echo.
Step 4:6HOHFWWKHUHFWLFDWLRQPHWKRG
3RVLWLYH +DOI 5HFWLFDWLRQ means that only the upper
(positive) half of the RF signal is displayed.
4.7.5 Setting the Pulser 9ROWDJHRU
Negative Half Rectification means that only the (QHUJ\/HYHO
bottom (negative) half of the RF signal is displayed. In
Figure 4-9, note that even though its the negative half 7KHUHODWLYHHQHUJ\ZLWKZKLFKWKHSXOVHUUHVLVDGMXVWHG
of the RF signal, its displayed in the same orientation as by changing the ENERGY and VOLTAGE settings. To set
a positive component. This is only to simplify viewing. the pulser energy or voltage level:
7KHVLJQDOGLVSOD\HGLQWKHYLHZLGHQWLHGDV1HJDWLYH Step 1: Activate the BASIC Menu (located in the HOME
Reactance is the negative component of the RF signal. Menu) by pressing below it.
)XOO:DYH5HFWLFDWLRQ combines the positive and nega- Step 2: Select the PULSER Submenu by pressing
WLYHUHFWLHGVLJQDOVWRJHWKHUDQGGLVSOD\VERWKRIWKHP below it. Functions will appear down the left side of the
in a positive orientation (Figure 4-9). display screen.
Use the following procedure to select a rectification Step 3: Set the ENERGY level to HIGH or LOW
mode or press next to the function titled VOLTAGE.
Step 1: Activate the BASIC Menu (located in the HOME Set a voltage level to HIGH or LOW.
Menu) by pressing below it.
),*85(5HFWLFDWLRQFRQWUROVKRZPXFKRIWKHUHWXUQHGVRXQGSXOVHDSSHDUVRQWKHGLVSOD\VFUHHQ1RWHWKDW
ZKHQ5)UHFWLFDWLRQLVVHOHFWHGWKH$*DWHDQG%*DWHFDQEHSRVLWLRQHGDERYHRUEHORZWKHD[LV
0DNLQJ&RQYHQWLRQDO0HDVXUHPHQWV
Save the instruments settings as a data set First press and select CONVENTIONAL MODE, then
(Section 5.4) press . From the Home Menu, activate the Gates
Menu by pressing below it. The submenus and
Lock the instruments gain knob to prevent adjust- functions available in the Gates Menu are shown in
ment (Section 5.5) Figure 5-1.
5.1.1 Positioning Gates Step 2: Select the gate to be positioned using the GATE
SELECT function. The color of function-block values
Use the following procedures to set the vertical and matches the color of the corresponding gate.
horizontal position of the A Gate and B-Gate. The effect Step 3: Select the GATE START function and adjust the
of each gate-positioning function is shown in Figure 5-2. VWDUWLQJ SRLQW E\ WXUQLQJ WKH )XQFWLRQ .QRE ,QFUHDVLQJ
Remember that gate position has the following effects on and decreasing the value of the starting point moves the
instrument performance: gate to the right and left, respectively.
$6FDQHFKRVRQWKHULJKWVLGHRIWKHGLVSOD\VFUHHQ Step 4: The gate starting point will remain as set, even
represent features that occur at a greater depth when width adjustments are made.
from the test-material surface than those on the left
of the display screen. Therefore, moving a gate to Adjusting a Gates Width
the right means that the gate is evaluating a deeper (GATES-POSITION-GATE WIDTH)
portion of the test material
$ZLGHUJDWHZLOOVLPSO\VSDQWKHHTXLYDOHQWRIPRUH Step 1: Activate the POSITION Submenu.
test-material depth Step 2: Select the gate to be positioned using the GATE
,QFUHDVLQJWKHYHUWLFDOKHLJKWFDOOHGWKUHVKROGRID SELECT function.
JDWHPHDQVWKDWRQO\UHHFWHGVLJQDOVRIVXIFLHQWO\ Step 3: Select the GATE WIDTH function and adjust by
large amplitude will cross the gate WXUQLQJWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE
Setting a Gates Starting Point
(GATES-POSITION-GATE START)
Setting a Gates Threshold (Vertical Position) Step 1: Activate the MODE Submenu (located in the
(GATES-POSITION-GATE THRESHOLD) GATES Menu).
Step 2: Select the gate to be positioned using the GATE
Step 1: Activate the POSITION Submenu.
SELECT function.
Step 2: Select the gate to be positioned using the GATE
Step 3: Select the TOF MODE function and choose be-
SELECT function.
WZHHQ)/$1.DQG3($.PHWKRGV
Step 3: Select the GATE THRESHOLD function and
1RWHWKDWWKHGHWHFWLRQPHWKRGFKRVHQZLOOEHUHHFWHG
DGMXVWWKHYHUWLFDOKHLJKWE\WXUQLQJWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE
by a small icon. This icon is displayed in the display box
Increasing and decreasing the value of the threshold
containing the measured reading, and in the options
moves the gate up and down, respectively.
offered in the READING 1 through 4 function boxes
(see )LJXUH5)
5.1.2 SelecWLQJWKH72)'HWHFWLRQ
Method 5.1.3 Setting Gate Alarms and Outputs
A-Scan signals crossing the A or B-Gate are evaluated An alarm can be set either or both of the gates. When
IRUWKHSXUSRVHVRIDZGHWHFWLRQDQGPDWHULDOWKLFNQHVV a gate alarm is activated, an indication light on the front
evaluation. When the signal crosses the A or B-Gate, of the instrument will illuminate and a signal can be
HLWKHU WKH JDWHFURVVLQJ SRLQW DQN RI WKH VLJQDO RU output.
WKHPD[LPXPSRLQWSHDNRIWKHVLJQDOLQWKHVSHFLF
gate) is used for evaluation purposes. The TOF MODE
function allows the user to specify which A-Scan feature
()/$1.RU3($.LVXVHGWRHYDOXDWHWKHVLJQDOLQHDFK
gate. See Figure 5-3.
Step 4: Select the X VALUE function and input the user- SBSound-Path distance or duration represented
determined X value for the probe. When desired, this by the highest echo to cross B-Gate
compensates for the distance from the BIP to the front of
SBASound-Path distance or duration from the
the probes wedge.
highest echo in A-Gate to the echo in B-Gate. Read-
ing is only available if B-Gate and A-Gate are on.
5.2.2 Indicating/HJZLWK&RORU
DAMaterial-thickness depth from the test-
7KH OHJ LQ ZKLFK D UHHFWRU LV HQFRXQWHUHG DV LGHQWL- piece surface (the probe-contacted side) to the
fied in Figure 5-4, can be visually indicated on the UHHFWRUUHSUHVHQWHGE\WKHHFKRLQ$*DWHVHH
instrument display using color. Setting the COLOR LEG Figure 5-4)
function (located in the TRIG submenu of the GATES PAProjection distance from the probes BIP to the
menu) to ON will cause each ultrasonic leg to be displayed UHHFWRUUHSUHVHQWHGE\WKHHFKRLQ$*DWHVHH
in a unique color. Figure 5-4)
5.3 Displaying Measured Results RAProjection distance from the probes BIP to the
UHHFWRUUHSUHVHQWHGE\WKHHFKRLQ$*DWHminus
The instrument is capable of displaying up to four the inputted X-VALUE. (see Figure 5-4)
measured readings at one time. The displayed read- A%cAAmplitude of the signal crossing the A-Gate
ings are selected using the RESULTS Submenu as a percentage of the corresponding DGS curve
located in the GATES Menu. Parameters available for amplitude.
display include the following (availability depends on
LQVWUXPHQWFRQJXUDWLRQDQGRSHUDWLQJPRGH dBcAdB equivalent height difference between the
signal crossing A-Gate and the corresponding DGS
A%AAmplitude (as a % of full-screen height) of curve height.
the highest echo falling within the width of A-Gate
(56(YDOXDWHVWKHUHHFWHGHFKR'*60RGH
A%BAmplitude (as a % of full-screen height) of DQGFDOFXODWHVWKH(TXLYDOHQW5HHFWRU6L]H
the highest echo falling within the width of B-Gate
GtDGS test gain, which initializes the DGS
Note that when S, D, P, or R readings are displayed, curves max height at 80% FSH.
the Gate-Detection Mode (5.1.2) setting for the refer-
enced gate (A or B) is indicated by a ^ (Peak Mode) GrDGS reference gain, which represents the
or a / (Flank Mode). instrument gain at which the reference echos peak
reaches 80% FSH.
