“Ys Practice Tests Teacher’swT” © GRIVAS PUBLICATIONS 2014 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, e prior permission of GRIVAS PUBLICATIONS. electronic without 1 Published and distributed by: GRIVAS PUBLICATIONS HEAD OFFICE 3 Irodotow St. 193 00- POBox 72 Attiki, Greece Tel. +30-210,55.73.470 Fax: +30-210.55,73.076, +30-210.55.74.086 e-mail:info@grivas.gr hnep:ftuww:grivas.gr Printed March 2014Introduction 4 | Grammar in Brief - Grammar-based Key Word Transformation 7 | TEST 1 25 TEST 2 a TEST 3 37 TEST 4 73 TEST 5 89 TEST 6 105 Further Practice in Key Word Transformation focused on: grammar | structure, vocabulary and collocation or idiomatic expression .....122 Further Practice in Word Formation 137 Glossary 147 Sample Answer Sheet 159 Listening Scripts 165Introduction to the Cambridge English First (FCE) for Schools READING AND USE OF ENGLISH — General Descri FORMAT The paper contains seven pats. For Pars 1 to3, the test contains texts with accompanying grammar and ‘vocabulary tasks. Part 4 consists of separate items with a grammar and vocabulary focus For Parts 510 7, the test contains a range of texts and accompanying reading comprehension tasks. SiN eas ime NO. OF PARTS 7 NO.OF QUESTIONS 52 = TASK TYPES Mulipl-choice doze, open Goze, word formation, key word transformation, mutiple choice, gapped | text, multiple matching | WORDCOUNT ___2,200-2,500 MARKS Parts 13 each correct answer receives 1 mark; Part 4~each correct answer receives upto 2 marks. For Parts 5-6, each correct answer receives 2 marks; for Part 7, each correct answer receives Tmark, TASK TYPE Multiple-choice cloze —_ FOCUS “The main focus is on vocabulary, e8, idioms, collocation, fixed phrases, complementation, phrasal verbs, semantic precision. FORMAT Amodified cloze test ‘containing eight gaps. There are ‘option multiple-choice items for each gap. i OFQs 8 eee Sener oer K TYPE Open cloze é soe z a FOCUS 18 and control of grammar with some focus on vocabulary. 4 FORMAT NO.OFQs 8 TASK TYPE Word formation a A FOCUS “The main focus is on vocabulary, in particular the use of affiation, internal “changes and compounding, in word formation. z SEY sora A text containing eight gaps. Each gap corresponds to a word. The stem of ‘the missing word is given beside 3 Ee __the text and must be changed to form the missing word. ae a SEB xoora 8 Epps TYPE Keyword wansformation an a if os The focus ison grammar, vocabulary and collocation ee fi FORMAT Sik separate items, each with a lead-in sentence anda gapped second sentence tobe completed in two to five 3 words, one of which is a given ‘key’ word. BB cora 6 7 i Spy Tsk Pe Multiple choice a a 2M rocus Detail, opinion, atttude, tone, purpose, main idea, gist, meaning from context, implication, text organisation oe features (exempiifcation, reference) BM cowar A tor folowed by si -opon mutplecoice questions SMB vo ora 6 = i ares SB TASK IPE Gapped text as ei wu 209 Focus Cohesion, coherence, text structure EPI romwar A text from which sentences have been removed and placed in jumbled order aftr the tex. Candidates must = decide from which part ofthe text the sentences have been removed _ Zz BB No ora 6 eee i a q TASK TYPE Muliple matching eae Detail, opinion, specific information, implication. oo EFF fomar A text or several short texts, preceded by multiple-matching questions. Candidates must match a prompt to € lements inthe text, EB voor 10 Tn ied,ation FORMAT The paper contains two part. C “hour 20 minutes HH NO.OF PARTS 2 oe | NO. OF to complete two tasks: a compulsory task in Part 1 and one task from a choice of four in QUESTIONS TASK TYPES __A range from the following: article; email / etter; essay; review; story a MARKS Each question on this paper carties equal marks. TASK TYPE D FOCUS SMe ce ULES ‘Writing an essay giving opinion and providing reasons forthe opinion. fa FORMAT ‘Candidates are required to write an essay giving their opinion on the essay title using the ideas given and providing Ee an idea of their wn, The essay tte willbe based around subjects that teenagers can reasonably be expected to have = an opinion on. LENGTH 140-190 words ba) TASK TYPE ‘Writing one from a number of possible text types based on: a contextualised writing task or a question related AND FOCUS _ toa set tex. fy FORMAT ‘Candidates have a choice of task. In questions 2-4, the tasks provide candidates with a clear context, topic, purpose ES and target reader for ther writing, Question 5 consists ofa task based on a set text. The output text types ae: article; E email eter; essay; review; story. ieNGTH 140-190 words TIMING. scription ‘The paper contains four parts, Each part contains a recorded text or texts and corresponding comprehension tasks. | Each pat twice Approximately 40 minutes NO.OF PARTS 4 i | NO.OF Qs 30 \SK TYPES. ‘Multiple choice, sentence completion, multiple matching, TEXT TYPES. ANSWER FORMAT RECORDING INFORMATION | MARKS _the answer sheet Each correct answer receives 1 mark. “Monologues: answerphone messages, radio documentaries and features, news, public announcements, stories and anecdotes, talks, | Interacting speakers: conversations, interviews, discussions, radio pl ‘Candidates are advised to write their answers in the spaces provided on the question paper while listening, There will be 5 minutes at the end of the test to copy the answers onto a separate answer sheet. Candidates indicate their answers by shading the correct lozenges or writing the required word or words in capital letters in a box on. The instructions for each task are given in the question paper, and are also heard on the recording. These instructions include the announcement of pauses of specified lengths, during which candidates can familiarise themselves ‘with the task and, for some items, predict some of the things they are likely to hear. A variety of voices, styles of delivery and accents will be heard in each Listening paper to reflect the various contexts presented in the recordings, as appropriate to the intemational contexts of the test takers.Structure and Tasks TASK TYPE Multiple choice ane = FOCUS The focus is on genre, identifying speaker feeling, attitude, topic, opinion, purpose, agreement between speakers, gist and detail, FORMAT [A series of short unrelated extracts, of approximately 30 seconds each, from monologues or exchanges between interacting speakers. There is one multiple-choice question per text, each with three options. NO.OF Qs 8 TASK TYPE Sentence completion FOCUS The focus is on detail, identiying specific information and stated opinion. zi FORMAT ‘A monologue lasting 3-4 minutes. Candidates are required to complete the sentences with information heard on the recording, NO.OF Qs 10 TASK TYPE Multiple matching FOCUS The focus is on identifying atitude, opinion, gist, purpose, feeling, main points and detail FORMAT Five short related monologues of approximately 30 seconds each, There are five questions which require the selection of the correct option from a lst of eight. Ol uae 2 TASK TYPE Multiple choice F Focus __The focus is on identifying opinion, attitude, detail, gist, nain idea and specific information. FORMAT {An interview or exchange between two speakers and lasting 3-4 minutes. There are seven 3-option multiple- choice questions. NO.OFQs 7 cessed ace FORMAT ‘The Speaking test contains four parts i TIMING 14 minutes _ Se NO.OF PARTS_4 i INTERACTION Two candidates and two examiners. One examiner acts as both interlocutor and assessor and manages the interaction either by asking questions or providing cues for candidates. The other acts as assessor and does not jin in the conversation, — TASK TYPES Short exchanges with the interlocutor and with the other candidate; a 1-minute individual ‘long turn; collaborative task involving the two candidates; a discussion, MARKS Candidates are assessed on their performance throughout. Sree MESL) TASK TYPE A.conwersation between the interlocutor and each candidate (spoken questions). AND FORMAT _ te Focus ‘The focus is on general interactional and social language. TIMING 2 minutes ee TASK TYPE An individual ‘long turn’ by each candidate with a response from the second candidate. in turn, the candidates AND FORMAT _ate given a pair of photographs to talk about. ai FOCUS The focus is on organising a larger unit of discourse, comparing, describing and expressing opinions TIMING ‘A t-minute ‘long tur’ for each candidate, plus a.30-second response from the second candidate. The total time! for Part 2 is 4 minutes. eH iz See TASK TYPE __Atwo-way conversation between the candidates. The candidates are given spoken instructions with written stimuli, AND FORMAT which are used in discussion and decision-making tasks, asesvanesnesennies Focus The focus is on sustaining an interaction, exchanging ideas, expressing and justiying opinions, agreeing and / or disagreeing, suggesting, speculating, evaluating, reaching a decision through negotiation, etc TIMING A 2-minute discussion followed by a 1-minute decision-making task. The total time for Part 3 is 4 minutes. TASK TYPE A discussion on topics related to the collaborative task (spoken questions) AND FORMAT a ae FOCUS The focus is on expressing and justifying opinions, agreeing and / or disagreeing and speculating, TIMING 4 minutes Decne pert of ns eg gu fcr oI 2145 the snot dates time A Simple Present PRESENT My parents work for a big company. NoTE ALSO: Here comes Steve! There she goes! Then he opens the door and walks out of the room. Robert Pattinson plays the role of an FBI agent. PLANE CRASHES IN INDIA Present Continuous: Be quiet! The baby is sleeping right now. NOTE ALSO: Dad's working overtime every day this month. Those boys are always / forever / constantly / continually ‘causing problems. His condition is improving as the days go by. The boat is leaving / leaves tomorrow at 9 o'clock. = Why are you smelling the cheese? Is something wrong with it? (= checking its smell) = Are you seeing Janet tonight? (= meeting) = I'm thinking about joining a gym. (= considering) = You're being silly now. (= behaving in a silly way at a particular moment) Sata C Simple Present Perfect Have you seen any James Bond films? NOTE ALSO: ve sent him three e-mails this week. This / Its the first | second / only time I've witnessed an accident. This / It is the best / most delicious pie I've ever eaten. How long has it been (ox: is it) since you have moved (ox: moved) here? Ithas been (ok: is) years since it has snowed (oR: snowed) here. have gone to / have been to / have been in Our neighbours have gone to Austria for Christmas. 1 have been to Portugal many times. Sally has been in Italy for two weeks. D Present Perfect Continuous He has been working here for six months | since June. Noe ALsa: = Why are your eyes red? Have you been crying? = Who has been using my shampoo? The bottle is empty. = Ihave known him for years. Inor:| They have had this car since 2002. nor: They have-been-having-have this ...] him ...1 ‘Complete each sentence with two to five words, including the word given. 1 The last time | went to Crete was in July 2010. oN, Crete since July 2010, Thaven’t had a reply to my email yet. sit lam... ill waiting for, a reply to my email Robert began to write poetry five years ago. Wein Robert pote five years. The group broke up three years ago. SINCE It, the group It’s more than a month since | saw Peter. ror, ‘haven't seen Peter for, more than a month, ‘This is the worst film I've ever watched. NEVER I bad film. His involvement in politics started when he was at university. invowven He has... he was at university. Thaven’t spoken French for ages. SINCE It’s ages French. ved in politics since, mL seek 9 The last time we went dancing was months ago. FoR We months 10. They have never swum in a pool before. ne It’s the’... fist time they have swum ina pool. 11 Look, the teacher is coming, boys! were Look, ,., the te boys! 12. Derek met Susan eight months ago. mas Derek | eight montis 13. He has got a job at a café this summer. 1s He ie is working at a café this summer. 14 Why do you complain about the weather all the time? Forever Why rey about the weather? 15 We bought this sofa six years ago. ive We ,.............fiave had this sofa for six years. 16 This is the best song I've ever heard. sereR | rd a be this. 7 arA Simple Past He went out every night when he was younger. ‘on: He used lo go out / He would go out ... NoTE Also: = How long ago was it that they moved here? = How long is it (or: has it been) since you (last) spoke to Chris? 1 Its (oR: has been) months since we had (or: have had) a holiday. | B Past Continuous \ Complete each sentence with two to five words, including the word given. 1 = What were you doing at the time of the robbery? = [was having a shower when the lights went out. = He was listening to the news while he was driving t past Perfect Continuous to work. NOTE ALSO: My sister was always { forever / constantly / continually borrowing my clothes. Thad to tidy my room before going out. unt I couldn’t go out .. my room, Thaven‘t spoken to Adam since we graduated. ust The ,, to Adam was when we graduated. Mr Swift did not stop working until he was seventy. WHEN Mr Swift tv.nhen he stopped working. Debbie went to Mykonos every summer when she was younger. use Debbie .., used to.90 10 Mykonos every summer when she was younger. She started cooking as soon as they arrived. unt She didn't star cooking until they had arrived. She has been working here for two years. starreo She ,. ago. When did you have a since How long |. PMOH NG ssssse a haircut? The thieves left before the police got here. sy The thieves the police got here, 10 " 12 13 14 15 imple Past Perfect They had served breakfast by eight o'clock / by the time we woke up. NOTE ALSO: That / It was the first / second / only time | had swum in a pool. That / It was the dullest / most boring play ! had ever seen. = He didn’t read the letter until everyone (had) left After they (had) had dinner, they ordered dessert. ‘As soon as he (had) heard the news, he called his wife. We set off before he had given / gave us the map. He had been studying French for eight years before he ‘got his certificate Note also: By 2005, he had been playing for the schoo! team for five years. She had backache because she had been planting flowers all morning. 9 Lauren had never ridden a motorcycle before. nist It was the , a motorcycle. Pete painted the walls and Kelly cleaned the cupboards. wuts Pete was painting the walls ,.while Kel wes. | cleaning... the cupboards. No other student had ever talked back to her. onty He was the ,, talked back to her. only student who had eve When | eventually stopped, I'd been a smoker for twelve years. SMOKINGBy the time I stopped, I f2P).... twelve years. When | lived on the farm, I woke up at five every day. wou When | lived on the farm, | would wake up. san at five every day. moking.. They argued all the time when they were little. ronever They .. re fo when they were litte. I had never watched a better game. mist Itwas the watched.FUTURE TENSES — A Simple Future Tomorrow, it will snow in the north. JI didn’t know he was in town. Il give him a call tonight. I'm sure he'll be OK. Be going to I’m going to look for a job when 1 finish school. ‘My room is in a mess, but | am going to tidy it this evening.’ = Look! Those cars are going to crash! B Future Continuous This time next week we'll be skiing in the Alps. 1'll be watching watching TV while you are reading the newspaper. NoTE ALSO: The President of the USA will be visiting Japan in May. ‘will you be needing the car tonight?’ ‘No, you can take it if you want.’ Tell him to come and see me as soon as he gets here. [Nor:... as soon as he-wittget...] [Do Nor use will after: when*, if, unless, before, after, till until, as long as, by the time, while, the minute / ‘moment (that), on condition (that), provided / providing (that), suppose / supposing (that), in case * [have no idea when they will come back when: question word] C Simple Future Perfect = Other ways of expressing the future = The future in the past ) The children will have left for school by nine o'clock || by the time you wake up. [Nor .nttnine o'clock. | sur: They won't have returned until three. ‘ote I's past midnight. They will have gone fo bed | by now. D Future Perfect Continuous By 2020 | By the time he retires, he will have been working for forty-five years. The plane is to take off in five minutes. Hurry up! The shop is about to close. {’nv on the point of giving up. His latest book is due to come out at Christmas. This film is sure / certain / bound to be a success. I was going to buy her a present but Iran out of money. The museum was to open in April but something went wrong. He was about fo open the safe when they caught him. She was on the point of leaving when she heard the phone ring. The concert was due to take place on Sunday but it was postponed. Complete each sentence with two to five words, including the word given. 1 There probably won't be any more problems with it usiney It, key tha ther be any more problems with it. | 2 When 1 get there, I'll give you a ring. soon I'll give you a ring.........88.$207.88 | . get there. 3. The principal is to make a speech before the graduation ceremony begins. ue The principal ....atil/be making, a speech before the graduation ceremony begins. 4 The shops here don't open until 10.00. coma The shops here , 7 until 10.00. 5 Our new sofa will be delivered by the 22nd. Have They started playing chess at five o'clock, nearly three hours ago. nave By eight o'clock, they, il ploviog.. chess for three hours. 7 Ill stop studying at lunchtime. be ' willbe studying unit lunchtime. 8 hope to have finished painting by the time the furniture arrives. 1 hope by the time the furniture arrives. 9 The weather is not expected to improve soon. improve We don't think ,..the weather wil imorove.... soon, 10. He will have left before they wake up. nme He will have left... bythe ime. wake up. 11. intend to apply for that job. GOING nnnnnn AM AO109 19 2AM. for that job. 12. Iwas about to leave when she turned up. pont — | was the point of leavi wien she turned up 13 I'm sure he'll be angry when he finds out. BouND He is bound to angry when he finds out. 14. Study hard and you'll pass the test PROVIDED You'll pass the test provided (tht) you study hard. 15 The prime minister is going to visit Athens next week. Be The prime minister .... si ‘Athens next week.[Uncount 10 Complete each sentence with two to five words, including the word given. 1 Nouns The advice he gave me was invaluable. [aiso: furniture, equipment, information, luggage | baggage, jewellery, machinery She had a piece of { several pieces of luggage with her. [aiso wins: advice, furniture, equipment, information, etc.] Fruit is full of vitamins. [aiso: money, cash, shopping, housework, fruit, knowledge, evidence, damage, accommodation, rubbish, applause, laughter, rain, wood, research, et:| aur: tropical fruits — a good knowledge of There was thunder / lightning last night. [a clap / peal of thunder ~ a bolt / flash of lightning! Singular / plural verb Where are my new jeans? [niso: trousers, shorts, leggings, tights, pyjamas, swimming trunks, scissors, scales} A pair of jeans was .. | Two pairs of jeans were ... [aiso wen: trousers, shorts, leggings, ctc.) The police have arrived. [aiso: stairs, goods, cattle, customs, savings, earnings, outskirts, surroundings] The news is very good. [aiso: maths / mathematics, physics, gymnastics, athletics, measles, mumps! They covered all the furniture with sheets. recess All the... covered with sheets. He hardly knows anything about modern art. knowLEoce His... knowledge of moder artis. not very good. My suitcases were carried upstairs. tuccace My... luggage was carried... upstairs. I like maths more than any other subject. ravourrTe Maths , my favourite subject. ‘Mum, I need new jeans,’ Chris said. PAIR “Mum, | need ........2.28 "Chris said. It seems that several students were involved in the incident. MORE It seems that ,, more than one studer __ involved in the incident. ‘A lot of people work for this company. numeer A, arge./ great number of people wo this company. ... for Subject + singular / plural verb | 8 10 " 12 Each of the students was / were given a project. {aiso: either of, neither of, none of] ur: Not one of these paintings is for sale. Either Chris or his brother / Neither Chris nor his brother has / have got the keys. : Either the windows or the front door / Neither the windows nor the front door were left open. Nor: ... door was left ..} ‘Someone has left their jacket here. [also win: anyone, no one, everyone) The number of new members has gone down this ye ‘A small | large number of customers have complain. about the service. More than one prisoner has managed to escape. One and a half weeks have gone by since then. Fggs, as well as butter, are high in cholesterol. Butter, as well as eggs, is high in cholesterol. Three weeks is a long time to spend away from your family. Js two kilometres too far for you to walk? Five hundred euros isa ridiculous price for a pair of shoes. Fish and chips is a traditional English dish. Itis known that at least two burglaries take place i the area daily. more It is known that ,_.or takes... place in the area daily gly. Not many people live in this village. uviNG The number of people living in this vilage| small. Jason, as... at basketball practi I'm sure that none of them have thought of the consequences. ONE Vm sure that ‘Amonth and a half has gone by since their argument Axo OnE ene 204.8 halt months. NAVE. gone by since their argument.‘A Some - Any - No = Would you like some tea? Can someone show me how to use the photocopier? Some idiot has left their car in the middle of the road. You must have some idea about what happened. Some people enjoy opera while others / some find it boring. (Nor:-Other people ...] Some ten million people live in London. (= About ten million ...) He hardly speaks to anyone about his family. She did everything without any help from us You can borrow any book you like. Ask anyone you want; they'll tell you I'm right. = | trust mo one, No pets are allowed in the hotel. (= it doesn’t matter which / who) ‘our There’s no reason for you to worry. Nott: Nobody / No one knew where he was. hon Noboreotthear Ne one ir Bien of None of these books was / were written by Dickens. : Not one of these books was written by ... [Not: Ne-one-of these books ...] o B Expressing Quantity = We're going away for a couple of days. Imany, (a) few, several, a number of, a couple of + plural nouns] = You need only a small amount of sugar for these biscuits. [much, (a) little, a great deal of, a small / large, etc. amount of + uncountable nouns) = We've got a lot / lots / plenty of oranges. You't find a lot lots / plenty of information on this on the Internet. = Many tickets have remained unsold. = Much was said about their relationship. There's too much noise in here. Ivery, t00, 30, how, as + many / much in affirmative sentences] NOTE ats: T haven't seen much of him recently. ‘Our views on the subject are much the same. Not many of the seats were taken. As many as three hundred people were invited to the wedding ‘As much as £100,000 was kept in the safe. There are so few houses for sale in this area it won't be easy to find something. {s0, too, very, only a + few /ittle] ace ir Complete each sentence with two to five words, including the word given. 