Pronunciation Rules

Yousef AlMulla
mullaya_98@yahoo.com
July 2007


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

p, b k, g t, d, ch h, l

m, n s, th, w gh vowel + r

A C E G I K

ph
Q S T U W z

2

:

)(Syllables
))Word Stress

)(Sentence Stress

.


..

Consonant Vowels

a e
i o
u
: y )(Semi-vowel

:
sh ..
th
ch ""
ph ..

..
h w wh..
k n

()

( )


.

y ) (Semi-vowel

7




( meat )mt ( meet )mt
.

read ( read )rd
(read )rd

8

)(Homophones
ere heir air bin been
)I'll (I will isle aisle bier beer
awl all bury berry
aloud allowed birth berth
alter altar build billed
aunt ant byte bite bight
eight ate blue blew
bale bail bore boar
bawl ball bored board
bomb balm border boarder
bear bare borne born
bass base bow bough
beech beach bowl boll
beet beat buoy boy
bee be

9

)(Homophones
braze braise cereal
serial
break brake cheep cheap
bred bread cheque check
bridle bridal Czech
butt but choose chews
bye by buy coral choral
cash cache , site sight cite
caul call clue clew
capitol capital clime climb
caste cast clothes close
seed cede course coarse
sell cell coin coign
, sensor censer, censor kernel colonel
compliment complement
scent sent cent corps core

10

)(Homophones
counsel council fare fair
cozen cousin phase faze
creek creak feet feat
coo coup fined find
kerb curb flare flair
current currant fur fir
damn dam flee flea
deer dear flue flu flew
dissent descent flower flour
due do dew four fore for
discrete discreet fourth forth
dough doe fowl foul
dun done gate gait
urn earn guilt gilt
feint faint guerilla gorilla

11

)(Homophones
great grate it's it is its
grizzly grisly joule jewel
grown groan quay key
hale hail need knead
hare hair new knew
haul hall night knight
heart hart not knot
herd heard no know
here hear laid lade
he'd = he would heed lamb lam
hymn him led v lead n
hirehigher leek leak
whole hole lien lean
horse hoarse lesson lessen
our hour lyre liar

12

)(Homophones
lone loan mourning morning
maid made
male mail knead need
gnu knew new
mane main
maul mall nun none
mayor mare knot not
mete meet meat ore or oar
won one
mien mean
pale pail
mite might pane pain
minor miner pare pair pear
mined mind piece peace
mown moan peek peak
pique
mowed mode purr per
more moor pier peer
mousse moose

13

)(Homophones
plane plain rows rose
pole wrote write rote
pore poor sail sale
principle principal seen scene
prophet profit skull scull
reign rain see sea
wrap rap seem seam
reed read seize sees seas
red read cell sell
reel real sheer shear
wreak reek shoo shoe
wrest rest sleigh slay
rite right slow sloe
write wright soul sole
rode ride road sum some
roll role sun son

14

)(Homophones
stayed staid thrown throne
stare stair time thyme
steak stake tied tide
stationery stationary two too to
steel steal tun ton
style stile vane vain
story storey vein
strait straight veil vale
suite sweet vile vial
tail tale whale wale wail
taut taught wane wain
tee tea waste waist
teem team weight wait
tier tear wave waive
turn tern where wear ware
their there worn warn
through threw

15

)(Homophones
wort wart
weigh way
whey
wee we
week weak
wheel weal
whether weather
whet wet
witch which
wile while
wit whit
whose who's
would will wood
your yore
you're = you are
yolk yoke

16


Silent p Silent b mb When is

mb pronounced?
pneumonia debt -s, -ed, - mb
pseudonym doubt ing, -er
psychiatrist ... m-b
psalm dumb bombs
... thumb bombed
corps ...
coup bombing
plumber bomber
cupboard bom-bard
tomb
raspberry com-bine
lamb
receipt crum-ble
climb
dum-bo
bomb

17


Silent k Silent g gn at end When is gn

pronounced?
-s, - gn
knee kneel gnome ed, -ing, -er
knelt campaign reign g-n

know knew foreigner signs
known sign design signed sig-nal
knowledge resign signing sig-nature
knife knight signer re-sig-na-tion
knot diaphragm