SASound-Path distance or duration represented
by the highest echo to cross A-Gate 2))1RUHDGLQJZLOOEHGLVSOD\HGLQWKHUHDGLQJ
box.
The four measured readings can be displayed in any 5.4 Saving the Instrument
of the four small reading boxes at the top of the display ConJXration in a Data Set
screen. In addition, the result displayed in one of the
four small boxes can be shown in the large reading box Instrument settings can be stored as Data Sets. Those
(see Figure 5-5). Also note that when time or thickness functional settings that are saved within a data set are
readings are displayed, the detection method selected shown in Table 6.1. When a stored data set is later
for that gate is indicated with a ^UHSUHVHQWLQJ3($. recalled, all active functional settings are replaced with
or UHSUHVHQWLQJ)/$1.6HH5.1.2 to select detection those settings contained in the data set, and the stored
methods. A-Scan (if stored with data set) is displayed and frozen
on the display screen. Once a data set is recalled, the
NOTE: Under certain conditions, while TCG reference QHZO\DFWLYHIXQFWLRQDOVHWWLQJVPD\EHPRGLHG$Q\WLPH
points are being recorded, two measurement results that data set is recalled, the functional settings will be
ER[HVZLOOEHDXWRPDWLFDOO\VHWLIQRWDOUHDG\FRQJ- returned to their initially stored values. The operating
ured) to display SA and A%A values. These result SDUDPHWHUVRIDVWRUHGUHFDOOHGGDWDVHWFDQEHPRGLHG
selections will remain locked until the TCG recording by making the necessary changes after recalling, then
SURFHVVLVQLVKHG selecting STORE DATASET under the ACTION function
DQGDFWLYDWLQJWKHQFRQUPLQJWKHFKDQJHV
See Section 6.1.1WRFUHDWHDGDWDVHWOH
FIGURE 5-5The RESULTS submenu is used to specify which measured values to display.
5.5 /RFNLQJWKHGain Rotary Knob LQFOXGLQJ D XVHUVSHFLHG JDLQ VWHS NQRZQ DV 86(5
*$,167(37RLQSXWDXVHUVSHFLHGJDLQVWHS
The gain knob can be locked so that turning it has no ef- Step 1: Activate the PRF Submenu (located in the BASIC
fect on the instrument. Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will appear
Step 1: Continue pressing while observing that the down the left side of the display screen.
value of dB STEP (in the upper left-hand corner of the Step 2: Press next to the selection titled USER GAIN
display) changes to various gain increment values. When STEP.
WKHZRUG/2&.DSSHDUVDVWKHG%67(3YDOXHWKHJDLQ
knob is locked. Step 3: To set the USER GAIN STEP size, continue
pressing or turn the function knob.
Step 2: To unlock the knob, change the setting of dB STEP
WRVRPHYDOXHRWKHUWKDQ/2&.
5.7 FrHH]LQJWKH$6FDQ'LVSOD\
5.6 Setting the Gain Whenever an A-Scan is active, pressing the freeze
Instrument gain, which increases and decreases the key ( ) freezes the A-Scan display. The active A-Scan
height of a displayed A-Scan, is adjusted with the Gain will remain as it appeared when was pressed and the
.QRE7KHLQVWUXPHQWVJDLQFDQEHDGMXVWHGZKLOHLQDQ\ display will remain frozen until is pressed again.
menu location except when the dB STEP feature is set
WR/2&. While the display is frozen, the displayed readings are
based on the frozen echoes.
5.6.1 ChanginJWKH*DLQ$GMXVWPHQW
5.8 '$&7&*
Increment (G%67(3
Conventional measurements can be made using the Time
When adjusting the A-Scan gain, each click of the gain- Corrected Gain (TCG) and Distance Amplitude Correc-
adjustment knob increases or decreases the gain level by tion (DAC) functions (Figure 5-6). These functions are
a dB increment equal to the dB STEP. Several values can accessed through the TCG Submenu on the HOME Menu
EHVSHFLHGIRUG%67(3LQFOXGLQJDXVHUVSHFLHGJDLQ bar. Both the DAC and TCG functions operate based
step, known as the USER GAIN STEP, and a Gain knob on a set of user-recorded data points. These points are
DGMXVWPHQW/2&.ZKLFKSUHYHQWVDQ\JDLQDGMXVWPHQW recorded from the TCG menu as described below.
To select one of the existing dB STEP values:
7KH7&*IXQFWLRQGLVSOD\VUHHFWRUVRIHTXDOVL]HDWHTXDO
Step 1: Press . $6FDQDPSOLWXGHVUHJDUGOHVVRIWKHUHHFWRUVGHSWKLQ
Step 2: Note that the dB STEP (gain-adjustment incre- the test material. This is accomplished by adjusting the
ment) value, as labeled in Figure 4-4, changes as you gain at different locations in the A-scan display, corre-
continue to push . Available increments include: 0.2 sponding to different material depths, to compensate for
G%G%G%G%G%DXVHUGHQHG*DLQ6WHS signal loss (or variation) due to attenuation, beam spread,
LIRQHKDVEHHQGHQHGDQG/2&.7RVSHFLI\DXVHU or other factors. When TCG is activated, appears in the
GHQHGG%67(3YDOXHVHHWKHQH[WPDQXDOSURFHGXUH status bar near the top right-hand corner of the display.
1RWHWKDWVHWWLQJWKHG%67(3WR/2&.SUHYHQWVDGMXVW-
ment of the instrument gain. The DAC function displays all echoes at their true
amplitude (without depth compensation). However,
Step 3: Once a dB STEP value has been selected, each when operating in DAC mode, a Distance Amplitude
FOLFN RI WKH *DLQ .QRE ZLOO LQFUHDVH RU GHFUHDVH WKH Correction curve is superimposed on the A-Scan
instruments gain by the dB STEP increment. display. The original recorded curve is displayed in
the same color as the grid. The curve, like the one shown
5.6.2 SettiQJWKH8VHU'HQHGGain Step in Figure 5-6UHSUHVHQWVFRQVWDQWUHHFWRUVL]HDWYDU\LQJ
%$6,&35)86(5*$,167(3 material depth.
8VLQJDAC The dynamic range of the DAC function is 60 dB. Maxi-
mum curve slope is 12 dB per microsecond. Successive
When displayed, the DAC curve visually represents a line data points do not have to decrease in amplitude. That is,
RIFRQVWDQWUHHFWRUSHDNVRYHUDUDQJHRIPDWHULDOGHSWKV the DAC/TCG curve does not have to have a constantly
Remember that in DAC mode, the only deviation from descending slope.
traditional display and operation is the appearance of
the DAC curve. All A-Scan echoes are displayed at their 5.9.1 Recording the DAC Curve
non-compensated height. A DAC curve can be based on
up to 15 data points (material depths). DAC Curve points are recorded in exactly the same man-
ner as those points used to create the TCG reference.
A DAC curve is programmed using a series of same-
Points are typically taken from a standard with equally
UHHFWRU HFKRHV DW YDULRXV GHSWKV FRYHULQJ WKH UDQJH
VL]HGUHHFWRUVKROHVORFDWHGDWYDULRXVPDWHULDOGHSWKV
of depths to be inspected in the test material. Because
The primary echo from each of these points (for up to a
QHDUHOGDQGEHDPVSUHDGYDU\DFFRUGLQJWRWUDQVGXFHU
total of 15 echoes) are recorded. When DAC is active, the
size and frequency, and materials vary in attenuation and
instrument displays a curve that represents echo peaks
velocity, DAC must be programmed differently for differ-
IRU FRQVWDQW UHHFWRUV DW YDU\LQJ PDWHULDO GHSWK 2QO\
ent applications.
one DAC curve can be stored at a time. To program the
DAC Curve:
Step 1: With the TCG Menu accessed, select the SETUP Step 2: Press next to the POINT function until the
submenu. desired point number (or NEW if adding an new point)
appears.
