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Introduction to
Computer
What is computer?

A programmable machine

Receives input, stores and manipulates data.

Provides output in a useful format.

 Evolution of Computer

First Generation
Vacuum Tubes invented 1945
Electronic Discrete variable
automatic computer(EDVAC)
were invented by Eckert
and Mauchly at University of
Pennsylvania to utilize the
idea of an electronically-
stored Program.
 Second Generation

Transistor - built in 1947

by Bell Laboratories.
- Uses Silicon rather that
Germanium
- Invented Leprechaun in
1956
- Follows IBM. PhilCo, GE
and RCA invented their
own transistors
 Third Generation

Integrated Circuit (IC) invented in

1958
- Reduced the size of transistors so
they could place hundreds of
them on a small silicon chip.
- Concept of programming
language developed, originally
programmers communicated with
the computers with the via plug
boards and wires.
- 1956 Fortran created, the first
programming language
- 1959 COBOL created by Grace
Hopper
 Fourth Generation

Microprocessor invented in 1971

- Large scale integrated circuit which
contained Thousands of transistors.
The transistors on this chip were
capable of performing all of the
function of a computers central
processing unit.
- Reduced the size, reduced cost,
increased speed of the
microprocessor led the creation of
the first personal computer
- 1976 Steve jobs and Steve
Wosniak invented Apple Computer
- 1981 IBM introduced first personal
Computer
Fifth Generation Present & Beyond

- 1991 World Wide Web

(www) invented by Tim
Berners Lee and released
by CERN
- MOSNIAC first web browser
for UNIX which capable of
displaying graphics along
with text internet, desktop,
PC, ome modems
connected to Online
Services such as AOL &
Compuserve
 Computer Classification

1. Mainframe The largest type of

Computer that may store a huge
amount of data Globally.
- It has 2 types of terminals dumb
terminal or intelligent terminal.
Classification of Computer

2. Super Computer the

most powerful
computers.
-The fastest computer
can perform more than
1 trillion calculations
per second.
- Cray T90 system is a
super computer
Computer Classifications

- Help analyze and forecast global weather

pattern.
- Nuclear Scientist use super computer to create
and analyze models of nuclear fusions,
predicting the actions and relation of million
atoms as they interact
- Cost 10 million dollars and consume enough
electricity to power dozens of home
 Computer Classifications

3. Mini Computer - Release

in 1960s
- Commonly used as servers
in network environment that
handle the data-sharing
needs of other computers
on the network.
- Will cost from $ 18, 000 to $
500,000
 Computer Classifications

4. Workstation Specialized
single- user computers with
many of the features of a
PC but the power of a mini
computers.
Computer Classifications

5.Micro Computers(Personal Computer)

- built in 1981 by IBM
Models
Desktop Model
Laptop Computers
Network Computers
Hand held Personal Computer(H/PCs)
Personal Digital assistant(PDA)
Cellular Phones
Tablets