TABLE OF CONTENTS

Contents
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................... 2
HOW WERE AFRICANS CAPTURED AND ENSLAVED? ............................................................ 3
THE BEGINNING OF THE JOURNEY ............................................................................................. 4
THE TRIANGLE OF TRADE ................................................................................................................. 5
THE JOURNEY FROM THE AFRICAN COAST TO THE WEST INDIES ............................ 6
THE SALE OF SLAVES ......................................................................................................................... 8
THE IMPACT OF THE SLAVE TRADE ON AFRICAN SOCIETIES ....................................... 9
THE IMPACT OF THE SLAVE TRADE ON CARIBBEAN SOCIETIES ................................ 10
GLOSSARY ............................................................................................................................................... 11
SLAVE TRADE WORD SEARCH........................................................................................................ 12
CONCLUSION......................................................................................................................................... 13
REFERENCES .......................................................................................................................................... 14
PUBLISHING TEAM ............................................................................................................................. 15
SLAVE TRADE WORD SEARCH SOLUTION ............................................................................... 15

1
 INTRODUCTION

Once upon a time long ago, around the 17th century or so;
European explorers travelled many places like a feather,
and re-discovered the Caribbean which had nice sunny weather.
The tropical climate allowed delicious crops to grow,
like sugarcane, cocoa, rice and tobacco.
These crops took a lot of work to harvest and plant,
and the Europeans did not want to get sunburnt
So they needed people to plant and harvest the crops,
because the indigenous people died from diseases like small pox
But Europeans did not want to pay people to work the crops
on huge farms called plantations
So they kidnapped Africans
and forced them to work without pay as slaves
so that the Europeans could save money instead of paying wages
The more slaves a plantation owner had, the more crops he could
cultivate,
and therefore the more money he could make.

2
 HOW WERE AFRICANS CAPTURED AND ENSLAVED?
Some Africans were sold during times of famine and drought or
to repay a debt.

Some Africans were sold into slavery by their own kings as

punishment for crimes or paid as a tribute.

Many villages were raided by European traders or other Africans

and people taken away from their loved ones (kidnapped). Men and
women were snatched while working in the fields. Children were
kidnapped walking on the outskirts of their villages or while they
were playing outside, away from the view of their parents.

Most of the Africans who were captured and enslaved were

prisoners of war. These wars occurred among neighbouring
kingdoms. The victorious kingdom traded with the Europeans,
using the prisoners of war as barter.

The capture of African Slaves

3
 THE BEGINNING OF THE JOURNEY

After the Slaves were captured, they were marched to the West
Coast of Africa.

The march was over 600 miles and was long and difficult. It was
called a death march.

After this death march to the coast, enslaved Africans were

forced to wait in dungeons or barracoons.

This captivity lasted months and sometimes as long as a year.

The Death March

4
 THE TRIANGLE OF TRADE

Map showing the Triangle of Trade

When the African slaves left the West Coast of Africa, their trip
across the Atlantic Ocean in ships was called The Middle
Passage.

On the first leg of this triangle, some European sailors brought

cloth, spirits, guns and plates to Africa to trade for slaves.

The slaves were then put on board ships to sail to the West Indies
-this was the second part of the triangle.

The third leg of this trip saw ships returning to Europe with
tobacco, rum, sugar, cotton and dyes.

5
 THE JOURNEY FROM THE AFRICAN COAST TO THE WEST
INDIES

On the Atlantic Ocean

The journey by sea took

3 4 months. If the
weather
was bad, it could take up
to
6 months.

A typical slave traders ship

could carry 30 or 35 crew
and several hundred
slaves.

The slaves lay in rows on the

floor and on shelves built in the
cargo area of the slave ships.

They were packed so close

together that most of the day they
had to remain lying down and were
only allowed to exercise and walk
around the top of the ship once a
day.

The Inside of a Slave Ship

6
 On board the slave
ship, conditions were
horrible.
Slaves were chained to
each other so that they
could not fight or rebel
against the sailors.

On Board a Slave Ship

Did they survive?

The slaves were fed very small portions of corn, yams, rice and palm
oil.

Many slaves died on this journey from diseases such as Dysentery,

Smallpox, Yellow Fever and Scurvy.

Extreme overcrowding and starvation also caused many to die.

When slaves died on the ship, their bodies were thrown overboard.