Step 2: Press next to the TCG/DAC MODE function
until TCG appears ( will appear) Step 3: Press next to the POINT POS. function
to adjust (input for NEW points) the points horizontal
Step 3: Press next to the TCG DISPLAY function to
position
turn this feature ON or OFF.
Step 4: Press next to the POINT GAIN function to
NOTE: 7KH7&*&859(JUDSKLFDOO\UHSUHVHQWVWKH adjust (input for NEW points) the points applied gain
OHYHORIJDLQDSSOLHGDWHDFKRIWKHXVHULQSXWUHIHUHQFH (vertical position). Note that this adjustment applies re-
points. This compensating gain is represented by the gardless of whether the point is used for TCG reference
KHLJKW RI WKH 7&* FXUYH ZKLOH WKH PDWHULDO GHSWK RI or a DAC Curve.
each reference point is represented by its horizontal
Step 5: Press next to the ENTER function to input the
position on the display screen.
adjusted point values (or new points position). The DAC
Curve or TCG reference function will be adjusted to match
5.11 Editing DAC Curve and TCG this edited input.
Reference Points
5.12 Deleting a DAC Curve or TCG
After reference points are recorded, their values may be
manually adjusted, or new points may be manually input Reference Points
(as long as the total number does not exceed 15 points).
To delete a stored DAC curve or TCG reference points
To edit points or input additional points:
Step 1: With the TCG Menu activated, select the SETUP
Step 1: With the TCG Menu accessed, select the EDIT
submenu.
submenu.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 67
5. Making Conventional Measurements
Step 2: Press next to the DELETE CURVE function amplitude correction value
(see Figure 5-6).
probe
Step 3: Press next to the DELETE CURVE function a
The following probe parameters affect the curve shape:
second time. Then press WRFRQUP\RXUVHOHFWLRQ
element or crystal diameter
Step 4: The statement in the function box will change to
TCG/DAC MODE OFF. Irequency
delay length
5.13 DGS Measurement Mode delay velocity
The Instruments Distance Gain Sizing (DGS) feature is You can adjust these parameters on the instrument in
accessed through the DGS menu, which is located on such a way that you can use the DGS method with many
the HOME menu bar. The DGS feature allows the user different probes and on different materials.
WRXVHDSDUWLFXODUSUREHWRFRPSDUHDUHHFWRULQDWHVW
When the DGS function is in use, echoes from equally
SLHFHZLWKDNQRZQVWDQGDUGUHHFWRU
VL]HGUHHFWRUVORFDWHGDWYDU\LQJGHSWKVDSSHDUWROLH
The DGS feature relies on a reference curve based on along the DGS Reference Curve. When operating in
a recorded reference point. The procedure for record- DGS mode, the DGS Reference Curve appears on the
ing a reference point using the DGS Menu is described display screen. Before using the DGS function, do the
below. following:
Using the DGS function (Distance Gain Size), you can &DOLEUDWHWKHLQVWUXPHQWSUREHFRPELQDWLRQ
FRPSDUHWKHUHHFWLQJSRZHURIDQDWXUDODZLQWKHWHVW
0DNHDOOUHTXLUHGLQVWUXPHQWVHWWLQJVUHODWHGWRWKH
REMHFWZLWKWKDWRIDWKHRUHWLFDODZFLUFXODUGLVNVKDSHG
pulser, receiver, and material-velocity settings.
HTXLYDOHQWUHHFWRUDWWKHVDPHGHSWK
The instrument will prevent changes to certain settings
Attention:
after the DGS Reference Echo has been recorded and
<RXDUHFRPSDULQJWKHUHHFWLQJSRZHURIDQDWXUDODZ DGS is turned ON.
ZLWK WKDW RI D WKHRUHWLFDO DZ 1R GHQLWH FRQFOXVLRQV
PD\EHGUDZQRQWKHQDWXUDODZURXJKQHVVLQFOLQHG 5.13.1 Specifying a Probe and Preparing
position, etc.). to Record the Reference Echo
The so-called DGS diagram forms the basis for this com-
SDULVRQRIWKHUHHFWLQJSRZHU7KLVGLDJUDPFRQVLVWVRID %HIRUHXVLQJWKH'*6IHDWXUHWRHYDOXDWHUHHFWRUVLQWHVW
VHWRIFXUYHVVKRZLQJWKHFRQQHFWLRQRIWKUHHLQXHQFLQJ pieces, the characteristics of the attached probe must be
variables: VSHFLHGFHUWDLQFKDUDFWHULVWLFVRIWKHUHIHUHQFHVWDQGDUG
must be input, and a reference echo must be stored. To
Distance D between the probe and circular disk- specify the probe characteristics:
VKDSHGHTXLYDOHQWUHHFWRU
Difference in gain G between various large circular Step 1: Press below the DGS selection on the HOME
GLVNVKDSHGHTXLYDOHQWUHHFWRUVDQGDQLQQLWHO\ menu bar.
large backwall Step 2: Select the SETUP submenu, then the PROBE
Size S of the circular disk-shaped equivalent re- # function. Once activated, this function allows you to
HFWRU7KHLQXHQFLQJYDULDEOH6DOZD\VUHPDLQV choose from the list of probe types in Table 5-1. These
constant for one curve of the set of curves are probes for which probe characteristics are already
input in the instrument, with the exception of the user-
The advantage of the DGS method lies in the fact that you GHQHGSUREH352%(
can carry out reproducible evaluations of small discon-
tinuities. The reproducibility is most of all important, for Step 3:,I WKH XVHUGHQHG SUREH W\SH 352%( LV
example, whenever you aim to carry out an acceptance selected, you can then select the PROBE NAME func-
test. tion. Then use the Gain and Function knobs (the Gain
knob changes location within the name, the Function
$SDUWIURPWKHLQXHQFLQJYDULDEOHVDOUHDG\PHQWLRQHG knob changes the character value) to input a new name.
there are other factors determining the curve shape: Note that selecting any PROBE # value other than 0 will
sound attenuation prevent you from modifying the PROBE NAME or any of
the other settings described in Step 4.
transfer losses
FIGURE 5-8Recording a DGS reference point from which a DGS Curve will be generated.
Step 2: Couple the probe to the known standard, REF ATTEN (found in the REF CORR submenu) Spec-
FDSWXUHWKHUHIHUHQFHDZVRWKDWLWVUHHFWHGHFKRLV ify a sound attenuation value (in dB per inch or mm of
displayed on the instruments A-Scan, and adjust the material thickness) for the material from which the known
A-Gates starting point to ensure that the resulting echo standard is made.
triggers the gate.
$03/ &255(&7 (found in the REF CORR sub-
Step 3: $GMXVW WKH JDLQ NQRE XQWLO WKH UHIHUHQFH DZV menu) Correction required when using an angle-beam
A-Scan peak measures 80% of FSH (A%A = 80%). W\SHSUREH7KLVYDOXHLVVSHFLHGRQWKHSUREHVGDWD
Step 4: With the probe coupled to the standard, and the sheet.
UHIHUHQFHDZVHFKRFDSWXUHGE\WKH$*DWHSUHVV
next to the RECORD REF function to store a DGS refer- 5.13.3 Display and Adjust the DGS Curve
ence echo.