1 At the end of the month | have very little money left. WeNl.§ aaeowr At the end of the month ,.. hardly have any ly. y left. iiage|2__ THis cupboard is completely empry aueu) rT There's ing, cupboard, > now It's a pity not all of them came on the excursion some It’s pity... $ome of them didnt come on the excursion. e 4 I'm afraid there isn’t anything we can do about it Sas NOTHING I'm afraid ,.......there a nathing we can. ances, do about Iment5 Fortunately, not much damage was caused by the fire very Fortunately, ott litle damage was caused by the fire. 6 “There is little I can do,’ said the doctor. much ‘There ,......d8mtmuch | can said the doctor. do,” 7 No one knows the answer to that question. anvoe There ......./eft anyone who knows, the answer to that question. 8 He said not many rooms are vacant at present. ony He said Wa few are vacant at present. 9 I'm sure all the seats are taken. nor I'msure , 0 is free. 10. He ate hardly anything because he wasn't feeling well. amost He : because he wasn't feeling wel_-[RJADvERsS - TOO - ENOUGH ~ ——— A Adverbs He works out often enough to keep fit. = He works hard. There’s enough room to put an armchair here. = He could hardly speak The cake she made wasn’t big enough. = There’s hardly anything left to do now. ‘on: She didn’t make a big enough cake. = | hardly ever go to the cinema. C Comparison She came home late, - Have you seen them lately? The exam was more / ess difficult than I had Don’t come near. ~ | nearly lost my temper. . z| [ieee ; 5 expecte SA SaT AE Renate That was the most /least expensive bracelet of all ; the sh = This is a highly paid job. sue : ‘It’s highly unlikely that it will happen again. int The poste i farthes,/ further. dona the road For further information, you can contact this ime They dug deen, iojfnd vatel number. [Nor: For fartherinformation ..] twas deeply hurt by your comments. = My older / elder brother is an architect. She is silly. She behaves in a silly way / manner. tut: My brother is older than me. (Not: ..-iselder {niso: cowardly, fatherly, motherly, lovely, friendly, ugly, lively| = [think it’s a bit warmer today. This smells wonderful [Nor .. smells-wonderfet:] [much /a lot /far/even /a little |. comparati [aiso: look, seem, sound, taste, feel) a bit / slightly / any / no. J ia B Too - Enough Nowe Also: He woke up too late to catch the 8.15 train. He is by far the best player in the team. = The book was too long to finish in one day. My car is as fast as yours, (NOT: ... so-fast-as-..] ‘on: It was too long a book to finish in one day. Her salary is not as / so high as her husband's. x (Our house is half / twice / three times as big as theirs = There's too much salt in the omelette. Tatar ree crear ekg ea ees The balloon went higher and higher up in the air. 6 ; She's getting more and more excited about her trip [much too + adj.) He lst brave enough to go there by hirselt. The longer | have to wait, the more anxious | becorn Your watch is the same as Jane’s. Fwant a jacket similar to this one. Complete each sentence with two to five words, including the word given. 1 My children are too irresponsible to look after a puppy. 8 The furthest I can walk is two kilometres, cake My children aren’t ible enough fo take, THAN Tana further than of a puppy. two kilometres. 2. Our flat is as big as the Smiths’. 9. The price of the dress was less than | thought it same The Smiths’ flat t Eee would be. ours Hct The price of the dress _as.not as! so high as, , sa Uthought it would be. 10. The tea is so hot that | can’t drink it here in 2014 a uct The tea is 4 John had not expected to find gardening so interesting. me to drink. iN Johnis more interested in gardening then... 11 He is the smallest person in the world. he had expected. saute He is ,...,mallr than any other person 5. I couldn’t break the glass because it was too hard. in the world, oo The glass...., {00,hard for, | 12. She's easily the best singer in the group. me to break. FAR, 3. There were more tourists here in 2013 than in 2014. as There were .., 3 for She's by ar the best singer /the best singer by fr 6 Our team has been luckier than theirs in this in the group. tournament. 13. Your sister is really friendly, isn’t she? Your sister behaves ...a realy vow doesn’t she? we Their team hasn't... ours in this tournament. 7 They couldn’t catch the pickpocket because he ran 14. This is one of the tallest buildings in Athens. so fast. tau There are not (a 828, 0 a, oo The pickpocket ran ..... {90 fast for them 0... as this one in Athens. catch. so.much luck a6... wayForms of the infinitive Active Passive (to) write (to) be written {to) be writing = {to) have written (to) have been written {to) have been writing . Infinitive with ‘to! Twent to the bakery to buy some bread. {ons .. bakery so as to /in order to buy. 1 didn’t call him so as not to disturb /in order not to disturb him. [Nor: .. him notto-disturb..] ‘= He asked to be given a second chance. ‘a Iwas glad to hear you got engaged. [iso arteR: anxious, happy, sorry, surprised, etc.) twas difficult (for me) to accept the truth. Itwas kind of him to offer us a lit = She was the first / second / last (one) to leave the office. air, 1 My mother didn't let me have dessert until | had trip — finished my dinner. 2COMH ape My mother... my dinner before had dessert. 2 I suggest that you allow them to help you. ur Why not let them / don't you et them help you? 3. It looks as if she has injured her leg. “") seems She ,, ‘$e0ms fo.have injured. her leg. 4 ‘I won't pay for the damage,’ Chris said weruseo Chris , refused 0 pay. for the damage. | would prefer it if nobody else knew where | am. want I don’t .,......want anybody else to know where | am. 6 Steve doesn’t often wake up early on Sundays. Is nuiual for Steve UNusuat It... wake up early on Sundays. :DILBE7 Mary has difficulty studying in the library. Bsr It isn’t 888 for in the library. “8-8 The climbers didn’t succeed in reaching the top of the mountain, ar manace The climbers didn’t ,.. anage to reach the top of the mountain, = He's too ill / not well enough to leave hospital yet = Frushed to his house, only to find out he had already left. = Their attempt to sail across the Atlantic was unsuccessful [Infinitive without = [saw them get on the bus. Lniso arren: hear, watch, notice, observe, let, make] sur: They were seen to get on the bus. [in the passive] [aiso aren: hear, make] = I'd rather go to the cinema tonight. = You'd better not tell anyone about it = cdo anything but | except iron his clothes. {aiso arren: do nothing / everything but / except] = Why wait tll tomorrow? Let’s ask him now. = Why nothave a party on New Year's Eve? = Il help you (to) unpack. 9. Alex always appears to have something to worry about. WoRRYING Alex always appears 10.5 _ something. 10 All he does is complain about his teachers. NoTHING He .......d928.nathing but eompla about his teachers. 11 Theard Don tell her the news. Te DOM aces heard to toll her the news. 12, He wrote the number down so that he wouldn’t forget it onoeR He wrote the number down Jn.grder.not to, OPE sas Ite 13. I don’t know why Greg changed his mind. wave — I'don't know hi 14 Sue finished the race last of all. tast Sue was ,,.. he last (p the race. 15. It seemed that she was feeling very depressed. BE She seemed ,. to.be feeling... very depressed, 16 It seems they have been waiting for some time. aprcan They ‘appear to have been for some time.{BJ THE GERUND ~ INFINITIVE OR GERUND? |___— A The Gerund ie gerund Passive | writing being written having written having been written smoking causes a [ot of health problems. Do you like dancing? He left without taking his wallet with him. = You must avoid eating too much red meat. = We must prevent him / his finding out. on: We must prevent him from finding out. B Infinitive or Gerund? 1 [t started to rain { raining early in the morni [aiso arrer: begin, continue, can’t bear} «= / like to read | reading before going to bed. [aiso arrer: love, hate, prefer] sur: { would like / love / hate / prefer to read one of these books. [aiso artex: admit ((o), consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, ! prefer swimming to sunbathing. fancy, finish, imagine, keep (on), mind, miss, postpone, 1 | prefer to swim rather than sunbathe. rrisk, suggest, etc.] 1 It’s no use / good talking to him. He won't listen. = J would prefer to swim rather than sunbathe, Note the difference: [aso Arter: whats the use of, there’s no point (in), what's = / remember putting the keys in that drawer, help, feel like, have difficulty (in), etc.) «= I'm looking forward fo seeing my favourite band live. the point of, it’s (not) worth, can’t stand, can’t / couldn’t Did you remember to send the email? = /'ll never forget visiting the Louvre. | forgot to feed the goldtish yesterday. {nuso arrer: be /get used to, be / get accustomed to, object She stopped dancing professionally at the to, fake to, in addition fo] = As well as doing the housework, she also cooks for us. = The car needs / wants / requires servicing. (= needs to be | serviced) = J dislike Mark | Mark’s / him / his asking questions all the time. 1 Excuse me / my saying so, but you don’t look well. ‘on: Excuse me for saying so, but ... 1 Forgive me / my shouting at you. | ‘on: Forgive me for shouting at you. of fifty. We stopped to admire the view and then continued on our way. = Try calling him again later. I tried to open the window but it was stuck: I regret being so rude to him. I regret to inform you that you have failed your test. ‘= Accepting this job will mean travelling a lot. I'm sorry. | didn’t mean to hurt your feeling Complete each sentence with two to five words, including the word given, 1. The police finally managed to find the stolen diamonds. succeepeD The police finally .,,, sec __ the stolen diamonds. 2. ‘If you wanted to borrow my earrings, you should have asked me first,’ said Cathy to her sister. wittour Cathy criticised her sister for having ..., her earrings without asking. her first. 3. Would you mind if! sat here? 10 Would you object... £.my.| me sittin _ here? 4 He walked home and didn’t take a taxi. nsteAD He walked home ad of ta : a taxi. 5 Laura sings and plays the guitar too. welt Laura sings .. ell 26 IAM. the guitar. 6 I wish I'd talked to them about my problems. HavING — regret , alk to them 'y problems. 7 Could you look after my dog while I'm in France? cane Would you mind. eking care of _.. my dog while I’m in France? 8 I'm not in the mood to go out tonight. UKE don’t ....fee/like going out... tonight. 9 She wrote the lyrics for the song and also sang it Apomion She sang the song ... in adaltion o writing. | __. the lyries for it 10. The boat couldn't set sail because of the strong wit Prevented The strong winds , prevented, setting _ sail 11. The children are eager to watch the acrobats. toxic The children 9 looking for ‘the acrobats. 12 Lalways go to bed early. USED Teen HSEM0 AOHN8... uu 10 bed earth 13. I's a waste of time to try to make him change his mind. port» There's no point fin) trying. to make him change his mind. 14 It was difficult to convince them that | was innocer puricutry |......had difficulty (in) convincing... ther that [was innocent. 15. ‘V’m sorry | broke your glasses,’ Tim said to Dad. For Tim apologised ,f0 Dad for breaking / havin .,. his glasses. 16 Don't bother to wash the car because it's going tora WORTH er the car because it’s going to r:MODALS |- ould uld — May / Might | ; Can — Could ~ May / Might | ding out. [ean Cou (was able to speak three languages when she was fifteen. [ability in the past) «The rescue team was able to save the climbers. ae mur 1(& managed to save) [NoT:... eam could save . vero bed, | = (Can | Could | ask you a few questions?” ‘OF course 8 you can.’ [Nor: Of course you €exie:| re = ican rain a lot here in winter. er to read) © ur It could / may / might rain tonight (Nor: Ita He's late. He could / may / might have missed the bus. uthe. = You were very lucky; you could / might have been Pahbed Killed. (Nor: .. you-raay have been... = He can't /couldn’t be from Italy. He doesn’t speak a word of Italian. at dame) They can’t / couldn't have moved to Liverpool. I saw { them an hour ago. cay. = 'y at the aga Must ® That boy looks a lot like Peter. He must be Peter’s in brother. (= I’m sure he is Peter's brother.) Ail the ights in the house are out. They must have ‘gone to bed. (= I'm sure they have gone to bed.) = ‘Must | fake the dog for a walk?’ was stuck” ves you must.’ ‘No, you don't have fo / needn't.’ Not: No, you rust] we failed = You mustn’t tell him. (= it is forbidden) You don’t have to tell him. (= it isn’t necessary) nore: He dives a Ferrari. He can’t be poor. INoT: He snasti# be ... alling alot. ur feelings o sang it, [Shall 1/ we ...2] ‘uto.wrting, Shall T help you make breakfast? Shall we sit on the veranda? trong winds 0* How about / What about sitting on the veranda Where shall 1 put these books? (Should - Ought to = You should try / ought to try harder at school. “You should have been / ought to have been more honest with me. & It’s ten o'clock so he should be at work. ‘0 bed early (= he is probably at work) hhange his They left on the 8.15 train so they should have | _ arrived by now. (= expect they have arrived) .. ..a™ Why should | help her? She never helps me. 1 ” ‘Where is he from?’ ‘How should | know?’ vas innoceni™ It is essential that he should see this immediately. Yu... ther, OR: It is essential that he sees this [Aso arrer: important, necessary, vital, funny, Ito Dad. |, Stange, natural, normal, astonshing, etc] ‘ina, having™ Tey suggested that ! should speak to Mr White. on: They suggested that I speak [atso arrer: insist, propose, demand, recommend) going to rainy Will / Would = il help you with the washing-up. Will / Would you take the rubbish out, please? = Will you two stop talking? = He'll have dinner in front of the TV every day. = Grandpa would give us sweets every time he visited us. 1 I've tried to warn her but she just won't listen. = We offered to help them several times but they wouldn't let us = That day, she found out something that would change her life. Need | {We need to buy some more fruit } main She doesn’t need to worry about anything.» var Do I need to ask for permission? You needn't bring any food with you. | modal Need, he call before he comes? verb ‘Need | book early?’ “Yes, you must.’ /‘No, you needn't’ INor: Yes, you need] {We need to set off early, don’t we? ihe needs to see a doctor, doesn’t he? He needn’t come with us, need he? = I didn't need to fake an umbrella; it wasn’t raining when I leit. (= it wasn't necessary; whether it happened or not, depends on the context) J needn't have taken an umbrella; it didn’t rain after all, (= it wasn’t necessary, but | did) [Dare] {ike people who dare to say what they think.) She doesn’t dare (to) confront them. main | Do you dare (to) go against his will? J verb | daren’t think of what may happen.) modal | Dare he say that in front of me? verb = How dare you threaten me? Don’t you dare speak to me like that again. = I dare say / daresay they't! be disappointed. (= I suppose, | think) Expressions similar to Modal Verbs be + infinitive with ‘to’ You are to report to the manager immediately. (= must) This lift is not to be used by visitors. be supposed + infinitive with ‘to’ You are supposed to book a table two weeks in advance. (= should! hilaren are not supposed to swim in this pool. be likely + infinitive with ‘to’ | The situation is likely to get worse | on: It is likely that the situation will get worse.Complete each sentence with two to five words, including the word given. A 10 n 12 13 “Why don’t you ask for directions?’ said Anna to Tim, succesTeD Anna ,...... Suggested that Tim should, ask for directions. You can take part in this competition even if you don’t buy the product. NEED You. dnt buy... the product to take part in this competition. It’s unlikely that he will come out of hospital tomorrow. To He isn't out of hospital tomorrow. You did not chop enough wood for the fire. ouctt You, ought to have chopped more wood for the fire. The teacher says we have to write the answers in pen. must The teacher says the answers us! writen in pen. expect they were completely broke by the end of their holidays. must By the end of their holidays . ‘have boon (complotely) broke. they must Itwas a mistake for you to lend them your camera. sHou You, them your camera. It’s very unlikely that the train has already left. Have The train can't couldn’ have fet yet. Fortunately, the ambulance managed to get there in time. was Fortunately, the ambulance wes able to.get there in time, I left the note on his desk, so I'm sure he read it, Must eft the note on his desk, so .. have.read.... it You are not allowed to use mobile phones in here. aust You must nol use. mobile phones in here, It’s not necessary to translate it for me. po You translate it for me. ‘Michael doesn’t have enough courage to stand up for himself. DARE Michael up for himself 14 15 16 7 18 19 20 2 23 24 25 26 She bought more wine than was necessary for the: party. soucHr SHE ser aust so much wine for the party. It would have been better if you hadn't argued witl him. shou You with him. shouldn't have argued, 's essential. ld) bo | that she & She must be told the truth; Tar It’s _ essential that she told the truth. They didn’t visit him in hospital, although they should have. oucut They him in hospital. It’s possible that she didn’t recognise you may She t have recog you. Perhaps she is sleeping now. COULD She Go now. Tim had a habit of biting his nails all the time. wou Tim... id bite his nals all the time. He should have watered the flowers yesterday, bul he didn’t. surroseD He, WS SUPPS flowers yesterday, but he didn’t. | would rather you had warned me about it sould | ought to have warned me You about it. ; HAVE You're lucky you didn’t cut yourself, John. aickt You're lucky; you .. yourself, John. I'm sure he is speaking to them now. He must be speaking ust i to them now. It isn't necessary for them to return it, is it? Neo They .. they? Shall we invite the Browns for dinner tonight? asour What out inviting the Browns for dinner tonight?CONDITIONALS | possible in the present or future] , we'll go skiing. NOTE ALSO: fit’s raining, we'll stay in. uf she has left, leave her a note. fyou feel sick, you must | should sce a doctor. fl finish early, ( can | may | might join you. ‘x Ifyou should see Ted, tell him the news. (= If you happen to see ...) iaginary in the present or future Tit had a computer, I would / could send emails to my friends. NOTE ALSO: If wasn’t / weren’t working this weekend, | would / could / might go skiing. = If Lwas | were you, I'd look for a better job. Type 3 - sth didn’t happen in the past | Ti they had received our letter, they would have replied. NOTE Also: If she hadn’t reacted so quickly, the child might / could «have drowned. {fit hadn't been raining so heavily, the match wouldn't tsho| io should were [had - Should you change your mind, give me a call. Were | rich, I'd travel around the world. Had you been more careful, you could have avoided the accident. [Other tense combinations If knew he was in hospital, | would have visited him. 1f you hadn't forgotten to bring the map, we wouldn't be lost now. If they left at eight, they'l be here soon. [Words / Expressions used instead of ‘if’ | = You can’t borrow these books unless you're a member of the library. (= ...if you aren't a member ...) = You can take the car provided | providing / on condition (that) you drive very carefully. = Welll go on a picnic as /so long as the weather is good. = Suppose / Supposing you saw a fire in the forest, what would you do? 1 I should pack some warm clothes in case it gets / i should get chilly at night. 1 But for my family, Lwouldn’t be a successful writer now. But for your support, ! wouldn’t have overcome my problems, 1 In case of In the event of an earthquake, use the stairs. If + will / would | If you will / would hold on, I'll see if she’s here. | If you won't stop | will continue shouting, ''ll leave, | I don’t know / 'm not sure / I doubt | I wonder if they | will let us go early. (= ... whether they will let us ...) = If you would like to speak to the manager, you must | wait. (= If you want to speak ...) Complete each sentence with two to five words, including the word given, li you promise not to lose my new earrings, you can borrow them. woxc You can borrow my new earrings a,89.000 7 ..A8.you.promise.., not to lose them. 2 You might get bored on the train, so you should take a book with you. cast Take a book with you n.case you (should) get 1 y, bul Karen advised him to take some vi were IF Lvere vou. td... take Some vitamin pills” said Karen. We arrived late because there was a lot of traffic. uae If there hadn't been so much traffic, we would have turned up... on time. 5 Mark says he will only leave if Sarah agrees to go with him, ustiss ut Mark has refused , f0 eave unless Saran goos. . with him. | couldn't have started this business without the £50,000 | borrowed from them. a couldn't have started this busines: ” DRONE assesses ME £50,000. It’s to0 hot for a walk today. if We could go for a walk 2) hot today. 