END TERM PRACTICAL EXAMINATION, JUNE, 2016

BACHELOR OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

COMPUTER GRAPHICS & VISUAL BASIC LAB

___________________________________________________________________________________

Note: Attempt all questions

Q1. Write a program in VB to implement a simple calculator.
' Hold the left and right values
' of the calculation
Dim dblLeft As Double
Dim dblRight As Double

' Tracks where in the calculation progress we are

Dim intInProg As Integer

' Stores the current operator selected

Dim intOperator As Integer

' Store the previous operator selected

Dim intPrevOperator As Integer

' Indicates when the text field should be cleared

Dim intClearText As Integer

Private Sub Calculate()

' Check to see if we are just getting started with

' the first numbers entered for this calculation
If intInProg = 0 Then

' Get the number entered

dblLeft = txtResults.Text

' Set the next stage

intInProg = 1

' Clear the text box

txtResults.Text = ""

' Store the current operator as the previous

' one clicked
intPrevOperator = intOperator

Exit Sub

Else

' Get the right hand side of the operation

dblRight = txtResults.Text

' Clear the text box

txtResults.Text = ""

End If

' Perform the last operation

Select Case intPrevOperator

Case 1 ' add

 dblLeft = dblLeft + dblRight
dblRight = 0
txtResults.Text = dblLeft

Case 2 ' subtract

dblLeft = dblLeft - dblRight
dblRight = 0
txtResults.Text = dblLeft

Case 3 ' multiply

dblLeft = dblLeft * dblRight
dblRight = 0
txtResults.Text = dblLeft

Case 4 ' divide

' Check for a divide by 0 error
On Error GoTo DivideZero
dblLeft = dblLeft / dblRight
dblRight = 0
txtResults.Text = dblLeft

End Select

' Take the current operator as the previous operator

' Next time we calc we will need to perform the operation
' that fired off this calculation. Note we still need the
' value on the right of the operator
intPrevOperator = intOperator

' Indicate the text field should be cleared

intClearText = 1

' Exit the subroutine

Exit Sub

' Divide by Zero Support

DivideZero:

' Notify the user

MsgBox "You can not divide a number by 0."

' Clear the calculator

cmdClear_Click

End Sub

Private Sub cmdClear_Click()

' Clear all values

txtResults.Text = ""
dblLeft = 0
dblRight = 0
intOperator = 0
intPrevOperator = 0
intInProg = 0
intClear = 0

End Sub

Private Sub cmdDecimal_Click()

' Add a decimal to the value

txtResults.Text = txtResults.Text & "."

End Sub

Private Sub cmdDivide_Click()

' Indicate the operator

intOperator = 4

' Make the calculation

Calculate

End Sub

Private Sub cmdEqual_Click()

' Indicate the operator

intOperator = 5

' Make the calculation

Calculate

End Sub

Private Sub cmdMinus_Click()

' Indicate the operator

intOperator = 2

' Make the calculation

Calculate

End Sub

Private Sub cmdMultiply_Click()

' Indicate the operator

intOperator = 3

' Make the calculation

Calculate

End Sub
Private Sub cmdNumber_Click(Index As Integer)

' If set clear the text

If intClearText = 1 Then

' Clear the text

txtResults.Text = ""

' Reset the value

intClearText = 0

End If

' Check to see if our index is not 0

If Index <> 9 Then

' Set the number value

txtResults.Text = txtResults.Text & (Index + 1)

Else

' Add 0
txtResults.Text = txtResults.Text & "0"

End If

End Sub

Private Sub cmdPlus_Click()

' Inidicate the operator

intOperator = 1

' Make the calculation

Calculate

End Sub

Private Sub Form_Load()