Once a reference echo has been recorded, the DGS
NOTE: When a DGS reference echo is stored, the curve is displayed simply by selecting the SETUP sub-
will appear in the displays status bar (upper left corner). menu in the DGS menu, then setting the DGS MODE
Note that only one DGS reference echo can be stored function to ON (Figure 5-9). Note that switching this
at a time. To delete the currently stored reference, ac- value to OFF does not delete the curve it simply
cess the REF CORR submenu, select DELETE REF, removes the curve from the display and disables the
and follow the on-screen prompts. DGS mode. Once the DGS Curve is displayed, it can be
adjusted using one of these three functions:
NOTE: When a DGS reference echo is stored, two TEST ATTEN (found in the MAT ATTN submenu) Spec-
measurement result boxes will be automatically ify a sound attenuation value (in dB per inch or mm of
VHW LI QRW DOUHDG\ FRQJXUHG WR GLVSOD\ 6$ DQG material thickness) for the material from which the test
A%A values. piece is made.
These two adjustments should be made prior to re- TRANSFER CORR. (found in the MAT ATTN submenu)
cording a reference echo. Changing these values after dB compensation for difference in coupling conditions
the DGS curve is generated will cause the curve to be between the known standard and the test piece. Setting
deleted. this to values other than zero will cause a T to be added
to the DGS Icon.
Instrument settings can be stored as data sets. Most 6.1 Data Set Files
functional settings are saved within a data set. When a
stored data set is later recalled, all active function set- 'DWD VHW OHV DUH XVHG WR VWRUH D VSHFLF LQVWUXPHQW
WLQJV ZLOO EH PRGLHG WR PDWFK WKRVH FRQWDLQHG LQ WKH VHWXS FRQJXUDWLRQ ,QVWUXPHQW VHWWLQJV DQG WKH DFWLYH
data set. The FILES Menu is used to create, recall, and $6FDQSUHVHQWZKHQWKHGDWDVHWOHLVFUHDWHGFDQEH
delete data sets. VWRUHG LQ WKH OHTable 6-1 lists all settings saved in a
In this chapter, youll learn how to work with all FILES GDWDVHWOH:KHQWKHGDWDVHWOHLVUHFDOOHGDOOLQVWUX-
Menu functions including: PHQWVHWWLQJVDUHPRGLHGWRPDWFKWKHVHWWLQJVVWRUHG
LQWKHGDWDVHWOH
&5($7(DQGQDPHQHZGDWDVHWOHV
(Section 6.1.1) NOTE: Data sets stored on an SD card will include a
6$9((',76WRH[LVWLQJGDWDVHWVSection 6.1.2) frozen display image and related A-Scans. Data sets
stored in the instruments internal memory, will not in-
5(&$//H[LVWLQJGDWDVHWVSection 6.2) clude these images. When the data set is recalled, the
'HOHWH&/($5H[LVWLQJGDWDVHWVSection 6.3) stored (frozen) image will be displayed and its related
A-Scans evaluated until the display is unfrozen.
&UHDWHDQGDWWDFKD0(02WRDGDWDVHW
(Section 6.4) NOTE: Phased Array and conventional files are
,QSXW5(3257+($'(5LQIRUPDWLRQSection 6.6) differentiated by their extensions (.pop and .cop
respectively).
6SHFLI\5(3257FRQWHQWVDQGJHQHUDWHUHSRUWV
(Section 6.6) Once a data set file is opened, instrument set-
tings may be modified from their data-set-file con-
&RQJXUHWKHLQVWUXPHQWWRRXWSXWGDWDYLDWKH56 figurations. However, these changes will only
232 serial port (Section 6.7) affect the data set if additional actions are taken to
do so as described in Section 6.1.2. Otherwise, the
RULJLQDOOHVWUXFWXUHZLOOUHPDLQDVVDYHG
FIGURE 6-1The Files Menu allows access to all data set and output functions.
7DEOH
Conventional Dataset File Settings Phased Array Dataset File Settings
Gain Reading 3 Header In report Analog Gain Aperture Size Gate B TOF Mode
User Gain Step Reading 4 Memo in report Digital Gain Aperture Step Gate B Logic
Range Large Reading Parameters in report Gain Step Angle Corrected Gate B Display
Probe Delay Probe Angle Image in report Angle Start Ascan Mode TCG Points/Data
Velocity Trig Material Thickness Angle Stop Image Color Palet File Header Text
Display Delay Trig X Value Material Thickness A-Scan Color File Memo Text
Pulser Voltage Color Leg Leg Video Reverse Header In report
Pulser Energy DAC/TCG Points Probe Part Number Color Scheme Memo in report
Pulser Damping DAC/TCG Mode Probe Serial Number Color Leg Parameters in report
Receiver Filter DAC/TCG Display Probe Frequency Reading 1 Image in report
5HFWLFDWLRQ Auto Call Reference Thickness Number of Elements Reading 2 Measurement Units
Dual Mode DGS Mode Pitch Reading 3
Reject DGS Curve Wedge Part Number Reading 4
PRF Mode DGS Reference Wedge Serial Number Large Reading
PRF Frequency DGS Probe Wedge Elem 1 Position TTL #1
Grid Pattern DGS Probe Frequency Wedge Velocity Display Delay
A-Scan Color DGS Probe Diameter Wedge Front Pulser Voltage
Measurement Units DGS Probe Del. Velocity Wedge Offset Z Pulser Width
Gate A Start DGS Ref. Type Wedge Angle PRF Value
Gate A Width DGS Ref. Size Probe Delay Receiver Filter
Gate A Threshold DGS Ref. Attenuation Origin Offset $VFDQ5HFWLFDWLRQ
Gate A TOF Mode DGS Ref. Amplitude Correction Velocity L Gate A Start
Gate A Logic DGS Material Attenuation Velocity S Gate A Width
Gate B Start DGS Transfer Correction Material Gate A Threshold
Gate B Width DGS Offset 1 Scan Type Gate A TOF Mode
Gate B Threshold DGS Offset 2 Focal Point Gate A Logic
Gate B TOF Mode DGS Offset 3 Wave Type Gate A Display
Gate B Logic DGS Offset 4 Angle Step Gate B Start
Reading 1 File Header Text Number of Steps Gate B Width
Reading 2 File Memo Text First Element Gate B Threshold
6.1.1 Creating Data Set Files DIALOG PROBE (Phased Array only) Abbreviated
data sets can be stored in connected phased-array
7RVWRUHLQVWUXPHQWVHWWLQJVLQDQHZGDWDVHWOHIROORZ dialog probes.
this procedure
Step 5: With the desired data set name input, press
Step 1: Activate the FILES MENU. next to ENTER to complete the data set creation process.
Step 2: Press next to ACTION until STORE DATA- The instruments settings have been saved in the data
SET appears. set.
Step 3: Press twice next to FILENAME. Use the two NOTE: Pressing and holding for three seconds
knobs and the instruments text-entry feature to input the causes a dataset to be stored or a report to be gener-
data sets name (as shown in Figure 6-2). Note that an DWHGEDVHGRQWKH$&7,21VSHFLHGLQWKH),/(1$0(
underscore character is not available and can therefore Submenu. This is a shortcut method of storing a dataset
notEHLQFOXGHGLQGDWDVHWOHQDPHV or generating a report. The stored dataset will be as-
Step 4: Press next to SOURCE/DEST until the desired signed the name entered in the FILENAME function.
OHVDYLQJGHVWLQDWLRQDSSHDUV&KRLFHVLQFOXGH This default name will increment by 1 the next time a
new dataset is created (i.e., after the dataset name
INT MEMORY A limited number of data sets can 7$1.$) LV HQWHUHG WKH QH[W GDWDVHW QDPH ZLOO EH
be stored in the instrument, however these data DXWRPDWLFDOO\ QDPHG 7$1.$) ZKHQ %)5((=(
sets will not include a stored image or related is pressed and held unless another name is entered.
A-Scans. This auto-appending naming feature also applies to
6'&$5'Primary destination for data sets, which reports.
will include a frozen display image and related
A-Scans.
FIGURE 6-2The7H[W(QWU\GLVSOD\DOORZVTXLFNHQWHULQJRUHGLWLQJRIOHQDPHVDQGRWKHUDOSKDQXPHULFODEHOV
6.1.2 Editing Active Files Step 4: Press next to FILENAME. Turn the func-
tion knob to list the data sets stored in the designated
Parameter settings stored in an existing data set can be
location.