18

Silent t Silent d Silent ch

castle whistle handkerchief yacht

catch watch kitchen handsome
chestnut Christmas Wednesday
fasten listen ma'am = madam
often soften
mortgage mustn't

:
ballet buffet chalet
crochet gourmet valet
depot debut

= 3
t
acts ducts students

19

Silent h Silent l

ghetto ghost calf half salve

heir honor balm calm palm psalm
what when where why chalk talk walk
while whether white could should would
rhythm rhyme colonel
Thomas Theresa folks
Oprah Hannah Lincoln
almond salmon

20


Silent m Silent n When is mn pronounced?

mn
mnemonic autumn
hymn m-n
damn

solemn

column dam-na-tion
au-tum-nal
hym-nal
so-lem-ni-ty

21


Silent s Silent th Silent w

aisle island debris asthma answer sword
Arkansas Illinois toward two
3
th = : h wh

whole
clothes months depths who whom whose
lengths
: r wr
write wrote written
clothing cloth :th writing
wrap wrestle wrist

22

Silent gh
daughter slaughter neighbor sleigh
fraught ought to weigh weight
haughty naughty straight
(al)though
catch caught ... teach taught dough doughnut donut
buy bought ... bring brought borough boro thorough
fight fought ... seek sought
think thought

bright light night through

sigh sight
high height
bough plough plow
drought

23


= r +

pr, br fr, vr tr ...

aspirin comfortable documentary honorable

temperature different elementary miserable
opera every interested
laboratory beverage interesting
deliberate favorable
adjective only favorite
separate
adjective only

24

Syllables

)(Word Spelling
:

must 1
stu.dy 2

di.li.gent 3

a.na.ly.sis 4

du.ra.bi.li.ty 5

.y

25

Syllables

( pronunciation ( pr-nn's-'shn

Syllables Pronunciation Key

26

Syllables

27

Syllables

total stressed
word shape
syllables syllable

PHO TO GRAPH 3 #1

PHO TO GRAPH ER 4 #2

:
PHO TO GRAPH IC 4 #3

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 Pronunciation Keys


:
(knife (nf
('exceed (k-sd
(general (jn'r-l

29

Pronunciation Keys
)(
pat pit
pay pie, by
r care r pier
father j judge
b bib k kick, cat, pique
ch child , rich l lid, needle
d deed, milled m mum
pet n no, sudden
bee ng thing
f fife, phase, rough pot
g gag toe
h hat caught , paw, for, horrid,
hw which hoarse
oi noise

Reference: The American Heritage Dictionary

30

Pronunciation Keys
( )
took v valve
boot w with
ou out
p pop y yes
r roar z zebra, xylem, noise
s sauce zh vision, pleasure, garage
sh ship, dish about, item, edible, gallop,
t tight, stopped circus
th thin r butter
th this :
cut (
)

r urge, term, firm, word,

.
heard ( )

.

Reference: The American Heritage Dictionary

31

Sentence Stress

.

We want to go :

.
: want /
go

We WANT to GO :

32

A

(
)

hat , fat

heat , meat )( e

rate ()
e

wait () i

33

C

(
)

cycle s
city y, i, e
center
channel ch ()
watch h
chemistry k
car , cut k
back
Arabic

34

E

(
)

bed , web
bite , site e
i () i
are silent e

free
()
meet ()

eat , seat () a

35

G

(
)

go , bag g

rough f
h
orange zh

36

I

(
)

sit

bite ( i)
e e

wait () a

Kuwaiti

37

K

(
)

key , k
check
know , silent k n
knife n

38

Q

(
)

queen k

39

S

(
)

sea , biscuit s

she , wash sh h

noise z e

television zhn () ion

40

T

(
)

tea t
beat

the th h
three th
action shn () ion

future chr () ur

41

U

(
)

shut
fun

shout ou ()
mouth o

42

W

(
)

wet w
beware
how ou ()
now o

write r
r r

43

ph, xy,

(
)

phase f ph

xylem z X
y

44


( )

bat/ establish B

date/ hard D
fast/ wolf F
hate/ behave H
juice/ project () J
land/ reflect L
man/ human M
near/ and N

45


( )

one/ lemon O
pen/ paper ( P
(
run/ remember R
van/ five ( V
(
mix/ sixteen - X
yes/ family Y
zero/ quiz Z

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( )

End

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