8 It’s a good thing you warned me, or | wouldn’t have known what to do. you I wouldn’t have known what to do , you, svelte me. 9. Only if she returns it by Friday will [let her have it. ConoiTioN Ill let her have it... 99, condition (that) she _tgturns... it by Friday. If you take me with you, I'l pay for the petra ProvineD ll pay for the petrol , provided (that) you fake me with you. ‘Mum thought I might need some money so she gave me £10. cast 10 " Mum gave me £10 ....._in.case | needed |. some money. lf Debbie doesn’t practise more, she'll never get into ‘the team. ors 12 Debbie will never get into the team more practice. I didn’t know it was her birthday so | didn’t buy her a present. BOUGHT 13 1F Thad known it was her birthday, 1 ought... her a present. “Iwill cut the grass only if you give me some pocket money,’ said my son. nor ‘Iwill, cutthe grass.unless....... YOu give me Some pocket money,’ said my son. 7 14 ee[EI UNREAL PAST - WOULD RATHER — HAD BETTER A Unreal past (Present / Future) = If he were / was rich, he wouldn’t have to work. = J wish [ could help you. J wish we travelled to Spain every summer. sur: I wish we were travelling to Spain this summer. = only | knew where she is. = I would rather you went home now. 1 It’s (high / about) time you two stopped arguing, on: It's time for you two to stop arguing. (Nor: It’s high / about time for-youtwo-to-step-arguings | = Suppose / Supposing he asked you out, what would you say? = He behaves as if / as though he were the boss, but he’s actually just an accountant. = wish + different subject + would (wish for a future change | request, implying dissatisfaction or lack of hope) I wish it would stop raining. She wishes the children wouldn't spend so much time watching TV. Note: He wishes to see you. (= wants) ~ He wished me luck. (Past) = If he had driven more carejully, he wouldn't have crashed the car. = [wish | had listened 0 you. = Ifonly they hadn’t brought their children with them last night = She would rather the workers had finished last week. = Suppose / Supposing something had gone wrong, what would have happened? = She looked as if/as though she had seen a ghost. NOTE: The phrase “It’s (high / about) time” cannot be followed by the past perfect. Complete each sentence with two to five words, including the word given. 1 'm now sorry | didn’t speak to her. wis Inow wish | had spoken 2 Please don’t deliver the cake after six o'clock. RATHER I, _ Mould rather the cake before six o'clock. 3. I'm sorry that | wasn't able to pick you up from the station yesterday. cou I wish... ld nave picked, you up from the station yesterday. 4 Leo wants to travel around Europe instead of finding a job. RATHER LOO nnn WOuld rather travel around Europe than find a job. 5. I'm sorty, but | don’t want to go dancing tor raruer I'm sorry, but | would rather not go dancing tonight to her. 6 You should learn to use a computer now. HIGH s.,...lah Martin regrets not trying harder at school wistes Martin "hes, he had tre harder at school. use a computer. B Would rather (Present / Future) 1'd rather play chess (than watch TV). ) Isor:'d rather o-play | ened He'd rather not drive there. jas I'd rather you picked me up at seven. nor: I'd rather youse-piek ..J ae Vd rather she didn’t borrow my things all the time, (Past) ’d rather have gone to the cinema last night. ) same They would rather not have spent so much | subject money on furniture. J He would rather | had told him about it. | different I'd rather my brother hadn't lost the tickets. | subject = [Would sooner can be used instead of would rather.) = I'd rather call him than send him emails. 6: Id prefer to call him rather than send him er uso: | prefer calling him to sending him emails. C Had better (Present / Future) You'd better go there now / tomorrow. [vor: You'd better tego ...] on: It would be better (for you) to £0 «. She'd better not do that again. Had we better take a taxi? 1 Itwould have been better if you had woken) up earlier. ia ‘on: It would have been better (for you) to have woken up earlier. J 8 It’s almost midnight, so you ought to go to bed. BerreR It’s almost midnight, so you... nad bette : soon 10 bed. 9 I regret telling John about the trip. wis 1 wish hed’ John ne ‘rip, 10 It’s a pity you didn’t water the plants, ony If,.....,.9MM.xou had watered 11 He should have told us beforehand. verree It... better he had told us beforehand 12 My sister regretted getting married so young, RATHER MY SIE ad her. got married So young. 13. We are not going to the seaside with them, although we'd love to. WISH WE accnnnrnnMQl we wore going, to the seaside with them, 14. Ron, could you please stop complai WISH ROD, creel Mh stop complaining, the plant ng?These cars are made in Japan. Was the bill paid yesterday? The book will be published next month. ‘he bridge has been repaired. Had the report been checked? rent The locks won't have been changed by ects then. The curtains are being ironed now. The floor was being mopped at the time. [Modals - Be goi ing to The windows should be cleaned. When is the lit going to be repaired? [iraperative | Rooms must be booked well in advance. These plants mustn't be watered too oiten Infinitive / Gerund I'd like these trousers to be shortened. The suitcases should have been packed yesterday. | dislike being told what to do. Questions | What was discussed at the meeting? Who were you informed by? ‘on: By whom were you informed? What was the fire caused by? ‘on: By what was the fire caused? 2mal J 1 People say that old Mr Banks has found the treasure. fs said to have found, SAD (Old Mr Banks .... the treasure, ad, a Planes off by thick fog. PREVENTED. 3. The detective is looking into the case of the stolen | pa Complete each sentence with two to five words, including the word given. 2 Thick fog meant that planes could not take off. Two objects | The students were given a lot of homework. ox: A lot of homework was given to the students. {a1so wine: bring, buy, tell, send, show, offer, lend, promise, teach, etc.| Personal / Impersonal Construction Black cats are considered to bring bad luck. ox: Itis considered that black cats bring bad luck. He is said to be very rich. on: It is said he is very rich. He is thought to have lied in court. is thought that he lied in court. __[aiso wits believe, report, say, expect, find, know, etc.) [Let - See - Hear - Make | ‘They let him go. > He was allowed to go. We saw / heard them argue. -» They were seen / heard to argue. They made him confess. He was made to confess. By / With | The money was found by the police. ‘He was hit by a lorry. He was stabbed with a kitchen knife. Verbs followed by prepositions Grandad is going to be operated on tomorrow. {don’t like being stared at We get paid at the end of the month. The window got broken in the storm. You'd better lock the car or it might get stolen. = Your hair needs / wants cutting. (= needs to be cut) There are some letters to post /to be posted. 8 My parents didn’t let me play video games when 1 was younger. auown I lower fo play, video ‘games when | was younger. 9 Young people aren’t watching as much TV these days. warcieo Not so much TV... is bein young people these days. painting, 10 i painting tha house the wean d esl necessary? Investicareo The case of the stolen painting , is being, Have Does the house (realy, Investigated by... the detective. _ this weeker plant 4 Everyone thinks that Palmer will win the race, 1 took these photos while | was visiting Prague. Byricted Palmer is ,... expected fo be the winner WERE These photos... were taken during my. of the race. Visit to Prague. 5. The fees include the cost of books. 12. They are going to suggest a new plan at the meeting. s The cost of books ., pur Anew plan ie going 0 be put. : _ the fees. forward at the meeting, © It was raining heavily, so they postponed the trip to. 13 Who has written this article? the zoo. aeeN By. ... written? Owns The trip tothe z00 was psteenes.atlea®. 44 Children under 14 are not allowed to use the lif i usrad jeri ust The lift must nol be used. 7 They aren’t closing down that factory until next month. by children tinder 14, BEING, ‘nat. being slosed down, Ne That factory “i ".being closed de 15 {don't like people giving me orders. tuntil next moni oonc oT... dont ike being alven orders. 19A The ‘causative’ use of have / get [Tenses ‘She has / gets her nails polished once a week. (She doesn’t have / get... Does she have / get ..2) They had / got their roof repaired. (They didn’t have | get .., Did they have / get ..2) He will have / get his tooth filled tomorrow. haven't had / got my passport renewed yet. He had already had / got the locks changed. We will have had / got the furniture delivered by then. She is having | getting her portrait painted. They were having / getting new carpets fitted. I will be having / getting my eyes checked. Imperative Have / Get the parcel sent immediately. Don’t have / get your hair cut too short. Modal: ing to You should have / get your blood pressure taken more often. Imay have / get a new suit made. She is going to have / get the garden watered tomorrow. = | had / got my purse stolen yesterday. (sth unpleasant which we did not plan) = | had the children put away their toys. ‘on: ! got the children to put away their toys. Complete each sentence with two to five words, including the word given. 1 Someone broke into their flat the other day. HAD They __had ther fat broken, into the other day. 2. Did the hairdresser dye her hair blonde? pyeo Did she... blonde? 3. 'Not only is she pretty, but also clever,’ he said, som ‘She, he said. 4 The plumber is fixing our tap at the moment. KeD We tap fi at the moment. 5 Ihaven’t been for an eye test for over six years. HAD Thave ., for over six years, We were sent home as soon as we arrived. soon We... than, we were sent home. 7 They are going to hire someone to paint their house this summer. nave They are going {0,have thelr house painted. _ this summer. "THE ‘CAUSATIVE’ USE OF HAVE / GET - CONJUNCTIONS |— B Conjunctions | = ask / persuade / make sb do sth) 8 10 " 12 13 4 Both French and English are spoken in Canada, I ike both football and basketball We'll go to either Malta or Cyprus this summer. Either Paul or David can drive you home. Neither my mum nor my dad knows / know how t use a computer. bur: Neither my friends nor my relatives were her Neither eggs nor cheese are allowed in this di Whether we go out or stay at home makes no difference to me. I have no idea whether he saw the note or not. ‘on: I have no idea whether or not he saw the note. He is not only a teammate but also a good friend. ‘on: He is not only a teammate but a good friend too as well. They not only drove me to the station but also help. me carry my luggage. ‘on: Not only did they drive me to the station ... She‘had no sooner said that than she regretted it. ‘on: No sooner had she said that than The workers won't replace the roof until next month, REPLACED = We will until next month. Can you tell us if you're interested or not? on Can you tell us ,., whether or 90 terested? How often is your car serviced? nave How often ...... do. you have serviced? Mrs Carter's students were made to do a test. HAD Mrs Carter ad her students do... atest. He persuaded his son to cut the grass. cor He ... _got is son 0-cut the grass, The children were both dirty and hungry when th got home. ont The children were _ hungry when they got horn The story wasn’t funny or interesting, neuer The story... as interestingREPORTED SPEECH ~ RELATIVE CLAUSES | ‘A Reported Speech ‘8 like tennis,’ he said. —* He said (that) he liked tennis. ‘4’m going home," she said to me. -* She told me (that) she was going home. {JI see you tonight,’ he said. —» He said (that) he would see us that night. “They arrived yesterday,’ she saidl. -» She said (that) they had arrived the previous day / the day before. 8 ‘He can help us,’ I said, +I said (that) he could help us. {may —* might, must + must / had to, shall -» should, need —* had fo, needn’t -* needn't / didn’t have to) = Why are you crying?’ he said to me. + He asked me / wanted to know why I was crying. ‘Did you tell everyone?’ he said. ~» He asked if / whether Thad told everyone. «Stay here,’ he said to us. ~* He told | asked / ordered us to stay there. ‘Don't trust her,” he said to me. not to trust her. = “1 wish I had a car,” he said. ~* He said he wished he had acar. * He told / warned me it ‘Verbs used instead of say / tell ‘No, | didn’t read your diary,” he said to her. ~» He denied reading / having read her diary. ‘Vm sorty 1 broke your glasses,’ she said to me. -* She apologised for breaking my glasses. ‘Let's have a party,’ he said. —> He suggested having / suggested (that) we have / had a party. B Relative Clauses = The man who / that won the lottery gave half of the money to charity. The people (whom / who | that) we met on the train were from Sweden An ostrich is a bird which / that can’t fly. I haven't read the book (which / that) you lent me yet. He was an actor whose talent was remarkable. = The woman to whom I spoke promised to help me. ‘on: The woman (who / that) | spoke to promised to help me. '= That's the church where we got married. ‘on: That’s the church in which we got married. That's the church (which / that) we got married in, = My brother who / that lives in Paris is a dentist. (= Ihave more than one brother and the one who lives in Paris is a dentist — no commas) ‘My brother, who lives in Paris, is a dentist. (= Ihave only one brother. He lives in Paris and he is a dentist ~ commas) = He was born in a town the name of which I don't remember. ‘on: He was born in a town whose name I don’t remember. = He's got a lot of stamps, many of which are very rare. They interviewed several candidates, none of whom was suitable for the position. "ve got four cousins, all of whom are younger than me. Complete each sentence with two to five words, including the word given. eed S81 “Il call you back, Sam,’ she said tow She {ola Sam ( call him back. 218... 2 ‘Do not touch the red button,’ Laura said to the child. nor Laura, touch ti 3 All the students handed in their assignments on time, apart from Susan. WHo Susan was the only student who hand in her assignment on time. This is the flat where | lived two years ago. Wuick This is the flat ,_in which | lived / which | lived in two years ago. Two men she had never seen before were waiting to see her. Narmatn 3 /falled to Two men, neither of whom she hed, seen before, were waiting to see her. nthe} © ‘Your flight has been delayed,’ the man said to us ‘NFoRMED The man informed us our flight had been delayed. 7 ‘No, won't lend you my new jeans,’ my sister said to me. Reruse My sister new jean! home 8 The country with the red flag is China. wnose The country ,. is China, 9. He said, ‘I wish | lived somewhere else.’ wisHeo He said. (t! somewhere else, 10. ‘What do you do for a living?’ | said to him. asked asked him what he dl fora living, ‘Let's wait for him here,’ she said. suacestep She " there. those pictures on the wall. 13. The exam, whose results will be posted shortly, was very difficult. oF The exam, ., o will be posted shortly, was very difficult. 14 ‘I want to read the paper ~ have you finished with it?” he asked his wife. FINISHED He asked his wife if/wheth _ with the paper. the results of which,| ee JEL CLAUSES OF TIME, REASON, PURPOSE, RESULT, CONTRAST / CONCESSION, MANNER | ime | ‘Ask him to call me the moment / minute (that) he gets here. [Nor: .. the moment / minute (tha) he wilt get here.) | Grandma would give me sweets whenever | visited her. INor: ... whenever I-wold-visit her.) [nso win: before, afer, as soon as, as long as, when, till { until, while, by the time, as, just as, since, ever since, hardly / scarcely .. when, no sooner «then, et] 2 Reason He wasn’t given the position because of / on account of / due to / owing to his lack of experience. con: He wasn’t given the position because of / on account of / due to / owing to the fact that he | didn’t have any experience. [Purpose | I told him a joke to cheer / so as to cheer / in order to cheer him up. She sat under an umbrella $0 as not to get /in order not to get sunburnt. [Nor: ... umbrella-not-to-get sunburnt. Wash this jumper in cold water so that / in order that it doesn’t / won't shrink He studies really hard so that / in order that his marks can j may will improve. They set off early so that / in order that they could / would get there before lunchtime. COMPARE: |). She bought some paint to decorate the kitchen. paint so as to / in order to decorate the kitchen. [same subject] ii) She bought some paint for her husband to decorate the kitchen. [different subjects] ‘on: ... $0 that her husband could decorate the kitchen. = Jwon’t wear this bracelet for fear (that) 1 will | might lose it. He wore a hat and dark glasses for fear (that) someone might / would recognise him. He didn’t tell the children for fear of upsetting | them. = This is a machine for slicing bread. He got a knife to slice the bread with. on: Result] such (a / an) (+ adjective) + noun (+ that) He is such a clever boy (that) it’s a pleasure to teach him. They are such friendly people (that) we all like them. [nor: ... s0-friendly-people-..1 There’s such heavy traffic (that) we'll definitely be late. He is such an idiot (that) you can’t trust him to do the job properly. 0 + adjective / adverb (that) He was so excited about the trip (that) he couldn't sleep. She performed so well (that) she won first prize. a It was such a heavy box (that) I couldn’t lift it. on: [twas 0 heavy a box (that) | couldi’t lift it so + many / much / few / little + noun (that) such + a lot of + noun (that) There was so much fog (that) we couldn't see anything, on: There was such a lot of fog (thad .. ve got so little time (that) | can't help you now. [Contrast / Concession | = Although / Even though he had a map, he got lost. He had a map. He got lost, though. He had a map. However / Nevertheless, he got lost in spite of / despite + noun / gerund / the fact that In spite of / Despite their wealth, they never give ‘money to the poor. In spite of / Despite being wealthy, they . In spite of | Despite the fact that they are wealthy, they .« Whatever he says / may say, I won't believe him. ‘on: No matter what he says / may say, I won't [also wire: where, how, who, which) [Manner] ‘He sounds as if / as though he comes from the south. the may / may not be) She acts as if/ as though she were my mother. (but she isn’t)ost. hat hey ‘Complete each sentence with two to five words, including the word given. If the exercises hadn't been so difficult, | would have been able to do them. sucn—They.,,.,.Were such diffcutt exercises (that) | couldn't do them, The party was held despite her father’s absence, The party .fook place although | even though her father was absent. place As it had started to snow, the match was postponed. The match ,__ was put off because of | due to the snow. pur Leo took the train because he did not want to get stuck in traffic. Leo took the train not get stuck in traffic: mar 0 that he would, I had to type up all the reports before | could leave. um To. _.$9ulde't leave, had typed up all the reports. We drew the curtains to prevent the sunlight from coming in, so We drew the curtains .. _ not come in, 0,that the sunlight Sarah was too tired to go out. Sarah was s9\ited that sho could not go out. mat Although he was ill, he competed in the race. mu Despite ... (his) being il he competed in the race. The weather was so bad that the ships couldn’t sail There ’ that the ships couldn't sail. was Peter failed the test in spite of being well prepared for it ALTHOUGH Peter failed the test although he was well. 11 I kept quiet because | didn’t want to upset her. Nor kept quiet .in order 998 fo. s0 as.nol lo upset. her. 12. We went to the beach despite the bad weather. even We went to the beach gh the bad, weather was 13. He appeared to be in need of some rest. as though he needed, tHoucH He looked some rest. 14 The meal was simple, but it was tasty. tat In spite sno the fe the meal was simple, it was tasty. 15. So that.she could buy a new computer, Jane saved fifty euros a month. onvee Jane saved fifty euros a month {order to.be able to buy anew computer. 16 We jumped over a wall in order not to be seen. Fak We jumped over a wall for fear we might be, “Mould be | for fear, seen. alg 17. The moment | get there, I'll give you a call as soon as | get soon ll give you a call , .. there, 18 Annie won't listen to you whatever you say. marree Annie won't listen to you you (may) say. 19. Mary was such a careless driver that she caused a lot of accidents. DROVE Mary she caused a lot of accidents. 20 He has health problems and can’t work any more. account He can't work any more ,.on.gecount of hs, health problems.AMG] PARTICIPLES, INVERSION A Participles (Forms a present participle: cleaning, taking past participle: cleaned, taken perfect participle: active: passive: having cleaned, having been cleaned, having taken having been taken [Present participles | “Tsaw them Teaving. We felt the ground shaking. | [aiso wins: hear, watch, notice, smell) | a We saw / heard / watched them asking for directions. (= we saw / heard / watched them as they were asking for directions) | We saw / heard / watched them ask for directions. (= we saw / heard / watched them ask for directions | and then they left.) | They found the escaped prisoner hiding in the forest. [atso wines catch, feave] = Dad is busy checking the bills right now. = We spent hours wandering around the streets of Rome. | He wasted all his fortune gambling. Past participles Exhausted by the long journey, he fell asleep right away. ‘As he was exhausted ...) Perfect participles = Having thought about what you said, | decided not to do anything for the time being, Having been painted recently, the house looked really nice. Complete each sentence with two to five words, including the word given. 1 Lrealised | had forgotten my wallet only after | left. oD Only after... L Thad forgotten my wallet. 2 Ihad never seen such a bad accident before. SEEN Never such a acc 3. We couldn't speak French, so we found an interpreter. ase Not ....,.belng able fo. speak French, we found an interpreter. 4 It took me four days to paint the house. ser, four da the house. 5. She had to use a neighbour's phone as hers was out of order. 3 weNc Her phone ,..... being out of order, she had to use a neighbour's, 6 As well as leaving his keys at work, he lost his umbrella ewe Notonly dhe leaves keys. at work, but he also lost his umbrella. Participles replacing clauses] = The man driving the car was rather old. (= The man who was driving ...) The jewellery kept in the safe is priceless. (= The jewellery which is kept in the safe ...) 1 hurt my back (while) cleaning up the garage. while I was cleaning up ...) = After swimming / After having swum / Having swum in the cold sea, he felt refreshed. (= After he had swum ...) Having left her keys at work, she couldn’t get into hi flat. (= As she had left ...) = Not wanting to scare them, he didn’t say anything. (= Because he didn’t want to scare them, ...) = Used day and night, this cream will help you look younger. (= Ifit is used day and night, .) B Inversion = Never (before) have I met with such rudeness. [ais wrrs: rarely, seldom, hardly / scarcely .. wh no’sooner ... than] = Only in this way will he realise how serious the situation is, [aso wir: only in, only by, only then, only .. but also) = Only after she spoke to the doctor did her fears disappear. [150 writ: only if/ when, not until) = Under no circumstances must you reveal the plan to anyone. [also wink: not often, not once, at no ti on no account| «= Little did he know that the police were after him. ‘= So upset was she that she couldn't stop crying. So beautifully did she sing that we were all amazed. ‘= Such a lovely day was i¢ that I dcn’t want to stay i 7 You shouldn’t do that under any circumstances. No Under.,, 8 They were making so much noise that the whole street woke up. wert ' So. nnotee we ki that the whole street woke up. 9 Vegetables are good for your health when you e% them fresh. caren Vegetables ............28ten fresh ar ‘good for your health. 