HGLWHGDQ\WLPHWKHOHLVDFWLYH7RVDYHWKHVHHGLWVWR
DQ\DFWLYHOHGRWKHIROORZLQJ Step 5: With the desired data set name visible, press
next to ENTER to complete the data set recall process.
Step 1: Recall the dataset and make all edits desired
7KHLQVWUXPHQWVVHWWLQJVKDYHEHHQPRGLHGWRPDWFK
Step 2: Set the ACTION function (in the FILENAME WKRVHVSHFLHGE\WKHUHFDOOHGGDWDVHW,IWKHGDWDVHW
submenu) to STORE DATASET. was stored on an SD card, the frozen image will now be
displayed.
Step 3: Press next to ENTER, then follow the
on-screen instructions to make the edits to this file
NOTE: Data sets stored on an SD card will include a
permanent.
frozen display image and related A-Scans. Data sets
stored in the instruments internal memory, will not in-
6.2 Recalling Existing Data Sets clude these images. When the data set is recalled, the
stored (frozen) image will be displayed and its related
$FFHVVLQJDQH[LVWLQJGDWDVHWOHUHVHWVWKHFXUUHQWLQ- A-Scans evaluated until the display is unfrozen.
VWUXPHQWVHWWLQJWRWKHVWRUHGGDWDVHWOHVHWWLQJV
7RDFFHVVDQH[LVWLQJOH 6.3 DeletiQJ&/($5,1*([LVWLQJ
Step 1: Activate the FILENAME submenu (in the FILES
Data Sets
menu). ([LVWLQJGDWDOHVDUHGHOHWHGXVLQJWKLVSURFHGXUH
Step 2: Press next to SOURCE/DEST until the loca- Step 1: Activate the FILENAME submenu (in the FILES
tion of the desired data set appears. menu).
Step 3: Press next to ACTION until RECALL DATA- Step 2: Press next to SOURCE/DEST until the loca-
SET appears. tion of the desired data set appears
Page 74 PHASOR XS Operating Manual
6. Storing Data Sets and Generating Reports
Step 1: Activate the MEMO Submenu (in the FILES 6.6 Generating a Report
menu).
Step 2: Press to set the EDIT function to YES. This Any report can be generated and stored on the SD
allows you to create or edit a memo. card. The contents of a report are specified by the
XVHU 6HYHUDO IHDWXUHV RI WKH DFWLYH GDWD OH FDQ EH
Step 3: Note that the top of the display screen contains omitted from or included in the report as described
DYHOLQHPHPR7KHUVWFKDUDFWHURIWKHPHPRLVQRZ below. Prior to creating a report for output, install the SD
highlighted. Use the two knobs and the instruments text- card.
entry feature to input or edit the memos contents (as
shown in Figure 6-2). Report Header (FILE / HEADER / HDR IN
REPORT)
Including a Files Memo as Part of a Report 0HPR (FILE / MEMO / MEMO IN REPORT)
You can specify whether the memo attached to the ac- $6FDQ (FILE / REPORT / IMAGE IN REPORT)
WLYHGDWDOHLVLQFOXGHGLQDUHSRUW7RDGGRUUHPRYHDQ /LVWLQJRI'DWD6HW6WRUHG,QVWUXPHQW6HWWLQJV
DFWLYHOHVPHPRIURPWKHVWRUHGUHSRUW (FILE / REPORT / PARAM IN REPORT)
Step 1: Activate the MEMO Submenu (in the FILES With the SD card installed and the desired data set
menu). active, to store a report you must:
Step 2: Press next to the MEMO IN REPORT func- Step 1: Activate the FILENAME Submenu (located in the
tion. Choosing a value of YES indicates that the memo FILES Menus) and press to set the ACTION Function
should be included in part of the report. Choosing NO to STORE REPORT.
omits the memo from the report.
Step 2: Be sure that the SOURCE/DEST Function in the
active submenu is set to SD CARD.
6.5 Creating a Report Header
Step 3: Press and hold for three seconds to generate
5HSRUW+HDGHUVDUHDWWDFKHGWRGDWDVHWOHVDWWKHWLPH a report. Reports can only be stored on the SD card.
WKH OHV DUH VWRUHG$IWHU D OH LV VWRUHG WKH DWWDFKHG
Report Header may be edited. To create or edit a Report NOTE: The newly created report name automatically
Header: becomes the default report name. This default name
will increment by 1 the next time a new report is cre-
Step 1: Activate the HEADER Submenu (in the FILES
DWHGLHDIWHUWKHUHSRUWQDPH7$1.$)LVHQWHUHG
menu).
WKHQH[WGHIDXOWUHSRUWQDPHZLOOEH7$1.$)7KLV
Step 2: Press to access and set the EDIT function to feature functions only when the generated reports
YES. This allows you to create or edit a Header. destination is the SD CARD.
7HFKQLFDO6SHFLFDWLRQV
3K\VLFDO6SHFLFDWLRQV
3KDVHG$UUD\&RQYHQWLRQDO&KDQQHO6SHFLFDWLRQV
3HU0LO6WG)
Cold Storage -20C for 72 hrs, 502.4
Procedure I
Cold Operation 0C for 16 hrs, 502.4
Procedure II
Heat Storage +70C for 48 hrs, 501.4
Procedure I
Heat Operation +50C for 16 hrs, 501.4
Procedure II
Damp Heat / Humidity 10 Cycles:
(storage) 10hrs at +65C down to
+30C, 10 hrs at +30C up to
+65C, Transition within 2 hrs,
507.4
Temperature Shock 3 Cycles:
4 hrs at 20C up to +70C,
4 hrs at +70C, Transitions
within 5 mins. 503.4
Procedure II
Vibration 514.5-5 Procedure I, Annex
C, Figure 6,
General exposure: 1hr each
axis
Shock 6 cycles each axis, 15g, 11ms
half sine, 516.5 Procedure I
Loose Cargo 514.5 Procedure II
Transit Drop 516.5 Procedure IV, 26 drops
(packaged for shipment)
IP54 / IEC529 Dust Proof / dripping water proof as per IEC
VSHFLFDWLRQVIRU,3FODVVLFDWLRQ
Element Cable
Product Frequency
Aperture Elevation Pitch /HQJWK
Code 0+] Count
mm2 inch2 mm inch mm inch m ft
L8U84 2 8 8x9 .31 x .35 9 .35 1 .039 2 6.5
L8U96 4 16 8x9 .31 x .35 9 .35 0.5 .020 2 6.5
EUN75 5 32 16 x 10 .63 x .39 10 .39 0.5 .020 2 6.5
/+. 5 16 16 x 10 .63 x .39 10 .39 1 .039 2 6.5
/.2 2.25 16 16 x 13 .63 x .51 13 .51 1 .039 2 6.5
L99LQ 2.25 16 24 x 19 .94 x .75 19 .75 1.5 .059 2 6.5
L99JM 5 64 64 x 10 .2.5 x .39 10 .39 1 .039 2 6.5
GE Inspection Technologies: productivity through inspection solutions GE Inspection Technologies provides technology-driven inspection solutions that
deliver productivity, quality and safety. We design, manufacture and service Ultrasonic, Remote Visual, Radiographic and Eddy Current equipment and
systems. Offering specialized solutions that will help you improve productivity in your applications in the Aerospace, Power Generation, Oil & Gas, Automo-
tive or Metals Industry. Contact your GE Inspection Technologies representative or visit www.ge.com/inspectiontechnologies for more information.
:RUNLQJLQ7239LHZ2SWLRQDO)HDWXUH
The TOP View display option allows for continuous 3UHSDULQJIRU7239LHZ2SHUDWLRQ
scanning in TIMED mode with a phased-array probe or
ENCODED scanning during a memory-limited session The TOP View display option allows for continuous
with the use of an encoder-equipped probe. The TOP scanning with a phased-array probe or scanning during
9LHZGLVSOD\UHSUHVHQWVWKHSURMHFWLRQRIUHHFWRUVIURP a memory-limited session with the use of an encoder-
a region of interest from A- and B-Gate onto a viewable equipped probe. The TOP View display is generated with
plane. data collected from the A- and B-gated region of a sector
A TOP View display (initiated by setting the VIEW MODE or linear scan.