7
 THE SALE OF SLAVES

The slaves would first be washed and rubbed down with oil, to
give them a healthy and shiny appearance, before they were sold.

The sick and weak slaves were auctioned first and buyers would
bid at five pounds for these slaves.

The slave traders would scramble for the healthiest and

strongest slaves. The slaves would be assembled in a big yard and
on a signal the buyers who were waiting, would then burst in and
grab the best slaves which sometimes resulted in a fight among
the buyers.

A slave being sold via auction

8
THE IMPACT OF THE SLAVE TRADE ON AFRICAN SOCIETIES

The population in Africa was greatly decreased.

There was an increase in wars among African Kingdoms. These

Winning Kingdoms would increase their wealth by selling the
Prisoners of War.

The younger and physically fit men were taken, which left a
weaker population and made it harder to grow crops.

Civil War in Africa

9
THE IMPACT OF THE SLAVE TRADE ON CARIBBEAN SOCIETIES
The African population in the Caribbean increased. Africans
outnumbered the Europeans and indigenous people.

African Society worked closely together to survive life on the

plantations. Africans from different Kingdoms needed to work
together to live.

Crops on the Plantations were plentiful due to the African labour.

Slaves Working on a Sugarcane Plantation

10
 GLOSSARY

Barter - a system in which goods or services are exchanged for other

goods or services instead of for money

Indigenous People people that were found in a particular region or

country (also called natives)

Kidnap- to take someone against his/her will

Middle Passage - the sea journey slave ships took from West Africa to
the West Indies. Sometimes the journey took three (3) weeks but bad
weather could make the trip last longer.

Slave - someone who belongs to another as a servant

Slavery - when one human being was owned by another. The law
considered a slave to be property so slaves had no rights like free
persons.

Triangle of Trade - a system in which slaves, crops, and manufactured

goods were traded between Africa, the Americas, and Europe.

Tribute payment made to a victorious kingdom from a defeated one

11
SLAVE TRADE WORD SEARCH

12
 CONCLUSION
Slavery influenced the Caribbean with the development of the
plantations.
Caribbean Economies were strongly influenced by the plantations
and as a result some Countries are still struggling to redevelop
and restructure their way of life.
The African population in the Caribbean is more than Europeans,
Indigenous people and other races.
African culture is a part of the Caribbean society influencing the
food, clothing, dress, dance and musical instruments used today.
It also impacted on the naming of places such as Mandingo Road
in Moruga (located in south Trinidad).
Slavery also influenced Religious expression and beliefs as they
practised religions such as the Spiritual Shouter Baptist faith.

African expressions of culture

13
REFERENCES

Boundless. The Triangular Trade. Boundless U.S. History. Boundless,

20 Sep. 2016. Retrieved from: https://www.boundless.com/u-s-
history/textbooks/boundless-u-s-history-textbook/expansion-of-the-
colonies-1650-1750-4/slavery-in-the-colonies-55/the-triangular-trade-
337-9653/

East of England Broadband Network. (2009). The Abolition Project.

The arrival of European Traders. Retrieved from:
http://abolition.e2bn.org/slavery_42.html

National Museums Liverpool. (2016). The capture and sale of enslaved

Africans. Retrieved from:
http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/ism/slavery/africa/capture_sale.a
spx

Norman, A. (2011). The people who came. Book one. Essex, England:
Pearson Education Limited.

Pearce, B. (2014). The effects of slavery on the caribbean. Retrieved

from:https://history105.libraries.wsu.edu/fall2014/2014/08/29/slaver
y-in-south-america/

Perbi, A. (2016). How slaves were acquired in africa. Retrieved from:

http://www.accessgambia.com/information/how-were-slaves-
acquired.html

Ramdial, R. (2016). Face to Face sessions. UWI-ROYTEC, October 15,

2016.

Ross, W. (2014). Slaverys long effect on Africa. Retrieved from:

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6504141.stm

14
 PUBLISHING TEAM
Adela Scott - 3465404

Gail Huggins-Harris - 3463267

Kesia Stapleton-Lopez - 3524379

Lizann Joseph - 3522947

Marsha Daniel - 3495452

Sharon Gopaulchan-Jagroop - 3528615

Simone Vieira - 3496267

SLAVE TRADE WORD SEARCH SOLUTION

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