ANXIETY AND ANXIETY-RELATED
Aware of the fear cannot control
DISORDERS
Etiology:
Biologic Perspective
- affects the ANS (sympathetic)
- decrease in GABA (Gamma Butyric
Acid) inhibitory (deficient);
Serotonin affection (deficient)
Behavioral
Psychodynamic
- Id and superego
- repression main defense
mechanism
Interpersonal inadequate and
unsatisfying
Phobic disorder: irrational fear
- cause is known
- cant explain reason behind fear
Defense mechanisms: repression,
displacement, symbolization
1. Specific phobia
2. Agoraphobia fear of open
spaces, being alone, escape is
difficult
Agora market place
3. Social phobia fear of any
situations that a person can be
embarrassed and humiliated ->
public
DYNAMICS
Displacement of feeling to another object
(symbol) -> avoidance -> impaired daily
activities of living and functioning->
abnormal -> phobic disorder
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
1. Do not let avoidance to take place
for too long
2. Systemic desensitization gradual
exposure to the object feared
3.
his reactions -> acceptance that the
clients fear is real
4. Safety
*Phobia is a prequel to panic disorder
Generalized anxiety disorder
- characterized by having persistent
worrying; anxiety reaction -> at least 6
months
Manifestations:
1. Vigilant
2. Diffuse and free-floating anxiety
do not know what triggers his
own anxiety
3. Maybe moderate but continuous
chronic
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS all
interventions for moderate and severe
anxiety
- moderate to severe muscle tension
Panic disorder
- Acute anxiety attack: highest level of
anxiety (maximum of 1- hours)
- recurrent generalized symptoms
NURSING CONSIDERATION: ensure client
safety; remain with the client