Function in the VIEW Submenu to TOP) is generated with
data collected from the A- and B-Gated region of a sec- 6HWWLQJ8SWKH3KDVHG$UUD\3ULRU
tor or linear scan. A frozen TOP View display provides WR'LVSOD\LQJD7239LHZ
DFFHVVWREXIIHUHGGDWDIRUERWKWLPHRILJKW72)DQG
echo amplitude. TOF and percent amplitude values are Prior to displaying a TOP View, the standard phased ar-
represented in the TOP View image by user-selectable ray views (designated as FRAME view) setup must be
color palettes. The buffered TOP View data (TOF and performed (Refer to Chapter 2). TOP View displays can
amplitude data from gates A and B) can be stored as be generated from either type of standard phased array
part of a data set. scan (linear or sector). It is important to recognize that
the TOP View image is based only on amplitude and TOF
NOTE: During the scanning process, TOP View data is data recorded in Gates A and B. Further, when a data set
added to the instruments buffer. The buffer serves only is stored while operating in TOP View mode, amplitude
as temporary memory. To retain the data held in the and TOF data from A- and B-Gates (acquired and added
buffer, it MUST be stored to a data set. Note that once to the data buffer) is stored, however A-Scans and other
the buffer is full, buffered data is automatically overwrit- results are not available.
ten in TIMED mode. In ENCODED mode, a full data
To prepare for generating a TOP View display:
buffer automatically stops the scanning process.
Step 1: Be sure that the VIEW MODE Function (located
This chapter explains how to prepare for and operate in
in the VIEW Submenu of the DISPLAY Menu) is set to
723 9LHZ PRGH ZKLFK UVW UHTXLUHV WKDW WKLV optional
FRAME. This corresponds to standard phased array
feature be installed in your instrument. It includes instruc-
operation.
tion on how to:
Step 2: Set up either a linear or sector scan to match
&RQJXUHWKHVWDQGDUGSKDVHGDUUD\GHVLJQDWHG
the installed probe, material type, and inspection
FRAME view) settings to provide the desired TOP
requirements as described in Chapter 2. Calibrate the
View display (Section 8.1.1)
instrument/probe combination.
6HWXSIRU7239LHZGXULQJDFRQWLQXRXVVFDQ
Step 3: Adjust the A- and/or B-Gate starting point
(see TIMED mode in Section 8.1.2)
and width to capture the test-material region of interest
6HWXSIRU7239LHZGXULQJDQHQFRGHUGULYHQVFDQ (Figure 8-1). Refer to Section 2.8.1 to position gates.
(Section 8.1.3)
Step 4: $FFHVVDQGDGMXVW7239LHZVSHFLFIXQFWLRQV
$FTXLUH7239LHZGDWDGXULQJDFRQWLQXRXVRU as described below.
encoder-driven scan (Section 8.2)
NOTE: The TOP View image is based on amplitude
)UHH]HWKH7239LHZGLVSOD\DQGQDYLJDWHWKURXJK
and TOF data recorded in Gates A and B. These gate(s)
the buffered data (Section 8.3)
must be turned on and positioned to capture the test-
6WRUHWKH7239LHZGDWDLQDGDWDVHWSection 8.4) material range of interest.
&RQGXFWDW\SLFDO(1&2'('GDWDDFTXLVLWLRQ
session by following an application summary
(Section 8.5)
FIGURE 8-1The A- and/or B-Gated regions in a sector or linear scan provide the data sources from which the TOP
View display is generated.
),*85(0DNHWKHVHVHWWLQJVIRU7,0('7239LHZRSHUDWLRQ0RVW7239LHZVSHFLFVHWWLQJVDUHDFFHVVHGIURP
the CLOCK, VIEW, and IMAGE Submenus.
6$7LPHRILJKWGXUDWLRQWR$*DWHWULJJHULQJ
Step 6: Press to activate and set the AMP COLOR echoes
PALETTE in the IMAGE Submenu (located in the DIS-
PLAY Menu). Select one of the four standard palettes 6%7LPHRILJKWGXUDWLRQWR%*DWHWULJJHULQJ
to represent with various color scales the amplitude of echoes
echoes captured in A- or B-Gate. Alternatively, select Step 9: Press to activate TOP View by setting the
CUSTOM to choose the user inputted, remotely gener- VIEW MODE Function in the VIEW Submenu (located
ated, customized color palette. in the DISPLAY Menu) to TOP. The instrument will im-
Step 7: Press to activate and set the TOF COLOR PHGLDWHO\EHJLQDFTXLULQJGDWDDQGOOLQJWKH7239LHZ
PALETTE in the IMAGE Submenu (located in the DIS- display.
PLAY Menu). Select one of the four standard palettes
WR UHSUHVHQW ZLWK YDULRXV FRORU VFDOHV WKH WLPHRILJKW 6HWWLQJ8S7239LHZIRU(1&2'('
measurement to the A- or B-Gate triggering echo. Alter- Operation
natively, select CUSTOM to choose the user inputted,
remotely generated, customized color palette.
NOTE: During TIMED TOP View operation, all func-
Step 8: Press to activate and set the DATA SOURCE tions can be accessed and changed. However, during
Function in the VIEW Submenu (located in the DISPLAY ENCODED acquisition, most functions are blocked
Menu). Select from four types of gated data to represent from change. Therefore, most instrument settings that
in the TOP View including: DUHVSHFLFWR7239LHZPXVWEHDGMXVWHGLQ7,0('
$03$$PSOLWXGHRIHFKRHVFDSWXUHGLQWKH mode prior to switching to ENCODED mode.
A-Gate
$03%$PSOLWXGHRIHFKRHVFDSWXUHGLQWKH
B-Gate
PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 85
8. Working in TOP View (Optional Feature)
In ENCODED operation (designated this because the Step 3: Press to activate and set the AMP COLOR
probe operates in tandem with a single-axis quadrature PALETTE in the IMAGE Submenu (located in the DIS-
encoder), the instrument acquires scan data whenever PLAY Menu). Select one of the four standard palettes
the encoder wheel is turning. The calculated DISPLAY to represent with various color scales the amplitude of
/(1*7+OLVWHGRQWKHVFUHHQZKHQWKH&/2&.6XEPHQX echoes captured in A- or B-Gate. Alternatively, select
is activated) represents the approximate linear distance CUSTOM to choose the user inputted, remotely gener-
over which the probe can acquire data that is then rep- ated, customized color palette.
resented on the TOP View display screen at one time.
Step 4: Press to activate and set the TOF COLOR
$IWHUWKHVFUHHQOOVZLWKGDWDDQGGDWDFRQWLQXHVWREH
PALETTE in the IMAGE Submenu (located in the DIS-
acquired, the oldest data is added to the instruments data
PLAY Menu). Select one of the four standard palettes
buffer until the operator stops the process or the buffer
WR UHSUHVHQW ZLWK YDULRXV FRORU VFDOHV WKH WLPHRILJKW
is full. This on-screen and buffered data is immediately
measurement to the A- or B-Gate triggering echo. Alter-
viewable and can be stored to a data set.
natively, select CUSTOM to choose the user inputted,
remotely generated, customized color palette.
NOTE: The TOP View quadrature encoder controls
the collection of TOP View data in two ways. First, data Step 5: Press to activate and set the DATA SOURCE
is only collected while the encoder wheel is turning Function in the VIEW Submenu (located in the DISPLAY
(i.e.: while the probe is moving over the test piece). Menu). Select from four types of gated data to represent
Second, the encoder allows data to be overwritten in the TOP View including:
when its direction of travel is reversed. For instance,
$
03$$PSOLWXGHRIHFKRHVFDSWXUHGLQWKH
moving the probe and encoder forward over a distance
A-Gate
of 10 cm, then reversing the probes movement by 2
cm, will cause the last 2 cm of forward-moving data $
03%$PSOLWXGHRIHFKRHVFDSWXUHGLQWKH
to be replaced by the 2 cm of reverse-moving TOP B-Gate
View data.