10. {could never be so mean to you, not for any reasi Account On... in could | ever be so mean to you. 11 People who apply for the job must be over twent arptyine People applying for the job must be over twenty 12. Itwas such a dirty restaurant that I'll never go agall was Such a dirty restaurant. was it that Vl never go again.practice Test 1 - READING & USE OF ENGLISH RTT questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, 6, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example yum: A put off B died off C passed by D passed away INDIAN SUMMER Captain Majendie had bought the villa in India on his honeymoon, when he was in the British army there, and when he (0) ..... , his widow went out to India to (1) .... some time there. Stuart had known Majendie for years, so he felt he should write to $ h the widow and offer his sympathy (2)... he had never met her. Back in England, ie Stuart received a letter from her, in which she expressed a desire to meet him. 'I shall be leaving India at the (3) ... of June,” she wrote, ‘and I have a lot of business to attend to. Howard always told me you were his closest friend, so I (4) .... you can help me with all the official (5) ... that needs attention. | shall be in Italy for the summer; if you do not already (6) plans, | would be pleased if you could join me there.’ Stuart felt obliged to (7)... his plans for a trip to Ireland and three weeks later found himself in a boat crossing Lake Como, in northern Italy, (8)... for Mrs Majendie’s house. 1A pass @® spend C stay D waste ie 2 @even though B despite C asif D in spite 3A finish B ending C last i Mend reas 4 @pbope B desire © demand D wish 5 A certificate B papers : © paperwork D paper twent 6 A make @have C set D organise 7 @ecancet B cut C stop D break @ heading B directing C moving D goingPractice Test 1 & Use of English - Parts 2 PART 2 For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each: There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. comet: BITTE EL GROWING PAINS The teenage years are often a challenging and difficult time for parents, presenting (0) of how to maintain their children’s respect and obedience, but at the (9) .....SAME...... time, allow their indepen to increase. It's quite normal (10) .....FOR....., children to be disobedient in some way, as they too probably find awkward and confusing time, Generally, it’s best to treat defiance calmly, unless it’s causing serious disruption at hi or school. Two things that parents should try to avoid doing (11) ,..,,, WITH. (12) ....109...... strict, and secondly, to try to be ‘one of the kids’. Both these things (13). bigger divisions and differences. The key lies (14) ln Keeping up good levels of communication on both sides. Parents need to | (15), to let their teenager know when they disapprove of something, (16) ,,, WITHOUT... being so critic negative that their child feels ignored or pushed away. their teenagers are, firstly, to become _ only ct PART 3 For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to ‘a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. Example: [fj I LTT) KNOWLEDGE FOR ALL The (0)... idea of a grammar school in England was tooffer children preparation fora ORIGIN career at university or for a job where Latin was a (17) REQUIREMENT, . To be a lawyer's clerk, for REQUIRI example, a person (18) , TRADITIONALLY needed this subject. Although most grammar schools have been TRADITI |_of which was seen in England in the 1960s, _ INTRO! replaced by comprehensive schools, the (19) there are still some grammar schools (20)... REMAINING. REMAIN is one which many people have some EDUCA The whole concept of a comprehensive (21) ...£ (22) ,OBJECTION(S).. to. Such a system is intended to take in all the children of the appropriate age, who OBJECT live within the district, (23) , REGARDLESS of academic standard. Therefore, in theory, all children are REGARD) i given the same opportunity to be (24) ,, SUCCESSFUL... SUCCEEI18 Test 1 Reading & Use of English - Part 4 3 ‘i ‘ach gp, questions 25-30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the given, Do not change the word given, You must use between two and five words, including the word given. is an example (0). le Ihe didn’t have a computer, he wouldn't be able to manage. vo He could ., acne his computer. prol endghe gap can be filed by the words ‘not do without’, so you write: [\xorbownnour ine mfrite only the missing words IN CAPITAL LETTERS. ya 25 I thought the weather would be colder than this to | cow siti Is not, Wn _. it would be. 26 ‘Don't ever do that again!” she said to her brother. Wave She... on x do that again. to 27 She cooked more food than was necessary for the party. so She needn't HAVE COOKED so Much FOOD _ for the party. 26 I'm sure Chris didn’t mean to hurt your feelings. IwreNTION I'm sure Chris WURTING._.... Your feelings. GIN yuine) 29 Although she was rich, she was very down to earth, seme om Ina. SPITE OF (HER) BEING. rich, she was very down to earth, ROI ‘ 30 People say she cannot keep a secret. AAIN uNaBte Shes ‘SAID / KNOWN TO BE UNABLE TO keep a secret.Practice Test 1 Reading & Use of English ~ PART 5 You are going to read an extract from a novel. For questions 31-36, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you fits best according to the text. A MATTER OF LIFE AND DEATH Neil Sanders was a prisoner. He had committed a crime while on duty as a soldier and was being taken to prison by an officer, Captain Bilham, As it happened, they were both from Scotland. However, Neil came from the Highlands, while Captain Bilham had been born in Glasgow. Nevertheless, they had agreed to forget their differences as the train journey was long and it would be easier for them both if they didn’t argue. What really helped them get on well was Neil’s pocket chess set. They played game after game ~ probably over a hundred in all — and they were both about the same level. Captain Bilham could remember openings and endings from some of the great games in the history of chess. He had a wonderful memory and liked teaching: he said that was what made him such a good officer. They started talking together, almost becoming friends. They were on a train crossing Egypt, where the British army was stationed at that period of World War Il. When they got to Cairo they would never see each other again. Bilham told Neil that he was being sent there on a special mission, but he wouldn't go into details about it. Neil would be put in prison. He might even be hanged. As they talked, Captain Bilham started to feel that Neil wasn't a bad person at all ~ that although Neil had shot and killed a British army officer he shouldn't really be a prisoner. But the circumstances ‘were unusual. The officer had been stupid: he had tried to force his men into a situation where they would all be killed. The officer, it seemed, had gone mad. He had even pulled out his gun and threatened to shoot his own men if they refused to approach the enemy. Neil, a sergeant, had seen very clearly that the officer was going to get them all killed. There had been a battle going on; guns had been firing all round them. Neil had shot the officer, saving the lives of the twenty men in his g] company but perhaps sacrificing his own. {He would probably be hanged for this crime. The court might give him twenty years in prison, but Captain Bilham doubted it. This was wartime, and even though Neil’s superior officer had been a complete fool, he had still been an officer. his chest. Neil wondered if he might have heart problems. Captain Bilham asked him to get some white tablets out of his bag, and Neil jumped up to do so. But when he turned round with the small bottle in his hand, he saw that Captain Bilham had stopped breathing. He was half lying on his seat, | his eyes still open ~ but he was obviously dead. Neil’s first reaction was to feel sorry for him. | | Suddenly, Captain Bilham felt ill. His face turned white and he started sweating. His hand went to | Then he began to feel afraid. They would think he had done it!Reading & Use of English - Part 5 in Bilham @ liked explaining B used to be a teacher. C cheated when he played chess by remembering old games. D_ won most of the chess games they played. Neil had shot an officer @ who had been behaving irresponsibly. B_ because he hadn't wanted to fight. because the officer had shot at him. D because he had wanted to be an officer himself. In what way had Neil perhaps sacrificed his own life? A He had risked being shot by the officer, 2 B The other men might have shot him. C He could have been killed in the fighting. @ He might now be executed. Why did Captain Bilham’s hand go to his chest? A to find his tablets B_ because he felt hot to unbutton his jacket © because he felt a pain there How did Neil immediately feel when he realised that Captain Bilham was dead? A. hopeful that he might escape ® pity for him C worried that he would be blamed D relieved that he was dead tthe end of the extract, what did Neil think people would assume? @ that he had killed the Captain B that the Captain had died of a heart attack € that Neil had stolen the tablets D that Neil was afraidPractice Test 1 Reading & Use of English - PART 6 You are going to read an article about education. Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (37-42). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to u: A LESSON IN EDUCATION You could say that the modern education system in Britain is based on equality. All boys and girls, whether they are wealthy or not, are entitled to an education. However, it was not always like this. ZA ® In the early Middle Ages, education was mainly the responsibility of the church. It was, therefore, only boys intending to become priests or monks who benefited from formal learning. Grammar schools followed in the 12th century. First opened by the church to teach Latin grammar to boys, by the 16th century such schools also taught the languages and literature of the ancient Greeks and Romans. However, they were no longer run solely by the clergy, but by merchant and. trade associations as well. EZ] 2 In fact, before the late 1800s, girls had little or no opportunity at all to receive a formal education. The poorer classes were also discriminated against. While the sons of wealthier families attended exclusive ‘public schools’, the majority of the poor stayed at home. This problem was first addressed in the 1700s with the introduction of ‘charity schools’ which provided free teaching and clothing for the children of the poor. @ A type of modern-day ‘monitor’ can still be found in some British schools today. Although they are not responsible for teaching lessons, these monitors, or ‘prefects’ as they are now more commonly called, help to discipline the younger students and teach them the rules of the school. In 1870, elementary education was introduced by William Forster. ‘Elementary’ means basic, and the aim was to teach students the basics of reading, writing and arithmetic, or the three ‘Rs’ as they were known, Unlike charity schools, which were located mainly in towns and cities, primary schools were built throughout the country so that more children could receive an elementary education. Many children, however, were still unable to go to these schools; since their families were so poor, they had to work instead. EJ F All children, male and female, whether wealthy or not, had to attend primary school until the age of eleven. In 1918, a new law was introduced to raise the school-leaving age. It meant that any student who failed to be accepted into grammar school would still be entitled to a free education up until the age of fourteen. EJ & Students now had to go to schoo! until they were at least fifteen years old, and new ‘secondary schools’ were developed. At the age of eleven all children would be made to take an examination, The successful candidates would immediately begin grammar school, while the less successful students would attend the new secondary schools. BE 4 Nowadays, most grammar and secondary schools have been replaced by comprehensive schools. Comprehensive schools welcome students of all abilities, so there is no longer any need for eleven-year-olds to take a special test. Although grammar schools still exist in some places, comprehensive education, which is generally considered to be the fairest system, offers a high standard of education to all,sh - Pifactice Test 1 s Reading & Use of English - Part 6 rose 0 use, A Although many people were against it, this system continued ‘ for almost thirty years, > B_ Free education was introduced only at the beginning of the 20th century. ‘ i C Although the majority of British schools continue to be i state-run, the government is actively encouraging them to i beconie more independent and to take greater control of their own affairs. d D_ It wasn’t until almost four hundred years later that grammar t schools opened their doors to female students. d in E Less than thirty years later, the education policy was ’ changed again d F For this reason, ten years later, elementary education was made compulsory. © e G_ It was in these schools that older students learned from the * teachers and then passed their knowledge on to the younger y students.rr Practice Test 1 Reading & Use of English - Pa You are going to read an article about how people of other nationalities see the English lifestyle. For ques 43-52, choose from the people (A-D). The people may be chosen more than once. Which of the people thinks the English are polite? feels that the political system in their own country should be different? believes there have been some positive changes? doesn't like the traditional English drink? : had thought English people were all fair-minded? thinks the English make polite conversation about trivial things? arrived in England more than thirty years ago? likes to play a particular sport? says that people in their own country have a nickname for the English? says their fellow countrymen are better at a particular sport? BjJ Laszlo Zabor (Budapest, Hungary) simple and not much to talk about. Here in England, however, where the weather is just dull and grey all year round — with possibly one sunny week in July, subject. All conversations seem to start with a reference to the kind of weather we're having, have had, or are going to have. ‘Turned out nice again, hasn't it’ ‘It looks like the rain might hold off.’ ‘It’s a nice day for it Whatever the ‘it’ refers to, And on it goes. At bus stops, complete strangers, who ‘wouldn't ordinarily give you the time of day, suddenly open up and want to become your lifelong. fiends if you mention the ‘w'-word. 1 don't think I'l ever get used to it” B Ted Schuman (Washington DC, USA) “There used to be a time when everything stopped for ‘elevenses’ and afternoon tea. | remember when | frst arrived in London, back in the 70s, the entire London Underground was on strike: the workers were demanding time for a tea break! In fact, the whole country seemed to run according to a tea timetable. If this happened in other countries, there would probably be a revolution. And then when | decided to try a ‘cuppa’, as the Brits affectionately «all it, | was horrified. It came in a plastic cup, was lukewarm, sickly sweet and had milk in it! | almost threw up. Nowadays, some of my English friends actually admit to preferring coffee and, believe it or Not, you can even get a decent cup of espresso here in London! How times have changed!” ‘Back home in Hungary we have seasons. Winter is freezing cold, summer is hot and dry, and in between come spring and autumn. It’s all very if you're lucky ~ everyone is obsessed by the C Tanako Ozawa (Tokyo, Japan) ‘We Japanese are, by nature, reserved and polite — probably too polite sometimes. At school, | remember learning about England and about how polite and considerate the English were. So when | finally came here to work, | was really looking forward to playing a round or two of golf with my English colleagues. Once, when | was at a golf club somewhere in the Midlands, | was very shocked to find that video cameras had been installed. The club chairman explained that this had been done to stop players cheating and claiming a hole-in-one. It’s just not cricket!’ he said. ‘If we allowed this to go on, our club would get a bad reputation and people would stop coming.’ It was then that | realised it was wrong to have these stereotyped images of people.’ D Rod Standish (Melbourne, Australia) “There’s always been a healthy rivalry between us and the English ~ or ‘poms’ as we call them. We usually thrash England at cricket, which is always cause for great celebration amongst the ‘Aussies’ living over here. What we Australians can’t stand about the English is their superior attitude and their Royal Family. Most English people still think we're all criminals or ex-convicts. As for the Queen, she might be head of their country ~ although I never understood precisely what job she does ~ but she certainly shouldn't be the head of ours. If Australia were an independent republic, life would be much better for us. Reading & Use of English - Part 7Practice Test 1 Writing - Parts 1 WRITING PART 1 You must answer this question. Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. 1 In your English class, you have been talking about the benefits of travelling abroad. Now your English teach asked you to write an essay for homework. ‘Write your essay using all the notes and giving reasons for your point of view. is it better to have a holiday abroad or in your own country? Notes Write about: 1 which is cheaper 2 — which is more educational Sete (your own idea) PART 2 Write an answer to one of the questions 2-5 in this part. Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate 2 You have seen this announcement in an intemational magazine. MY FAVOURITE PASTIME Tell us about your favourite pastime and say why you think itis important for people to have an interest. We will publish the most interesting articles next month. Write your article. 3. This is part of a letter you received from your English friend, Sophie. Guess what? Mum and Dad say | can get a pet! The only problem is, | don’t know what kind to get— I’m not sure what would be best since | don’t have a lot of free time, and also our flat isn’t very big. What do you think? Write your letter. 4 You have seen this announcement in an international magazine for schools. Stories Wanted We are looking for stories for our new online magazine for teenagers. Your story must begin with this sentence: Joe was really excited as he had never been to a live concert before. Your story must include: * a lost ticket © a meeting with somebody famous Write your story. 5 Answer the following question based on the set book. Write an article for your school magazine in which you describe the most remarkable scene in the book and ex why you will always remember it. Write your article.Listening - Part 1 LISTENING ach You hear a man and a woman arguing in the street. Why is the man angry? ‘A The woman has taken his private parking space. B_ The woman has bumped into his car. © The woman refuses to move her car. You heer a spokesman for an environmental group, What is his main concern? A lack of public interest in green issues @ lack of government funds for environmental projects, € the cost of pollution in the city You hear a person talking about changing jobs. ‘What is his main reason for wanting a change? A He has a health problem. @ He wants more money. He has relatives in another country. iate You hear a travel agency advertising a holiday on the radio, srest. | What kind of holiday is it? @ an adventure holiday B acnuise aworking holiday You hear part of a telephone call. What does the woman want the other person to do? A. donate money B try anew product answer some questions You hear a mother phoning her daughter’s school What is she mainly concerned about? A her daughter's exam results B_ bullying at school © the Easter trip to France You hear two people talking about a programme they saw on TV, What was the main issue? ® pollution in cities B problems with the underground system. © better parking facilities for motorists You hear an architect talking on the radio. What sort of project is he going to be involved in? A. anew bank B anew school nd ex ©a new housing complex will hear people talking in eight different situations. For questions 1-8, choose the best answer (A, B or C).k= 36 —— Practice Test 1 iu Listening - Parts 2 PART 2 Questions 9-18 ‘You will hear a talk about a cruise holiday. For questions 9-18, complete the sentences with a word or short phra TIME Cruises with Sunpacked Travel are available no matter what (9) of year it is. There are special reductions for old-age pensioners and families with children younger than (10) .... se With its breathtaking scenery, the most popular destination is (11) -..m. SQANDINAMA........ There are special facilities on board all the ships including (12) .....: PHARMACY... which is available for anyone who feels ill. ‘A crew member will take care of cleaning and booking tables in the restaurant as well as washing and (13) ital clothes, Entertainment includes a cinema, cabaret, disco and casino as ee (14) vo every secor night. Passengers are instructed in (15) Sarat ... Measures at the beginning of each cruise. POST OFFICE. Other facilities available include a full banking service, ship-to-shore telephone and a (16) BAD WEATHER conditions. Mobile phones will often not operate in (17) Bookings can be made by calling (18) PART 3. Questions 19-23 You will hear five short extracts in which people are talking about their holidays. For questions 19-23, choose fror list (4-H) what each speaker says. Use the letters only once, There are three extra letters which you do not need to! A [bought gifts for other people. BI didn’t like the food. speaker1 © [XJ CL was slightly disappointed with the place | went to. Speaker2 & El) D had a terrible holiday. Speaker3 © J was injured during my holiday. Speaker4 G F I didn’t get on with the locals. speaker 5 A G I spent too much money. H_ [thought the locals were a bit crazy.8 tice Test 1 _Listening - Part 4 PART 4 ions 24-30 hraseyoy wil n between two friends about redecorating a bedroom. For questions 30, choose the best answer (A, B or C). Mandy spent a lot of money on ‘A. redecorating the bedroom. B four or five paints of different colours. © magazines and colour charts. Mandy is upset because sill ‘A. she spent the whole evening painting. B she has a problem finishing the ceiling. © she doesn't like the colour of the paint. ‘Mandy didn’t tell Steve she was redecorating because . econ) A. he's in Brussels until Tuesday. | she wanted it to be a surprise, © he would be shocked. Sarah offers to help Mandy A paint the bedroom before Sunday. paint the bedroom on Sunday. C paint the bedroom that night. Mandy has a headache because A. she doesn’t know what colour paint to use. the colour of the paint she used is too bright. C she has to redecorate the bedroom. ‘from What colours does Sarah think would be better? A peach or blue green or blue © peach or orange Sarah suggests using these colours because A she saw them in a magazine. B she thinks they affect her mood. © they can help you relax and feel calm,| mana Practice Test 1 PART 1 (2 minutes) (Candidates A and B) SPEAKING Listen to your teacher and answer his / her questions. © First like to know something about you. * Where are you from? (Candidate A) And you? (Candidate B) Select one or more questions from any of the following categories, as appropriate: Things you lke What do you lke to do at weekends? What kind of films do you lke? * Do you enjoy eating out? (Why?) * Do you like spending time on your own? (why?) PART 2 (approximately 4 minutes) (Candidates A and B) Special occasions How did you celebrate your last birthday? What's your favourite celebration or festival in your country? Who do you normally celebrate with on special occasions? Have you got anything special planned for this wookend? 