' Start out at 0

intInProg = 0

End Sub
Q2. Write a program to draw circle using mid-point algorithm.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void plot_point(int,int,int,int);
void circle_mid_point(int,int,int);
void main()
{
int x_c,y_c,r;
int gd=DETECT,gm;
clrscr();
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
printf("\n Enter the coordinates of center of the circle : ");
scanf("%d%d",&x_c,&y_c);
printf("\n Enter the radius of circle : ");
scanf("%d",&r);
circle_mid_point(x_c,y_c,r);
getch();
}
void circle_mid_point(int x_c,int y_c,int r)
{
int x,y,p;
p=1-r;
x=0;
y=r;
while(x<y)
{
if(p<0)
{
x=x+1;
p=p+2*x+1;
}
else
{
x=x+1;
y=y-1;
p=p+2*(x-y)+1;
}
plot_point(x_c,y_c,x,y);
}
}
void plot_point(int x_c,int y_c,int x,int y)
{
putpixel((x_c+x),(y_c+y),5);
putpixel((x_c-x),(y_c+y),5);
putpixel((x_c+x),(y_c-y),5);
putpixel((x_c-x),(y_c-y),5);
putpixel((x_c+y),(y_c+x),5);
putpixel((x_c-y),(y_c+x),5);
putpixel((x_c+y),(y_c-x),5);
putpixel((x_c-y),(y_c-x),5);
}
Q3. Write a program to draw a line using Bresenhams algorithm

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<math.h>

void line_bres(int,int,int,int);

void main()
{
int x1, x2, y2, y1;
int gd=DETECT, gm;
clrscr();

printf("\n Enter the end coordinates of the line: ");

printf("\n x1, y1: ");
scanf("%d%d", &x1, &y1);
printf("\n x2, y2: ");
scanf("%d%d", &x2,&y2);

initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
line_bres(x1,y1,x2,y2);
getch();
}

void line_bres(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)

{
int dx, dy, x, y, x_end, p;

dx=abs(x1-x2);
dy=abs(y1-y2);
p=2*dy-dx;

if(x1>x2)
{
x=x2;
y=y2;
x_end=x1;
}
else
{
x=x1;
y=y1;
x_end=x2;
}
putpixel(x,y,1);

while(x<x_end)
{
x+=1;

if(p<0)
{
p+=2*dy;
}
else
{
y+=1;
p+=2*(dy-dx);
}
putpixel(x,y,1);
}
}
Q4. Create a simple database in MS Access Database /Oracle and a simple database application in VB
that shows database connectivity through DAO and ADO.

' Click event of the add command

' button
Private Sub cmdAdd_Click()

' Add a new record to the record set

Data1.Recordset.AddNew

' Hide the add button

cmdAdd.Visible = False

' Display the Update button

cmdUpdate.Visible = True

End Sub

' Click event of the Update command

' button
Private Sub cmdUpdate_Click()

' Update the data control

Data1.Recordset.Update

' Make the add command button

' visible
cmdAdd.Visible = True
' Hide the update button
cmdUpdate.Visible = False

End Sub
Q5. Write a Program to draw a line of slope 1 Using DDA Algorithm

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<math.h>

#define ROUND(a) ((int) (a+0.5))

void line_DDA(int,int,int,int);

void main()
{
int x1, x2, y2, y1;
int gd=DETECT, gm;
clrscr();

printf("\n Enter the end coordinates of the line: ");

printf("\n x1, y1: ");
scanf("%d%d", &x1, &y1);
printf("\n x2, y2: ");
scanf("%d%d", &x2,&y2);

initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
line_DDA(x1,y1,x2,y2);
getch();
}

void line_DDA(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)

{
int dx, dy, steps, k;
float xIncrement, yIncrement, x=x1, y=y1;
dx=abs(x2-x1);
dy=abs(y2-y1);

if(dx>dy)
steps=dx;
else
steps=dy;
xIncrement=dx/(float)steps;
yIncrement=dy/(float)steps;

putpixel(ROUND(x), ROUND(y), 1);

for (k=0; k<steps; k++) {
x += xIncrement;
y += yIncrement;
putpixel(ROUND(x), ROUND(y), 3);
}
}