6
$7LPHRILJKWGXUDWLRQWR$*DWHWULJJHULQJ
Refer to Figure 8-3DQGIROORZWKHVHVWHSVWRFRQJXUH echoes
the instrument for TOP View operation in ENCODED
6
%7LPHRILJKWGXUDWLRQWR%*DWHWULJJHULQJ
mode. The resulting TOP View operation is shown in
echoes
Figure 8-5.
Step 6: $FWLYDWH WKH &/2&. 6XEPHQX ORFDWHG LQ WKH
NOTE: While scanning in ENCODED mode, TOP SCAN Menu) by pressing below it.
9LHZGDWDLVUVWDGGHGWRWKHGLVSOD\VFUHHQ:KHQ
Step 7: Press WR VHW WKH &/2&. )XQFWLRQ WR
the screen is full, the initial data scrolls into the
ENCODED. Input the operating characteristic (inches or
LQVWUXPHQWVGDWDEXIIHU6FUROOLQJGLUHFWLRQLVGHQHGLQ
mm per encoder tick) of the attached encoder using the
Step 5. When the buffer is full the scanning process
ENCODER Function.
automatically stops, requiring the operator to take
action before the buffer is overwritten. At any time, the Step 8: Press DQGWXUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QREWRVHWWKH
TOP View scanning process can be stopped, allowing SAMPLE INTERVL (in mm or inches). This equates to the
on-screen and buffered data to be stored in a data set distance traveled by the probes encoder wheel between
(Section 8.4). lines of acquired data.
Step 1: Press to activate the VIEW MODE Function Step 9: Note that the calculated value of DISPLAY
in the VIEW Submenu (located in the DISPLAY Menu). LENGTH automatically updates. This represents the ap-
Set its value to FRAME. proximate linear distance over which an encoded scan can
be acquired and represented on the TOP View display at
Step 2: Press to activate and set the NEW DATA
the same time. While scanning a test piece, stopping the
Function in the IMAGE Submenu (located in the DISPLAY
display (Section 8.3) allows the operator to scroll back
Menu). The selection sets the screen location (LEFT,
through the acquired TOP View data.
RIGHT, TOP, or BOTTOM) at which newly acquired TOP
VIEW data is added to the display screen. This function Step 10: Press to activate TOP View by setting the
controls the display screen scrolling direction. VIEW MODE Function to TOP.
),*85(0DNHWKHVHVHWWLQJVIRU7239LHZRSHUDWLRQZLWKDQHQFRGHU0RVW7239LHZVSHFLFVHWWLQJVDUH
accessed from the CLOCK, VIEW, and IMAGE Submenus.
Whether in TIMED or ENCODED operating mode, the After the instrument is configured as described in
TOP View feature allows the user to acquire data over a Sections 8.1.1 and 8.1.2, the TOP View display is im-
period of time while scanning an area of interest. One of mediately active when the VIEW MODE Function (in the
IRXUGDWDYLHZLQJRSWLRQVLGHQWLHGDV'$7$6285&(V VIEW Submenu) is set to TOP. TIMED operation is shown
in the VIEW Menu) is displayed as it is acquired. The re- in Figure 8-4.
maining DATA SOURCEs are automatically added to the
instruments data buffer from which they can be retrieved NOTE: While scanning in TIMED mode TOP View
and viewed at any time (during TIMED mode) or when the GDWDLVUVWDGGHGWRWKHGLVSOD\VFUHHQZKLFKFRQ-
instrument is STOPped (Section 8.3) in ENCODED mode. tains approximately the duration of data listed in the
:KLOHDFTXLULQJ7239LHZGDWDWKH.12%(08/$725 DISPLAY LENGTH Function box. When the screen is
7239LHZ&RQWURO0HQXLGHQWLHGLQFigure 8-5) includes full the initial data scrolls into the instruments data
controls that affect the scanning process, however only buffer. :KHQWKHEXIIHULVIXOODFTXLULQJQHZGDWD
the STOP operation is enabled while acquiring data in automatically causes the oldest data in the buffer
ENCODED mode. to be overwritten. At any time, the TOP View scan-
ning process can be stopped, allowing on-screen and
NOTE: During TIMED TOP View operation, all func- buffered data to be stored in a data set (Section 8.4).
tions can be accessed and changed. However, during Storing data in a data set or generating a report clears
ENCODED acquisition, most functions are blocked the data buffer. Therefore, if immediate data analysis
from change. Therefore, most instrument settings that LVGHVLUHGWKLVVKRXOGEHSHUIRUPHGEHIRUHWKHOH$&-
DUHVSHFLFWR7239LHZPXVWEHDGMXVWHGLQ7,0(' TION is taken. Alternatively, the stored data set can
mode prior to switching to ENCODED mode. later be RECALLed to allow for analysis.
),*85(7239LHZGLVSOD\GDWDLQWKLVFDVHDFTXLUHGLQ7,0('PRGHUHSUHVHQWVWKHSURMHFWLRQRIUHHFWRUVIURP
DUHJLRQRILQWHUHVWGHQHGE\WKH$RU%*DWHRQWRDYLHZDEOHSODQH7KH7239LHZGLVSOD\VGHWDLOHGRQVFUHHQ
JUDWLFXOHDQGVFDOHDLGVLQGHWHUPLQLQJDUHHFWRUVVL]HDQGGHSWKZLWKLQWKHWHVWSLHFH
),*85(7239LHZGDWDDFTXLUHGLQ(1&2'('PRGHFDQEHYLHZHGDVDQDPSOLWXGHRUVRXQGSDWKGLVWDQFHWR
trigger (TOF) in A- or B-Gate. If desired to use the PEAK feature in ENCODED mode, the ASCAN MODE Function must
UVWEHVHWWR3($.LQWKH7,0('DFTXLVLWLRQPRGHEHIRUHVHWWLQJWKH&/2&.)XQFWLRQWR(1&2'('
With the Interface GATE display switched to ON, A- and variations described effect this Phased Array delay law
B-Gates starting positions are automatically based on calculation, for both angle steering and focal depth. Delay
the occurrence of an IF-Gate triggering. This occurrence law calculations are based on an assumed Z distance
becomes the zero point from which A- and B-Gate starting (Section 2.3.3).
values are measured (Figure 8-6).
NOTE: When operating in TOP View mode with the
For example if A-Gates START is set to 1 inch, the gate
IF-Gate turned on, a loss of the interface signal will
will start the equivalent of 1 inch from the IF-Gate trigger
prevent the the offending beam from recording data
for each BEAM. If the probe-to-part distance changes, the
to the TOP View. Instead, the operator is alerted to
A-Gate START point will automatically adjust accordingly.
the condition with the application of a special IF LOSS
In addition, this adjustment will take place independently
color to the TOP VIEW Image.
for each beam. This positions the A-Gate, in this case,
DWD[HGGLVWDQFHIURPWKHVRXQGHQWU\VXUIDFHLQWKH
NOTE: Turing ON the IF-Gate also impacts control of
test piece, insuring the desired material depth is being
the DISPLAY START function. Refer to Section 2.6.3
evaluated.
WRGHQHWKHGLVSOD\VVWDUWLQJSRLQWZLWKDQGZLWKRXW
IF loss can occur from loss of coupling, or when the dis- the IF Gate on.
tance from the probe to the part exceeds an acceptable
Additionally, there is a DISPLAY START control related to
limit. Limits are established to insure the phased array
the IF GATE. The choices are IF, IP and MATERIAL.
delay law calculations remain valid for the beam. The
FIGURE 8-6
UHH]LQJWKH'LVSOD\DQG1DYLJDWLQJ
) Step 1: With TOP View operating and the TOP
'DWDLQ7239LHZ View Control Menu displayed (Figure 8-7), press
below STOP to freeze the TOP View display (pressing
:KLOH RSHUDWLQJ LQ 7,0(' 723 9LHZ PRGH WKH .QRE has the same effect).