1 Performances Listen to your teacher and follow his / her instructions. In this part of the test, 'm going to give each of you two photographs. I'd like you to talk about your photogrephs on your own for abd ‘minute, and also to answer a question about your partner's photographs. (Candidate A), i's your turn frst. Here are your photographs. They show diferent types of performances. 17d like you to compare the photographs, and say why you think people would enjoy watching performances like these. Why would people enjoy watching performances like these? Thank you. —— « entertaining al performance * casual setting but enjoyable * inexpensive and unique (Candidate B), which of these performances would you rather watch? (Why?) Speaking - Parts 1 Note: The instructions and questions which are printed in grey appear in the teacher's book only. Media * Do you use the internet a lot? (Why?) * How often do you watch TV during week? * What TV programme do you watch 0 regular basis? (Why?) * Do you ever listen to the radio? (Why 2 Studying * fantastic costumes * quality acting on stag * an entertaining night * great atmosphereSpeaking - Part 2 51 @pactice Test 1 , (Candidate 8), here are your photographs. They show different methods of studying. ike you to compare the photographs, and say how you think these students feel about these study methods. How do these students feel about these study methods? ‘oy 9 t find it ol-fashioned * prefer modern methods Used to familiar classroom setting + use of technology makes it more interesting | focused on subject ‘+ happy to share opinions | od bored and unexcited; nothing + relaxed and free to explore for themselves | diferent or interesting * confident about using computers under pressure trom the teacher « better working with partner nk you nate A), which method of studying do you prefer? (Why?) iPractice Test 1 Speaking - Parts PART 3 (approximately 4 minutes) (Candidates A and B) | Changes in People’s Attitudes structions. Follow your teacher's i Now,’ like you to talk about something together for about two minutes. rd.ke you to imagine that you are going away to university and will be sharing a furnished flat with a friend. You need to buy some ad items. Hore are some of the items you need and @ question for you to discuss. First, you have some time to look at the task. ‘Now, talk to each other about how necessary each item is. EERE ea >) ‘a telephone & answering machir * if you have a mobile phone, then these not necessary alth they might be che: + Essential for studying. * Some academic books are = needed for university work. How necessary is each item? ( stereo \ [+ seta for relaxing and x * You definitely need one to do researd listening to music, but and to type your projec. ‘music Is available on / \\ | « People atso communicate, listen to the Intore / \\ | and play games using computers. ve \ * Useful to have your favourite © Useful o relax and watch TV programmes ‘music to relax, but music is ‘or DVDs, but this can also be done with a available on the Internet. Computer, so they are not necessary. CDs TV & DVD player \ mee ae Thank you. Now you have about a minute to decide which two items you should buy. Thank you. PART 4 (approximately 4 minutes) (Candidates A and B) Listen to your teacher and answer his / her questions. — Select any ofthe following prompls, as appropriate: Use the following questions, in order, as appropriate. '» What do you think? # And you? # Do you agree? ‘© Do you think people spend too much money on things they don’t Do you save money? Which do you think is better, to save of need? (Why?) spend? (Why?) ‘+ What kind of things do you spend your money on? « Ityou suddenly won a lot of money, what would you do with + In your opinion, should young people do chores in order to receive pocket money?ats ractice Test 2 B orderly © properly D correct BEFORE YOU BUY Do you know what to do if you buy something new and it docs not work (0) 3 a (1)... avoided. Before you (2) . for and how much you can afford. Shop around and compare prices and other factors i sa Cafe, many consumer problems can be over your money, decide what you are looking (for example, after-sales service). Thin that have a good (4) ... it (3) saersnnen first, and try to go to shops --» for treating their customers decently. ha Getting a satisfactory outcome from (5) . a complaint can sometimes be easy ~ but not always. If you have a valid complaint, you have the right to have the problem dealt (6) Most traders do act (7) .. and try to resolve complaints effectively. However, it can sometimes be difficult to get a problem sorted out, particularly if the item was expensive, but do not give up. With a little bit of (8) . you can probably get a refund or possibly even a replacement, 1A bit @®iiittle C tiny \ D small 2 A give B move ©hband D push 3 @through B thorough C completely D seriously se | 4 @reputation B fame i D position fi 5 Apresenting B doing C giving © making 6 @with B in C on D to = 7 A tightly ® fairly C just D correct ‘owith A struggle B force ©effort D powerrr a 2 Practice Test 2 sia Reading & Use of English - Pats 2 PART 2, For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. Bample: AT ® [0] pa Ts eset a) ] RHINO CONSERVATION Recently there has been growing concern (0)... the disappearance of rhinos in the wild. Rhino horn are always rising due to the large profits (9) THAT WHICH can be made. Five species of rhino are already extinct, a the remaining species are dangerously close to becoming extinct. Population estimates make depressing reading: | rhinos 1,500; Sumatran under 300; Javan less than 60. Throughout Africa, black rhino numbers have dropped hundreds of thousands a century (10), __ to today’s figure of around 3,600. Only white rhinos are incre under South Africa’s successful management policy. Some rhino populations survive in safari parks and reserves, but (11) (ALTHOUGH | Kenya’s white rhinos are ch are other th guarded, it is impossible to completely protect (12)... ZHEM..... from poachers, (13) (14) 5.700... 3 5 of the last 60 Javan rhinos were killed by (15) i€__ unknown infectious disease. Conservation measures are being discussed all the time, but these can only succeed (16) .f|.WHEN... they 80 A ‘PRON in hand with trade control. VIDING PART 3 For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to a word that fits in the gap in the same line, There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. sample: EUTOTeTtTHT TT TTT TT itt) INFORMATION FOR PARENTS The Morley Grove (0) club is located behind the Safeco YOUNG Supermarket on Wood Lane. It is open (17) .....PAILY....... from 3 pm to 7 pm DAY except for Sundays, and children from twelve to sixteen are welcome. We feel it would be irresponsible of us to accept children under twelve. On the other hand, the over-sixteens, who have a (18) ..,ENDENCY._. to‘cause problems, are TEND often (19) ,_,IMPOSSIBLE., for staff to control. POSSIBLE Our (20) ,,,, INTENTION. is to provide a safe environment so that working INTEND parents can feel secure in the (21). KNOWLEDGE. that their child is at our youth KNOW club, (22) ADDITIONALLY, while we encourage children under our supervision ADDITION to do the (23) , HOMEWORK. set by their teachers, we also provide them with HOME the opportunity to learn about ‘teamwork’ through games and other group (24) .,,.AG ACTReading & Use of English - Part 4 4 questions 25-30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the wn. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and \cluding the word given. give 8 gi iB 8 ch ve words, js an example (0). Ifhe didn’t have a computer, he wouldn’t be able to manage. 0. He could se his computer. e gap can be filled by the words ‘not do without’, so you write: ple: [J[NorbowmHour rite only the missing words IN CAPITAL LETTERS. 25, The concert hall is still under construction after two years. BUILT i The concert hall __JS STILL BEING BUILT _ after two years. 26 | cook dinner every night for six people and I'm sick of it. lam , go dinner every night for six people. 27. My mother was unable to come to a decision about the colour. suo My mother was Unable ...cnnnnne0,MAK ‘Ga TO Make HER MiND UP) about the colour. to 28 He didn’t have enough time to finish the test paper. 100 There was TOO.LITTLE TIME FOR HIM. cenusn (0 finish the test paper. 29 You should be more polite to your teacher. nor You ShOUIE sss NOT BE SO RUDE (IMPOUTE a. assen 10 yOUr teacher. 30 We'll have to save some money each month for our holidays. AsiDE We'll have to sn SET PUTASIDE, a. Some money each month for our holidays.Practice Test 2 Reading & Use of English - PART 5, You are going to read an extract from a novel about a young boy’s experience at an English boarding For questions 31-36, choose the answer (4, 5, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text. TOUGH EDUCATION When Antonio, the new Spanish boy, first came to our school, it was obvious that he was different. | He looked different, spoke with an accent and, above all, he seemed nervous. He sat next tome and, at first, he couldn’t speak much English. Somehow we managed to communicate in Latin, which he | had also learnt at school. That night, when we all went to bed in our dormitory, | noticed that Antonio, | whose bed was next to mine, was crying. For a while, the same thing happened every night. During the day, however, Antonio seemed fine; he worked hard in class and joined in the games. Gradually, his English improved. But he still cried every ni nt to bed, He and | became quite good friends. Then, one morning, he told me that, in future, he was going to speak only Spanish, except to me because | was his friend. Of course, | thought he was joking, but he wasn’t. The next lesson was maths, and when the teacher asked Antonio a question, he answered in Spanish, It was the correct answer, but naturally all the boys laughed. Yet Antonio wasn’t joking; he refused to answer in English no matter what the teacher said. Suddenly, the laughter stopped. The teacher got furious and took Antonio to see the headmaster. When | saw Antonio again later that afternoon, his eyes were red and he couldn't sit down; the headmaster had punished him in the usual way for disobedience by beating him with a cane. Then Antonio told me about his situation. He had already mentioned that his mother, who was Spanish, lived in London. What he hadn't told me was that his father was dead. Antonio thought that his ‘t possibly know how unhappy he was. She would never make him stay in the school i she did, So he wanted to run away to tell her. Then, she would take him away and he would be happy again. It may sound incredible, but in those days — almost half a century ago — parents used to leave their children at school at the start of term and then not see them again until term ended. Pupils were allowed to keep in touch with their parents, of course, but any letters they wrote were read by the teachers to make sure that nothing bad was said in them about the school. Pupils weren't allowed to use the telephone either, So there really wasn’t any way for parents to know how their children were getting on at school. Antonio put his plan into action, and | didn’t see him for almost a week. But then, suddenly he was back, looking terrible. He was miserable and looked thinner (he told me later he hadn't eaten for days, and had attempted to walk to London from the school ~ a ridiculous distance of over one hundred and fifty miles). For a long time Antonio refused to tell me what had happened during his attempt to escape. But finally he admitted that although he had actually managed to get to London and see his mother, to his despair she wasn’t going to take him away from the school. It wasn’t that she was cruel or unfeeling — she had cried while telling Antonio how she felt - but she thought it would do him good Jo stay and get over his weakness: English schools were good at helping people do that.Reading & Use of English - Part 5 What was Antonio's biggest problem when he first arrived at the school? 3 sd @ his nervousness B his accent his appearance D the fact that he had learnt Latin What was Antonio's reason for starting to speak only Spanish? A to make his mother unhappy @ to show he was unhappy € to play a joke on his friends D to impress his teachers How did the headmaster punish Antonio? ‘A by making him stand up @® by physical punishment C by shouting until Antonio cried D_by making him speak English again ‘What was Antonio counting on when he ran away? @ his mother’s sympathy B his mother’s anger with the headmaster the fact that his mother was also Spanish D the headmaster’s understanding of his situation What is meant by ‘Antonio put his plan into action’ in line 272 - ‘A He persuaded his mother to take him away. 8. He walked almost all the way to London. © He escaped from the school and went to see his mother. D He stayed away from the school for over a week. What did Antonio’s mother apparently feel would be the benefit of his staying at the school? ‘A. He would learn English properly @ He would develop strength of character. C He would never run away again : D He would mix with English boys.a Practice Test 2 Reading & Use of English - PART 6 You are going to read a newspaper article about pollution in Europe. Six sentences have been removed from the art Choose from the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (37-42). There is one extra sentence which you do not m to use. GASPING FOR BREATH ‘Among the children of Europe's cities, asthma is becoming a health problem of almost epidemic proportions. [fq © In addition, a world conference is also scheduled in St Petersburg in June. Although exact figures are difficult to come by, studies, such as the British Royal Commission Report ‘on Environmental Pollution published late last year, indicate that asthma has doubled over the past twenty years, with a five-fold increase among children. as well as various other studies, has concluded that pollutants from exhaust fumes and industrial complexes can make an existing condition worse. Doctors are quick to point out other possible explanations, such as exposure to cigarette smoke and improvements in diagnosing and reporting the disease, but these alone do not account for the increase. F However, the Commission Report, Some studies indicate that changes in lifestyle may be even more significant than the increase in pollution levels. EJ A She concluded that ‘westernisation’ was a factor: more time spent indoors, arise in the number of dust mites caused by fitted carpets, air-conditioning and the fabrics used in luxurious furnishings. However, traffic fumes are increasingly coming under scrutiny. While the links between asthma and pollution have not yet been established beyond doubt, the medical profession is more or less agreed that chemicals in exhaust fumes make existing respiratory problems worse. It is thought that high doses of these fumes can cause health problems ranging from heart and lung disease to cancer. Dr Peter Burney, epidemiologist at St Thomas’ Hospital in London, is the author of a report on asthma which was commissioned by the EU. In this report, Burney analyses the prevalence of the disease in towns and cities throughout Europe. JJ © However, links between pollution and chronic bronchitis or other lung diseases are already well-established. ‘tn recent years, there has been a shift in the scientific community from making vague comments about possible factors, to determining more definite links between pollutants, illness and mortality rates,’ says Dr Simon Woolf, toxicologist at University College London. EL © Similarly, ttalian scientists have recently established connections between benzine and cancer. Environmentalists also want more research carried out on the effects of the ‘toxic cocktail’: the deadly result of the various pollutants in exhaust fumes reacting together. BBE One of the best known being the 1987 heatwave in Athens, when very high temperatures combined with the city’s notorious smog to create a noxious furnace. This is believed to have caused the deaths of more than 1,000 people.sh Reading & Use of English - Part 6 e A Munich paediatrician Erika von Mutius, comparing asthma incidence among children in Leipzig and Munich, found that although Leipzig was more polluted, asthma rates there were lower. B_ He has done a great deal of research into the links between benzine in the atmosphere and childhood leukaemia. C Stress is thought to be a greater cause of asthma than pollutants. D_ Such is the extent of the crisis that the World Health Organisation and the European Union are due to publish reports on asthma this spring. E Indications of its potentially lethal effects are the ‘pollution episodes’ suffered by many European cities. F Doctors have no conclusive evidence to explain the causes of this huge increase. G_ He says that the relationship between asthma and pollution is still being investigated.Practice Test 2 PART 7 Reading & Use of English - P You are going to read an article about technological inventions in transport. For questions 43-52, choose the inventions (A-D). The inventions may be chosen more than once. Which of the inventions has helped to fight disease? was tested using prisoners? didn’t go very far at first? has enabled us to talk to someone in another country? helped civilisations that didn’t have access to the sea? helped man to make his dream come true? has remained almost unchanged over the centuries? was invented around the same time as the wheel? was unsuccessful until the twentieth century? relies on the weather for speed?be like? The wheel appeared in Mesopotamia around 3,500 BC, where it was used in the construction of means of transport. This was probably one of the most significant inventions in the history of mankind because it meant that man could now travel long distances and take more supplies or goods with him for trading than he could possibly have done ‘on horseback. The invention of the wheel led to the building of carts and carriages and later paths and roads. The use of the wheel made overland trade between civilisations easier, and allowed people to travel long distances in search of more fertile land ‘on which to settle. The technology has changed little for 5,000 years. Clearly, if man hadn't invented the wheel, our transport on land would be limited to horses. It also makes you wonder whether roads, such as the ones we are now used to, would even exist. IB THE SAILING SHIP The ancient Egyptians had mastered the use of reed boats well before carts and carriages were Used for land travel, but they were slow and had to be rowed from place to place. However, round ‘about the same time as someone thought of fixing ound pieces of wood to an axle to form the first wheeled cart, someone else decided to attach a piece of cloth to a pole to make the first sail. if man had not learnt to use the power of the wind to wake his boats travel much faster, it would not lave been possible to travel across the seas and Ins without using oars. With the sail to help lake sea travel easier, the Vikings were able to Reading & Use of English - Part 7 take many of the technological inventions around us for granted, but if man didn’t have them, what would modern (C THE AEROPLANE Man has dreamt of flying ever since he first saw the birds in the sky. tn the early thirteenth century, Marco Polo heard tales of prisoners tied to kites made of thin bamboo. These kites were actually hoisted into the sky to test the wind and to bring good luck before ships set out on voyages. Many other attempts were made to copy the flight of birds, usually with disastrous or fatal results Designs for flight’ continued through the | Renaissance period and into the 1900s when the first powered aeroplane took off in America in 1903. Since then, of course, air travel has become | apart of everyday life, Today, if you need to travel across the world quickly, you can do so only by plane. Had the aeroplane not been invented, it would take days ~ if not weeks ~ to make these journeys, Business across the continents would be very slow, and the post would take weeks instead of days to reach its destination if transatlantic journeys were made only by sea. Pec D THE SPACE ROCKET In 1926, Robert Goddard launched a liquid-fuel rocket into the sky. That particular rocket didn’t go very far but the invention of the rocket engine would change the world forever. During the second half of the 20th century, space exploration became a reality that previous generations could never have imagined. Now we all know about exploring other planets and even other solar systems, but if the rocket had not been developed, high-speed telecommunications depend on Pread their trade all over Europe. what disadvantages would there be? Well, modern | satellites which are launched into space by rockets. Were it not for such advanced technology, worldwide communication would be practically impossible. Today, if we want to talk to someone ‘on the other side of the world, all we have to do is pick up the phone or use the Internet - instantaneous communication at the touch of a button. Space scientists have also developed many new drugs to fight serious illnesses such as cancer and AIDS. Without the invention of rockets, such medical and technological advancements may not have been possible.rr Practice Test 2 Writing - Parts 1 WRITING PART 1 You must answer this question. Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. 1 Inyour English class, you have been talking about teenage fashion. Now your English teacher has asked you to an essay for homework. Write your essay using all the notes and giving reasons for your point of view. Do you think that young people need to buy designer labels in order to look good: | Notes Write about: 1 cost 2 fashion changes quickly 3 .. (your own idea) PART 2 Write an answer to one of the questions 2-5 in this part. Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate language magazine. 2. You have seen the following announcement in an Englis! THE PRESSURES OF BEING A TEENAGER Tell us about the problems a teenager has to face. ‘The best articles will be published next month. Write your article. 3. You have seen this announcement in an English-language magazine called Bookworms. Reviews Wanted Do you have a favourite book? Write a review of the book, giving a brief summary of what it is about, which character you like the most, and why you would recommend the book to other people your age. Write your review. 4 This is part of a letter you have received from your Australian friend, Nancy. Mum has finally agreed to let me have a party on my birthday. It's close to Halloween, so do you think | should have a faricy-dress party? What about decorations and music? Should | have food and drink? Oh, | really need your advice on this. Love, Nancy Write your letter. 5 Answer the following question based on the set book. This is part of a letter you received from your English pentriend, Mandy. | understand that the main character had to make a difficult decision, but I’m not sure they made the right choice, What do you think? Write your letter.oice. fice Test 2 Listening - Part 1 LISTENING jestions 1-8 will hear people talking in eight different situations. For questions 1-8, choose the best answer (A, 8 or C). ‘You hear a conversation in a shop. ‘What is Sue going to wear on her wedding day? ‘A ashop-bought dress B ahome-made dress © a family possession You hear a conversation between a man and an optician’s receptionist. Why is the man annoyed that he can’t get an earlier appointment? ‘A. He may need new glasses. @® He wants his glasses mended, He needs an eye test. You hear two friends talking in a coffee shop. i What does one girl advise the other to do? A get another job @® talk to her boss C ignore the situation ‘You hear a woman talking to her brother about her son, John. What does her brother suggest she should do? ® talk to John’s teacher B tell John not to be so sensitive CC persuade John to tell his teacher You hear a conversation on a bus. Why does Alan think he wasn’t made ‘player of the match’? @® because the captain is jealous of him B_ because Alan didn’t score as many goals as the captain © because the captain has never liked him You hear a man talking to a shop assistant in a department store Why is he disappointed? A. The shop only sells red sweaters. B Green is his favourite colour. © The shop cannot order a sweater for him, You hear a boy and girl talking about a friend’s party. Why might the girl not be going to the party? A. She has other plans that night. Up to now, she hasn’t been invited. C She has had an argument with her friend. You hear a conversation between a young couple. How does the girl react to what the boy says? ® She is upset. B She thinks it’s funny. © She is indifferent.Practice Test 2 Listening - Parts 2) PART 2 Questions 9-18 ‘You will hear part of a talk being given to some children at a London school. For questions 9-18, complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. ‘According to the speaker, the children listening to the talk will certainly not (9) In some countries, (10) .......A(SMALY) BOWL of rice is shared between the children of a family. WATER We cannot live without (11) MUDDY RIVER | For some people, a (12) . or a dirty pond is their only source of water. Charities try to help poor people in the (13) ....PEVELOPING WORE... __YOUNG, Do not think you are too (14) . to help You don’t have to give your own (15)... MONEY. To organise events, young children will need help from (16) ...7EACHERS AND PARENTS, Funds can be raised in many (17) A WAYS, FUN, Organising a charitable event can be a lot of (18) . You will hear five short extracts in which people are talking about their eating habits. For questions 19-23, choose | the list (A-H) what each speaker says. Use the letters only once. There are three extra letters which you do not nec use. ‘A Lonly eat vegetables at meal times. Beat healthily and get the energy I need. speakert ¢ JJ © Something that’s bad for you does no harm once inawhile. —— speater2 EJ DI can’t stop eating junk food. Speaker3 @ E The changes in my eating habits are worth it. F — Lusually have a mid-morning snack. Speaker 4 [8 G I don’t eat as healthily as | advise others to. Speakers = BX H_ Some people are mistaken about the food | eat.acti 2 sete Listening - Part 4 ou will hear a radio discussion about food and nutrition. For questions 24-30, choose the best answer (A, 8 or C). How many years has Marcus been a chef for? A 15 years over 15 years just under 15 years What kind of employer was Marcus’ grandfather? A He was proud. B He was perfect. © He was quite strict. The difficulty Marcus had in his first job was that ®@ he had to do everything exactly right. B_ he had to work late every night. Che had to clear up the kitchen. 7 Where did Marcus go after he left his grandfather's café? A’ The Café Libra ‘The Whole Earth C The Good Place At the National Nutrition Council, they A. grow fresh food. B sell organic food. bas © stress the importance of a good diet. Inwhat way is cholesterol dangerous? ® Itcan affect blood pressure. B Itcan damage the brain. CIs generally fattening, The problem with organic food is that it is . A. difficult to grow. ® expensive to buy. Cin short supply.Practice Test 2 Speaking - Parts 1 SPEAKING PART 1 (2 minutes) (Candidates A and B) Listen to your teacher and answer his / her questions. + First, I'd ike to know something about you. Where are you from? (Candidate A) And you? (Candidate B) Select one or more questions from any of the following categories, as appropriate: Everyday life ‘© What are you going to do this weekend? © Do you get alot of homework each day? (When do you do it?) * Have you been to any parties recently? (Tell me about it) * How do you usually go to school? Sports and leisure Do you play any sports? (What do you ‘enjoy about ..?) What do you usually do in the evenings? What hobbies do you have? (What do you like about it them?) Who do you spend time with at the Things you like What do you enjoy doing when you on holiday? o you ike cooking? (What sort of «do you cook?) What kin of TV programmes do you to watch? (Why?) weekends? (what do you do together?) ‘© What kind of films do you like to wat (Tell me about a good one you've (recently) PART 2 (approximately 4 minutes) (Candidates A and B) 1 Activities 2 Transport Listen to your teacher and follow his / her instructions. In this part of the test, 'm going to give each of you two photographs. I'd like you to talk about your photographs on your own for at ‘minute, and also to answer @ question about your partner's photographs. (Candidate A), it's your turn first. Here are your photographs. They show people doing different types of activities. ''d ike you to compare the photographs, and say what you think these people are enjoying about what they are doing. What are these people enjoying about what they are doing? Tike to play music ‘mastering an instrument feel creative ‘rewarding atter a lot of practice ‘exciting to ride a horse thrilled to be going fast enjoy natural scenery ut in the open air feel a sense of freedom not an everyday activity Thank you. (Candidate B), which activity would you prefer to do? (Why?)Speaking - Part 2 candidate B), here are your photographs. They show people using diferent forms of transport. you fo compare the photographs, and say how useful you think the forms of transport are to these people. How useful are the forms of transport to these people? * very quick as it avoids traffic jams * cheaper than a car because it needs very little fuel ‘© small and easy to park in city streets * allows them to fit several passengers * can carry shopping or other large objects, « protected from weather ‘useful for travelling in comfortDieses eer Practice Test 2 Speaking - Parts 3 PART 3 (approximately 4 minutes) (Candidates A and B) Camping Listen to your teacher and follow his / her instructions. ‘Now, I'd like you to talk about something together for about two minutes. 1'd ike you to imagine that you are going camping for the weekend. Here are some things that you may need to take with you, andi a q for you to discuss. First you have some time f0 look atthe task. Now, talk to each other about the importance of each item. Waser is caress ever} ‘more important than food, oa YT # The most important thing Isa tent to sleep in — "© Compasses and maps may bbe needed for a short break, ‘Many paths are clearly mar How important is each item? matches * These are uselul, but torches, stoves and electricity can be used instead. Pal ve ‘© Important if you want to go camping far {nay from any shops and want | have to Jas Cook for youre sleeping bag) {camping stove * Very important, s0 you can sleep and stay warm at night. ‘© Important if there are not many shops or pplaces where you can eat in the area. tinned food | Thank you. Now you have about a minute to decide which four items you should take with you. Thank you. PART 4 (approximately 4 minutes) (Candidates A and B) = ‘Select any of the following prompts, as appropriate: Listen to your teacher and answer his / her questions. What do you think? ‘And you? Use the following questions, n order, as appropriate. Do you agree? * Why do people enjoy camping? + Why do some people pay more to travel in comfort? + Why is camping preferable for families with pets? * Do you agree that travel is educational? ‘© What ean you learn from camping in the countryside? ‘+ How can travelling abroad influence your ideas and opinions!READING & USE OF ENGLISH questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example the beginning (0). A by B with C for D in SURFING IN THE UK Most of us associate surfing (0 ..... exotic locations. However, there’s no need to (1) s. for Hawaii to find some big waves. Beginners and experienced surfers alike are (2) .... that Britain has more than its (3) ..... share of excellent surfing spots. The British surf scene is fast gaining (4) ..... popularity. One resort which boasts miles of sandy beaches and some first-class waves is Gower in South Wales. The 6) definitely a bonus. in this region is stunning too; not essential for surfing enthusiasts but The waves along this stretch of the Welsh coast rarely change, and there are a range of beaches to choose from (6) ..... on your ability as a surfer. Many experienced and capable surfers looking for a challenge make (7) ..... nearby Crab Island. South of Gower are the more dangerous waters favoured by the really dedicated and skilled surfers; those who like to take a (8)... 1A reach B travel C go © head 2 ® realising B_ knowing deciding D understanding 3 ® fair B own C even D good 4A of B from ©in . D about 5 A nature ® scenery © scene D background 6 @) depending B judging CC relying D according 7 A away B at C to O for @® risk B difficulty danger D hazardPractice Test 3 Reading & Use of English - Parts 2 PART 2 For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. eample: WTA] [clay TT | LITT WHAT DIFFERENCE DOES IT MAKE? A question (0) ... __ is frequently asked today is whether young people who are allowed to vote are interested (9) ....N....... Who governs their country. Many people believe that the youth (10) OF... tod content to leave matters concerning the governing of their country to other people ~ things (11)... Mlb. .ex Ca in power. These youngsters are probably too busy trying to earn a (12) LIVI in much the same way whoever i to bother about politics. They obviously believe that their vote won't make much difference in the long (13) ,RUN, and are likely to be concerned only about policies which directly affect them or the areas they live in. However, a more careful assessment shows that young people do actually care (14) ,,.,,ABQUT..... the things really matter, but they can‘t see the point in (15) WASTING | SPENDING, their time and energy trying to change laws regulations that everyone (16) ...HAS...... 10 observe anyway. PART 3 For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to ‘a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. example: EBLE [UTR [OP [ELAN I 1 TUNISIA. Tunisia has long been a popular holiday destination for (0) EUROPE (17) cc TRAVELLERS... Most of the hotels not only serve international food, TRAVEL but also include some local specialities. One example is couscous, which is an TASTY, dish. The same can be Said of brik, which is TASTE extremely (18) a (19) ...,, LIGHTLY fried egg wrapped in batter. As far as drinks are LIGHT concerned, mint tea is recommended. (20) ....,. ALCOHOLIC. drinks are — ALCOHOL ADVISE expensive and difficult to obtain outside the hotels. It is (21). to drink the tap water as it may cause stomach problems; stick to bottled mineral water instead. All major hotels arrange their own (22) ENTERTAINMENT, ENTERTAIN programmes for their foreign visitors. Whichever hotel you stay at, you are (sya to the accompaniment of traditional Tunisian music. oo. to escape seeing the traditional belly dancers who dance LIKELY On the whole, most visitors will find their stay quite (24) 58Reading & Use of English - Part 4 4 questions 25-30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the given. Do not change the word given, You must use between {wo and five words, including the word given. isan example (0). ple: If he didn’t have a computer, he wouldn't be able to manage. vo He could _.. his computer. gap can be filled by the words ‘not do without’, so you write: [iNet bo wirtour ite only the missing words IN CAPITAL LETTERS. 25 I don’t object to the head teacher getting rid of the school uniform. OBIECTION Fs I the head teacher getting rid of the school uniform. 26 Upon hearing the news, Daphne started to cry. uRst Daphne ..... BURST INTO TEARS. when she heard the news. 27 Gemma didn’t write that insulting letter. wHo ie WASNT. GEMMAWHO... _..wrote that insulting letter. 28 He isn’t good at public speaking because he’s very shy. PREVENT His shyMes$ _PREVENTS HIM (FROM) BEING. _.. good public speaker. 29 1 was approached by a complete stranger in the street, who requested my help. came A complete stranger GAME YP TOME... in the street and requested my help. 30 Some parts of the script were changed by the film director. ae The film director snausunMlADE CHANGES TO... some parts of the script.Practice Test 3 Reading & Use of English - PART 5: You are to read part of a magazine article about an unusual walk that can be taken in London. For qu 31-36, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text. 3 2 a uM 35 38 LONDON BY NIGHT It was dusk on a dampish Sunday evening and my cousin and | were standing at the exit of a London Underground station with a_handful of strangers. During the day, that part of the capital is swarming with life ~ but that evening it was practically deserted. ‘Anybody else here for the Ghost Walk?" The question came from my cousin Seth, the only reason | was there. He was visiting from the USA, and Mum had put me in charge of ensuring he had the time of his life while with us. An organised walk through some of the reputedly most haunted alleys of this old part of the city had seemed like just the thing, but now, as the wind seemed to pick up and the moon disappeared behind a cloud, I wasn’t so sure, Not that | really expected any encounters with spooks that night, but, well, let’s just say I was now feeling less sure about that than when | had first come up with the idea. In answer to Seth’s question, the rest of the people waiting gathered around and we stood together, waiting for our guide for the two-hour walk, Suddenly, a man in a long black cloak approached through the gloom. if this isn’t him, | remember thinking, then maybe there are ghosts. As he got closer, we all breathed a sigh of relief. It was our guide and, although the cloak hadn't been a figment of my imagination, he wasn't in the least bit spooky. Just a little theatrical, perhaps. The first stop we made that evening was the Bank of England on Threadneedle Street. This imposing building, where so much important business is done during the week, is the last place you might expect to find a ghost. According to our guide, who recounted the tale in the dramatic way that a good ghost story deserves to be told, a woman, nicknamed ‘the Black Nun’ by bank employees in the early nineteenth century, is still occasionally seen wandering along Threadneedle Street asking for her brother. ‘As our guide came to the end of the story, I couldn't help but glance up and down the street, just in case. Seth caught me at it and seemed amused. It didn’t take long, though, for him to start getting a little anxious too. It was as we entered our first graveyard that it happened. There, in a windswept comer surrounded by crumbling tombstones, our guide told us a ghost story that made everyone's hair stand on end. Of course, the story itself wasn’t so terrifying - or particularly credible ~ but the sinister surroundings and the darkness certainly did the trick. Seth, | noticed, was no longer looking so sure of himself, nor was he so incl laugh, Fe Our tour took us through narrow alleyways and hidden courtyards. Each time we stopped, there was a story to be told. Some were slightly amusing, others made our blood run cold, At Wood Street, we came to what used to be a debtor’s dungeon — a creepy place if ever there was one, We stood around the stairway that leads from the street down to the dungeons and heard that the company which now owns the building often holds spooky parties down there, always by candlelight. One evening, back in 1997, an employee was locking up after one of these affairs. Apparently, as she blew out the last candle, a voice came out of the darkness: ‘There's only thee and | down here now.’ The terrified woman took to her heels and two days after the incident, decided to look for work elsewhere. Perhaps it was because the incident had occurred fairly recently that it seemed so believable. Whatever it was, I was glad to be led away from this particular spot. Not long after, our tour came to an end. It was very dark now and getting cold. | think Seth was.as happy as Lwas to get home that night.Reading & Use of English - Part 5 4) Outside the Underground station ‘A it was very busy. B the writer and Seth were completely alone. there were some unusual people. a small group of people were waiting. ‘What does the writer mean by the phrase ‘the cloak hadn’t been a figment of my imagination’ in line 14? ‘The man really was wearing a cloak. B She had imagined the man in the cloak. C The man in the cloak was probably a ghost. D Nobody else had seen the man, The Bank of England ghost ‘A. wanders around inside the bank. walks along Threadneedle Street every day. : C is only seen by bank employees. @ sometimes walks along the street where the bank is situated. How did the visit to the graveyard affect Seth? A It made him laugh. @ It seemed to frighten him. C It made him believe in ghosts. D He decided to play a joke on someone. In the writer’s opinion, the building at Wood Street A was very frightening inside. B_ was definitely haunted. ©would make anyone feel afraid, D would be a good place for a candlelit party. When they arrived back home, they felt A scared. B_ unhappy. C disbelief. @® relieved.Practice Test 3 Reading & Use of English - PART 6 ‘You are going to read a newspaper article about beekeeping. Six sentences have been removed from the article. C from the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (37-42). There is one extra sentence which you do not need A Beekeeper’s Tale of the City Beekeeping isn’t only feasible in the countryside, as Glen Kelsoe finds out. Most of us associate beekeeping with the kind of seclusion only rural areas can provide. But, as | discovered when | met with beekeeper Barry Stewart, there are quite a few people in our urban cenires who make their own honey. §JJ © Others, who live in flats, keep their bees on the rooftop. to Barry, there are some general rules that should be achered to by anyone considering taking up beekeeping, ‘I'd really recommend putting up a’ six-foot fence for starters,’ he told me. What it does do is force the bees to keep to a flight path which is above people’s heads. ‘Therefore, when they set off in search of the nectar and pollen they collect, there is much less chance of them accidentally flying into someone. Barry also pointed out that, on the whole, people do not object to the existence of beehives in their next-door neighbour's garden, as long as the beekeeper has a responsible attitude to his or her hobby. EX) ® of course, it also creates a kind of out of sight, out of mind situation,’ Barry added. ‘What I was curious about was where these city bees manage to find pollen and nectar. EJ F While Barry agreed that this might be preferable, he pointed out that in the suburbs of any city where people have gardens, flowers are actually plentiful. It is not even necessary to have flowering plants in the immediate vicinity. Bees are happy to travel several miles to find what they are looking for. But what about bee stings? Surely these are an occupational hazard? BJ) 9 In fact, according to Barry, bees are not the aggressive creatures some people seem to think they are. ‘The key to avoiding stings is to work inside the hive only when the conditions are right. For'example, when the colony is in direct sunlight, the bees tend to be drowsy and less likely to sting, When temperatures are high, on the other hand, you're better off not disturbing them at all.” The obvious reason why beekeepers stick to rules like these is that they want to avoid stings if they possibly can, But there’s another reason too. And there’s every chance that this will be the next-door neighbour. Even if this is a one-off occurrence, the said neighbour could decide to take steps to have the hives removed. ‘You could try and buy the person off with the promise of a lifetime supply of honey, but it might not work!’ Barry joked.Reading & Use of English - Part 6 A ‘It's the best way to stop the bees from getting into your neighbour's garden,’ he explained, Nevertheless, some people find the tall fence reassuring, ‘This isn’t intended to keep the bees in, obviously,’ he added with a laugh. It turns out that, while the risk is always present, they are not that common, An angry bee might simply fly off to find a victim elsewhere For some reason, | felt bees would want to be amongst wild flowers far away from the noise of the city Some, like Barry, have hives in their back gardenPractice Test 3 ci Reading & Use of English - PART 7 You are going to read an article about British seaside resorts. For questions 43-52, choose from the resorts The resorts may be chosen more than once. Which resort offers a ride on a train? ei is busy but not negatively affected by tourism? Cl has special events throughout the year? 2 has reasonably priced places to stay? - ma? almost won a prize for its flowers? is home to a full-size model of a ship? has a particularly frightening ride? Z has spotless parks? mentions a chance to see wildlife? Ho has had work carried out to improve the seafront? 52ish are big fans of the seaside; it’s th British! Herne Bay This is a quaint litle seaside town which, thanks to the recent facelift of its promenade, is now ing than ever. West of the promenade more chai is the boating marina, while about four miles east ‘of the town are the ruins of England's oldest known Roman fort, This endearing resort is perfect if you're looking for some peace and quiet. An ideal place to unwind. B Southport ‘An elegant and stylish resort, Southport offers the visitor superb shopping, entertainment and a range of water sports. Those excellent live looking for thrills and excitement will enjoy Pleasureland ~ an amusement park — which boasts the ‘Traumatizer’, a terrifying white-knuckle ride. In addition, there are extensive beaches and festivals take place all year round, Those who want to see the sights can try the coastal railway. CTenby On the coast of Wales, this lively yet unspoilt fesort can offer clean, safe beaches, leisurely walks, stunning scenery and, to top it off, Britain’s ‘only coastal National Park. There are attractions in the surrounding area for all the family, including ancient monuments, castles and gardens. Water Sports are also available. This resort is ideal for anyone who is in search of adventure or who simply wants to take things easy and rest. BPs lea U Miia ie) aay) al | E Southend-on-Sea a yearly jaz festival. F Brixham D Skegness Skegness is the place to visit if you're looking for value for money as far as accommodation is concerned. It has iles of award-winning sandy beaches as well as a host of attractions, ranging. from donkey rides to nightclubs. Its beaches are clean, its parks spick and span, and if you find yourself wanting to escape from all the excitement for a bit, just head along the coast road to Gibraltar Point Nature Reserve. Rare plant and animal life can be seen on this narrow strip of land made up mostly of marsh and sand dunes. Southend has changed in recent years and now has new visitor attractions, including amusement parks with thrilling rides. It has over three hundred restaurants and excellent shopping facilities, as well as some lovely parks and gardens in the town. These actually eared the resort a place in the finals of the Nations in Bloom competition not so long ago. Southend also hosts Those who love the Mediterranean will feel at home in this pretty little town on the stretch of coastline known as the English Riviera, Once a major fish market, the town still supplies fresh fish to restaurants as far away as Bristol. In the town’s harbour, amongst the trawlers, is a reconstruction of the Golden Hind, the vessel associated with Sir Francis Drake. Brixham is in close proximity to two other popular resorts: Torquay and Paignton. From May to September, visitors to the area can enjoy the English Riviera Festival Season, which has a spectacular programme of events on land, sea and in the air. Reading & Use of English - Part 7 favourite destination for a holiday or a day trip. The traditional iday with donkey rides and Punch and Judy shows is as popular as ever. Read on to find out about some of the bestPractice Test 3 Parts 1 WRITING | pane You must answer this question, Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. 1. Inyour English class, you have been discussing health and fitness. Now, your English teacher has asked you to, an essay for homework. Write your essay using all the notes and gi 1g reasons for your point of view. Most young people nowadays have a healthy lifestyle. Do you agree?) Notes | Write about: 1 fast food 2 lack of exercise 3 (your own idea) EEE ———————E——————E a PART 2 Write an answer to one of the questions 2-5 in this part. Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate 2. You have seen this announcement in an English-language magazine. STORY OF THE MONTH ) | Do you think you can write our story of the month? Your story must begin with this sentence: I knew 1 was in trouble when I heard the sound of distant thunder. The winning story will be published in next month’ issue. |Your story must include: # a boat * a dolphin | Write your story. 3. You see this announcement in an international teen magazine. COMPETITION TIME! | Transport in the Twenty-First Century ecar strain « plane Which of these three forms of transport has improved our lives the most? The winning article will be published in next month's issue. Write your article. 4 This is part ofan email you have received from your English friend, Pete. (Now | have to do a project about teenagers and the Internet and | could do with your help. Can you) tell me how much time you spend on the Internet each day? What kind of things do you use it for? Which sites do you and your friends like the most? i ‘Thanks, | Peter Write your em: 5 Answer the following question based on the set book. Your English class has had a discussion about main characters in books. Now your teacher has given you this for homework. What do you admire most about the main character and why? Write your essay.fice Test 3 Listening - Part 1 LISTENING ns, For questions 1-8, choose the best answer (A, B or C). {you hear part of a news bulletin. What is said about the thief? A. He had planned the theft in advance. B_ He was arrested after going ior a long drive. FP © He had once wanted to be a police officer. You hear two people having a disagreement. Where are they? ® ina supermarket B inabank C ina restaurant 5 You hear a girl talking about her pet e What does she say about it? @® He doesn’t enjoy being taken for a walk. B_ He never wags his tail He doesn’t like being alone. 4 You hear three colleagues talking at work. ‘What do they all complain about? A. the cold B_ the boss © the office furniture 5 You hear a woman talking on the phone. How did her recent experience make her feel? A angry B_ worried © disappointed I You hear a man talking on the radio about helping people in need. What does he say the listeners should do at the moment? @ give money B send food © wait for more information 7 You hear two friends talking. Why did the woman buy the ornament? ‘A. All the other tourists bought one. B_ Itwill look good in her home. © She liked the material. You hear a man making a telephone call F Who is he talking to? ® a travel agent Ba hotel receptionist C an airport employeePractice Test 3 Listening - Parts 2 PART 2 Questions 9-18 You will hear a talk about the famous artist, Michelangelo. For questions 9-13, complete the sentences with a or short phrase. Michelangelo worked as a (9) SCUETOR, .., painter and (10) ARCHITECT. He began working as an apprentice when he was (11) .ZHIRTEEN..12,((EARS OLP)., Michelangelo's father was both shocked and (12) ....-.....ANGERE ... by his choice of career. His first important piece of sculpture was done in (13)... His statue of David was made from a solid piece of (14 When first asked, Michelangelo wasn’t (15) ......:...-KEEN ON ... painting the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. The artist (16) . all of his assistants. ‘On the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, there are more than (17) .. IUNDRED | 400...... figures. When working on St Peter's Basilica, he wasn’t (18) . anything, PART 3. You will hear five short extracts in which people are talking on the phone. For questions 19-23, choose from the (cH) what each person is doing. Use the letters only once. There are three extra letters which you do not need to A passing on some news B giving a message Speaker 1 recommending a course of action Speaker 2 D__ making an offer Speaker 3 E offering sympathy if Speaker 4 F complaining about a family member Speaker 5 G accepting a job offer H__ offering a friend some moneyce Test 3 co if Listening - Part 4 ar 4 ons 24-30 ord | you will hear a conversation between three people in a chemist’s. For questions 24-30, choose the best answer (A, & or O 44 What does the man say about the doctor? A He may not have been honest about the medicine. He might not have realised how serious the problem is. C He has a good reputation as a specialist. 25 What does Lizzie say about her cough? A Ithas been bothering her for weeks. B Her dad doesn’t understand how bad it © Her dad is exaggerating its seriousness. 46 Why does the woman agree with Lizzie? ® Many people are suffering from the same symptoms, B_ She has had the same symptoms herself. She has examined her throat. ‘D Why is Lizzie’s dad tired? A. He has been feeling dizzy all week He didn’t sleep well lastnight. He didn’t lie down at all yesterday. reli 28 What does the woman advise Lizzie’s dad to do? A to consider his age © to relax more C to help cure his daughter's cough 28 What does Lizzie say about her dad? A. He sleeps too much. B_ He worries about burglars. © He gets bored easily. 30 What does the woman say about the herbal remedy? @® Itwon't have any side effects. B Ithas the doctor’s approval. © It requires a prescription.Practice Test 3 Speaking - Parts 1 PART 1 (2 minutes) (Candidates A and B) Listen to your teacher and answer his / her questions. ‘First, 'd lke to know something about you. ‘© Where are you from? (Candidate A) And you? (Candidate B) Select one or more questions from any of the following categories, as appropriate: | Education Free Time Things you lke © Do you find it easy to study at home? ‘© What do you usually do when you are at What kind of music do you like to lis Why? home by yoursolt? to? * Is there something that you've always ‘What plans have you got for this ‘+ What kind of magazines do you like wanted to learn about? (What | Why?) weekend? read? (Tell me about one.) * Ifyou could go to university anywhere in * Do you often go out with your parents? + Do you ike to try food from different the world, where would you go? (Why?) (Where do you usually go?) ‘countries? (Why?) * What do you like most about school? * What do you and your friends enjoy ‘© What sports do you enjoy? (why?) doing most? (Why?) PART 2 (approximately 4 minutes) (Candidates A and B) 1 Important Days 2 Technology Listen to your teacher and follow his / her instructions. In this part of the test, 'm going to give each of you two photographs. I'd like you to talk about your photographs on your own for aba minute, and also to answer a question about your partner's photographs. (Candidate A), it's your turn frst. Here are your photographs. They show people on important days in their lives. ra lke you to compare the photographs, and say which of these people you think will remember this day the longest. Why will each of these people remember this day? * rare achievement + Is a highlight of sporting + being awarded a medel is ‘an unforgettable moment * the athlete will go down in history * great feeling of joy at graduating trom univers ‘not easily forgotten «+ specie! oceasion and important achievement * ond of education + ceremony and celebration are memorable + photographs and degree are constant remind Thank you. (Candidate B), have you ever been awarded anything?Speaking - Part 2 pow, (Candidate B), here are your photographs. They show people using technology ate you to compare the photographs, and say how important you think each piece of technology isin our Ives. How important is each piece of technology in our lives? % medical research has advanced quickly + scientists and doctors can analyze things 100 small to see ‘run computer tests, no need for ‘human experiments ‘+ diagnose illness more accurately + devolop new treatments and medicine + allow people to five longer ‘computer technology essential in the world (of work, communication and entertainment «© all documents made, stored on computer | «information spread instantly via the Internet ‘© visual aids and graphics aro used everywhere ‘work is done more easily and efficiently Thank you. (Candidate 4), do you spend a lot of time on the phone?Practice Test 3 PART 3 (appro ately 4 minutes) (Candidates A and B) Local Park Listen to your teacher and follow his / her instructions. ‘Now, I'd ike you to talk about something together for about two minutes. 1'd like you to imagine that a new park is going to be created in your neighbourhood. Here are some ideas that local residents have with about what should be in the park and a question for you to discuss. First, you have some time fo look at the task ‘Now, talk to each other about how popular you think each of the ideas would be. ( picnicarea Popular mainly in the summer ‘and for families. = { outdoor swimming + Popular in summer as a place Ta coo! down, but not useful in other seasons. How popular might each of these ideas be? r Ce café tennis court \[ > Very popatar with people of ail - © Would be popular only for ages as a place for refreshments, who play tennis, s0 not as many’ although there are many in town, ‘people will benefit. boating lake + A unique activity that would be popular for young and older people, and would be picturesque. Thank you. PART 4 (approximately 4 minutes) (Candidates A and B) ‘Select any ofthe following prompts, as appropriate: Listen to your teacher and answer his / her questions. eee * Do you agree? Use the following questions, in order, as appropriate. ‘© And you? = Why do people enjoy spending time in parks? ‘© Are the parks in your area clean or do they have a lot of iter? * Do you think itis important for there to be a lot of parks in big © ‘Do you think people care enough about thelr environment? eitios? (Why?) * Do you think people should bo allowed to take ther dogs for walks in public places lke parks? (Why?) * Is there anything that can be done to stop people droppingcat oom Ca B possible C big D high = = 2] DOING SOMETHING ABOUT CRIME In many parts of the UK ~ both in large cities and remote towns ~ the chances of your house being burgled while you are away on holiday are relatively, (0) .... . There are also other crimes that people have to be on their guard against: car thefts, muggings, vandalism, to name but a few. ‘One way of (1) ... back against crime is to set (2)..... a neighbourhood watch scheme. What this means, in simple terms, is (3)..... with your neighbours that you will all look out for each other’s safety and property. In other words, (4) .... a member of the scheme sees anything suspicious or unusual (5)... in the neighbourhood, anything at all that is a (6) ... for concern, they will get in (7) ... with the police. Thanks to the 160,000 neighbourhood watch schemes currently operating around the UK, crime rates have been (8) .... considerably. Neighbourhoods have also been improved by scheme members joining forces to solve problems such as graffiti, a lack of local amenities or poor street lighting. 1A pushing © working D getting 2 @up © down | D off 3 A accepting B discussing C telling © agreeing 4A as longas B incase CC since © whenever 5 A passing by ® going on D carrying out 6 ® cause B purpose D result 7 A communication B conversation © touch D connection 8 @ reduced B dropped C decreased D fallenPractice Test 4 Reading & Use of English - Parts PART 2 For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each There is an example at the beginning (0). ‘Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. Sample: EYLTTHTE ito ea THE ICE FESTIVAL IN HARBIN In the town of Harbin, in (0) .... ... far north of China, an ice festival takes (9) ... PLACE... once a year, history of this festival dates back to the winter of 1963, when the citizens of the town put (10) .....,ON......, the ‘Ice Lantern Show’. This involved making lanterns out of blocks of ice, in (11)... WHICH... they placed candles, The ‘Ice Lantern Show’ of 1963 proved a great success. It was a chance (12) ......FOR...... people to revive ancient art form and it captured the imagination of the whole town, The idea grew and the following year a festival on a much larger scale was organised. As (13) ....WELL..... a8 lanterns, the local people now make towers, bridges, trees, birds and fish. In (14) ADDITION, huge buildings as pagodas or temples (15)... ARE...... built, consisting of hundreds of blocks of ice. These are magical at night they are lit up by hundreds of lamps in all sorts (16) .....9F...... different colours, PART 3 For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. Example: U/V[ATR]1 EIT[YT | DOING THE HIGH JUMP! _ of dangerous leisure activities. One of VARY People nowadays seem to go in for a (0) these people, Felix Baumgartner, has found a risky and (17) , way of spending his USUAL free time: he leaps from high buildings, falling through the air and landing (18) SAFE wWith — SAFE the aid of a parachute strapped to his back, One of his most (19) jumps was MEMO! from the statue of Christ in Rio de Janeiro. This gained a lot of (20) ,.. not because — PUBLIC it was a high leap but because it was the lowest one he had attempted. These actually 21)... has also travelled the (22) . _.» the life of the jumper more as there is less time for the parachute to open. He DANGER’ between Dover in England and Calais in France by DISTAN gliding through the air with a specially designed wing on his back. The (23) only CROSS took forty-five minutes. It was quite an (24) ACHIEVEMENT. 1 think you'll agree. ACHIEVEpractice Test 4 Reading & Use of English - Part 4 PART 4 for questions 25-30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given, You must use between two and five words, including the word given, Here is an example (0). ample: | 9 _Ifhe didn’t have a computer, he wouldn't be able to manage. vo He could , _.. his computer. ff the gap can be filled by the words ‘not do without’, so you write: fample: Write only the missing words IN CAPITAL LETTERS. 25. The shoe repairer in the high street mended my boots. HAD I HAD MY BOOTS MENDED... by the shoe repairer in the high street, 26 Someone should make him pay for the damage. nuoe He ought . TO BE MADE TO PAY. ... for the damage. 27, Nobody said anything when the policewoman asked what had happened. epty Nobody , about what had happened. the policewoman’s question 28 He definitely won't pass the exam. ounce He has got. NO CHANCE OF PASSING suns the exam. 29. They managed to reach the airport despite the heavy snow. on They managed to GET TO THE AIRPORT ALTHOUGH __ there was heavy snow, v 30. I don’t like it when my teachers are critical of my work. camerseo I don’t like my work... BEING CRITICISED BY... my teachers. R 7 £nner eee eee eee Practice Test 4 Reading & Use of English - PART 5 You are going to read a magazine article about an organisation for young girls. For questions 31-36, choose the (A, B, Cor D) which you think fits best according to the text. THE GIRL GUIDES Back in the early part of the twentieth century, an organisation called the Boy Scout Movement was set up in Britain by an army general known as Robert Baden-Powell. At the first Scouts’ rally, 31 however, Baden-Powell came across a_small_group of girls who insisted that they too should be allowed to join the organisation. This group was, in reality, representative of a much larger number of young women. Despite the fact that many at that time considered activities like camping unsuitable | for girls, in 1910 the Girl Guides was formed with Baden-Powell’s sister, Agnes, in charge. “The organisation proved to be a great success and the idea soon caught on in many parts of the world. Today, there are an amazing ten million girls and women involved in Guiding worldwide. In the UK alone, there are currently 600,000 members; in fact, half of the female population of the UK have | belonged to the Girl Guides or an associated group at some point in their lives. According to recent 32 figures, more than a quarter of all eight-year-olds in the UK are currently Brownies. Girls can join one of three groups: Rainbows, Brownies or Guides. Each of these is open to a different age group. ‘The programmes for Rainbows, Brownies and Guides are run by adult leaders and set out to equip | 33 their members with a variety of skills; ones which will stand them in good stead for adulthood. They encourage self-reliance, confidence, leadership skills, a sense of responsibility, the ability to think for | ‘oneself and a host of other skills. This is achieved through participation in a wide range of activities from camping, hiking and mountaineering to helping elderly members of the community. In addition, international expeditions are arranged. While the young women involved have a chance to develop as individuals and to acquire useful skills, 34 they are also provided with the opportunity to make friends and have fun. Instead of sitting at home Mi after_school, they can_be out in_ the community doing important work, or learning about the environment and other cultures and peoples of the world. The overriding purpose of the Girl Guides is, perhaps, to provide girls with challenges that will bring 35 about personal development and group loyalty. This does not mean, however, that the organisation's ‘members are not seen as individuals. It is recognised that each girl or young woman involved has her ‘own strengths, talents and interests. Through the challenges set by the movement, these abilities will be built upon in a positive way. In other words, the programme focuses on personal achievement rather than demanding that set targets are met. Many Guides find, on reaching adulthood and embarking on their professional life, that the skills they have learnt can be put to good use. Many employers are also discovering that women who have been involved from a relatively young age in organising events, raising money and leading teams at camps have a great deal to offer a company. However, not every gitl leaves the Guides when she becomes eighteen. Some choose to 36 continue with the organisation in the role of Leader. Leaders are volunteers who are willing to give up ‘a substantial amount of their time on a weekly basis to attend meetings, plan and prepare for activities and take part in training sessions. In addition, Leaders spend a great deal of time working with young people; helping them to develop