Emulator / TOP View Control Menu can be turned on or Step 2: The Frozen TOP View Menu appears
off by pressing . As shown in Figure 8-7, this menu (Figure 8-7). Choose from the following menu
pauses, clears, and restarts the TOP View data acquisi- selections:
tion process. Pressing below STOP (this is the only
menu selection thats also active in ENCODED mode) has CURSOR 1 Switch on the VERTICAL cursor, allowing
the same effect as pressing : the display is frozen and left- and right-knob control of the cursor lines. All mea-
available for analysis or storage in a data set. To navigate surement of displayed TOP View data is made at the
and evaluate a frozen TOP View display, follow the steps intersection of the two cursors.
below and refer to Figure 8-7: MEAS 1 Sets the position at which these four measured
values (the only ones available for a TOP View display)
NOTE: While scanning in ENCODED mode, TOP View are reported.
GDWDLVUVWDGGHGWRWKHGLVSOD\VFUHHQWKHQVFUROOHG
into the instruments data buffer. When the buffer is full VIEW Chose for display one of the four TOP View DATA
the scanning process automatically stops, activating the SOURCEs. Shows all acquired TOP View data on one
Frozen TOP View Menu (Figure 8-7) and requiring the screen or reverts to the scale used during data acquisi-
operator to take action before the data is overwritten. tion. Scrolling is only enabled when the VIEW WINDOW
6DYLQJWKLVGDWDWRDGDWDVHWOHJHQHUDWLQJDUHSRUW is set to AS AQUIRED.
or otherwise carrying out an ACTION indicated in the FILENAME Sets the data set- and report-saving param-
FILES Menu clears the buffer. eters, then stores data sets or generates reports. Note that
pressing and holding for approximately three seconds
NOTE: The TOP View Control Menu is activated and will cause a REPORT to generate or a DATA SET to be
deactivated by pressing . When the Control Menu is stored based on the ACTION setting.
active, the function keys and both knobs are disabled,
but pressing or (in TIMED MODE) provides im- Step 3: Press at any time to access the TOP View
mediate access to various HOME-Menu functions. Sim- Control Menu. Press below START to eliminate all
ilarly, when acquiring data in ENCODED mode (during unsaved TOP View data and restart the display acquisi-
which no function adjustments are allowed), pressing tion process. Alternatively, press below RESUME (if
below STOP and pressing or provides ac- displayed) to continue the acquisition process from the
cess to several functions that require recalculation of point at which it was STOPped.
instrument parameters. As this recalculation will result
in a clearing of unsaved TOP View data, the operator NOTE: When the TOP View display is frozen, switch-
LVDVNHGWRFRQUPWKLVDFWLRQEHIRUHSURFHHGLQJ ing the acquisition mode from TIMED to ENCODED
(or vice versa) will result in a loss of data. Data to be
NOTE: STOPping the data acquisition process and retained must be stored in a data set prior to changing
VDYLQJWKLVGDWDWRDGDWDVHWOHJHQHUDWLQJDUHSRUW WKH &/2&. VHWWLQJ 6LPLODUO\ VHOHFWLQJ DQG DOWHULQJ
or otherwise carrying out an ACTION indicated in the functions that require a recalculation of instrument
FILES Menu clears the buffer. parameters will result in loss of unsaved TOP View
data.
NOTE: Pressing below CLEAR (TIMED mode
only), while the TOP View is acquiring data, immedi- NOTE: Pressing below CLEAR, while the TOP
ately eliminates all unsaved TOP View data and restarts View is acquiring data in TIMED mode, immediately
the display acquisition process. When the TOP View eliminates all unsaved TOP View data and restarts
display is STOPped (or frozen), pressing below the display acquisition process. When the TOP View
START also eliminates all unsaved TOP View data and display is STOPped (or frozen), pressing below
restarts the display acquisition process while RESUME START also eliminates all unsaved TOP View data and
(not displayed when the ENCODED mode buffer is full) restarts the display acquisition process. Pressing
allows the acquisition to continue from its position when below RESUME (if displayed) continues the acquisition
STOP was selected. process from the point at which it was STOPped.
FIGURE 8-7TOP View data can be viewed as an amplitude or sound-path-distance to trigger (TOF) in A- or B-Gate.
Note that in ENCODED mode, DATA SOURCE changes can only be made when the display is frozen.
VLQJ7239LHZV(1&2'('0RGH
8
8VHU$SSOLFDWLRQ6XPPDU\
A typical TOP View data-acquisition session may be
conducted in the following manner:
$SUREHLVVHOHFWHGWRFRYHUDQDUHDRIWHVWPDWHULDO
material with multiple straight beams. Suitable cou-
pling is chosen and an appropriate ultrasonic setup
is performed on the instrument.
Index
A BIP.................................................................................. 62
A%cA.............................................................................. 63 BW.................................................................................. 70
IMAGE BASED............................................................... 28 O
INCH......................................................................... 13, 52 OFFLN DB...................................................................... 36
INT MEMORY................................................................. 74 OFFSET Z ...................................................................... 17
IP START........................................................................ 24 On and Off ...................................................................... 46
Outputting ....................................................................... 78
K
Outputting via the RS-232 Serial Port ............................ 78
.H\SDG ............................................................................. 6
OUTPUT SELECT.......................................................... 62
.QRE ................................................................................. 6
.QRE(PXODWRU.H\..................................................... 7, 46 P
P%A................................................................................ 32
/
P%B................................................................................ 32
L1-2 ................................................................................ 36
P1 ................................................................................... 36
LANGUAGE.............................................................. 13, 51
P1-2 ................................................................................ 36
large reading box............................................................ 64
P2 ................................................................................... 36
LEG ................................................................................ 23
PA ................................................................................... 63
LINEAR SCAN TYPE ..................................................... 21
PA/ .................................................................................. 33
Lithium battery pack ......................................................... 5
3$A ................................................................................. 33
LOGIC ...................................................................... 28, 62
PART .............................................................................. 21
longitudinal ..................................................................... 21
PART NUMBER.............................................................. 16
LOW END....................................................................... 18
PB/.................................................................................. 34
M 3%A ................................................................................. 34
0DJQLHG9LHZ.H\ .................................................... 7, 46 PDA/ ............................................................................... 33
MATERIAL................................................................ 21, 24 3'$A .............................................................................. 32
MAT ATTN ...................................................................... 71 3'%A ........................................................................ 32, 33
0$77+,&.1(66........................................................... 21 3($. .................................................................. 28, 61, 90
Measured Results (Phased Array).................................. 32 Phased Array Home Menu ............................................... 7
MEAS 1 .................................................................... 36, 92 Phased Array Probe ....................................................... 15
MEAS 2 .......................................................................... 36 PITCH............................................................................. 16
MEMO ............................................................................ 76 POINT GAIN................................................................... 43
MEMO IN REPORT........................................................ 76 POINT POS .................................................................... 43
menus............................................................................... 8 POSITION ...................................................................... 60
MM............................................................................ 13, 52 Positioning Gates ........................................................... 60
0RGH6HOHFWRU.H\ ..................................................... 7, 46 POSITIVE ....................................................................... 28
POS HALFWAVE...................................................... 26, 55
N
Powering On..................................................................... 6
NEGATIVE...................................................................... 28
Power Adapter .................................................................. 6
NEG HALFWAVE ..................................................... 26, 55
3RZHU.H\ .................................................................. 7, 46
NEW DATA ..................................................................... 84
PPA/................................................................................ 33
NUMBER of ELEMENTS................................................ 16
33$A ............................................................................... 32
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the pressure on the natural resources, we encourage you to use the appropriate take-back
systems. Those systems will reuse or recycle most of the materials of your end life equipe-
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