their talents, to meet challenges and to become more self-confident and self-reliant. Not all Leaders are former members of the Girl Guides, however. Any female aged between eighteen and sixty-five can become a Leader, on the condition that she undergo the required training and participate in this successfully.ine Bctice Test 4 Reading & Use of English - Part 5 What did the ‘small group of girls’ referred to in line 3 of the article want? @® to become members of the Boy Scout Movement B_ to take part in the Scouts’ rally to join the Girl Guides D_ to form an organisation with some other young women According to the writer, A. girls can choose whether to be Rainbows, Brownies or Guides. B_ half of the women in the UK are involved in the Girl Guides. © girls of different ages join different groups. D_ ten million children around the world are Brownies. ‘What does the word ‘ones’ in line 14 refer to? ‘A. the three available programmes those belonging to the groups © the skills that can be learnt - D_ the grown-ups involved What does the writer suggest about girls who ‘sit at home after school’ in line 202 A. They are lonely. @® They could have a richer life. They are unhappy at home. D_ They spend too much time on their homework. The Girl Guide programme A” wants everyone to develop in the same way. B focuses on specific abilities. sets extremely difficult challenges. © recognises that everyone is different. Leaders @) do not get paid for the work they do. B will not have time for another jab. C_ must have once been a Girl Guide D_ do not need any preparation for their role.Practice Test 4 Reading & Use of English - PART 6 You are going to read an article about avo the ai jing health problems on holiday. Six sentences have been removed le. Choose from the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (37-42). There is one extra sentence which do not need to use. Avoiding Holiday Health Problems More and more of us are travelling abroad nowadays. Exotic locations, once the preserve of the very wealthy, are now much more affordable. E So, how can we protect ourselves and make sure we step off the plane at the end of our holiday with no more than a suntan? It is possible today to travel to most parts of the world without having compulsory vaccinations. D_ Even though you aren’t obliged to have any other vaccinations before setting off on your travels, the most sensible course is to protect yourself and take the necessary precautions. Why take a risk with your health? Those with a fear of needles will be relieved to learn that for malaria an injection is not necessary. In order to protect themselves from contracting this common ~ and unpleasant ~ disease, travellers should take a course of tablets. EJ F What's essential is that the right kind of tablets are taken; different ones are recommended for different parts of the world. It is the mosquito, of course, which is responsible for the spread of malaria. This most annoying of insects carries infected blood from one victim to the next. EJ] 4 It is also a good idea to cover up in long trousers and long-sleeved tops, particularly at night. The more closely-woven the fabric the better. Holidaymakers in Mediterranean countries aren’t at risk of catching malaria, but they should still apply insect repellent, especially on exposed areas of the body such as the ankles and forearms, before venturing out in the evening. Nowadays, a variety of insect repellents are available, some sweeter smelling than others, including several highly effective sprays. Avery common, and potentially embarrassing, problem for travellers is the stomach bug. It has been estimated that one in five tourists will suffer some form of stomach problem while on holiday. © While most people tend to view it as an inconvenience rather than a serious health problem, sufferers need to guard against dehydration by drinking up to four litres of fluids a day. Anyone who suffers from hay fever should make sure that the holiday they are planning won't be ruined by constant sniffing and sneezing. Prevention is bettér than cure, after all. Destinations in Scandinavia should be avoided by hay fever sufferers in July, as this is when the grass pollen season peaks there. In most Mediterranean countries, on the other hand, the worst time would be earlier in the year, probably late April to early May. Perhaps the most publicised of holiday health risks concerns overexposure to the sun. Despite all the warnings, all the advice and the wide range of protective creams, lotions and sprays available from supermarkets and chemists everywhere, people are still returning from their holidays with sunburn, EE] © tis also important to avoid lying on a beach during the hottest - and most dangerous ~ part of the day. The best advice is to make an early start, spend a couple of hours on the beach and then to return later in the day. But don’t forget — protection from the sun is necessary whether you're sightseeing, reading on your hotel balcony or lying on the beach.Reading & Use of English - Part 6 ‘A For this reason, it’s worth taking the extra precautions of using an insect repellent and burning a mosquito coil at B You should not allow any kind of infection to go untreated. This will usually take only a couple of days to clear up. D__The exception is the yellow fever jab, which visitors to some parts of South America and Africa must have. E But as the world gets smaller, the range of health problems we could sutfer from gets wider. F These may not come cheap, but they are worth every penny. G Not only should sunblock of the correct factor be used, but it should be applied regularly throughout the day.Reading & Use of English -P Practice Test 4 PART 7 You are going to read a magazine article in which people talk about their favourite places. For questions 43-52, ch from the people (A-E). The people may be chosen more than once. Which person goes to a place by the sea? A mentions something they made themselves? E likes to get away from the noise? ic sometimes eats outdoors at their favourite place? ; og goes to their favourite place to think? me goes somewhere where there are flowers growing? De finds their favourite place has a disadvantage? =: goes to a place that is difficult to get to? He finds the place makes them feel positive about themselves? Hl says the place takes them back in time? D‘A Judy My favourite place is a spot on the coast about ten miles’ drive from my home in Norfolk. There's a long stretch of fine sand there; when the tide’s out, you have to walk such a long distance to reach the waves. What I ike best, though, is to take a picnic lunch into the sand dunes. if you choose the right spot, you'll be hidden from view. On a cold and blustery day, I can watch the clouds drifting across the sky and see the tall grass bending in the wind; D Thomas As a child, I'd hide away in the bam on my grandparents’ farm whenever | wanted to be alone, Today, it’s still the place | head for. It's | abandoned now, but if I close my eyes, I can still feel the old atmosphere of the place. So many feelings that | connect with my childhood always come flooding back ~ the optimism, the sense of | security, the belief that I could do anything and be anyone. When I leave there, | almost feel like a when it’s calm and bright, I close my eyes against new person. the sun and dream, o sl} _ ey qt — a] E Colin B Steven Ws not the most accessible place in the world, which is part of its appeal. Deep in the forest, there's a beautiful, shady glade. In the summer, it’s a pleasant oasis from the midday heat, with the small stream nearby fed by the mountains. But on a frosty morning the water can be so cold! | can see things so much more clearly there, so | ‘make for this spot whenever I'm troubled or have a decision to make. € Adele Even a busy, bustling city can offer a place where you can get away from it all. For me, it’s the Public library. My fiends think it’s strange that | spend so much time there. But shut away in one of the reading rooms with a selection of books spread out in front of me, I can retreat from the world for a while — come rain or shine. There are No phones, no music blaring out, no cars beeping or engines rewing. | read about places | will Probably never visit: wild and wonderful locations On other continents. | In my back garden I've created for myself a small paradise on earth. It's not a big area, but despite this | feel freer there than anywhere else. | spend a great deal of my spare time out there with just the birds for company. There’s a wooden bench ~ my own handiwork — but I'm not one to sit still for long. | need to be doing something: digging, weeding, pruning, planting, That's where you'll find me tending the roses or cutting the grass. The drawback is that gardening can be quite demanding, and I've had a bit of a bad back recently, Reading & Use of English - Part 7Practice Test4— Writing - Parts 1 WRITING PART 1 You must answer this question, Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. 1 In your English class you have been talking about language learning. Now, your English teacher has asked yo write an essay for homework. Write your essay using all the notes and gi ig reasons for your point of w. Is it better to learn a language in a language school or to have a private teacher? ) Notes Write about: 1 cost 2 interaction 3 oonsneiae (your own idea) PART 2 Write an answer to one of the questions this part. Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate sty 2 You have seen this announcement in an English-language newspaper. COMPETITION e and tell us what you think a good teacher should be like. ‘The best articles will be published in our newspaper. Write your article. 3. You recently saw this notice in an international magazine called Film Fans. Peer REVIEWS WANTED! Have you been to the cinema lately? If so, we would like you to write us a review of the film you saw. Include information about the plot, the characters and any special effects and whether you would recommend the film to other people of your age. Write your review. 4 You have seen this announcement in an international magazine for teens. SHORT STORIES WANTED We need short stories for a new section we are adding to our magazine, where readers will be able to see their own work in print. Your story must begin with this sentence: ‘Sally read the text message and went running out of the house. Your story must include: * astolen pet * a car chase Write your story. 5 Answer the following question based on the set book. Your English class has had a discussion about the book you are reading. Now the teacher has given you this for homework. Who do you think the most unhappy character in the book is and why? Write your essay.Practice Test 4 Listening - Part 1 LISTENING PART 1 Questions 1-8 You will hear people talking in eight different situations. For questions 1-3, choose the best answer (A, B or C). 1 You hear a woman telling someone about her decision to move. What does she like about her new flat? A She can see the sea from it B__ The rentis extremely low. © _ t's got big rooms. You hear an advertisement on the radio. What product is being advertised? ® - garden furniture B a kitchen table and chairs © abarbecue You hear an astrologer talking on the radio. What does she say people born under the sign of Leo should do? A rest eat healthily C work more You hear two women talking in a shop. What do they agree on? A The blouse costs too much money. B It’s not worth going shopping during the sales. © The shop is busy. You hear a man talking to his friend. Why did he become a taxi driver? @® He needed to earn some money. B He knew he would enjoy it. © He didn’t want a stressful job. You hear two people talking, What does the woman warn the man against? ® going to a particular place B swimming in a dangerous part of the river C forgetting his fishing rod You hear two men talking during a journey. How are they travelling? A byair B byland © bysea You hear an actress being interviewed on the radio about a part she had in a play. What does she say about it? A She was used to such roles. ® _ ttwas a challenge for her. C Playing the role was a disappointing experience.Practice Test 4 cols Listening - Parts 2 PART 2 Questions 9-18 You will hear a lecturer at a college talking about the black rhinoceros. For questions 9-18, complete the sentenc a word or short phrase. kilos. The black rhinoceros weighs between 909 and (9)... It lives in southern and eastern Africa on grasslands and in (10) ....“0! The number of black rhinos alive today is thought to be about (11) .. eee The greatest threat to the animals’ survival is the (12) ... in thino products, especially rhino h Many products including (13) .. ves ... are made from rhino horn. It is suggested that (14) ..NINETY PER CENT | 90% _ of all adult rhinos are killed by poachers. In some parts of Asia it is against the law to bring rhino horns into the country or to (15) SELL. the Half a kilo of rhino horn can be sold for (16) .....22:900 DOLLARS, It took poachers in Zimbabwe only (17) ...un.48 MONTHS... to kill close to 100 black rhinos Of the two species of African rhino, the (18) vials, thino is more likely to survive. You will hear five short extracts in which people are talking about why they went to another country. For questions 23, choose from the list (A-H) the reason each speaker gives. Use the letters only once. There are three extra lel which you do not need to use. ‘A ajob opportunity B alove of skiing Speaker1 F C less crime Speaker 2 A D__ abetter standard of living Speaker3 0 E escape from a problem Speaker4 @ BJ F adventure Speaker 5 E G marriage H climateListening - Part 4 PART 4 {Questions 24-30 You will hear a man being interviewed on the radio about a new programme of activities for young people at a sports, and leisure centre, For questions 24-30, choose the best answer (A, 8 or C). 24 Where can people sit and have something light to eat and drink in the evening? @ the café B the snack bar C anearby restaurant 25 What can teenagers do on Mondays and Wednesdays? A. tennis B tae kwon do © table tennis 26 What is being offered at a cheaper rate than normal at the moment? ©® water polo 8 swimming lessons modern dance classes 27 What classes are not available just now? ©® weight training B kick-boxing C tennis 28 Which outdoor activity is available? A hillwalking a © pony-trekking C mountain climbing 29 What is recommended for people who do not want energetic exercise? A yoga 8 climbing © bowling 30 What is already available for fit people? A. ice skating ® diving C skateboarding 35EE _~~—S=S Practice Test 4 Speaking - Parts 1 SPEAKING PART 1 (2 minutes) (Candidates A and B) Listen to your teacher and answer his / her questions, First, tke to know something about you. ‘© Where are you from? (Candidate A) And you? (Candidate 8) Select one or more questions from any ofthe following categories, as appropriate | Things you like | Places you go to | People you know: © What do you tke about your best fiend?» What's your favoune subject at school? | * Do you ike gong to the cinema? ‘© Tell me about your favourite teacher. What kind of Books do you lke to read? * Are there many nice places to go toi ‘© Who do you usually spend time with after Did you do anything nice last weekend? your area? (Why do you like them?) + Where would you like to go for your school? «+ How often do you chat with friends on + iho do you get on with best in your the Internet? (What do you talk about?) holiday? famiy? + D0 you like your school? (Why?) utes) (Candidates A and B) | 1 Having Fun 2 Animals PART 2 (approximately 4 Listen to your teacher and follow his / her instructions. In this par ofthe test, Pm going to give each of you two photographs. like you to tak about your photographs on your own fr abe Ininute and also to answer a question about your partner’ photographs. (Candidate A), is your turn frst. Here are your photographs. They show people having fun. 14 tke you to compare the photographs, and say what you thnk these people are enjoying about spending time together. What are these people enjoying about spending time together? ‘having @ good time * playing games ‘doing fun | active things * enjoying the beach ~ splashing about in the wa + laughing together E| + enjoying a picnic * good weather + hanging out in pleasant surroundings «friends talking together Thank you. (Candidate B), what do you lke doing with your friends?practice Test 4 speaking - part 2 Now, (Candidate B), here are your photographs. They show animals in aliferent situations. [dike you to compare the photographs, and say which situation you think is worse for the animals. Which situation is worse for the animals? used for entertainment / do tricks probably spend a lot of time in a cage * given strange appearances ‘can be hit / whipped * take a long time to be prepared / trained not allowed to go outside / exercise * at compotitions animals aro unable to play loses natural instincts Thank you. (Candidate 4), have you ever seen animals perform?Racecar ry as Practice Test 4 PART 3 (approximately 4 minutes) (Candidates A and B) Listen to your teacher and follow his / her instructions. ‘Now, Fike you to talk about something together for about two minutes. yp is opening near you. Here are some of the ways they are thinking of advertising business and a question for you to discuss. Fist, you have some time to look atthe task. .ch other about how success{ul each of these methods of advertising might be. rd like you to imagine that a mobile phone repair sho Now, talk to Internet | Speaking - Parts 3 Mobile Phone Repair Shop radio * Lots of people use the Internet, but ‘only focal people would come to the shop, s0 lt may not be very successful. © A magazine is a good idea ‘as younger people read them a lot, s0 2 technology ‘magazine would be a good place for an advert. How successful might these methods of advertising be? = Local radio adverts could be very successful as local people would hear an advert several times. | leaflets ® Lots of leaflets can be handed! ‘out / posted in the local area, ‘but it may not make a long- Impression. Thank you. S PART 4 (approximately 4 minutes) (Candidates A and B) Listen to your teacher and answer his / her questions. Use the following questions, in order, as appropriate. ‘+ Have you ever been to @ shop because you saw or heard an ‘advertisement for it? ‘© Do you think that advertising really works? (Why?) © Do you think that adverts usually tll the truth? (Why?) newspaper «A local newspaper is a good place as many businesses advertise there and itis read by focal people, so it will probably be a success. 1¢ most effective. © What do you think? © Do you agree? ‘© And you? meee ee Select any ofthe folowing prompts, es | ‘© Do you think people are easily influenced by adverts? (Why?) “© Have you seen or heard a really good advert recently? What about? ‘© Would you lke to work in advertising? (Why?)||) Practice Test 5 READING & USE OF ENGLISH an example at the beginning (0). Brample: Ao A physical B natural C normal D real GIANT’S CAUSEWAY The Giant's Causeway is a stunning (0) ..., formation on the north coast of treland. It (1)... of approximately 37,000 columns of basalt, which is a black volcanic rock. The causeway ~ the term actually means a road crossing a body of water ~ was formed some sixty million years ago and is the result of a massive explosion that occurred deep inside the earth. Hot rock was forced up to the surface and, as it cooled (2) ...., formed these strange, geometric : columns, More appealing, if less accurate, explanations can be found in irish folklore. According to one of these tales, an Irish giant became involved in an argument with a Scottish giant and he built the causeway (3) .., he could reach his enemy’s home over the sea. He intended to fight this giant, but at the last minute, he (4) .... his nerve and ran back home. Another story (5)... to the Giant’s Causeway is about the Spanish ship Girona. When the (6) .... Spotted part of the Causeway they (7) ... it for Donlure Castle. They headed (8)... the shore, only to be wrecked on the rocks. 1 A made B_ contains includes © consists 2 A out ® down © round D up 3 A inorder B soasto © so that D with the aim 4 A failed B missed C dropped © lost si} 5 A tied B concerned © linked D joined 6 A team B staff workers © crew 7 A thought ® mistook © confused D recognised 8 A out ® for C against D roundPractice Test 5 Reading & Use of English - Paris 2 PART 2 For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word wi There is an example at the beginning (0). best fits each gap. Use only one word in each Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. Example: oO n[A]D ofa ee COMPETITION: IMPROVING YOUR NEIGHBOURHOOD Imagine you (0)... the chance to improve your neighbourhood, (9) ......WHAT...... changes would make? Would you want (10) .....£5S...... pollution and more trees and parks? Perhaps you would prefer a choice of shops and a (11) ,,. MORE... reliable bus service. Our competition gives you an opportunity to es your ideas concerning this. But that’s (12) ...NOF....... all! Everyone who enters will also be in with a cha (13) QF ose Winning one of the fifty great prizes we are offering. These include computers, bicycles, i books and much, much more. Our competition is open to anyone between the ages of eight and fi (14)... you need to do is to send us your ideas. Your entry must take the form of an essay — no more six hundred words in which you make your suggestions. The ten essays which impress our judges the most will published in a future issue of TeenWorld magazine. Entries can (15) ....,...BE.......... Posted to us or sent by email, and should reach our offices no later (16)... THAN, Friday, 31st January. PART 3 For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. Example: [Ej m[PTePoTYTE Ris. | TT L111 WE'LL HELP YOU LEARN A LANGUAGE Nowadays, more and more (0) are looking for language skills on a CV. The EMPLOY | ABLE, ADVAN .. to speak and write a foreign language can be a serious (18) ,, D/SADVA when searching for work. At our forty-five language centres spread throughout the country, our experienced teaching staff are on hand to make language learning easy and enjoyable. All of them hold the highest (19) ,. QUAUIFICATIONS. and many are native (20) ..._. SPEAKERS... of the language they QUALIFY, Sf teach. Our courses can be tailor-made to suit the (21) ... PERSONAL. needs of the student. For PERSON example, if you feel that private tuition would be more beneficial to you than joining a class, this can USUALLY, be organised. If you are seeking (22) .,, KNOWLEDGE __ of a language not (23)... .. taught KNOW, USt in this country, such as Japanese or Swahili, (24) ARRANGEMENTS, can also be madé for you to study ARRANGE it. In other words, your wish is our command. Pr—